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Louis I studied under Richard Lobban. He was doing scholarship on Islamism as a style of government back when Peter Camejo was running for president on the SWP ticket. Because he was working in Sudan, he was there when bin Laden showed up in Khartoum. You can find his stuff pretty easily. I tend to follow his analysis on this issue pretty regularly. Best regards, Andrew Stewart > On 4/18/17 5:57 PM, Andrew Stewart wrote: > The interplay between al Queda and members of the royal family as opposed to > the government is well documented. My advice to Andrew and anybody else interested in these questions is to read "The Thistle and the Drone" by Akbar Ahmed, which is now online: https://archive.org/stream/The_Thistle_and_the_Drone_How_Americas_War_on_Terror_Became_a_Global_War_on_Trib/The_Thistle_and_the_Drone_How_Americas_War_on_Terror_Became_a_Global_War_on_Tribal_Islam_by_Akbar_Ahmed_djvu.txt If you don't have time to read the whole thing, this chapter is essential: page 43 Bin Laden’s Dilemma: Balancing Tribal and Islamic Identity _________________________________________________________ Full posting guidelines at: http://www.marxmail.org/sub.htm Set your options at: http://lists.csbs.utah.edu/options/marxism/archive%40mail-archive.com