On 3 June 2014 13:12, John Ross <jr...@trexenterprises.com> wrote: > Space doesn’t keep things apart. >
What does then? > > > This is from wiki: > > An *integrating sphere* (also known as an Ulbricht sphere) is an optical > component consisting of a hollow spherical cavity with its interior covered > with a diffuse <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffuse_reflection> white > reflective coating, with small holes for entrance and exit ports. Its > relevant property is a uniform scattering > <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scattering> or diffusing effect. Light rays > incident on any point on the inner surface are, by multiple scattering > reflections, distributed equally to all other points. The effects of the > original direction of light are minimized. An integrating sphere may be > thought of as a diffuser <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffuser_(optics)> > which preserves power but destroys spatial information. It is typically > used with some light source and a detector for optical power measurement. A > similar device is the focusing or Coblentz sphere, which differs in that it > has a mirror-like (specular) inner surface rather than a diffuse inner > surface. > I'm not sure why that is significant. > You are right about 100 to 400 billion. > > > > I admit my calculation was very rough. But the photon pressure does not > have to be great if you are talking about something the size of a galaxy > and it continues pressing for billions of years. I would like to see a > more precise calculation of the photon pressure from the entire universe on > a single galaxy especially one near the edge of our Universe. I know that > photons from our sun turns the tail of comets away from the sun. > So why don't all galaxies have tails, given that the universe has a definite centre in the Ross model, and the photon pressure will be greater from that direction? > > > Neutrino photons are a 1,000 times smaller than gamma ray photons which > can pass some distance through steel. They are traveling at the speed of > light. Neutrino photons are so small that they rarely impact any charged > particle. Charged particles do not feel the Coulomb forces from neutrino > photons until the neutrino photon has passed by, but the charged particles > feel the Coulomb forces spreading out behind the neutrino photon once the > neutrino photon is gone. It’s kind of like the shock wave from a jet. > The shock wave would be travelling outwards radially, surely? > > > It takes a long time for a Black Hole to digest a star. First the Black > Hole has to create anti-protons and then the anti-protons have to mate up > with the protons. Then the neutrino photons have to make their way from > near the center of the Black Hole to the surface before they can take off > through the galaxy. > There shouldn't be any time required for objects inside a black hole to connect up, because the hole's gravity crushes everything to a point. So all the point particles will be in the same place. Escaping from the hole is more difficult, although if you can travel faster than light I guess there may no be a problem. > I understand it takes visible light energy (entrons) to travel from the > core of our sun to the surface. > I think you missed something out there. It takes photons a long time to travel from the core of the sun to the surface because the sun is a plasma and they keep being absorbed and re-emitted. The distance a photon can travel inside the sun is very short, which is why the sun is opaque I guess. I'm not sure what the connection is with black holes. > > > Light travels at the speed of light through Coulomb grids. The Coulomb > grid travel at the same speed as the galaxy it is associated with. The > Coulomb grid associated with a galaxy near the edge of our Universe is > probably receding from you and me at near the speed of light, I understand, > maybe faster. > > > > Einstein thought that massive objects curved space and that photons travel > through space. I say that space is nothing, it can’t be curved, but > Coulomb grids are definitely curved. Our sun’s Coulomb grid is curved and > our earth’s grid is curved. And I also say photons travel not through > space but, through Coulomb grids. So my guess is that I would get the same > answer as Einstein for Mercury’s path. > Don't guess. If you have a decent theory you should be able to work out the answers. > > > I love your questions! > You didn't answer the one about the massive coincidence of us being at the exact centre of the universe. > > > John R > > > > > > *From:* everything-list@googlegroups.com [ > mailto:everything-list@googlegroups.com <everything-list@googlegroups.com>] > *On Behalf Of *LizR > *Sent:* Monday, June 02, 2014 4:08 PM > *To:* everything-list@googlegroups.com > *Subject:* Re: TRONNIES - SPACE > > > > On 3 June 2014 05:04, John Ross <jr...@trexenterprises.com> wrote: > > John Clark, > > > > Thanks for your May 30 post. > > > > It looks like we are fairly close on time but not on space. Here are my > basic thoughts on space. Pardon me if I am repeating myself. > > > > Space is total nothingness. It can’t be curved. I suppose it could be > expanded. If you move to a bigger house, you will have more space. > > > > If space was nothingness, it wouldn't be able to keep things apart. > > > > The Ross Model proposes a shell for our Universe. It is a cold plasma > shell comprised of mostly electrons and positrons. It may be many light > years thick. On the inside of the shell are 100 to 400 galaxies. > > > > I'm guessing that should read 100-400 *billion* galaxies. Does this imply > that we happen to be (roughly) in the centre of the universe? If the > distance to the CMBR / shell is 13.82 billion lyr or whatever it's > currently measured as, and that result holds in all directions, the chances > of us being in such a favoured position is, erm, lemme see ... according to > my best estimate that's "astronomically unlikely". > > Of course the current model of the universe and the CMBR doesn't require > any such coincidence, because it explains how any observer would