Re: PID 11 using 400% CPU

[C. P. Ghost]

On Tue, Jul 5, 2011 at 6:27 AM, manish jain  wrote:
> Hello Dan,
>
> It looks like ppp is doing a lot of read and write operations, which keeps
> the disk spinning. How do I set this right ? Is there something wrong with
> my ppp.conf (see below) ?
>
> ppp.conf :
>
> default:
>  set log Phase Chat LCP IPCP CCP tun command

Maybe reduce the amount of logging? But look at the logs
before turning logging off: maybe there's something wrong
with your setup, perhaps you have a flaky line etc...?

-cpghost.

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Re: Re: why desktop apps are able to kill my freebsd box?

[C. P. Ghost]

On Tue, Jul 5, 2011 at 2:42 AM, Timo  wrote:
>> Why a faulty desktop application run as unprivileged user is able to
>> crash my system?
>>
>> I mean, I know programs have bugs and sometimes they lead to crashes.
>> I'm fine with that. But why a crashing program (for example firefox or
>> banshee) is able to kill the whole system?
>>
>> And by 'crash' or 'kill' i mean that for whatever reason the system is
>> frozen and doesn't reply to anything but a hard reset.

Can you still log in via ssh from another box?
Or at least, can you ping the "frozen" box from
the outside?

Usually, a frozen system isn't really frozen, it's just
Xorg which is. And that's often related to buggy
graphics drivers.

-cpghost.

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Re: Opinion on using AMD Phenom II x6 1090t with Gigabyte 890BPA-UD3H and 8GB DDR-3 as a WebServer.

[C. P. Ghost]

On Thu, Jun 30, 2011 at 4:53 PM, eculp  wrote:
> Quoting "C. P. Ghost" :
>
>> On Wed, Jun 29, 2011 at 5:27 PM, Gary Gatten  wrote:
>>>
>>> Of course it depends on your apps, but unless you're doing some HUGE
>>> number of connections, or your apps are  "not good", this will be MORE
>>> than enough RAM and CPU.
>>>
>>> (...)
>>>
>>> Maybe turn this into a virtual host and make some use of that hardware,
>>> or just be happy using it at 5% capacity.
>>
>> ... or run some instances of Plone on it. Should be enough to keep it
>> busy and out of the idle thread even at moderate traffic. ;-)
>
> I agree but somehow my extra resources (memory, disk, cpu, etc.) always seem
> to find sponges in a short period of time.  This may be the exception.

It's certainly no exception. Programs tend to expand over time,
and when they expand, they tend to use up more time as well.

Since space and time complexity of programs are closely linked
to and bounded by each other, a corollary to Murphy's Law:
  "Any given program will expand to fill all the available memory."
is, of course,
  "Any given program will expand to use up all available CPU cycles."

I'm half-joking though. Anyway, I'm sure you'll put that new machine
to great use!

> thanks
>
> ed

-cpghost.

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Re: Opinion on using AMD Phenom II x6 1090t with Gigabyte 890BPA-UD3H and 8GB DDR-3 as a WebServer.

[C. P. Ghost]

On Wed, Jun 29, 2011 at 5:27 PM, Gary Gatten  wrote:
> Of course it depends on your apps, but unless you're doing some HUGE number 
> of connections, or your apps are  "not good", this will be MORE than 
> enough RAM and CPU.
>
> (...)
>
> Maybe turn this into a virtual host and make some use of that hardware, or 
> just be happy using it at 5% capacity.

... or run some instances of Plone on it. Should be enough to keep it
busy and out of the idle thread even at moderate traffic. ;-)

> G

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Re: freebsd list admins?

[C. P. Ghost]

On Tue, Jun 21, 2011 at 1:44 PM, Jerry  wrote:
> It is my personal view that FreeBSD-Questions should be consolidated
> into the chat forum. Chat forums are rarely moderated and tend to be
> open to the general public.

Some of us have workflows that favor e-mail over those newfangled web
forums for reasons well beyond this thread. Please leave questions@
as it is. It is good enough, IMHO, and one of the better communities
out there in terms of technical knowledge and friendliness w.r.t. all
sorts of questions.

Oh, and as to many users not posting in a more focused manner
to -stable@, -current@, -hackers@ etc..., the reason is quite simple:
many issues are common to all branches, and there isn't a -common@
mailing list to address them. So questions@ is a pretty good catch-all
for those general questions, and not just for newbies.

-cpghost.

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Re: Any working SIP-phone on FreeBSD?

[C. P. Ghost]

On Sun, Jun 19, 2011 at 12:43 AM, Polytropon  wrote:
> On Sat, 18 Jun 2011 22:23:15 +0100, Frank Shute wrote:
>> I think we have to wait for somebody to write a Skype clone and
>> hopefully MS taking over Skype will provide the impetus (MS will drop
>> the linux port as soon as they can).
>
> Some time ago I've read (at least I _think_ I read it) that
> someone reverse-engineered the Skype protocol, so there maybe
> is the chance that a free Skype alternative, being compatible
> with Skype, will be created.

I guess, we don't need to mimic Skype's proprietary protocol, because
that would create patent-related problems in some parts of the world.

What we need though, that's a WORKING and robust NAT traversal
technique, be it in Ekiga or any other SIP-based softphone. Because
that's what prevents them for working reliably everywhere. This is an
interesting research project:

http://www.goto.info.waseda.ac.jp/~wei/file/wei-apan-v10.pdf

-cpghost.

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Re: Any working SIP-phone on FreeBSD?

[C. P. Ghost]

On Sat, Jun 18, 2011 at 7:19 PM, Yuri  wrote:
> I tried ekiga but it doesn't work. It gets into standby mode and stays this
> way. I think it's because of firewall. There is the PR for this.

Just to rule out the obvious, are you sure you've configured the *audio*
ports and the mixer correctly?

-cpghost.

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Re: free sco unix

[C. P. Ghost]

On Sat, Jun 18, 2011 at 3:36 PM, Robert Bonomi  wrote:
>
>> From cpgh...@cordula.ws  Sat Jun 18 08:28:25 2011
>> Date: Sat, 18 Jun 2011 15:28:24 +0200
>> Subject: Re: free sco unix
>> From: "C. P. Ghost" 
>> To: Robert Bonomi 
>> Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org
>>
>> On Sat, Jun 18, 2011 at 12:02 AM, Robert Bonomi
>>  wrote:
>> > I'ts _MUCH_ simpler, to just sign and date a copy of the work, and have a
>> > notary public 'witness' the signature.
>>
>> True.
>>
>> Without the service of a public registry of copyrighted works that (I think)
>> only the US offers, and when you need a legally binding "official stamp" of
>> some sort, you can go to a registered public notary. They're mildly expensive
>> though; certainly a lot more expensive than the US Copyright Office fees.
>
> 'Male bovine excrement' applies.
>
> U.S. Copyright Office registration is an absolute minimum of $25-30, and can
> run over $100.
>
> Typical fee, in the U.S., for a notary public witnessing a signature is $1.
> And many facilities, such as banks, will perform the service for _NO_COST_
> for their customers.

Outside the US, it's quite different. A public notary's fees run in the hundreds
of dollars, but it's usually a flat fee... while public copy
certifications are around
$1-$2 per page, unless when required by law and statues. Banks are private
institutions there, and they are not entitled to legally certify
non-banking stuff.
In some countries, you could go to the post office though, but here too, the fee
usually applies per page.

The problem with per-page fees is when you have many pages (like a book,
or say, a printout of your code) that you want to certify. Unless you go to a
notary and pay the according fee for them to KEEP (a copy of) the book in
their office and/or certify EVERY page or be prepared to witness for each and
every page (!), all you get is the certification of a couple of pages, and that
could be insufficiant in some cases (e.g. in the case of program source code).

That's why IMHO, the fees of the US Copyright Office are STILL way lower
than what you'd have to pay elsewhere to get a similar certification.

-cpghost.

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Re: free sco unix

[C. P. Ghost]

On Sat, Jun 18, 2011 at 12:02 AM, Robert Bonomi
 wrote:
> I'ts _MUCH_ simpler, to just sign and date a copy of the work, and have a
> notary public 'witness' the signature.

True.

Without the service of a public registry of copyrighted works that (I think)
only the US offers, and when you need a legally binding "official stamp" of
some sort, you can go to a registered public notary. They're mildly expensive
though; certainly a lot more expensive than the US Copyright Office fees.

But if your work doesn't consist of too many pages, you can also get a
dated and signed stamp on each one at your local city hall / administration.
They call that kind of service a "certified copy" or "copy certification."
Bear in mind though, that each page of your work has to be stamped, and
the fee paid for extra. For small page counts, that's okay, but try this with
a 1,000 pages work, and you'll quickly find out that it's less expensive to
use a public notary, even though they charge more.

Actually, it's a shame that other countries DON'T offer the ease of official
copyright registration (for a comparatively low fee) like the US does with
the Copyright Office. That's one of the things the US did right (irrespective
of what we think of the benefits and evils of Copyright law in general and
their endless extensions towards perpetual copyright in particular).

-cpghost.

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Re: OT: printer, our cups port, and is-there-a-generic-laser?

[C. P. Ghost]

On Thu, Jun 16, 2011 at 8:28 AM, Gary Kline  wrote:
>
> we had a power out here this morning and besides it costing most of
> my day, it blew out my Brother laser printer.  i just got it working
> FINALLY with our cups stuff.  don't asked me how; other than i was
> using our olden lpr/lpd and had /etc/printcap.
>
> is there a laser other than the brother {tm}?  i mean, that the
> members of this org would go for?

At home, I'm using an HP LaserJet 1320 over USB on FreeBSD
with CUPS. I understand that the networked version would be
even easier to install and use, but the 1320 was what I got, and
it's okay for light non-commercial use. Of course, with native
Postscript support (I've upgraded the RAM on the unit so that
it prints very complex graphics faster, but that's not strictly
necessary).

BTW, I fully agree with Polytropon: those old HP LaserJet 4000s
are absolutely GREAT, even if used. It's a shame that they don't
make 'em anymore: they were simply too good and didn't comply
with the current standard of crappiness, cheap plastics and badly
engineered trays etc... so obviously, they had to go. :-(

-cpghost.

