My observation is that before the 60s America fully embraced the melting pot model. My own Grandmother, for example, was not allowed to learn Norwegian. She was the first in her family born in the US, but expected to only know English. Preserving heritage from European countries was seen by many as a rejection of being American. After the hippie movement, this attitude began to change. I think there was some desperation to regain what was lost by many people. I also agree with the other factors you are looking at. None of these social shifts happened in isolation.
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