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https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HDFS-9053?page=com.atlassian.jira.plugin.system.issuetabpanels:comment-tabpanel&focusedCommentId=14951674#comment-14951674
 ] 

Hadoop QA commented on HDFS-9053:
---------------------------------

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| (x) *{color:red}-1 overall{color}* |
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|| Vote || Subsystem || Runtime || Comment ||
| {color:red}-1{color} | pre-patch |  17m 35s | Findbugs (version ) appears to 
be broken on trunk. |
| {color:green}+1{color} | @author |   0m  0s | The patch does not contain any 
@author tags. |
| {color:green}+1{color} | tests included |   0m  0s | The patch appears to 
include 8 new or modified test files. |
| {color:green}+1{color} | javac |   7m 55s | There were no new javac warning 
messages. |
| {color:green}+1{color} | javadoc |  10m 33s | There were no new javadoc 
warning messages. |
| {color:red}-1{color} | release audit |   0m 20s | The applied patch generated 
1 release audit warnings. |
| {color:red}-1{color} | checkstyle |   1m 13s | The applied patch generated  8 
new checkstyle issues (total was 0, now 8). |
| {color:red}-1{color} | whitespace |   0m 10s | The patch has 1  line(s) that 
end in whitespace. Use git apply --whitespace=fix. |
| {color:green}+1{color} | install |   1m 30s | mvn install still works. |
| {color:green}+1{color} | eclipse:eclipse |   0m 35s | The patch built with 
eclipse:eclipse. |
| {color:green}+1{color} | findbugs |   4m 25s | The patch does not introduce 
any new Findbugs (version 3.0.0) warnings. |
| {color:green}+1{color} | common tests |   7m  7s | Tests passed in 
hadoop-common. |
| {color:green}+1{color} | hdfs tests | 190m  7s | Tests passed in hadoop-hdfs. 
|
| | | 241m 41s | |
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|| Subsystem || Report/Notes ||
| Patch URL | 
http://issues.apache.org/jira/secure/attachment/12765801/HDFS-9053.006.patch |
| Optional Tests | javadoc javac unit findbugs checkstyle |
| git revision | trunk / def374e |
| Release Audit | 
https://builds.apache.org/job/PreCommit-HDFS-Build/12911/artifact/patchprocess/patchReleaseAuditProblems.txt
 |
| checkstyle |  
https://builds.apache.org/job/PreCommit-HDFS-Build/12911/artifact/patchprocess/diffcheckstylehadoop-common.txt
 |
| whitespace | 
https://builds.apache.org/job/PreCommit-HDFS-Build/12911/artifact/patchprocess/whitespace.txt
 |
| hadoop-common test log | 
https://builds.apache.org/job/PreCommit-HDFS-Build/12911/artifact/patchprocess/testrun_hadoop-common.txt
 |
| hadoop-hdfs test log | 
https://builds.apache.org/job/PreCommit-HDFS-Build/12911/artifact/patchprocess/testrun_hadoop-hdfs.txt
 |
| Test Results | 
https://builds.apache.org/job/PreCommit-HDFS-Build/12911/testReport/ |
| Java | 1.7.0_55 |
| uname | Linux asf902.gq1.ygridcore.net 3.13.0-36-lowlatency #63-Ubuntu SMP 
PREEMPT Wed Sep 3 21:56:12 UTC 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux |
| Console output | 
https://builds.apache.org/job/PreCommit-HDFS-Build/12911/console |


This message was automatically generated.

> Support large directories efficiently using B-Tree
> --------------------------------------------------
>
>                 Key: HDFS-9053
>                 URL: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HDFS-9053
>             Project: Hadoop HDFS
>          Issue Type: Improvement
>          Components: namenode
>            Reporter: Yi Liu
>            Assignee: Yi Liu
>            Priority: Critical
>         Attachments: HDFS-9053 (BTree with simple benchmark).patch, HDFS-9053 
> (BTree).patch, HDFS-9053.001.patch, HDFS-9053.002.patch, HDFS-9053.003.patch, 
> HDFS-9053.004.patch, HDFS-9053.005.patch, HDFS-9053.006.patch
>
>
> This is a long standing issue, we were trying to improve this in the past.  
> Currently we use an ArrayList for the children under a directory, and the 
> children are ordered in the list, for insert/delete, the time complexity is 
> O\(n), (the search is O(log n), but insertion/deleting causes re-allocations 
> and copies of arrays), for large directory, the operations are expensive.  If 
> the children grow to 1M size, the ArrayList will resize to > 1M capacity, so 
> need > 1M * 8bytes = 8M (the reference size is 8 for 64-bits system/JVM) 
> continuous heap memory, it easily causes full GC in HDFS cluster where 
> namenode heap memory is already highly used.  I recap the 3 main issues:
> # Insertion/deletion operations in large directories are expensive because 
> re-allocations and copies of big arrays.
> # Dynamically allocate several MB continuous heap memory which will be 
> long-lived can easily cause full GC problem.
> # Even most children are removed later, but the directory INode still 
> occupies same size heap memory, since the ArrayList will never shrink.
> This JIRA is similar to HDFS-7174 created by [~kihwal], but use B-Tree to 
> solve the problem suggested by [~shv]. 
> So the target of this JIRA is to implement a low memory footprint B-Tree and 
> use it to replace ArrayList. 
> If the elements size is not large (less than the maximum degree of B-Tree 
> node), the B-Tree only has one root node which contains an array for the 
> elements. And if the size grows large enough, it will split automatically, 
> and if elements are removed, then B-Tree nodes can merge automatically (see 
> more: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B-tree).  It will solve the above 3 
> issues.



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