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Re: Long Day's Journey into

[C. P. Ghost]

On Thu, Jun 9, 2011 at 5:53 AM, Chad Perrin  wrote:
> On Wed, Jun 08, 2011 at 05:56:59PM -0700, Gary Kline wrote:
>>
>> I'm still bringing back the dozens of things I removed from ethic.
>> And testing new ideas.  But I have a general question: have any of
>> you wizards who run your own domains or otherwise use a switch [or
>> hub] *ever* had it just-quit?!  It is solid-state.  Yes, the box is
>> within my feet/foot reach.  I have accidently kicked it i suppose,
>> but still.
>
> I think I've just had ports die one by one on a switch until it no longer
> worked.  I don't think I've ever had the whole thing go poof for no
> evident reason.

Same here... a lot of times.

My last experience with a dying port on a switch was a few days ago
while JumpStart-ing Solaris via OBP. The process hung everywhere
from RARP, BOOTP, TFTP and NFS... until we figured out the port
on the switch was slowly dying.

Funny thing was that this problem was masked by TCP's error correction
mechanisms for quite some time and became only critical with UDP: the
TCP connections were slow as hell, but since the machine wasn't used for
high throughput anyway, the local junior admin assumed it was some kind
of software/hardware error on the host. She saw the many input errors (Ierrs)
in netstat -i, but didn't know what to do about them. ;-)

So yes, switches rarely stop altogether, the ports usually degrade, one
by one.

> Chad Perrin [ original content licensed OWL: http://owl.apotheon.org ]

-cpghost.

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Re: Filename containing French characters ?

[C. P. Ghost]

On Mon, May 23, 2011 at 5:50 PM, Modulok  wrote:
> Short answer, use a glob pattern. Assume I have a file named 'à fichier.txt':

(...)

Very good hints indeed.

I once had a directory full of files with strange characters, so I wrote a
little program that replaced every non-ascii char in a filename with its
hex-encoding (like this: "Hello%20World%21", % escape char), so
I could manipulate them with the shell. As long as the expanded
filenames didn't hit the MAXNAMELEN limit in , it
worked perfectly.

I could dig this C program out of old archives, but I guess that it is
faster to rewrite it on the fly, or even script it with sh(1), tr(1), awk(1),
and find(1)... ;-)

Alternatively to such a run-once-in-a-while program, I could also
imagine a file system layer on top of existing file systems that
would do this conversion automatically, but that's harder to code,
and harder to debug (kernel mode!).

-cpghost.

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Re: x11-wm/olvwm

[C. P. Ghost]

On Tue, May 24, 2011 at 3:53 PM,   wrote:
> Hello,
>
> I have updated ports and when reinstalling I found x11-wm/olvwm which I was
> using was gone from the ports tree.  Why?

I noticed that too, and was bit by that change as well.
Since I love the olvwm look and feel, I'm sad to see
it go from the FreeBSD ports collection.

% grep olvwm /usr/ports/MOVED
x11-wm/olvwm||2011-05-01|Has expired: Upstream disapear and distfile
is no more available

I think we could resurrect this port, using the last available
distfile, which fortunately is still with us:

ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/distfiles/olvwm4.tar.Z

There are also two patches there:

ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/distfiles/olvwm4.Patch01.Z
ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/distfiles/olvwm4.Patch02.Z

Unfortunately, I don't know where the old port files have
gone. We *REALLY* should consider moving dead ports to
a separate subdirectory hierarchy (such as /usr/ports/.deadports
or some such), so people interested in resurrecting old ports
could have a look. Just letting then disappear silently is rude
und unnecessary, but that's just IMHO.

> Best regards,
> Fred

Regards,
-cpghost.

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Re: Skyip? question

[C. P. Ghost]

On Thu, May 12, 2011 at 9:04 PM, Matthias Apitz  wrote:
> El día Thursday, May 12, 2011 a las 08:22:42PM +0200, C. P. Ghost escribió:
>
>> Check out Ekiga: /usr/ports/net/ekiga3
>>
>> It is pretty good, as long as you can get your friends to use it too
>> (or any other SIP- or H323-based softphone). BTW, it does video
>> too, though I've never tried that since I don't have a webcam and
>> I don't know the status of multimedia/webcamd on FreeBSD.
>> ...
>
> multimedia/webcamd works fine in 8-stable and HEAD (I'm using HEAD); a
> list of supported webcams in FreeBSD and what you need or what should
> work rises up here:
>
> http://wiki.freebsd.org/WebcamCompat

Ah, great, thank you for the hint!

Have you tried a webcam with Ekiga?

> Concerning the discussion about Skype and M$, please move it off-list;
> thanks in advance
>
>        matthias

Thanks
-cpghost.

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Re: Skyip? question

[C. P. Ghost]

On Thu, May 12, 2011 at 2:20 AM, Gary Kline  wrote:
> (How hard/easy woold be be to hack out a better one...or do GOOG and YHOO
> already have their own versions of skyip?)

Check out Ekiga: /usr/ports/net/ekiga3

It is pretty good, as long as you can get your friends to use it too
(or any other SIP- or H323-based softphone). BTW, it does video
too, though I've never tried that since I don't have a webcam and
I don't know the status of multimedia/webcamd on FreeBSD.

Just give it a try, and you'll probably like it -- as long as you can
fiddle around with selecting the right audio channels and setting
mixer correctly. ;-)

-cpghost.

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Re: start X in background without it taking over the console?

[C. P. Ghost]

On Wed, May 11, 2011 at 7:21 AM, Chris Telting
 wrote:
> I know this isn't strictly a Freebsd question.
>
> I want to start up X in the background without it taking over the console.
>  I want to switch over to it manually when I press alt-F9.

Why not start if from another terminal? Say, press alt-F2, login there,
and then startx. Then, alt-F1 remains free.

Or perhaps use x11-servers/xorg-vfbserver.

-cpghost.

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Re: Sending a Fax

[C. P. Ghost]

On Sat, May 7, 2011 at 4:30 PM, Bill Tillman  wrote:
> I knew this thread would bring up some ironies. For the record it's all in 
> their
> minds. E-Mails have been upheld in the US Court system as legal documents.

Maybe. But as soon as you have to interact with non-US companies or
administrations, you'll have to revert to fax, because in their legislations,
that's the only legally binding document in addition to real letters.

> IMHO...Faxing is so last century.

Yes, but that's the way the world is. Not everyone has transitioned to
authenticated e-mails. Most legal systems didn't, for some very good
security reasons. At least, I'm relieved that we don't have to fall back
to an even older technology than fax: telex (anyone remember that?)

-cpghost.

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Re: Password theft from memory?

[C. P. Ghost]

On Wed, Apr 27, 2011 at 9:24 PM, Modulok  wrote:
> I know that each process has its own private memory segment, but after a
> process exits, it nolonger owns that memory. What happens to it? If it's not
> zeroed out by my process, and it doesn't turn into pixie food, and it's not
> zeroed out by malloc... it still exists somewhere.

If I understand this correctly, when a process exits, the kernel reclaims its
address space and inserts it into its own address space (i.e. in a free list).
At this point, the pages are NOT (yet) zeroed out, they're merely detached
from the exiting process and attached to the kernel's free list.

Optionally, they may be zeroed in some time in the future, when a special
kernel thread pre-zeroes some pages there for faster allocation later.

In any case, when a new process starts and tries to mmap(2) those pages,
the kernel VM will lazily zero them out one by one upon first access by the
process.

So, unless you access /dev/kmem to read virtual kernel memory directly,
you have NO way of getting access to the old data, even when it is not
yet zeroed. And as long as the permissions on /dev/kmem are sensibly
set, only privileged processes could access kernel virtual memory.

Coming to think of it, there's another exception besides /dev/kmem: a kernel
module runs with kernel privileges, and has access to the pages (of all
processes, and of the kernel including those on the free list). But this is
to be expected: a KLD becomes a part of the kernel when loaded.

> Maybe this would be best on hackers?
> -Modulok-

-cpghost.

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Re: Suddenly lots processes exits signal 11 (core dumped)

[C. P. Ghost]

On Tue, Apr 26, 2011 at 4:02 PM, Mikael Bak  wrote:
> Hi list,
>
> I have a system running FreeBSD 7.3. Its main function is running
> Postfix SMTP server and a few perl based content filters. Nothing exotic
> really.
>
> It has been nicely up and running approx 150 days when it suddenly
> starts behaving very strange.
>
> First I noticed a converter script failing. It is basically a small
> shell script that converts a quite big file replacing a few words using
> sed. The output is mostly damaged.
>
> Another problem is that lots of processes exits signal 11 (core dumped).
> And I need to restart them by hand. See dmesg output below.
>
> I know I don't give you guys much to go on. I just want to know it it's
> possible to find out somehow if some hardware is failing and must be
> changed.
>
> My first thought was overheating. But my collegue went to the site and
> he said the hardware is not hot at all.

If you didn't update the OS or the apps, it is almost certainly hardware-
related. Probably a bad PSU, or bad RAM. The box doesn't have to
overheat when one of those are degraded.

-cpghost.

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Re: Password theft from memory?

[C. P. Ghost]

On Tue, Apr 26, 2011 at 11:41 AM, RW  wrote:
>> The above quote states that the memory not occupied by the remapped
>> object is zero filled. Which is to say that memory allocated by mmap()
>> is either filled with new data or filled with zeros.
>
> In context it says:
>
>     "If len is not a multiple of the page-size, the mapped region may
>     extend past the specified range.  Any such extension beyond the
>     end of the mapped object will be zero-filled."
>
> To me the most straightforward reading of that is that it's referring
> to non-aligned address ranges.
>
> Your interpretation may well be the intended one, but where would that
> leave the anonymous mappings used by malloc? Are we to think of them as
> extensions beyond a non-existent mapped object, and thus infer that they
> are zero-filled? It's a bit of a stretch from what's written.

While it's not a *proof*, you could always do a little bit of black box
testing.

1, So how about a little C program scanner.c that allocates a huge heap
via mmap(2)'s malloc(3) backend, and crawls that buffer, looking for
the first non-zero byte? If we always get zero-filled pages, you shouldn't
find any non-zero bytes there.

2. For good measure, another program filler.c could fill a huge heap with
a particular easily recognizable pattern (say something like 0xdeadbeef),
and exit; and then, scanner.c could not only check for non-zero byes, but
also for that particular pattern.

-cpghost.

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Re: Password theft from memory?

[C. P. Ghost]

On Mon, Apr 25, 2011 at 5:15 PM, Bob Hall  wrote:
> On Mon, Apr 25, 2011 at 03:18:46PM +0100, RW wrote:
>> I don't believe the heap is allocated zeroed pages.  The kernel
>> does allocate such pages to the BSS segment, but that's because it
>> holds zeroed data such as C static variables.
>
> According to McKusick and Neville-Neil's book on FreeBSD, sbrk extends
> the uninitialized data segment with zero-filled pages. Since malloc() is
> an interface to sbrk, it does the same thing.

