Every time something appears to violate the 2nd law, gravity is involved.
There is some sort of tension between thermodynamic and gravitational
equilibrium, although obviously any system far from equilibrium should tend
towards it (if it does anything at all). (Hence my stipulation of flat
space when I try to derive the AOT from cosmic expansion.)

On 23 November 2014 at 10:09, John Clark <johnkcl...@gmail.com> wrote:

> On Sat, Nov 22, 2014 , meekerdb <meeke...@verizon.net> wrote:
>
> > Loschmidt's idea was that an isolated column of gas in a gravitational
>> field would develop a temperature gradient, warmer at the top.
>>
>
> I believe that would be cooler at the top not warmer,. molecules at the
> top of a column of gas would have more gravitational potential energy than
> those at the bottom and so would have had to expend kinetic energy to get
> up that high and become cooler as a result. Virtually everybody agrees that
> this is not in violation of the second law but there doesn't seem to be a
> consensus on exactly why it doesn't.
>
>   John K Clark
>
>
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