I appreciate Alan's very helpful post particularly his concern about speech distortion.
I have a question for him and others. Should severe restrictions on freedom of expressive association best be viewed as a kind of viewpoint restriction? If groups speak through their leaders, and if leaders are elected by voting members, the ability of an expressive group to craft and articulate its viewpoint in a designated public forum is indeed made vulnerable to distortion or even total destruction when the state adopts a designated public forum requiring a waiver of associational freedom as a condition to access. I think this is what was bothering Justice Breyer. A marketplace of ideas requires a diversity of views, and a diversity of views is not served by groups that are denied the right to define an expressive identity. I think Breyer was saying such a "fantastical" forum is more like a group hug than a marketplace of ideas. Like Doug Laycock, I have exams that need to be graded. I can't wait to read the opinions that come down in this case. Rick Duncan Welpton Professor of Law University of Nebraska College of Law Lincoln, NE 68583-0902
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