GitHub user winterhazel added a comment to the discussion: Starting instances 
in a domain other than root fails,

> Enabling the uefi.properties what does it really do? Do i need it? It is the 
> only way for a tenant (subdomain) admin or user to start uefi secure or 
> insecure VMs?

Yes, this is needed. This file tells CloudStack where the UEFI firmware is 
located at, so that it can create VMs using that firmware.

> -Cannot find how to change to bios. Only options available are name, display 
> name, os type, dynamically scalable, ha enabled, group, delete protection. 
> Plus a few under instance settings. (like UEFI secure or legacy).

Under instance settings, delete the `UEFI` setting. The VM will boot using BIOS 
when this setting is not defined.

> All my VMs and templates are based on ubuntu20-22, debian12, windows 2022, 
> all using uefi secure. Nowhere bios except for the system VM template 
> (centos5.5).

> After enabling the uefi-properties file and restarting the agent, some old 
> centos system template based VM starts fine. All the VMs I created based on 
> my iso and templates either cannot start or start but cannot boot.

> I am asking because all my uefi instances worked fine prior to enabling it.

Your VMs were booting using BIOS (not UEFI) before creating the 
`uefi.properties`. Even if there is the `UEFI` setting under their instance 
settings, CloudStack configures existing VMs to boot using BIOS instead of UEFI 
if no `uefi.properties` is found in a host.

I assume that your templates were created from MBR disks with BIOS-compatible 
bootloaders because you were using BIOS when installing the OS. Therefore, now 
that the VMs are actually using UEFI, they cannot boot because there is no EFI 
partition with a bootloader.

Could you configure the VMs to boot using BIOS, as described above, and check 
whether they start successfully?

> (help! how can i delete old templates? no delete button...)

You can delete a template by accessing its details page and going to the zones 
tab. There will be a button to delete the template from each zone that it is 
installed in.

> Also do you think I need a uefi storage pool as defined for Alma while i am 
> running rhel8? 
> (https://www.siberoloji.com/set-uefi-boot-kvm-virtual-machines-almalinux/)

You don't need to create this pool.

GitHub link: 
https://github.com/apache/cloudstack/discussions/10430#discussioncomment-12468562

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