On 11/21/2019 9:54 PM, Philip Thrift wrote:


On Thursday, November 21, 2019 at 11:42:29 PM UTC-6, Philip Thrift wrote:



    On Thursday, November 21, 2019 at 6:22:05 PM UTC-6, Brent wrote:



        On 11/21/2019 11:28 AM, Philip Thrift wrote:


        They make predictions of outcomes whether or not those
        outcomes are ever observed.

        It's tautalogous that predictions are of "outcomes". The point
        was that they can be judged right or wrong/*only*/ if they are
        predictions of /*observations.*/ Otherwise they are like your
        priest predicting that a donation to the church will put you
        in heaven when you die.


        Whether predictions are "right" or not is a pragmatic
        practice that is outside the scientific
        model/formulation/theory itself.

        A pragmatic practice?   So when Eddington measured the
        deflection of starlight by the Sun, he should have then asked
        himself whether it will be/*useful */to think that his
        observation matched Einstein's predict? He should have thought
        about what papers could be written and chairs endowed?

        Brent



    Models make predictions of outcomes whether they are observed by
    humans (or hypothetical intelligent beings) or not. The models
    predict outcomes in galaxies far from ours. In multiverse models,
    they may make predictions of outcomes in other universes where we
    don't even live.

    How human observations relate to models (their predicted outcomes)
    is a matter of *pragmatic philosophy*, or so-called agreed-upon
    scientific practice. But this is not part of the models.

    @philipthrift



Also models (like Einstein Field Equations) make predictions of outcomes that are at odds with observations

So at last you agree that we use theories to make predictions and we compare them with observations.

(quantum-scale phenomena, wormholes, etc.), but we still keep them around. Again, that's *pragmatic philosophy*. They are just tools that my be replaced by other tools in the future.

Yes, I know how it works.

Brent

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