True, except that malloc(3) now uses both sbrk(2) and mmap(2) allocators,
depending on the user-settable flags in /etc/malloc.conf, MALLOC_OPTIONS
and the global variable _malloc_options. So you have to look into mmap(2)
too.

-cpghost.

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Re: Password theft from memory?

[C. P. Ghost]

On Sun, Apr 24, 2011 at 7:10 PM, Modulok  wrote:
> I don't know if this is a problem on FreeBSD...
>
> Process A requests memory.
> Process A Stores a plaintext password in memory or other sensitive data.
> Process A terminates and the memory is reclaimed by kernel.
>
> Process B requests a *huge* chunk of memory.
> Process B crawls the uninitialized memory, looking for ProcessA's previously
> stored password.
>
> Does anyone know if this is even possible on FreeBSD?

Please correct me if I'm wrong (I didn't check the sources), but...

short answer: it shouldn't happen, because pages allocated to a new process
are zero-filled by the kernel (lazily via zero-fill page faults when
process B crawls
the memory the first time).

On the other hand, I'm not sure if the pass phrase would be visible
via /dev/kmem
before those pages are actually zero-filled by the new process. Must check the
source for exit(2).

> Thanks!
> -Modulok-

-cpghost.

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Re: Purchased Binaries

[C. P. Ghost]

On Fri, Mar 4, 2011 at 10:24 PM, Doug Hardie  wrote:
> Any chance those binaries might work on FreeBSD?

It depends. If they don't use too many linuxisms (stuff that is only
present in Linux but not on other Unices), they might work on FreeBSD's
Linuxulator. Just give it a try. Your binaries MIGHT work out of the box.
Install the appropriate linux-* ports and kldload the linux.ko kernel module.

However, if they require (and provide) a custom Linux kernel driver
module to complement their userland program, you're out of luck...
unless you choose to run it in a virtualized environment... say, like
a CentOS guest in a VirtualBox running on a FreeBSD host.

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Re: qmail or postfix?

[C. P. Ghost]

On Tue, Feb 1, 2011 at 9:44 PM, Paul Macdonald  wrote:
> On 01/02/2011 19:48, Randal L. Schwartz wrote:
>>
>> No, seriously... I was using sendmail before discovering postfix, and
>> pretty darn good at m4.  Or is that m4()dnl()? :)
>>
>> But I've never found postfix without a knob to do something I want it to
>> do, and most of the knobs are set properly right out of the box. (And
>> reasonably named too!)
>>
> so for us folks still using sendmail (which works fine for me)
>
> what benefits do we get with postfix that'd outweigh the hassles of
> changing?

sendmail's support of a UUCP backend maybe? But apparently, it's
possible to do that in postfix too[1] so I don't really know of any
compelling reason to stick to sendmail, except for being accustomed
to configuring and managing it, which is a purely subjective matter.

[1]: http://www.postfix.org/UUCP_README.html

-cpghost.

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Re: Emulators to test non-x86 FreeBSD ports?

[C. P. Ghost]

On Fri, Jan 28, 2011 at 7:56 PM, David Brodbeck  wrote:
> On Fri, Jan 28, 2011 at 9:27 AM, C. P. Ghost  wrote:
>> Hello list,
>>
>> are there any emulators out there that can run the non-x86 versions of 
>> FreeBSD
>> on a FreeBSD/i386 or FreeBSD/amd64 host?
>>
>> I'm especially interested in trying FreeBSD/sparc64 port, but I'd also like 
>> to
>> test the FreeBSD/powerpc and the FreeBSD/arm ports on an emulator, before
>> seeking real hardware.
>
> QEMU claims PowerPC and ARM emulation support, but I don't know if
> it's good enough to run FreeBSD.  PearPC is another PowerPC emulator,
> but it was mainly targeted at running MacOS and the project appears to
> have been stagnant since 2005.

I'll check it out, thanks.

> It depends a bit on what you're trying to determine.  If you're
> looking to test stability or performance, the results you get from an
> emulator are unlikely to have any real comparison to what you get on
> real hardware.

Basically, I'm interested in assembly language programming on those
platforms. So if they ran in an emulator, that would be ideal, but I wouldn't
mind a couple of real hardware boxes if there's no software alternative.

BTW, have you guys any experience with emulators/gxemul? It doesn't
cover sparc but claims to implement a complete arm and powerpc
machine, at least for the corresponding netbsd ports.

Thanks,
-cpghost.

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Re: Emulators to test non-x86 FreeBSD ports?

[C. P. Ghost]

On Fri, Jan 28, 2011 at 7:43 PM, Robert Bonomi  wrote:
>> From owner-freebsd-questi...@freebsd.org  Fri Jan 28 11:37:00 2011
>> Date: Fri, 28 Jan 2011 18:27:35 +0100
>> From: "C. P. Ghost" 
>> To: FreeBSD Mailing List 
>> Subject: Emulators to test non-x86 FreeBSD ports?
>>
>> Hello list,
>>
>> are there any emulators out there that can run the non-x86 versions of
>> FreeBSD on a FreeBSD/i386 or FreeBSD/amd64 host?
>
> Such things, by definition, are a 'simulator', not an 'emulator'.  They
> exist, they are *pricey* (think "5 figures", left of the decimal point)
> and they are =SLOW= (very, VERY slow!) compared to the real hardware.

Okay, let it be a simulator then. ;) I don't care that they're slow
(I know how emulators work under the hood). As I've used Bochs
on SPARC back then to run x86 OS, it was slow too, but that
didn't matter either.

The only multiplatform simulators I've seen right now belong
to the qemu family:

/usr/local/bin/qemu /usr/local/bin/qemu-system-mipsel
/usr/local/bin/qemu-img /usr/local/bin/qemu-system-ppc
/usr/local/bin/qemu-system-arm  /usr/local/bin/qemu-system-ppc64
/usr/local/bin/qemu-system-cris /usr/local/bin/qemu-system-ppcemb
/usr/local/bin/qemu-system-m68k /usr/local/bin/qemu-system-sh4
/usr/local/bin/qemu-system-microblaze   /usr/local/bin/qemu-system-sh4eb
/usr/local/bin/qemu-system-mips /usr/local/bin/qemu-system-sparc
/usr/local/bin/qemu-system-mips64   /usr/local/bin/qemu-system-sparc64
/usr/local/bin/qemu-system-mips64el /usr/local/bin/qemu-system-x86_64

But they don't emulate enough of a real system to run
the FreeBSD ports, AFAICT. That's why I'm asking for
other (more specialized?) emulators/simulators.

>> I'm especially interested in trying FreeBSD/sparc64 port, but I'd also
>> like to test the FreeBSD/powerpc and the FreeBSD/arm ports on an
>> emulator, before seeking real hardware.
>
> Pick up some low-end used hardware, it's _lots_ cheaper, and will give
> you a better feel for how it works.

Yep, that's always an option.

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Emulators to test non-x86 FreeBSD ports?

[C. P. Ghost]

Hello list,

are there any emulators out there that can run the non-x86 versions of FreeBSD
on a FreeBSD/i386 or FreeBSD/amd64 host?

I'm especially interested in trying FreeBSD/sparc64 port, but I'd also like to
test the FreeBSD/powerpc and the FreeBSD/arm ports on an emulator, before
seeking real hardware.

Oh, and btw, what kind of affordable SPARC-based desktops with newish
SPARC processors (i.e. above UltraSparc IIIi) would you recommend for
testing? I've read this page:
  http://www.freebsd.org/platforms/sparc.html
but I'm at a loss as to what vendor, model etc. to get.

Thanks,
-cpghost.

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Re: Could any port be sucking up bandwidth?

[C. P. Ghost]

On Wed, Jan 26, 2011 at 7:49 AM, Gary Kline  wrote:
> Guys,
>
> Before the 11th of January I was streaming both audio and video
> streams with little to zero wait time.  In other words, I could
> stream about 50 minutes of audio with only a second or two of pause
> time delay [[AKA congestion]].

Try sockstat(1) and watch for other processes' connections.

And remember: sometimes, it's the network provider doing
traffic shaping, i.e. throttling your line based on the kind of
traffic you're generating.

-cpghost.

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Re: a few Last qstns on the wordpress installation....

[C. P. Ghost]

On Fri, Jan 14, 2011 at 10:20 PM, Gary Kline  wrote:
>        I've been trying my level best to keep the sharks'teeth of
>        reality from knocking me too far ever since last Sunday when the
>        murders in Tuscon invaded the news and other parts of life.
>        Then, last night, I learned that a girl on my daughter's
>        cherrleading team had killed herself.  Practice is M/W/F at
>        06:00, so nobody at the high school knew anything until the
>        students were told late yesterday.  My daughter wasn't in a good
>        mood last night so we are all waiting for more news.

Phew, that's horrible news. I hope your daughter is well and coping
with the shock.

>        There are differences between murders and a suicide, but both
>        are tragic events.  ESp'ly when they involve the live s of
>        somebody young.  anyway, since Monday I've been thinking of the
>        title: "Miles to go Before I sleep."

Ah, the one and only Robert Frost! I know too well how you feel.

To lighten up your mood, here's a little variation sometimes
used on answering machines. Last heard on one some 12
years ago, unless memory fails me:

These words are lovely dark and deep,
But I've got promises to keep
And miles to go before I sleep,
So leave a message at the beep.

Now I lay me down to sleep;
Leave a message at the beep.
And if I die before I wake,
Remember to erase the tape.

>        99.999_% of the time i feel too old and useless to be of any use
>        other than to share what level of wisdom I've accumulated over
>        65 years.  figure that if my blog helps a few people, that's a
>        reason for having a monthly entry... or whatever.
>
>        gary

-cpghost.

