Hi, Leandro,

> In which scenarios are there advantages on having IMAP and SMTP on
> different IPs?

[IP -> routing]
when the services are not located in the same LAN or even in a remote data 
center, it will become necessary to directly address the different IP addresses 
as they are routed to different network locations.
a common setup in our days is to have an external service provider to clean 
your inbound (MX) mail stream, an forward it to your mailbox (IMAP) server.

of course you can accept your MX traffic yourself (on the same IP your IMAP 
mail box service is reachable), but then you have to reroute this inbound SMTP 
stream internally (for that special setup).

IP reputation comes into play only when a service wants to evaluate what to 
expect from a client.
Since only your SMTP server should appear as a client to other MXs (hopefully 
your IMAP server doesn’t call out 8-), only that one may lose on reputation 
that needs to be maintained. 

As long as your single server's IP reputation is high enough not to get listed 
into /BGP drop list/  of any kind, your servers IP address should be reachable 
(IP routing) for all your (mail) clients.

HTH

Florian

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