cmccabe commented on code in PR #14208:
URL: https://github.com/apache/kafka/pull/14208#discussion_r1295091800


##########
metadata/src/main/java/org/apache/kafka/image/loader/MetadataBatchLoader.java:
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@@ -0,0 +1,257 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.kafka.image.loader;
+
+import org.apache.kafka.common.metadata.MetadataRecordType;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.utils.LogContext;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.utils.Time;
+import org.apache.kafka.image.MetadataDelta;
+import org.apache.kafka.image.MetadataImage;
+import org.apache.kafka.image.MetadataProvenance;
+import org.apache.kafka.raft.Batch;
+import org.apache.kafka.raft.LeaderAndEpoch;
+import org.apache.kafka.server.common.ApiMessageAndVersion;
+import org.apache.kafka.server.fault.FaultHandler;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+
+import java.util.function.Supplier;
+
+import static java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS;
+
+/**
+ * Loads batches of metadata updates from Raft commits into MetadataDelta-s. 
Multiple batches from a commit
+ * are buffered into a MetadataDelta to achieve batching of records and reduce 
the number of times
+ * MetadataPublishers must be updated. This class also supports metadata 
transactions (KIP-866).
+ *
+ *
+ */
+public class MetadataBatchLoader {
+
+    enum TransactionState {
+        NO_TRANSACTION,
+        STARTED_TRANSACTION,
+        CONTINUED_TRANSACTION,
+        ENDED_TRANSACTION,
+        ABORTED_TRANSACTION;
+    }
+
+    @FunctionalInterface
+    public interface MetadataUpdater {
+        void update(MetadataDelta delta, MetadataImage image, LogDeltaManifest 
manifest);
+    }
+
+    private final Logger log;
+    private final Time time;
+    private final FaultHandler faultHandler;
+    private final Supplier<LeaderAndEpoch> leaderAndEpochSupplier;
+    private final MetadataUpdater callback;
+
+    private MetadataImage image;
+    private MetadataDelta delta;
+    private long lastOffset;
+    private int lastEpoch;
+    private long lastContainedLogTimeMs;
+    private long numBytes;
+    private int numBatches;
+    private long totalBatchElapsedNs;
+    private TransactionState transactionState;
+
+    public MetadataBatchLoader(
+        LogContext logContext,
+        Time time,
+        FaultHandler faultHandler,
+        Supplier<LeaderAndEpoch> leaderAndEpochSupplier,
+        MetadataUpdater callback
+    ) {
+        this.log = logContext.logger(MetadataBatchLoader.class);
+        this.time = time;
+        this.faultHandler = faultHandler;
+        this.leaderAndEpochSupplier = leaderAndEpochSupplier;
+        this.callback = callback;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reset the state of this batch loader to the given image. Any un-flushed 
state will be
+     * discarded.
+     *
+     * @param image     Metadata image to reset this batch loader's state to.
+     */
+    public void resetToImage(MetadataImage image) {
+        this.image = image;
+        this.delta = new MetadataDelta.Builder().setImage(image).build();
+        this.transactionState = TransactionState.NO_TRANSACTION;
+        this.lastOffset = image.provenance().lastContainedOffset();
+        this.lastEpoch = image.provenance().lastContainedEpoch();
+        this.lastContainedLogTimeMs = 
image.provenance().lastContainedLogTimeMs();
+        this.numBytes = 0;
+        this.numBatches = 0;
+        this.totalBatchElapsedNs = 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Load a batch of records from the log. We have to do some bookkeeping 
here to
+     * translate between batch offsets and record offsets, and track the 
number of bytes we
+     * have read. Additionally, there is the chance that one of the records is 
a metadata
+     * version change which needs to be handled differently.
+     * </p>
+     * If this batch starts a transaction, any records preceding the 
transaction in this
+     * batch will be implicitly added to the transaction.
+     *
+     * @param batch    The reader which yields the batches.
+     * @return         The time in nanoseconds that elapsed while loading this 
batch
+     */
+
+    public long loadBatch(Batch<ApiMessageAndVersion> batch) {
+        long startNs = time.nanoseconds();
+        int indexWithinBatch = 0;
+
+        lastContainedLogTimeMs = batch.appendTimestamp();
+        lastEpoch = batch.epoch();
+
+        for (ApiMessageAndVersion record : batch.records()) {
+            try {
+                replay(record);
+            } catch (Throwable e) {
+                faultHandler.handleFault("Error loading metadata log record 
from offset " +
+                    batch.baseOffset() + indexWithinBatch, e);
+            }
+
+            // Emit the accumulated delta if a new transaction has been 
started and one of the following is true
+            // 1) this is not the first record in this batch
+            // 2) this is not the first batch since last emitting a delta
+            if (transactionState == TransactionState.STARTED_TRANSACTION && 
(indexWithinBatch > 0 || numBatches > 0)) {
+                MetadataProvenance provenance = new 
MetadataProvenance(lastOffset, lastEpoch, lastContainedLogTimeMs);
+                LogDeltaManifest manifest = LogDeltaManifest.newBuilder()
+                    .provenance(provenance)
+                    .leaderAndEpoch(leaderAndEpochSupplier.get())

Review Comment:
   I don't think we need the `leaderAndEpoch` supplier here since we can just 
pass in `MetadataLoader.currentLeaderAndEpoch` to this function. The metadata 
loader already tracks this and it's cheaper than taking locks and contacting 
the raft layer



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