Jim,

I agree, but we are talking about a test.  The test signal would have to 
have a signal that either sweeps or is shifted in frequency.  This would be 
a test like a two tone test.  A two tone test is not a real world test, but 
it is made with very specific signals and the results are well known.  I 
think we would have to approach group delay the same way.

Through equalization most transmitter/receiver anomalies can be 
corrected.  Non-linear effects of the analog circuits cannot be necessarily 
corrected, but the signals can be designed to reduce their effects.  MT63 
is a good example.  64 tones that can be run into an amateur radio at full 
power with third order IM products that are 23 dB down, and not cause 
excessive bandwidth outside of the necessary bandwidth.  I have some 
spectrum analyzer plots of this, but cannot find them right now, and my 
spectrum analyzer is in the field.  As soon as I get it back I will make 
some tests.  Even PSK31 run at full power really does not cause the IM 
problems that most people claim.  Most of the IM problems happen in the 
receiver, or in over driven analog sound card and transmitter audio circuits.

73,

Mark N5RFX


>While they may be sinusoids, they are not steady state. The tones
>are switched and their phase may change depending on the modulation.
>An example would be the first cycle of a sinusoid applied to
>capacitor or an inductor. You will get some distortion. How much
>is the question. Phase changes also require a high slew rate
>capability in order to not be distorted.



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