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Re: Updating glib from 2.24.2 to 2.26.1_1 fails

[C. P. Ghost]

On Mon, Jan 17, 2011 at 7:07 PM, Peter Boosten  wrote:
>
> On 14 dec 2010, at 09:12, Peter Boosten wrote:
>
>> Hi all,
>>
>> In an attempt to update glib on my 8.0-machine, portupgrade stops with
>> this message:
>>
>> 
>>
>> gnome-libtool: compile:  cc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I..
>> -DG_LOG_DOMAIN=\"GLib-GIO\" -I.. -I../glib -I../glib -I.. -I../gmodule
>> -DG_DISABLE_CAST_CHECKS -DG_THREADS_MANDATORY -DG_DISABLE_DEPRECATED
>> -DGIO_COMPILATION -DGIO_MODULE_DIR=\"/usr/local/lib/gio/modules\"
>> -I/usr/local/include -DG_DISABLE_SINGLE_INCLUDES -D_REENTRANT -O -pipe
>> -march=pentiumpro -Wall -MT gzlibcompressor.lo -MD -MP -MF
>> .deps/gzlibcompressor.Tpo -c gzlibcompressor.c  -fPIC -DPIC -o
>> .libs/gzlibcompressor.o
>> gzlibcompressor.c:68: error: expected specifier-qualifier-list before
>> 'gz_header'
>> gzlibcompressor.c: In function 'g_zlib_compressor_set_gzheader':
>> gzlibcompressor.c:80: error: 'GZlibCompressor' has no member named
>> 'file_info'
>> gzlibcompressor.c:83: error: 'GZlibCompressor' has no member named
>> 'gzheader'
>> gzlibcompressor.c:83: error: 'gz_header' undeclared (first use in this
>> function)
>> gzlibcompressor.c:83: error: (Each undeclared identifier is reported
>> only once
>> gzlibcompressor.c:83: error: for each function it appears in.)
>> gzlibcompressor.c:84: error: 'GZlibCompressor' has no member named
>> 'gzheader'
>> gzlibcompressor.c:86: error: 'GZlibCompressor' has no member named
>> 'file_info'
>> gzlibcompressor.c:87: error: 'GZlibCompressor' has no member named
>> 'gzheader'
>> gzlibcompressor.c:88: error: 'GZlibCompressor' has no member named
>> 'gzheader'
>> gzlibcompressor.c:90: error: 'GZlibCompressor' has no member named
>> 'gzheader'
>> gzlibcompressor.c:91: error: 'GZlibCompressor' has no member named
>> 'file_info'
>> gzlibcompressor.c:94: warning: implicit declaration of function
>> 'deflateSetHeader'
>> gzlibcompressor.c:94: error: 'GZlibCompressor' has no member named
>> 'gzheader'
>> gzlibcompressor.c: In function 'g_zlib_compressor_finalize':
>> gzlibcompressor.c:112: error: 'GZlibCompressor' has no member named
>> 'file_info'
>> gzlibcompressor.c:113: error: 'GZlibCompressor' has no member named
>> 'file_info'
>> gzlibcompressor.c: In function 'g_zlib_compressor_get_property':
>> gzlibcompressor.c:171: error: 'GZlibCompressor' has no member named
>> 'file_info'
>> gzlibcompressor.c: In function 'g_zlib_compressor_get_file_info':
>> gzlibcompressor.c:310: error: 'GZlibCompressor' has no member named
>> 'file_info'
>> gzlibcompressor.c: In function 'g_zlib_compressor_set_file_info':
>> gzlibcompressor.c:335: error: 'GZlibCompressor' has no member named
>> 'file_info'
>> gzlibcompressor.c:338: error: 'GZlibCompressor' has no member named
>> 'file_info'
>> gzlibcompressor.c:339: error: 'GZlibCompressor' has no member named
>> 'file_info'
>> gzlibcompressor.c:342: error: 'GZlibCompressor' has no member named
>> 'file_info'
>> gmake[4]: *** [gzlibcompressor.lo] Error 1
>> gmake[4]: Leaving directory `/usr/ports/devel/glib20/work/glib-2.26.1/gio'
>> gmake[3]: *** [all-recursive] Error 1
>> gmake[3]: Leaving directory `/usr/ports/devel/glib20/work/glib-2.26.1/gio'
>> gmake[2]: *** [all] Error 2
>> gmake[2]: Leaving directory `/usr/ports/devel/glib20/work/glib-2.26.1/gio'
>> gmake[1]: *** [all-recursive] Error 1
>> gmake[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/ports/devel/glib20/work/glib-2.26.1'
>> gmake: *** [all] Error 2
>> *** Error code 1
>>
>> Stop in /usr/ports/devel/glib20.
>> *** Error code 1
>>
>> Stop in /usr/ports/devel/glib20.
>> ** Command failed [exit code 1]: /usr/bin/script -qa
>> /tmp/portupgrade20101213-34478-1rabaqj-0 env UPGRADE_TOOL=portupgrade
>> UPGRADE_PORT=glib-2.24.2 UPGRADE_PORT_VER=2.24.2 make
>> ** Fix the problem and try again.
>> ** Listing the failed packages (-:ignored / *:skipped / !:failed)
>>        ! devel/glib20 (glib-2.24.2)    (compiler error)
>>
>> 
>>
>> Anyone know how to solve this issue?
>
> Still having problems getting this done, and now it gets worse, since it's 
> harder and harder to update ports depending on glib.
>
> Someone suggested offlist to install the zlib.h from version 1.2.5, however 
> that didn't work either.
>
> Am I really the only one having this problem (or using glib :-) )?
>
> help...

Just guessing: have you missed the following entries in
/usr/ports/UPDATING and messed up your environment?

20101208:
  AFFECTS: autotools
  AUTHOR: autoto...@freebsd.org

  Another stage in the autotools cleanup that reduces tree churn whilst
  updating components, a number of ports have now moved to non-versioned
  locations since there is now only the concept of legacy and current
  versions.

  # portmaster -o devel/autoconf devel/autoconf268
  # portmaster -o devel/automake devel/automake111
  # portmaster -o devel/libtool devel/libtool22
  # portmaster -o devel/libltdl devel/libltdl22

  substitute 'portupgrade' for 'portmaster' accordingly if that's your
  your upgrade tool of choice.

20101204:
  AFFECTS: aut

Re: Inappropriate ioctl for device

[C. P. Ghost]

On Fri, Dec 24, 2010 at 11:21 AM, Mohammad Hedayati
 wrote:
> I'm writing a simple char device. So far everything went so good
> (read/write), but here I'm going to add support for ioctl.
>
> int
> ioctl(struct cdev *dev, u_long cmd, caddr_t data, int flags, struct thread 
> *td)
> {
>      int error = 0;
>      uprintf("Here...\n");
>      return(error);
> }
> and I'm calling it here:
>
> len = ioctl(cd, 0);
> perror("ioctl");
>
> but when runnig it says:
>
> ioctl: Inappropriate ioctl for device

Just a wild guess: are you sure you've hooked up your
ioctl() function to the struct cdevsw, i.e. something
like this?

static struct cdevsw yourdevice_cdevsw = {
.d_version =D_VERSION,
.d_read =   yourdevice_read,
.d_write =  yourdevice_write,
.d_ioctl =  yourdevice_ioctl, /* <--- or just ioctl? */
.d_name =   "yourdevice",
};

Perhaps you could ask on freebsd-hackers@ list instead?

> where's the problem?

-cpghost.

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geli(8) and amd(8) working together?

[C. P. Ghost]

Hi,

I'm wondering how to get the most out of geli(8)
encrypted volumes, in combination with something
like amd(8) (but without the overhead of NFS, if at
all possible) that mounts and umounts file systems
only as needed.

Basically, I'd like to mount a geli volume on demand
(e.g. via amd), but when amd umounts the volume for
lack of activity after some time, the geli provider should
also "forget" (overwrite in RAM) the key, i.e. detach itself
from the underlying geom provider.

When amd tries to mount the geli volume again, geli should
then ask for the key again (e.g. on the console).

The idea is to protect geli encrypted partitions that
are idle, so that even if the box is compromized and the
power is maintained (somehow), encrypted partition(s)
would still require a key after being idle for some time.

Any way or ideas how to implement this?

Thanks,
-cpghost.

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Re: ZFS License and Future

[C. P. Ghost]

On Mon, Nov 8, 2010 at 7:38 PM, Roland Smith  wrote:
> On Mon, Nov 08, 2010 at 05:08:33PM +0100, Svein Skogen (Listmail account) 
> wrote:
>> But it's still not capable of true forward-error-correction. If we are
>> to embark upon creating a new solution, using something that is cheap
>> for "normal cases" but can still be used (albeit more expensively) for
>> error recovery would (imho) be better. Even if that means we get less
>> net storage out of the gross pool (it could perhaps be configurable?)
>
> I'm not sure what you mean by "true forward-error-correction". But if you want
> to make _really sure_ that a spinning disk hasn't mangled the data you should:

Maybe something like Reed-Solomon ECC in different blocks.
Should a data block go bad, it could be rebuilt on-the-fly from
those ECC blocks:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reed%E2%80%93Solomon_error_correction
http://www.eccpage.com/

-cpghost.

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Re: [2nd try] OpenGL 3.3 and 4.0/4.1 for FreeBSD?

[C. P. Ghost]

On Sun, Nov 7, 2010 at 3:46 AM, Chris Brennan  wrote:
> On Sat, Nov 6, 2010 at 7:34 PM, C. P. Ghost  wrote:
>>
>> Sorry to repeat my question:
>>
>>
>> http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-questions/2010-November/223379.html
>>
>> but I got no replies at all.
>>
>> Anyone with accelerated 3D on FreeBSD out there using
>> binary drivers and the new OpenGL APIs? Some practical
>> recommendations as to GPUs and drivers? Pointers? Hints?
>>
>> TIA,
>> -cpghost.
>
> I'm using the binary driver (out of ports) for my nVidia chipset video card,
> works fine so far, but I am not doing anything fancy yet.

Ah, thank you. Good to know. Did you try something 3D, or just
the usual 2D stuff (e.g. dri/drm etc...)? It's 3D acceleration I'm
interested in, particular the new OpenGL APIs -- and with a bit
of luck, CUDA and/or OpenCL stuff as well.

Thanks,
-cpghost.

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Re: FreeBSD as a xen host

[C. P. Ghost]

On Sun, Nov 7, 2010 at 1:54 PM, Tim Dunphy  wrote:
> Hello,
>
>  I am attempting to turn my two FreeBSD hosts into xen hosts that can
> run some vms. I am using this guide:
>
> http://wiki.freebsd.org/FreeBSD/Xen
>
> I get down to this step:
>
> cd xen-3.3-testing.hg ; make world && make install
>
> and it fails to build:
>
> [r...@lbsd2:/tmp/xen-3.2-testing.hg]#make world && make install
> "Makefile", line 9: Need an operator
> "Config.mk", line 12: Missing dependency operator
> "Config.mk", line 14: Need an operator
> "Config.mk", line 31: Could not find /config/.mk
> "Config.mk", line 32: Could not find /config/.mk
> "Config.mk", line 34: Missing dependency operator
> "Config.mk", line 37: Need an operator
> "Config.mk", line 53: Need an operator
> Error expanding embedded variable.

