Thank you for your detailed reply,

regards
Radha

On Thursday, February 23, 2017 at 5:03:30 PM UTC+5:30, Aarti S. Khale wrote:
>
> Thanks Varun Ji.
> Regards,
> Aarti
>
> On Thu, Feb 23, 2017 at 12:05 PM, J.M. Garg <[email protected] 
> <javascript:>> wrote:
>
>> A reply:
>> "This is something based on nomenclature principles; Principle III : 
>> Priority Principle [ICBN]
>>
>> If a taxonomic group has been given two or more names, the correct name 
>> is the first name that meets the *Code’s *standards for publication*. 
>> *Basically, 
>> this means that the priority of a name dates from the time that it was 
>> first published and made known to other botanists.
>>
>> e.g. in *Ficus microcarpa*
>>
>> *Ficus microcarpa* L.f. [*1782*]
>>
>> *Ficus retusa* var. *pisifera* (Miq.) Miq. [1867]
>> *Ficus retus*a f. *parvifolia* Miq. [1867]
>> *Ficus retusa* var. *nitida* King [1887]
>> *Ficus retusa* var. *crassifolia* W.C.Shieh [1963]
>>
>> So, there are 5 different names for one species, if an author describes 
>> or reports a species with other name, submitted herbarium samples later 
>> studied and validated at Authorised Herbariums (viz. KEW, NYBG etc.) and 
>> later based on code's standards and sample authenticity new names or 
>> synonymy decided.
>>
>> Whereas, *Ficus microcarpa* L.f. and *Ficus retusa* L. both are distinct 
>> species [according to TPL].
>>
>> According to Chaudhary *et. *al, It is said that *F. retusa* L. is a 
>> native of *Java* and does not occur in *India* (database of Grin, 
>> Tropicos, eFloras and Berg and Corner (2005)). The Indian materials are 
>> referred to *F. microcarpa* L. f. (Rao, 1986). However, after examining *F. 
>> microcarpa* L. f. and its allied taxa it has been felt that the Indian 
>> materials need to be re-examined from throughout their range 
>> of distribution to know the correct identity and occurrence of *F. 
>> retusa* L. in India.
>>
>> Kind regards,
>>
>> Varun"
>>
>> Thanks, Varun ji.
>>
>>
>> On 10 February 2017 at 14:36, radha veach <[email protected] 
>> <javascript:>> wrote:
>>
>>> In biotik.org *F. retusa*  L.is given as a synonym of *F. microcarpa* 
>>> L.f.
>>> If we read King, Talbot, Cooke as well as any number of older Floras 
>>> this tree is known as *Ficus retusa.* In some more modern sources it 
>>> becomes *F. microcarpa*. It is clear from descriptions that they refer 
>>> to one and the same species.
>>> Can you explain the differences between the 2 which have led to a change 
>>> in the name?
>>>
>>> thank you
>>> Radha
>>>
>>>
>>> On 10 February 2017 at 13:40, J.M. Garg <[email protected] <javascript:>> 
>>> wrote:
>>>
>>>> A reply:
>>>> "*Ficus microcarpa* L.f.
>>>> Kind regards,
>>>> Varun"
>>>>
>>>> Thanks, Varun ji.
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> On 10 February 2017 at 10:41, J.M. Garg <[email protected] <javascript:>
>>>> > wrote:
>>>>
>>>>> Forwarding again for Id confirmation or otherwise please.
>>>>>
>>>>> Some earlier relevant feedback:
>>>>>
>>>>> It looks like Ficus retusa syn, Ficus microcarpa
>>>>> regards
>>>>> Radha                                          
>>>>>
>>>>> Thanks Radha Ji.
>>>>> I was going by the link....
>>>>> http://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Dye%20Fig.html 
>>>>> And Raman Ji's link from Bangalore....
>>>>>
>>>>> https://groups.google.com/forum/#!searchin/indiantreepix/raman$20tinctoria%7Csort:relevance/indiantreepix/d4xaU5rBV-k/6Xr6PNZCQRoJ
>>>>> Figs Of Bangalore - RA - Ficus tinctoria - Dye Fig Tree
>>>>> Regards,
>>>>> Aarti                                  
>>>>>
>>>>> your posted plant is not Ficus tinctoria,
>>>>> regards
>>>>> Radha
>>>>>  
>>>>>
>>>>> *Ficus microcarpa* 
>>>>> <https://sites.google.com/site/efloraofindia/species/m---z/m/moraceae/ficus/ficus-microcarpa>
>>>>>  & *Ficus retusa *L. 
>>>>> <http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/details/species/id/223af1b298568df90e12100d9921c3b5>
>>>>>  (Catalogue 
>>>>> of Life) appears to be two different accepted names- from me
>>>>>
>>>>> ---------- Forwarded message ----------
>>>>> From: Aarti S. Khale <[email protected] <javascript:>>
>>>>> Date: 27 January 2017 at 12:08
>>>>> Subject: [efloraofindia:262565] Ficus Species For ID : Ficus 
