There's a nice story about "always knowing for sure" and leadership, this time in some fishes. It's not only amazing that a swarm of fishes stays together but that - at least in some species - swarms may change direction almost synchronously, like a big swimming organism. Now the story: Researchers found out that, in a certain species of fish, there was always a "leader" in a swarm who's direction all of the others followed. Of course the obvious question arose: What makes the natural leader here? Is it a particuarly clever fish? Or a fish who knows instinctively what direction is the best ist most circumstances? The answer which turned out was: Fishes have a tendency to adjust their direction with that of their neighbors in the swarm. There is always one fish in a swarm who does NOT adjust to any other fish - thus his direction wins over any other direction in the end. So much for apparent knowledge for sure and natural leadership.
F ---------------------------------------------------- Dr. Franz Mechsner Reader Northumbria University, Dept. of Psychology Northumberland Building Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST (UK) Tel: +44(0) 191 243 7479 __________________________________________________________________ Von: lute-...@cs.dartmouth.edu im Auftrag von wi...@cs.helsinki.fi Gesendet: Do 15.03.2012 11:22 An: Stewart McCoy Cc: Lute Net Betreff: [LUTE] Re: Being too clever, knowing always "how it is"... Dear Stewart, That was clever! :-)) Btw, the idea (and phenomenon) seems seems to be older: "The trouble with the world is that the stupid are cocksure, and the intelligent are full of doubt." (Bertrand Russell: "The Triumph of Stupidity" (10 May 1933) ) Best, Arto On 15/03/12 11:36, Stewart McCoy wrote: > Dear Arto, > > I'm not so sure. He may not be right. > > Best wishes, > > Stewart McCoy. > > -----Original Message----- > From: lute-...@cs.dartmouth.edu [[1]mailto:lute-...@cs.dartmouth.edu] On > Behalf Of Arto Wikla > Sent: 14 March 2012 22:13 > To: Lutelist List > Subject: [LUTE] Being too clever, knowing always "how it is"... > > Dear lutenists, > > after having read every now and then some quite strong opinions "how it > really is" here in our List, I cannot resist posting a perhaps slightly > OT message, but there is a great wisdom in a comment by Charles > Bukowski: > > "The problem with the world is that the intelligent people are full of > doubts while the stupid ones are full of confidence." > > Actually that is very pessimistic, but anyhow > > all the best, > > Arto > > > > > To get on or off this list see list information at > [2]http://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~wbc/lute-admin/index.html -- References 1. mailto:lute-...@cs.dartmouth.edu 2. http://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~wbc/lute-admin/index.html