Just guessing: it looks like you need to use gmake instead of make.

> Does anyone have any advice on how to get this to work?
>
> thanks!

-cpghost.

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[2nd try] OpenGL 3.3 and 4.0/4.1 for FreeBSD?

[C. P. Ghost]

Sorry to repeat my question:

http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-questions/2010-November/223379.html

but I got no replies at all.

Anyone with accelerated 3D on FreeBSD out there using
binary drivers and the new OpenGL APIs? Some practical
recommendations as to GPUs and drivers? Pointers? Hints?

TIA,
-cpghost.

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Re: ZFS License and Future

[C. P. Ghost]

On Fri, Nov 5, 2010 at 11:19 PM, Alejandro Imass  wrote:
> So, my inquiry to this community is: should we really be promoting the
> use of ZFS directly by putting it on the FBSD handbook? Maybe it
> should go on a different document, and make it really optional. MySQL
> is another example, and Open Office, and to top it off BDB. Yes, it's
> "Oracle Berkeley DB" - are we as a community continue to allow, and
> worse yet promote, this trend?

First of all, FreeBSD devs are putting ZFS in  the source tree, not just
in the handbook. Then, what's being put there is under the CDDL. Should
Oracle change the license for subsequent releases of ZFS in a way
unacceptable to us, FreeBSD's ZFS will either stagnate and rot, or
it will get developed independently in FreeBSD (and perhaps in IllumOS?)
along a different path, a.k.a. a fork.

This leaves us the problem of patents... and here we're always on slippery
grounds, especially in the few countries in the world where software
is patentable at all. But this is a general problem, not limited to ZFS.

> Anyway, I'm not going to use it any more. I think that we have to
> raise awareness to Companies that create Open Source not sell
> themselves out to these vicious looters. Or at least have the decency
> to release one final version under a license that will allow the
> communities to continue development and keeping the software really
> open.

Again, you're free to use UFS (or any other file system) instead. In many
cases, UFS is also a better choice. But those who opt to use ZFS should
still be able to do so. Should things go horribly wrong in the future (and
with Oracle's bad behaviour towards the OpenSolaris community, there
are reasons to be skeptical), copying data back to UFS shouldn't be such
a big problem, right?

> Best,
> Alejandro Imass

-cpghost.

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Re: ZFS License and Future

[C. P. Ghost]

On Fri, Nov 5, 2010 at 8:14 PM, Alejandro Imass  wrote:
> Maybe I should go back to UFS, CCD, GEOM, etc. instead of continuing
> to support f***ing Oracle. ZFS was honestly very easy and seemed very
> reliable and fast, but I would like the opinion and position of people
> here on ZFS before I continue using it.

Technically, as long as Oracle keeps supplying the source code
for versions of ZFS above v28 (no matter how long it takes, i.e. maybe
after releasing Solaris 11 (?)) under the CDDL, we should have no
problems using that code in FreeBSD.

Just note that FreeBSD is not yet at ZFS v28, though it seems there's a
patch for that [*], and we can hope to see it integrated when it is ready.

As a matter of taste, you're free to use whatever file system you like.

> Many thanks,
> Alejandro Imass

[*] http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2010-August/019541.html

Regards,
-cpghost.

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OpenGL 3.3 and 4.0/4.1 for FreeBSD?

[C. P. Ghost]

Hi,

I'd like to write some 3D programs with OpenGL 3.3 and OpenGL 4.0/4.1
API on FreeBSD, but I wonder which GPUs are supported at all, and which
are well supported with stable drivers (on FreeBSD/i386 and FreeBSD/amd64).

I know that MesaGL is still at OpenGL 2.1 level, so a proprietary closed
binary blob driver + libs are needed to get 3.3 and 4.0/4.1 APIs, right?
Do they have to be installed manually, or are there ports that are up to
date and regularly updated? How painful is the experience?

Which (GPU, driver) pair works best? I have no problems getting a new
GPU, as long as it is definitely well supported on i386 and on amd64.

Oh, while we're at it, I'm also interested in stuff like OpenCL and CUDA,
so I guess I'll probably need nVidia hardware more than AMD/ATI atm...

TIA,
-cpghost.

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Re: concerning flash under freebsd

[C. P. Ghost]

On Tue, Oct 5, 2010 at 7:40 PM, Harald Weis  wrote:
> On Wed, Jun 16, 2010 at 03:04:00PM +0200, C. P. Ghost wrote:
>> On Wed, Jun 16, 2010 at 12:11 AM, Programmer in Training
>>  wrote:
>> > I will tell Adobe to provide a FreeBSD-native release, though it would be
>> > nice to know I won't be the only one. I'm actually going right now to do 
>> > so.
>>
>> Good luck with that. Adobe doesn't care about FreeBSD. Never did,
>> and probably never will. They don't even care about 64-bit Linux users...
>>
>> If you absolutely need Flash on FreeBSD, I'd suggest you install
>> VirtualBox, and inside VirtualBox a Flash-supported OS, like
>> OpenSolaris (that's what I do when I absolutely need Flash support).
>>
>> It's not the cleanest solution, but at least, I don't have to clutter
>> my FreeBSD system with A LOT of Linux dependencies just to
>> get a barely working Flash.
>>
>> -cpghost.
>
> I followed your advice when I discovered your message.
> No problem to install the opensolaris guest and the flash player.
> Video seems okay, but there is no sound and I cannot find out why.
> Needless to say that audio works fine on the host which is still on
> 8.0-RELEASE-p4 for the time being. I can't imagine that this
> could be the reason.

Yes, I remember there was a sound problem with the last official
release of OpenSolaris (2009.06). But this was not related to
VirtualBox, it was a configuration issue with OpenSolaris itself.
I installed OSS drivers manually in osol, and that fixed the problem
for me.

I guess that updating or installing a newer snv version would help,
even without having to mess around with OSS. The latest snv would
thus be snv_147 on OpenIndiana, but I haven't tested it yet:

http://openindiana.org/download/

Good luck. ;-)

> Thank you in advance for any help.
> Harald Weis

-cpghost.

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Re: GUI Suggested?

[C. P. Ghost]

On Thu, Sep 23, 2010 at 5:29 AM, Jorge Biquez  wrote:
> I was wondering if you can tell suggest me based on yoru experience on what
> path to follow? KDE? any other?

Using fluxbox here for ages (used olvwm, ctwm, and fvwm[2] before. It's low
overhead, very low cpu/disk/memory footprint, very fast and reasonabley easy
to configure and customize.

IMHO, KDE & Gnome are too heavyweight, but that's really a matter of taste
(and adequate hardware).

> Jorge Biquez

Regards,
-cpghost.

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Re: The nightmarish problem of installing a printer

[C. P. Ghost]

On Tue, Sep 21, 2010 at 8:43 PM, Jerry  wrote:
> On Tue, 21 Sep 2010 19:47:27 +0200
> Polytropon  articulated:
>
>> On Tue, 21 Sep 2010 19:36:00 +0200, "C. P. Ghost"
>>  wrote:
>> > > At the moment there was a program (or any other kind of
>> > > facility) that makes Winprinters accessible by *ANY* OS (not
>> > > only FreeBSD, but maybe all BSDs and Linusi and Solaris and
>> > > who knows what else), MICROS~1 would start violently screaming
>> > > as someone is eating from their cake. Keep in mind that
>> > > Winprinters are an important target platform for home users who
>> > > PAY for "Windows" and PAY for a "compatible" printer. They pay
>> > > once every two years or so. MICROS~1 and the printer manufacturers
>> > > can't stand it if one uses their products too long, as long-term
>> > > use does imply NO FURTHER SALES. And now imagine that a user
>> > > can fully use all features of a formerly-Winprinter all-in-one
>> > > ink pee copier scanner fax machine - where would be his need to
>> > > buy a "Windows" to do that as he can now use FreeBSD for free?
>> >
>> > As far as I understand this, Microsoft doesn't manufacture those
>> > winprinters, so why would they screem if those printers were able
>> > to run on other platform too?
>>
>> Very simple: Whenever you are using FreeBSD (or any other operating
>> system that is not "Windows"), you are NOT using "Windows".
>>
>> MICROS~1's monopoly is based upon three pillars: Mind share, usage
>> share, and in conclusion, market share. That again is what matters
>> to printer manufacturers, as they are told the "secret keys" about
>> how to make their printer work on "Windows".
>
> There is no "secret key" mindset involved. Peruse the MSDN and and you
> will find tons of documentation on designing and writing drivers for
> virtually anything you can imagine that is currently available on the
> Window's platform. It is to Microsoft's advantage to have as many
> products as possible operational on their platform. They even have
> specialized forums to answer technical questions regard driver
> development.

That's exactly my point. Their interfaces are NOT closed or secret,
and we could (technically) implement against those interfaces.

>> > You can even see it the other way: for every winprinter manufactured
>> > (or, more precisely, for every windriver sold), Microsoft may get a
>> > fixed share due to patent royalties from the manufacturer. So,
>> > suppose a manufacturer sells more of his winprinters to
>> > BSD/Linux/Solaris/... folks because we had this shim, it would
>> > translate to more patent royalties to Microsoft too.
>
> I have not been able to locate any documentation that that would
> substantiate your claim that Microsoft receives any
> reimbursement/compensation from device manufacturers. Would you please
> post the source of your claim.

I wrote "Microsoft *may* get a fixed share ...", not "Microsoft gets a
fixed share..."
That's an assumption, but probably a safe one, due to the way software patents
work. Maybe they get paid, or maybe not: it's their decision. Details
may (or may
not) be included in the Windows DDK EULAs and associated documents.

>> That's not logical as the package, the shiny box on the shelf that
>> the customer wants, already contains a CD (or today, a DVD) with
>> drivers for "Windows", as this is the PC, and there's nothing else.
>> Users of non-"Windows" operating systems are a niche market that
>> does not persist in the scope of manufacturers. They are happy
>> selling more and more cheap units (than fewer more expensive units).
>> For them and for MICROS~1 it's a win-win situation, as the customer
>> always pays.
>
> Printer manufacturers, or manufacturers of other devices for that
> matter, sell what the public wants. The public in general wants
> inexpensive printers. I can guarantee you that if there were no market
> for it, it would not be offered. I know several users with $50 printers
> that are used only a few time a month or less. Purchasing a more
> expensive unit would not be cost effective. Everyone does not need a
> $2000+ laser printer. Manufacturers are smart enough to fill that niche.

