The IP-adresses are bought from an organisation with a lot of IPs given to them either by a RIR (Regional Internet Registries, eg. RIPE) or directly by IANA. The whole thing with "no more IP-addresses" is that IANA no longer have any IP-addresses they wish to allocate to the public Internet - there is still a couple of million of them reserved for "future"/local usage, but in the long run, we still have to migrate to IPv6. RIPE has some more information about this on their website[1].
Setting up virtual servers can be made fully-automatically and doesn't require that much off the hardware, so these "root"-access machines (most often dedicated/VPSs) is getting quite common nowadays, since the pricing between VPSs (out of the head.. beginning on as little as $250/yr is not that far off from better webhosts, at approx $100/yr). The exhaustion is mostly IANAs fault - the amount off addresses was insufficient for a global network to which *everyone* connects. To blame the web hosts is quite wrong, as the ISPs also tend to "lend" out IP-addresses to every single household/cellphone that connects to the Internet and also haven't really cared about the problem (profit?) even as IANA actually have told them to start swapping the last 10 years.. Vint Cerf[2], nowadays Chief Internet Evangelist at Google is often very quick to say something like "I made a mistake when I was in the group that decided how IPv4 should be built up, let's correct it with IPv6, sure, 4.3 billion addresses is a lot of them in 1990 - but it proved to be insufficient as the Internet grew.. my bad!" (not accurate quote) Having a single customer/IP-address can often be practically for companies, as you then can say that "Yes, anything from this IP-address is ours, it's ours and ours only", for example - to verify that a mail is from the correct sender (most companies doesn't use GPG-signatures or similar), you can check the IP-address against a DNS-server to verify the probability of the of the sender being the sender. (Also, if you need 10 million IPv4-addresses, you should probably contact a RIR directly as that is a LOT of addresses, if it's IPv6 you want, no worries.. there's plenty of them :D) [1] http://www.ripe.net/internet-coordination/ipv4-exhaustion [2] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vint_Cerf -- Best wishes Emil "sakjur" Tullstedt ~~~~~~~~~~ On Sat, Mar 5, 2011 at 3:42 PM, Abhishek Dixit <abhidixi...@gmail.com>wrote: > On Sat, Mar 5, 2011 at 7:08 PM, Ahmed Kamal <k...@ubuntu.com> wrote: > > > > > > On 03/05/2011 03:24 PM, Abhishek Dixit wrote: > >> > >> So if some one has to host 100 million websites and if 10 million asks > >> then the web hosting company has these 10 million IP addresses? > > > > Websites are different. Due to "Name Virtualhosting" you can host > multiple > > websites (thousands) on a single IP address. The web server knows how to > > serve the correct one through http headers > > > Very correct.But I see people given root access in these situations > also and other than websites people are given a lot of server access > with dedicated IPs and SSH access so how do they acquire so many > IPs.Are these web hosting companies responsible for the finishing of > IPv4 addresses. > -- > Regards > Abhi > > -- > ubuntu-server mailing list > ubuntu-server@lists.ubuntu.com > https://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/ubuntu-server > More info: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/ServerTeam >
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