see > roughly the same things we do. (So one falsifiable prediction of the Ross > model is that future measurements of the CMBR in different directions will > almost certinaly give at least slightly different distances.) > > > > I don’t know what is beyond the shell, but I could guess. The shell is > currently expanding due to photon pressure from all of the stars in all > of the galaxies, which means that the volume of our Universe is expanding. > Reflections from the shell and low temperature radiation from the shell > gives us our cosmic background radiation. Our shell is like an integrating > sphere. > > > > Faraway galaxies are all moving away from each other due to photon > pressure from the same stars. The pressure is small per square meter but > the cross section of galaxies is very large. Plus the pressure is > continuous providing an accelerating force that increases the velocity of > the galaxies every second for billions of years. The velocities of faraway > galaxies may approach or exceed the speed of light. This is anti-gravity. > > > > Have you done the calculations? Galaxies are VERY faint sources, I believe > an observer placed at a typical position in the universe would see hardly > anything (if they had human senses). Of course this photon pressure would > have to be fairly even to accelerate everything in a galaxy at the same > rate. My guess is that it would just blow all the hydrogen clouds out into > intergalactic space, so all galaxies would resemble comets with tails > pointing away from the centre of the universe. I don't believe this has > been observed. > > > > Nearby galaxies are being attracted to each other. This is the result of > gravity. According to the Ross Model gravity is the result of destruction > of protons and anti-protons in Black Holes. This releases a neutrino > entron with each destruction. Neutrino entrons exit the Black Holes as > neutrino photons. Neutrino photons are about 1,000 times more energetic > than gamma ray photons. Most neutrino photons illuminating stars, planets > and moons pass right through providing a backward force directed toward the > source of the neutrino photon. > > > > I don't see how this would work. Any momentum transfer would tend to push > objects *away *from the source. > > > > A few are temporally stopped and later released giving stars, planets and > moons their gravity. I have calculated that the destruction of one > earth-size planet in the Milky Way’s Black Hole would produce a neutrino > photon flux at our solar system of about 68,000 neutrino photons per meter > squared-second. The flux at nearby galaxies would be much less but I > believe it is enough to overcome the photon pressure between nearby > galaxies. Low-energy photons pass through large distances of intergalactic > space more efficiently than neutrino photons. So at very large distances > low-energy photons trump the neutrino photons. > > > > As already noted this requires black holes to swallow mass at a constant > rate, maybe averaged over a few years - which seems highly unlikely. Some > BHs remain "unfed" for billions of years once they have cleared out their > immediate neighbourhood. > > > > Since my model proposes that tronnies are point particles occupying no > space and that everything in our Universe is made from tronnies or things > made from tronnies, our Universe and everything in it must be 100 percent > empty space. But every tronnie, based on its charge, is continuously > producing Coulomb force waves that expand continuously. This means that > our Universe is filled 100 percent with Coulomb waves. These are all > traveling at the speed of light in all direction. The result is a huge > number (probably infinite) of Coulomb grids. Photons travel in Coulomb > grids. Each major thing in our Universe with all of its charged particles > creates its own Coulomb grid. Our Universe has a Coulomb grid. Each > galaxy has a Coulomb grid. Each star and its planets have one. Planets > and moons each have a Coulomb grid. As all of these things move through > our Universe at a variety of speeds they carry their grids along with > them. Photons travel at the speed of light through Coulomb grids. Large > masses can definitely produce a curvature in the mass’s Coulomb grid. > > > > However if the speed of light isn't a limit these are all travelling at > different speeds. This seems a bit ... epicyclic. > > > > So if we define “space” as Coulomb grids, then my model may not be much > different than general relativity > > > > I think there are still a few points of difference. For one thing, > Einstein came up with the equations he derived from his model of space-time > curvature, and solving them gives not merely retrodictions of the > perihelion of mercury etc, but predictions of unexpected consequences, > several of which have been confirmed (some since Einstein's death). > > gravitational lenses > > gravitational waves > > black holes > > the expansion of the universe (famously fudged by the man himself, which > fudging turned out to ALSO be a correct predictions, whoda thought it?! He > must have been a genius...) > > (and possibly worm holes and white holes) > > > > -- > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups > "Everything List" group. > To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an > email to everything-list+unsubscr...@googlegroups.com. > To post to this group, send email to everything-list@googlegroups.com. > Visit this group at http://groups.google.com/group/everything-list. > For more options, visit https://groups.google.com/d/optout. > > -- > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups > "Everything List" group. > To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an > email to everything-list+unsubscr...@googlegroups.com. > To post to this group, send email to everything-list@googlegroups.com. > Visit this group at http://groups.google.com/group/everything-list. > For more options, visit https://groups.google.com/d/optout. > -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Everything List" group. 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