The whole point of winprinters, winmodems etc... is to cut costs for
manufacturers. They save (little) money in silicon, and compensate by
providing a software Ersatz. There's no Microsoft conspiracy there. It&

Re: The nightmarish problem of installing a printer

[C. P. Ghost]

On Tue, Sep 21, 2010 at 5:43 PM, Polytropon  wrote:
> On Tue, 21 Sep 2010 02:42:22 +0200, "C. P. Ghost"  wrote:
>> On Mon, Sep 20, 2010 at 7:16 PM, Robert Bonomi  
>> wrote:
>> Is that really so? How about writing some emulation shim like ndis(4) for
>> winprinters? Please correct me if I'm wrong, as I'm not a Windows systems
>> programmer, but this is what I'm thinking about.
>
> One big problem is that "Windows" doesn't equal "Windows". I had
> customers who intendedly bought some printer, then needed to switch
> to another "Windows", and then found their printer useless as there
> was no specific driver available anymore. Creating compatibility
> layers for printer drivers that do not care about compatibility at
> all is like shooting a moving target. As I am not a "Windows" person,
> I could only imagine that this would be much more difficult than
> printer manufacturers (who sit "at the source") agreeing to simply
> use an existing and documented standard.

So I assume that the binary blobs of those winprinters are different
for different versions of Windows. So there would be two (or three?)
set of interfaces to emulate instead of just one.

>> So, in both cases, we have stable API/ABI interfaces on both sides
>> of the windriver binary blob: 1/, 2/ at the upper half, and 2/ at the bottom
>> half.
>
> I really doubt about a "stable interface", or situations as described
> above wouldn't have happened.

The stable interface is likely tied to one specific Windows release:
say, one for XP and one for Windows 7. Since most winprinters are
supposed to (still) run on XP, they come with an XP windriver blob,
and that's all what matters w.r.t. interface stability.

>> So, if we wanted to use those windriver blobs just like in the ndis(4)
>> case, all we need is an emulation shim for both interfaces. Maybe 1/ is
>> already covered by Wine (?) so we could borrow some code from there;
>> and 2/ is basically a matter of mapping the subset of NT calls needed
>> to read from and write to Windows ports to Unix calls to read and write
>> to our Unix devices.
>
> Keep in mind there are stupid things in the world as patents,
> intelellectual property, licensing fees and copyrighted secret
> codes.

Yes, that's indeed the real problem. A legal, not a technical one.

> At the moment there was a program (or any other kind of
> facility) that makes Winprinters accessible by *ANY* OS (not
> only FreeBSD, but maybe all BSDs and Linusi and Solaris and
> who knows what else), MICROS~1 would start violently screaming
> as someone is eating from their cake. Keep in mind that Winprinters
> are an important target platform for home users who PAY for
> "Windows" and PAY for a "compatible" printer. They pay once
> every two years or so. MICROS~1 and the printer manufacturers
> can't stand it if one uses their products too long, as long-term
> use does imply NO FURTHER SALES. And now imagine that a user
> can fully use all features of a formerly-Winprinter all-in-one
> ink pee copier scanner fax machine - where would be his need to
> buy a "Windows" to do that as he can now use FreeBSD for free?

As far as I understand this, Microsoft doesn't manufacture those
winprinters, so why would they screem if those printers were able
to run on other platform too?

You can even see it the other way: for every winprinter manufactured
(or, more precisely, for every windriver sold), Microsoft may get a
fixed share due to patent royalties from the manufacturer. So, suppose
a manufacturer sells more of his winprinters to BSD/Linux/Solaris/...
folks because we had this shim, it would translate to more patent
royalties to Microsoft too. So it is in Microsoft's interest not only NOT
to kick and scream, but actually to encourage those winprinters
by publishing the needed interfaces. It can only increase sales, and
they will get more kickbacks from those additional sales.

> Of course, this consideration is very far away from any technical
> understanding - as typical for lawpersons who make money from
> bullshit. :-)

That's for sure. ;-)

>> But the basic idea remains: the interfaces on both sides of the
>> windriver binary blobs is pretty stable and (I think) not a secret at all.
>
> In that case, I would ask myself: Why hasn't it been done already?
> If your assumption was right, it would already work. As it currently
> does not work, I would check your assumption. :-)

I don't know why it hasn't been done up to now. After all, this is nothing
but an exercise in mapping one set of interfaces onto another set of
interfaces. We've done this kind of interface matching

Re: The nightmarish problem of installing a printer

[C. P. Ghost]

On Mon, Sep 20, 2010 at 7:16 PM, Robert Bonomi  wrote:
> "Adapting"  MS-Windows print drivers is not 'practical' either.  A windows
> print driver is embedd in the O/S KERNEL,  with _system_ calls_ (not
> mere 'library' routines) that implement the 'device-dependant' rendering
> of layout/formating directions.  One then takes the 'opaque object' so
> produced and sends it (via _another_ set of system calls) to the 'output'
> function of that same driver.

Is that really so? How about writing some emulation shim like ndis(4) for
winprinters? Please correct me if I'm wrong, as I'm not a Windows systems
programmer, but this is what I'm thinking about.

As far as I understand Windows printing, there are two aspects to resolve,
given a vendor supplied windriver binary blob:

1/ the windriver gets some (opaque) data from the GDI+ -- maybe
a bitmap, with some meta data.

2/ the windriver interprets this data however it sees fit, and then talks to
the NT kernel (maybe via DLL calls) to send electrical impulses to the
printer.

Now, the data formats of 1/ (GDI stuff) is probably well defined (and
therefore published) in gdiplus.dll or something similar and is the same
for all windriver blobs. The API/ABI needed to talk to the NT kernel is
probably defined in the Windows DDK (or whatever it is called nowadays).

So, in both cases, we have stable API/ABI interfaces on both sides
of the windriver binary blob: 1/, 2/ at the upper half, and 2/ at the bottom
half.

So, if we wanted to use those windriver blobs just like in the ndis(4)
case, all we need is an emulation shim for both interfaces. Maybe 1/ is
already covered by Wine (?) so we could borrow some code from there;
and 2/ is basically a matter of mapping the subset of NT calls needed
to read from and write to Windows ports to Unix calls to read and write
to our Unix devices.

Again, I'm no Windows programmer, and it is probably more involved
than this. But the basic idea remains: the interfaces on both sides of the
windriver binary blobs is pretty stable and (I think) not a secret at all.

> In the Unix world, printing is handled _externally_ to the kernel. The
> application must have =its=own=means= of deciding what formatting/layout
> commands to use -- it _can't_ query the O/S for this info; the O/S simply
> doesn't have it.

Well, it doesn't matter if the windriver shims run as userland daemon or
(partially) inside the kernel. The point here is that the windriver <-> NT,
and windriver <-> GDI+ interface are both stable and not difficult to
understand, so both can be emulated. At least theoretically. In practice,
it takes some time and effort to get it right, quite obviously.

-cpghost.

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Re: The nightmarish problem of installing a printer

[C. P. Ghost]

On Fri, Sep 17, 2010 at 2:45 AM, Chabane HEMDANI  wrote:
>  I'm computer science teacher at university of Tizi-ouzou in Algeria. I'm
> using FreeBSD since 2007 when I "discover" it by chance when searching in
> the Web something about Linux.
>  Since that date, I always invited and recommended to my students to install
> and use this "magical" and my favorite system.
>
> However, all my students retort me that they have a problem of installing
> their printers. I have so this problem, so I can't tell good-bye
> definitively to winosor and Linux. I always need them for printing.
>
> I've search, read, learn, follow instructions about nearly all the
> web-documentation about installing a new printer to work under cups without
> any success. I've  an HP Laser Jet 1018 printer and tools given by package
> print/hplip don't work correctly.
>
> I'm using FreeBSD 8.1-RELEASE
> I've rebuild a kernel without  ulpt.
> I modified my /etc/rc.conf to enable cupsd and hpiod and  hpssd.
> I modified /etc/devfs.rules like suggested by cups (see pkg_info -D
> cups-base-1.4.4 ).
> I've made many other configurations like that suggested at
> http://diablotins.org/index.php/Imprimer,_hplip
> 
> and finally, I've given to my students the wrong  answer that "no one can
> print under FreeBSD !"

Sometimes, permissions can be the problem:

http://farid.hajji.name/blog/2010/02/02/printing-woes-on-freebsd-8-with-cups/

> Please where is the problem?
> Please help me to help others.
> Please help me to enlarge the FreeBSD users community.

Regards,
-cpghost.

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Re: this is probably a little touchy to ask...

[C. P. Ghost]

On Wed, Sep 15, 2010 at 4:08 PM, Jerry  wrote:
> As per the Mozilla site:
>
> "Starting in Firefox 3.6, you also need the new Java plugin included in
> Java 6 Update 15 and above."
>
> FreeBSD does not supply, nor support as far as I can decipher, that
> version or any of the newer versions, the latest being version 6, update
> 21. Nor, as I stated previously, has anyone stated definitively why.

That's one of the problems w.r.t. Java on FreeBSD:  I had to install
openjdk6, which provides at least this level in order to run all services
that Freenet provides (Freenet runs in degraded mode with java/jdk16,
because that version is too old and contains a big XML-related vulnerability).
But java/openjdk6 works just fine with Freenet and almost any Java program
I could throw at it. I don't know about Firefox 3.6 plugins though.

% java -version
openjdk version "1.6.0"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0-b20)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 17.0-b16, mixed mode)

-cpghost.

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Re: GnuPG not allowing passphrase entry

[C. P. Ghost]

On Wed, Sep 1, 2010 at 2:49 PM,   wrote:
> Ladies and Gentlemen,
>
> I an attempting to decrypt a file using the following command line.
>
> /usr/local/bin/gpg --output /usr/local/scripts/test. --no-default-keyring
> --secret-keyring 09-2010.sec --keyring 09-2010.pub --always-trust
> --decrypt --recipient wed_sep_1_00_01_00_cdt_2...@abc.org
> /usr/local/scripts/test.gpg
>
> When doing so, I receive the following output.
>
> You need a passphrase to unlock the secret key for
> user: "Wed_Sep_1_00_01_00_CDT_2010 (Monthly Archive Encryption Key)
> "
> 1024-bit ELG key, ID E8E5F849, created 2010-09-01 (main key ID 557E7C04)
>
> gpg: cancelled by user
> gpg: encrypted with 1024-bit ELG key, ID E8E5F849, created 2010-09-01
>      "Wed_Sep_1_00_01_00_CDT_2010 (Monthly Archive Encryption Key)
> "
> gpg: public key decryption failed: General error
> gpg: decryption failed: No secret key
>
> While the prompt to enter a passphrase does appear, it is skipped without
> allowing me to enter anything.
>
> gpg-agent is running.  I am running FreeBSD 8.0. My GnuPG version is
> 2.0.14

gpg-agent (and pinentry-*) causes all sorts of trouble. Are you sure all
environment variables are pointing to it when you run gpg (notably
GPG_AGENT_INFO and GPG_TTY)? What about the permissions
of the sockets?

