Hi, thank you for your reply, but I still have a few questions: On Wed, Oct 22, 2025 at 7:31 PM Michael S. Tsirkin <[email protected]> wrote: > > On Wed, Oct 22, 2025 at 07:21:45PM +0800, Zhang Tianci wrote: > > Hi, > > I noticed that the reference count of the virtio_pci kernel module > > in the VM is always 0, even though there are at least two > > virtio block devices and one virtiofs device in the VM. > > > > Using rmmod virtio_pci can unload the virtio_pci module, > > but this renders the virtio block devices unusable. > > it removes them. you can put it back in and you will > get devices again.
But I can't do it anymore because the rootfs is no longer available, or rather, the OS is no longer available. > > > I wonder if this result is expected? Why don't the virtio block devices > > and virtiofs device hold a reference count to the virtio_pci kernel module? > > because they don't have to. Is it due to design reasons or implementation reasons? Is it because the semantics of kernel module refcnt does not include such logical dependency? Thanks, Tianci
