On 3/15/23 18:32, Paul Koning via cctalk wrote:

Apart from spooling, which uncouples slow I/O from execution, there is also 
"multiprogramming", which means being able to run more than one job 
concurrently.  Timesharing does that, of course, but I think multiprogramming was 
intended to refer to batch systems that did so.

Yes, the IBM 709x ran in single-job fashion.  I don't think it had interrupts, so breaking off one program to schedule another was not possible.  Also, it had no memory protection.  We had a 7094 at Washington University in the late 1960s, and it was the main computer resource on campus.  When the moved up to a 360/50, they were able to benefit from multiprogramming, and got a boost in throughput, although the 7094 was QUITE a bit faster than the 360/50.

Jon

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