> I have also tried adding the public and secret keys to the default keyring
> and receive the same result.
>
> Thanks for your help.

-cpghost.

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Re: Spontaneous Reboots (I thought it was Virtualbox Kernel Modules)

[C. P. Ghost]

On Tue, Aug 24, 2010 at 7:29 PM, Chris Maness  wrote:
> I have commented out the lines that load kernel modules for
> virtualbox, and made sure they were gone with kldstat. However I am
> still getting VERY infrequent spontaneous reboots. So it is not the
> modules. I am thinking hardware. It has a temperature alarm that
> sounds when it is hot, but since I have cleaned it out I have not had
> any issues with heat. I am thinking bad processor/ram. It is
> behaving the same way before/after the upgraded to the latest release.
> What do you guys think?

Unless you're using ECC RAM, bad RAM should still be #1 on your
watchlist, closely followed by bad PSU. Even RAM that worked fine in
the past can start exhibiting bit errors a few years later (maybe due
to mechanical stress, i.e. vibrations or frequent temperature
differences?) and esp. el cheapo PSUs have the tendency to degrade
over time.

Of course, a software bug may always be possible. Have you tried to
get a core dump? If so, does the error always happen at the same place
(backtrace / bt is your friend)? If the error keeps occurring at
different locations, it's almost always dodgy hardware.

> Regards,
> Chris Maness

-cpghost.

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Re: Customizable wall clock for several time zones

[C. P. Ghost]

On Sun, Aug 22, 2010 at 2:51 AM, C. P. Ghost  wrote:
> On Sun, Aug 22, 2010 at 1:19 AM, Gary Kline  wrote:
>> On Sat, Aug 21, 2010 at 05:52:24AM +0200, Polytropon wrote:
>>> I'm searching for a round-clock style clock application for X,
>>> and I would prefer a standalone program (not integrated with
>>> KDE, Gnome, or else). It should be possible to define several
>>> timezones and attach a label to each clock (which doesn't have
>>> to contain the name of the time zone, but an arbitrary string).
>>>
>>> It should look something like this:
>>>
>>>       []= The clock =X
>>>       |                  |
>>>       |  /  | \    / \  \    /   /\  |
>>>       | |   +- |  |  -+  |  |   +  | |
>>>       |  \/    \/    \__|_/  |
>>>       |   BLAH      MEOW    DOGFOOD! |
>>>       +--+
>>>
>>> Just as bankers and dynamical long-legged success-oriented
>>> group-dependent program managers use them. :-)
>>>
>>> In the ports, I found intclock, but it doesn't have round clocks,
>>> and additionally, it allows to add UTC, and it is shown, but upon
>>> program restart, it complains that "Timezone UTC not defined.".
>>>
>>> There is no need for a GUI configuration tool if the use of a
>>> configuration file is documented, and then just contains the
>>> TZ name and the label per clock, as simple as possible.
>>>
>>> Does such a program already exist?
>>
>>
>>        how about using multiple instantiations of xclock?    i used to have a
>>        script with TZ= zulu, TZ=moscow, TZ=tokyo.
>
> Yes, you can do that and it works like a charm:
>
>  #!/bin/sh
>  # display multiple xclock(1)s side by side
>  for TIMEZONE in ZONE1 ZONE2 ZONE3 ...
>  do
>      env TZ=$TIMEZONE xclock

Obviously, the trailing '&' is missing:

  env TZ=$TIMEZONE xclock &

or you'd get only the first xclock

>  done
>
> (replace ZONE1, ZONE2, ZONE3 with real time zones
> from /usr/share/zoneinfo)
>
> You could even set the xclock(s) nicely side by side by using
> the -geometry flag as in:
>
>  env TZ=$TIMEZONE xclock -geometry "${WIDTH}x${HEIGHT}+${XOFF}+${YOFF}"

Here too, don't forget the trailing '&'

> I suggest to keep WIDTH, HEIGHT and YOFF constant, and
> to increment XOFF by $WIDTH plus some small constant for
> every new timezone (use 'expr' to do arithmetic). This way,
> you get them all arrayed side by side.

-cpghost.

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Re: Customizable wall clock for several time zones

[C. P. Ghost]

On Sun, Aug 22, 2010 at 1:19 AM, Gary Kline  wrote:
> On Sat, Aug 21, 2010 at 05:52:24AM +0200, Polytropon wrote:
>> I'm searching for a round-clock style clock application for X,
>> and I would prefer a standalone program (not integrated with
>> KDE, Gnome, or else). It should be possible to define several
>> timezones and attach a label to each clock (which doesn't have
>> to contain the name of the time zone, but an arbitrary string).
>>
>> It should look something like this:
>>
>>       []= The clock =X
>>       |                  |
>>       |  /  | \    / \  \    /   /\  |
>>       | |   +- |  |  -+  |  |   +  | |
>>       |  \/    \/    \__|_/  |
>>       |   BLAH      MEOW    DOGFOOD! |
>>       +--+
>>
>> Just as bankers and dynamical long-legged success-oriented
>> group-dependent program managers use them. :-)
>>
>> In the ports, I found intclock, but it doesn't have round clocks,
>> and additionally, it allows to add UTC, and it is shown, but upon
>> program restart, it complains that "Timezone UTC not defined.".
>>
>> There is no need for a GUI configuration tool if the use of a
>> configuration file is documented, and then just contains the
>> TZ name and the label per clock, as simple as possible.
>>
>> Does such a program already exist?
>
>
>        how about using multiple instantiations of xclock?    i used to have a
>        script with TZ= zulu, TZ=moscow, TZ=tokyo.

Yes, you can do that and it works like a charm:

  #!/bin/sh
  # display multiple xclock(1)s side by side
  for TIMEZONE in ZONE1 ZONE2 ZONE3 ...
  do
  env TZ=$TIMEZONE xclock
  done

(replace ZONE1, ZONE2, ZONE3 with real time zones
from /usr/share/zoneinfo)

You could even set the xclock(s) nicely side by side by using
the -geometry flag as in:

  env TZ=$TIMEZONE xclock -geometry "${WIDTH}x${HEIGHT}+${XOFF}+${YOFF}"

I suggest to keep WIDTH, HEIGHT and YOFF constant, and
to increment XOFF by $WIDTH plus some small constant for
every new timezone (use 'expr' to do arithmetic). This way,
you get them all arrayed side by side.

-cpghost.

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Re: How to restore a text file from UFS??

[C. P. Ghost]

On Thu, Aug 19, 2010 at 8:07 PM, EforeZZ  wrote:
> I edited my 50Kb /etc/rc.conf, loaded a driver and got a kernel panic!!
> After reboot my /etc/rc.conf is 0 bytes (after automatic background fsck).
> Which tool should I try now to restore any version of my rc.conf?..
> I think data should still be somewhere on the disk

1. Have you looked into /lost+found ?

2. You could try to grep the raw device of the root partition,
searching for known fragments of the old /etc/rc.conf,
and then manually recreate it. But do this fast, before
the now freed blocks are reused and thus overwritten
again. You do have a small separate / partition, right?
Better run the system with / mounted read-only, until
you can find the deleted fragments.

> ;-(

-cpghost.

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Re: Realtek 811c LAN driver avail. on FreeBSD 8.1

[C. P. Ghost]

On Sun, Aug 15, 2010 at 7:33 PM, sg  wrote:
>  I cannot see this listed in the H/W compat. list but I had heard it isn't
> always up to date so thought I'd ask.
>
> Want to build a NAS using FreeBSD/ZFS/Raid-Z on Gigabyte MA-785GT-UD3H base
> but it uses Realtek 8111c Gige LAN H/W.

Using an on-board RealTek 8111C on an MSI K9A2GM-FIH motherboard
here without problems:

dmesg reports:

re0:  port
0xe800-0xe8ff mem 0xfdfff000-0xfdff,0xfdfe-0xfdfe irq 17
at device 0.0 on pci2
re0: Using 1 MSI messages
re0: Chip rev. 0x3c00
re0: MAC rev. 0x
miibus0:  on re0
rgephy0:  PHY 1 on miibus0
rgephy0:  10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, 1000baseT,
1000baseT-FDX, auto

and pciconf -lv:

r...@pci0:2:0:0: class=0x02 card=0x501c1462 chip=0x816810ec rev=0x02 
hdr=0x00
vendor = 'Realtek Semiconductor'
device = 'Gigabit Ethernet NIC(NDIS 6.0) (RTL8168/8111/8111c)'
class  = network
subclass   = ethernet

ifconfig re0's options:

re0: flags=8843 metric 0 mtu 1460
options=389b

> Sean Gillings

-cpghost.

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Re: ok, i give up...

[C. P. Ghost]

On Thu, Jul 29, 2010 at 9:49 PM, Gary Kline  wrote:
> On Wed, Jul 28, 2010 at 10:15:53PM -0400, Glenn Sieb wrote:
>> On 7/28/10 10:04 PM, Gary Kline wrote:
>> > guys, i've been searching for a calender/reminder prog than i had YEARS
>> > ago.  cannot find.
>>
>> http://www.roaringpenguin.com/products/remind
>>
>> Would it be Remind?
>>
>
>        i THOUGHT so, but nope...
>
>        gary

It can only be calendar(1), part of the base system. I was using it
over 25 years ago already and ever since on all kinds of Unices:

http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=calendar&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+8.1-RELEASE&format=html

>  Gary Kline  kl...@thought.org  http://www.thought.org  Public Service Unix
>    The 7.83a release of Jottings: http://jottings.thought.org/index.php
>           http://journey.thought.org  99 44/100% Guaranteed Novel

-cpghost.