>>>>> tinctoria? : Lalbagh,Bangalore : 27JAN17 : AK-12
>>>>> To: efloraofindia <[email protected] <javascript:>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> Ficus tree seen in Lalbagh in the first week of Jan.
>>>>> Couldn't find any fruits.
>>>>> Is this Ficus tinctoria?
>>>>> Experts, kindly validate.
>>>>> Aarti
>>>>>
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>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> -- 
>>>>> With regards,
>>>>> J.M.Garg
>>>>>
>>>>> 'Creating awareness of Indian Flora & Fauna' 
>>>>> <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Jmgarg1>
>>>>>
>>>>> Winner of Wipro-NFS Sparrow Awards 2014 for efloraofindia 
>>>>> <https://sites.google.com/site/efloraofindia/award-for-efloraofindia>
>>>>> . 
>>>>>
>>>>> For identification, learning, discussion & documentation of Indian 
>>>>> Flora, please visit/ join our Efloraofindia Google e-group 
>>>>> <https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/indiantreepix> (largest in 
>>>>> the world- around 2700 members & 2,40,000 messages on 31.3.16) or 
>>>>> Efloraofindia 
>>>>> website <https://sites.google.com/site/efloraofindia/> (with a 
>>>>> species database of more than 11,000 species & 2,20,000 images). 
>>>>>
>>>>> The whole world uses my Image Resource 
>>>>> <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:J.M.Garg> of more than a 
>>>>> thousand species & eight thousand images of Birds, Butterflies, Plants 
>>>>> etc. 
>>>>> (arranged alphabetically & place-wise). You can also use them for free as 
>>>>> per Creative Commons license attached with each image.
>>>>>
>>>>> Also author of 'A Photoguide to the Birds of Kolkata & Common Birds of 
>>>>> India'. 
>>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> -- 
>>>> With regards,
>>>> J.M.Garg
>>>>
>>>> 'Creating awareness of Indian Flora & Fauna' 
>>>> <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Jmgarg1>
>>>>
>>>> Winner of Wipro-NFS Sparrow Awards 2014 for efloraofindia 
>>>> <https://sites.google.com/site/efloraofindia/award-for-efloraofindia>. 
>>>>
>>>> For identification, learning, discussion & documentation of Indian 
>>>> Flora, please visit/ join our Efloraofindia Google e-group 
>>>> <https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/indiantreepix> (largest in 
>>>> the world- around 2700 members & 2,40,000 messages on 31.3.16) or 
>>>> Efloraofindia 
>>>> website <https://sites.google.com/site/efloraofindia/> (with a species 
>>>> database of more than 11,000 species & 2,20,000 images). 
>>>>
>>>> The whole world uses my Image Resource 
>>>> <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:J.M.Garg> of more than a 
>>>> thousand species & eight thousand images of Birds, Butterflies, Plants 
>>>> etc. 
>>>> (arranged alphabetically & place-wise). You can also use them for free as 
>>>> per Creative Commons license attached with each image.
>>>>
>>>> Also author of 'A Photoguide to the Birds of Kolkata & Common Birds of 
>>>> India'. 
>>>>
>>>
>>>
>>
>>
>> -- 
>> With regards,
>> J.M.Garg
>>
>> 'Creating awareness of Indian Flora & Fauna' 
>> <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Jmgarg1>
>>
>> Winner of Wipro-NFS Sparrow Awards 2014 for efloraofindia 
>> <https://sites.google.com/site/efloraofindia/award-for-efloraofindia>. 
>>
>> For identification, learning, discussion & documentation of Indian Flora, 
>> please visit/ join our Efloraofindia Google e-group 
>> <https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/indiantreepix> (largest in the 
>> world- around 2700 members & 2,40,000 messages on 31.3.16) or Efloraofindia 
>> website <https://sites.google.com/site/efloraofindia/> (with a species 
>> database of more than 11,000 species & 2,20,000 images). 
>>
>> The whole world uses my Image Resource 
>> <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:J.M.Garg> of more than a 
>> thousand species & eight thousand images of Birds, Butterflies, Plants etc. 
>> (arranged alphabetically & place-wise). You can also use them for free as 
>> per Creative Commons license attached with each image.
>>
>> Also author of 'A Photoguide to the Birds of Kolkata & Common Birds of 
>> India'. 
>>
>
>

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