Bonjour Jean Christophe André,

Un très grand merci de votre temps a m'aider !

Je suis scrupuleusement vos suggestions et une étape à la fois.

Je n'avais pas de fichier « ~/.profile », je l'ai donc créé avec comme contenu :

« export _JAVA_OPTIONS="-Dawt.useSystemAAFontSettings=lcd -Dsun.java2d.xrender=true" »

Sans succès.

Pour toutes les autres solutions, toujours sans résultats, voici le contenu du fichier « .bashrc » :
«
export _JAVA_OPTIONS="-Dawt.useSystemAAFontSettings=lcd -Dsun.java2d.xrender=true"
export JAVA_FONTS=/usr/share/fonts/truetype
»

Je perçois parfois de changement de style de police dans les menus de l'IDE d'Arduino ou de Processing, mais jamais de changement sur la taille. Et dans toutes les propositions reçues, il n'y a rien concernant la taille des polices de caractère, le coeur de mon problème. N'y aurait-il pas un paramètre du genre « export JAVA_FONTS_SIZE=24 » que je pourrais ajouter à .bash ou .profile ?

En passant, au cas ou cela serait utile, voici les contenus des lanceurs d'IDE d'Arduino et de Processing qui sont en version d'origine, sans modification de ma part :

arduino:
«
#!/bin/sh

APPDIR="$(dirname -- "$(readlink -f -- "${0}")" )"

cd "$APPDIR"

for LIB in \
    java/lib/rt.jar \
    java/lib/tools.jar \
    lib/*.jar \
    ;
do
    CLASSPATH="${CLASSPATH}:${LIB}"
done
export CLASSPATH

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=`pwd`/lib${LD_LIBRARY_PATH:+:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH}
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH

export PATH="${APPDIR}/java/bin:${PATH}"

java -Dswing.defaultlaf=com.sun.java.swing.plaf.gtk.GTKLookAndFeel processing.app.Base "$@"
»

processing :
«
#!/bin/sh

# This script runs Processing, using the JDK in the Processing
# installation directory if possible.

# If no JDK was installed with Processing then the script tries to use
# the preferred Java version of the machine, i.e. what is executed
# by the "java" console command. This must be a Sun JDK (for details, see
# http://processing.org/reference/environment/platforms.html#java).

# In order to run Processing with an already installed JDK that is *not*
# the preferred Java version of the machine, create a symlink named "java"
# in the Processing installation directory that points to the JDK home
# directory.

# Thanks to Ferdinand Kasper for this build script. [fry]


# JARs required from JDK (anywhere in/below the JDK home directory)
JDKLIBS="rt.jar"

# Set this to non-zero for logging
LOGGING=0

# Logs name and value of a variable to stdout if LOGGING is non-zero.
# Expects the variable name as parameter $1.
log() {
  if [ $LOGGING -ne 0 ]; then
    eval echo $1=\$$1
  fi
}


# Locates JDKLIBS in a directory and its subdirectories and saves their
# absolute paths as list to JDKCP. Expects the directory as parameter $1.
# Sets SUCCESS to 1 if all libraries were found, to 0 otherwise.
make_jdkcp() {
  # Back out of JRE directory if apparently located inside a JDK
  if [ -f "$1/../bin/java" ]; then
    DIR="$1/.."
  else
    DIR="$1"
  fi
  log DIR

  JDKCP=
  SUCCESS=1

  # Locate JDKLIBS
  for L in $JDKLIBS; do
    # Locate only the first library with a matching name
    LIB=`find "$DIR" -name $L 2>/dev/null | head -n 1`
    log L
    log LIB

    # Library found?
    if [ -n "$LIB" ]; then
      JDKCP="$JDKCP"${JDKCP:+:}"$LIB"
    else
      SUCCESS=0
    fi
  done

  log JDKCP
}


# Get absolute path of directory where this script is located
APPDIR=`readlink -f "$0"`
APPDIR=`dirname "$APPDIR"`
log APPDIR

# Try using a local JDK from the same directory as this script
JDKDIR=`readlink -f "$APPDIR/java"`
make_jdkcp "$JDKDIR"
log SUCCESS

# Local JDK found?
if [ $SUCCESS -ne 1 ]; then
  # No, try using the preferred system JRE/JDK (if any)
JDKDIR=`which java` && JDKDIR=`readlink -e "$JDKDIR"` && JDKDIR=`dirname "$JDKDIR"`/..
  make_jdkcp "$JDKDIR"
  log SUCCESS
fi

# Add all required JARs to CLASSPATH
CLASSPATH="$CLASSPATH"${CLASSPATH:+:}"$JDKCP"
for LIB in "$APPDIR"/lib/*.jar; do
  CLASSPATH="$CLASSPATH"${CLASSPATH:+:}"$LIB"
done
for LIB in "$APPDIR"/core/library/*.jar; do
  CLASSPATH="$CLASSPATH"${CLASSPATH:+:}"$LIB"
done
export CLASSPATH
log CLASSPATH

# Make all JDK binaries available in PATH
export PATH="$JDKDIR/bin":"$PATH"
log PATH

current_name=`basename $0`
cmd_name='processing-java'

if [ $current_name = $cmd_name ]
then
    java processing.mode.java.Commander "$@"
    exit $?
else
  # Start Processing in the same directory as this script
  if [ "$1" ]; then
    SKETCH=`readlink -f $1`
  else
    SKETCH=
  fi
  cd "$APPDIR"

  java processing.app.Base "$SKETCH" &
fi
»

Voilà qui fait le point sur la situation !

Merci encore de l'aide et en souhaitant que vous persistiez comme moi à chercher une solution !

L'ami René


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