there's a wiki page with a bit of info, including the gca.c/h files:

https://surfer.nmr.mgh.harvard.edu/fswiki/FsTutorial/GcaFormat


On Thu, 2010-01-28 at 17:09 -0500, Bruce Fischl wrote:
> really? Hmmm, that sounds like a bug. It should be:
> 
> labels --> indices of the most likely label at each voxel
> priors --> the probability that that label occurs at that voxel
> means  --> the mean intensity of the most likely label
> 
> you can also use -nth $frame instead of #$frame
> 
> On Thu, 28 
> Jan 
> 2010, 
> Guang Zeng wrote:
> 
> >
> > Hello, Bruce,
> >
> > Thanks a lot for your quick reply?
> > Could I ask what is the difference between labels.mgz and priors.mgz (or 
> > atlas.gca#1 and atlas.gca#2).
> > I load both of them in tkmedit, move the mouse in the image, they all gave 
> > me the same value.
> >
> >
> > Thanks!
> > Guang
> >
> >> Date: Thu, 28 Jan 2010 16:51:56 -0500
> >> From: fis...@nmr.mgh.harvard.edu
> >> To: freesurfer...@hotmail.com
> >> CC: freesurfer@nmr.mgh.harvard.edu
> >> Subject: RE: [Freesurfer] how to view .gca file
> >>
> >> Hi Guang,
> >>
> >> it should be:
> >>
> >> mri_convert atlas.gca#0 means.mgz
> >> mri_convert atlas.gca#1 labels.mgz
> >> mri_convert atlas.gca#2 priors.mgz
> >>
> >> cheers,
> >> Bruce
> >>
> >> p.s. sorry, I don't think the gca format is documented anywhere, but you
> >> are welcome to the code if you want
> >>
> >> On Thu, 28 Jan 2010, Guang Zeng wrote:
> >>
> >>>
> >>> Hello, Bruce,
> >>>
> >>> Thanks for your reply. I still have two questions,
> >>>
> >>> 1. Does these gca files also include 9 arrays such as those template 
> >>> files saved into .tiff file.
> >>> Is there any place in the WIKI explain the format of the gca files?
> >>>
> >>> What is the difference between gca#0 and gca#1?
> >>>
> >>> 2. I tried the command line you suggested,
> >>>
> >>> mri_convert atlas.gca#1 priors.mgz labels.mgz
> >>>
> >>> It gave me an error message:
> >>>
> >>> mri_convert: extra argument ("labels.mgz")
> >>>
> >>> type mri_convert -u for usage
> >>>
> >>> Thanks a lot!
> >>> Guang
> >>>
> >>>> Date: Thu, 29 Oct 2009 07:21:42 -0400
> >>>> From: fis...@nmr.mgh.harvard.edu
> >>>> To: freesurfer...@hotmail.com
> >>>> CC: freesurfer@nmr.mgh.harvard.edu
> >>>> Subject: Re: [Freesurfer] (no subject)
> >>>>
> >>>> you can load it in tkmedit from the file menu and probe it one voxel at a
> >>>> time, or you can use
> >>>>
> >>>> mri_convert atlas.gca#0 means.mgz
> >>>>
> >>>> and
> >>>>
> >>>> mri_convert atlas.gca#1 priors.mgz labels.mgz
> >>>>
> >>>> to look at the most likely label and it's mean
> >>>>
> >>>> cheers,
> >>>> Bruce
> >>>>
> >>>> On Thu, 29 Oct 2009, Guang Zeng
> >>>> wrote:
> >>>>
> >>>>>
> >>>>> Hi, there,
> >>>>>
> >>>>> I want to know how the FS GCA atlas looks like, is there a way to load 
> >>>>> the FS GCA Atlas and view it using tkmedit or matlab?
> >>>>>
> >>>>> Is it possible to replace FS Atlas with our own Atlas and use it for 
> >>>>> analysis?
> >>>>>
> >>>>> Thanks a lot!
> >>>>> Guang
> >>>>>
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