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   The Learning Kingdom's Cool Word of the Day for October 5, 1999
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                         colonel [n. KER-nul]

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The military rank below brigadier general and above lieutenant
colonel is the colonel.  In some U.S. states, the title of colonel
can also be awarded as a nonmilitary honor.  The word's odd
pronunciation is a relic of its history.

The small, elite regiment at the head of an army was once known in
Italian as the "compagna colonella" (little column company).  This
expression described the shape of a group of marching soldiers, like
a long, straight column on its side.  The commander of such a group
was the colonella.

When the word migrated to French, it changed to coronel, which is the
form that originally entered English.  The word's pronunciation then
became tighter, losing the second vowel.  More recently, a more
authentically Italian spelling was adopted, but the word is still
pronounced KER-nul.


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