When the integrated preprocessor is not used (due to -no-integrated-cpp, -save-temps, -E, etc), the generated .h.gch file appears to be a valid precompiled header file, but it does not #define the preprocessor guards (and perhaps other symbols) from the files it brought in. This causes duplicate symbols:
% gcc-4.3.3 -v -no-integrated-cpp -o stdafx.h.gch stdafx.h Using built-in specs. Target: i686-pc-linux-gnu Configured with: ../../gcc-4.3.3/configure --prefix=/ati/devel/tools/gcc-4.3.3/install/linux --enable-shared --enable-threads --enable-languages=c,c++ --with-gmp=/ati/devel/tools/gmp-4.2/install/linux --with-mpfr=/ati/devel/tools/mpfr-2.3.1/install/linux : (reconfigured) ../../gcc-4.3.3/configure --prefix=/ati/devel/tools/gcc-4.3.3/install/linux --enable-shared --enable-threads --enable-languages=c,c++ --with-gmp=/ati/devel/tools/gmp-4.2/install/linux --with-mpfr=/ati/devel/tools/mpfr-2.3.1/install/linux : (reconfigured) ../../gcc-4.3.3/configure --prefix=/ati/devel/tools/gcc-4.3.3/install/linux --enable-shared --enable-threads --enable-languages=c,c++ --with-gmp=/ati/devel/tools/gmp-4.2/install/linux --with-mpfr=/ati/devel/tools/mpfr-2.3.1/install/linux Thread model: posix gcc version 4.3.3 (GCC) COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-v' '-no-integrated-cpp' '-o' 'stdafx.h.gch' '-mtune=generic' /ati/devel/tools/gcc-4.3.3/install/linux/libexec/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.3.3/cc1 -E -quiet -v stdafx.h -mtune=generic -o /tmp/ccnbPxzf.i ignoring nonexistent directory "/ati/devel/tools/gcc-4.3.3/install/linux/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.3.3/../../../../i686-pc-linux-gnu/include" #include "..." search starts here: #include <...> search starts here: /usr/local/include /ati/devel/tools/gcc-4.3.3/install/linux/include /ati/devel/tools/gcc-4.3.3/install/linux/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.3.3/include /ati/devel/tools/gcc-4.3.3/install/linux/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.3.3/include-fixed /usr/include End of search list. COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-v' '-no-integrated-cpp' '-o' 'stdafx.h.gch' '-mtune=generic' /ati/devel/tools/gcc-4.3.3/install/linux/libexec/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.3.3/cc1 -fpreprocessed /tmp/ccnbPxzf.i -quiet -dumpbase stdafx.h -mtune=generic -auxbase stdafx -version -o /tmp/ccGZpv2j.s --output-pch= stdafx.h.gch GNU C (GCC) version 4.3.3 (i686-pc-linux-gnu) compiled by GNU C version 4.3.3, GMP version 4.2, MPFR version 2.3.1. GGC heuristics: --param ggc-min-expand=100 --param ggc-min-heapsize=131072 Compiler executable checksum: 49856469fbae50dcb90f9b2de0dd77b2 % file stdafx.h.gch stdafx.h.gch: GCC precompiled header (version 013) for C % gcc-4.3.3 -v -c -o pchtest.o pchtest.c Using built-in specs. Target: i686-pc-linux-gnu Configured with: ../../gcc-4.3.3/configure --prefix=/ati/devel/tools/gcc-4.3.3/install/linux --enable-shared --enable-threads --enable-languages=c,c++ --with-gmp=/ati/devel/tools/gmp-4.2/install/linux --with-mpfr=/ati/devel/tools/mpfr-2.3.1/install/linux : (reconfigured) ../../gcc-4.3.3/configure --prefix=/ati/devel/tools/gcc-4.3.3/install/linux --enable-shared --enable-threads --enable-languages=c,c++ --with-gmp=/ati/devel/tools/gmp-4.2/install/linux --with-mpfr=/ati/devel/tools/mpfr-2.3.1/install/linux : (reconfigured) ../../gcc-4.3.3/configure --prefix=/ati/devel/tools/gcc-4.3.3/install/linux --enable-shared --enable-threads --enable-languages=c,c++ --with-gmp=/ati/devel/tools/gmp-4.2/install/linux --with-mpfr=/ati/devel/tools/mpfr-2.3.1/install/linux Thread model: posix gcc version 4.3.3 (GCC) COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-v' '-c' '-o' 'pchtest.o' '-mtune=generic' /ati/devel/tools/gcc-4.3.3/install/linux/libexec/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.3.3/cc1 -quiet -v pchtest.c -quiet -dumpbase pchtest.c -mtune=generic -auxbase-strip pchtest.o -version -o /tmp/cc11Ilvb.s ignoring nonexistent directory "/ati/devel/tools/gcc-4.3.3/install/linux/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.3.3/../../../../i686-pc-linux-gnu/include" #include "..." search starts here: #include <...> search starts here: /usr/local/include /ati/devel/tools/gcc-4.3.3/install/linux/include /ati/devel/tools/gcc-4.3.3/install/linux/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.3.3/include /ati/devel/tools/gcc-4.3.3/install/linux/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.3.3/include-fixed /usr/include End of search list. GNU C (GCC) version 4.3.3 (i686-pc-linux-gnu) compiled by GNU C version 4.3.3, GMP version 4.2, MPFR version 2.3.1. GGC heuristics: --param ggc-min-expand=100 --param ggc-min-heapsize=131072 Compiler executable checksum: 49856469fbae50dcb90f9b2de0dd77b2 In file included from pchtest.c:2: decls.h:3: error: redefinition of struct Foo make: *** [pchtest.o] Error 1 /****decls.h****/ #if !defined(DECLS_H) #define DECLS_H struct Foo {}; #endif /****stdafx.h****/ #if !defined(STDAFX_H) #define STDAFX_H #include "decls.h" #endif /****pchtest.c****/ #include "stdafx.h" #include "decls.h" int main(void) { return 0; } -- Summary: Generated GCH for c++ file fails to honor include guards with -no-integrated-cpp Product: gcc Version: 4.3.3 Status: UNCONFIRMED Severity: normal Priority: P3 Component: pch AssignedTo: unassigned at gcc dot gnu dot org ReportedBy: sacolcor at provide dot net http://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=40215