On 4/8/2018 11:45 AM, Kevin Cozens wrote:
As the frequency goes up it RF design becomes part science and part art, or some might say black magic.

A better way of thinking about it is that as frequency goes up, stray (parasitic) elements of components become increasingly significant (that is, L and C in a resistor, R and L in a capacitor, R and C in an inductor), wiring (including traces on a single layer circuit board) first become inductors, then antennas, and their capacitance to other circuit elements and their inductive coupling to other wiring becomes significant, and traces above a "ground layer" on a circuit board become transmission lines. And the TIME it takes for signals to move along wires and lines becomes significant. The dielectric properties of circuit board become significant. The spacing between circuit traces becomes significant.

In other words, all of the things that can often be ignored at lower frequencies must be considered at higher frequencies. That's not "art," it's not "black magic," its pure science.

73, Jim K9YC



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