The difference is that a simulation is an approximation of a copy.  Simulation
code has to be complex because we want to preserve those features that are
important, which is never a straightforward problem.

An exact simulation of the universe down to the last particle would be a very
simple program, probably a few hundred bits to specify the laws of physics. 
But it would require a computer larger than the universe to represent its
quantum state (as a string of 10^122 bits).  It would take even longer to run
the simulation because the best known algorithms for computing the wave
equations are exponential, or 2^(10^122) steps.

So we approximate.


-- Matt Mahoney, [EMAIL PROTECTED]

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