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Re: problem with ffmpeg port

[C. P. Ghost]

On Tue, Jul 27, 2010 at 1:07 AM, John Francis Lee  wrote:
> Thanks... I did that and ffmpeg did install!
>
> But...
>
> [...@28amen ~/www/robinlea.com]$ ffmpeg -i introduction.wav introduction.mp3
> FFmpeg version 0.6, Copyright (c) 2000-2010 the FFmpeg developers
>  built on Jul 26 2010 22:42:00 with gcc 3.4.6 [FreeBSD] 20060305
>  configuration: --prefix=/usr/local --mandir=/usr/local/man
> --enable-shared --enable-gpl --enable-postproc --enable-avfilter
> --enable-avfilter-lavf --enable-pthreads --enable-x11grab
> --enable-memalign-hack --cc=cc
> --extra-cflags=-I/usr/local/include/vorbis -I/usr/local/include
> --extra-ldflags=-L/usr/local/lib --extra-libs=-pthread --disable-debug
> --disable-sse --disable-mmx --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-version3
> --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-version3 --enable-libdirac
> --enable-libfaac --enable-nonfree --enable-libfaad --enable-libfaadbin
> --enable-libgsm --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopenjpeg
> --enable-libschroedinger --enable-libspeex --enable-libtheora
> --enable-libvorbis --enable-libx264 --enable-libxvid
>  libavutil     50.15. 1 / 50.15. 1
>  libavcodec    52.72. 2 / 52.72. 2
>  libavformat   52.64. 2 / 52.64. 2
>  libavdevice   52. 2. 0 / 52. 2. 0
>  libavfilter    1.19. 0 /  1.19. 0
>  libswscale     0.11. 0 /  0.11. 0
>  libpostproc   51. 2. 0 / 51. 2. 0
> Bus error: 10 (core dumped)

Hmmm... did you get a ffmpeg.core? If so, what does
  $ gdb `which ffmpeg` ffmpeg.core
followed by 'bt' say? (backtrace)

(that's two backquotes around "which ffmeg")

You may also have some confusion w.r.t. shared libraries.
Have a look at
  $ ldd `which ffmpeg`
If you see one library with two different versions in this list,
your ffmpeg will likely dump core because it is linked
against incompatible libraries.

Of course, it could also be something entirely unrelated
and different.

> I had had a look at the manpage for portupgrade and saw a reference to
>
>  pkgdb -F
>
> So I ran that I and noticed a duplicated origin for archivers/xz :
>
>  Duplicated origin: archivers/xz - lzmautils-4.32.7 xz-4.999.9_1
>
> and so unregistered lzmautils-4.32.7
>
> then
>
>  cd /ports/multimedia/ffmpeg
>  sudo make deinstall
>  sudo make install

Have you recompiled ffmpeg after removing lzmautils-4.32.7?
In the listing above, it looks like you simply reinstalled the already
compiled ffmpeg (compiled prior to cleaning up lzmautils that is)?

> but ffmpeg still dumps core.
>
> Any further suggestions?
>

-cpghost.

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Re: Writes to Hard Disk Going Beyond Capacity

[C. P. Ghost]

On Sat, Jul 10, 2010 at 11:28 PM, Patrick Donnelly  wrote:
> On Sat, Jul 10, 2010 at 2:38 PM, C. P. Ghost  wrote:
>>
>> Or, to be more precise, is it possible that write(2) returns 0 for
>> some reason, perhaps because the device isn't ready and can't
>> accept more data, so it says that it wrote 0 bytes, but that you
>> are free to try again?
>
> write returning 0 appears to be the problem. That is indeed strange
> and I would guess it may be a bug?

I don't know if it is a bug at all, and if the standard isn't precise enough
and allows this. Granted, write(2) returning 0 for file descriptors that
weren't opened with O_NONBLOCK looks pretty weird, and somehow
it doesn't "feel" right.

Perhaps it happens because you're not writing to a file system (that
would catch this?) but to the raw device itself, and the raw device
behaves like a tape, a pipe, or a socket in this case? Strange indeed.

> - Patrick Donnelly

-cpghost.

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Re: Writes to Hard Disk Going Beyond Capacity

[C. P. Ghost]

On Sat, Jul 10, 2010 at 6:03 PM, C. P. Ghost  wrote:
> On Sat, Jul 10, 2010 at 12:53 PM, Patrick Donnelly  
> wrote:
>> On Sat, Jul 10, 2010 at 4:01 AM, Giorgos Keramidas
>>  wrote:
>>> On Sat, 10 Jul 2010 03:10:31 -0400, Patrick Donnelly  
>>> wrote:
>>>> Hi List,
>>>>
>>>> I have a strange problem in a C program I wrote. I open a hard
>>>> disk character file (/dev/ad1) and attempt to write over the
>>>> entire disk. I expect the last write that would go beyond the
>>>> hard disk length (capacity) to return with an error but instead
>>>> the write succeeds.  This happens for hundreds of gigabytes
>>>> beyond the file (hard drive) length. What could be wrong? (This
>>>> program works fine on Linux. The last write that would go
>>>> beyond the end of the hard drive returns with -1.)
>>>>
>>>> Thanks for any help,
>>>
>>> Can we see the exact source code of the program?  What you
>>> describe might work if the file has holes inside it.
>>
>> http://www.batbytes.com/destroy
>>
>> Specifically, after filling the hard drive it will begin to rapidly
>> "write" where the throughput of the writes is about 10 GB/s (obviously
>> not going to the hard drive).
>
> Are you aware of short writes?
>
> static int write_buf (int fd, const char *buf, size_t s)
> {
>  ssize_t r = write(fd, buf, s);
>  if (r == -1)
>    fprintf(stderr, "write error: %s\n", strerror(errno));
>  return r >= 0;
> }
>
> What if write(2) returns less than s, but not -1?

Or, to be more precise, is it possible that write(2) returns 0 for
some reason, perhaps because the device isn't ready and can't
accept more data, so it says that it wrote 0 bytes, but that you
are free to try again?

On Solaris, the write(2) man page says:

  If a write() requests that more bytes be written than there is room
  for—for example, if the write would exceed the process file size
  limit (see getrlimit(2) and ulimit(2)), the system file size limit,
  or the free space on the device—only as many bytes as there is room
  for will be written. For example, suppose there is space for 20
  bytes more in a file before reaching a limit. A write() of 512-bytes
  returns 20. The next write() of a non-zero number of bytes gives a
  failure return (except as noted for pipes and FIFO below).

http://docs.sun.com/app/docs/doc/816-5167/write-2?l=en&n=1&a=view

Have you tried your program on [Open]Solaris too? What happens there?
Perhaps our write(2) isn't entirely IEEE Std 1003.1 compliant? Because
write(2) there says:

  If a write() requests that more bytes be written than there is room
  for (for example, [XSI] [Option Start] the process' file size limit
  or [Option End] the physical end of a medium), only as many bytes as
  there is room for shall be written. For example, suppose there is
  space for 20 bytes more in a file before reaching a limit. A write
  of 512 bytes will return 20. The next write of a non-zero number of
  bytes would give a failure return (except as noted below). (...)

http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/95399/functions/write.html

Hmmm... any C/POSIX standards lawyers/specialists here?

-cpghost.

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Re: Writes to Hard Disk Going Beyond Capacity

[C. P. Ghost]

On Sat, Jul 10, 2010 at 12:53 PM, Patrick Donnelly  wrote:
> On Sat, Jul 10, 2010 at 4:01 AM, Giorgos Keramidas
>  wrote:
>> On Sat, 10 Jul 2010 03:10:31 -0400, Patrick Donnelly  
>> wrote:
>>> Hi List,
>>>
>>> I have a strange problem in a C program I wrote. I open a hard
>>> disk character file (/dev/ad1) and attempt to write over the
>>> entire disk. I expect the last write that would go beyond the
>>> hard disk length (capacity) to return with an error but instead
>>> the write succeeds.  This happens for hundreds of gigabytes
>>> beyond the file (hard drive) length. What could be wrong? (This
>>> program works fine on Linux. The last write that would go
>>> beyond the end of the hard drive returns with -1.)
>>>
>>> Thanks for any help,
>>
>> Can we see the exact source code of the program?  What you
>> describe might work if the file has holes inside it.
>
> http://www.batbytes.com/destroy
>
> Specifically, after filling the hard drive it will begin to rapidly
> "write" where the throughput of the writes is about 10 GB/s (obviously
> not going to the hard drive).

Are you aware of short writes?

static int write_buf (int fd, const char *buf, size_t s)
{
  ssize_t r = write(fd, buf, s);
  if (r == -1)
fprintf(stderr, "write error: %s\n", strerror(errno));
  return r >= 0;
}

What if write(2) returns less than s, but not -1?

> --
> - Patrick Donnelly

-cpghost.

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Re: How to get the SPD infomation in freebsd ?

[C. P. Ghost]

On Tue, Jun 29, 2010 at 7:51 AM, Matthew Seaman
 wrote:
> On 29/06/2010 03:29:04, zaxis wrote:
>>
>> In windows, the `CPU-Z` utility can be used to get the SPD(Serial Presence
>> Detect) information. How about freebsd ? I want to get those information
>> especially frequency to add more memory. And i donot want to touch the
>> hardware.
>
> Try dmidecode(8) -- it's in ports.  This will tell you quite a bit of
> information about what type of RAM you have installed, but it may be
> more productive to look up the Motherboard model numbers it returns, and
> find compatible RAM that way.

dmidecode(8) is better than nothing, but it doesn't return SPD data for me:

Handle 0x002B, DMI type 17, 27 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x0029
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Total Width: 64 bits
Data Width: 72 bits
Size: 2048 MB
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: None
Locator: DIMM0
Bank Locator: BANK0
Type: DDR2
Type Detail: Synchronous
Speed: 400 MHz
Manufacturer: Manufacturer0
Serial Number: SerNum0
Asset Tag: AssetTagNum0
Part Number: PartNum0

(Maybe those DIMMS aren't SPD capable? I don't know).

According to
  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serial_presence_detect
dmidecode(8) reads only BIOS data, but not the eeprom from
the DRAM modules themselves. The same page also points
to spdmem(4).

OpenBSD's spdmem(4) driver could be interesting to port to FreeBSD:
  http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=spdmem&sektion=4
as it allegedly reads the eeprom data directly off the DIMM modules.

> Even so, for best results it helps if you install a uniform set of RAM
> modules, and I don't think there's any option other than popping the
> case and pulling a RAM stick for a visual inspection if you want a 100%
> certain match.

I've already seen mislabled DIMMS in the past, and usually, the
information stored in SPD was more reliable than the one on the
stickers (but not always).

>        Cheers,
>
>        Matthew

-cpghost.

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Re: Perl Dumping Core

[C. P. Ghost]

On Wed, Jun 16, 2010 at 4:11 PM, Tim Daneliuk  wrote:
> I am running 8.1-PRERELEASE and seeing a half dozen of these a day:
>
>   (perl5.10.1), uid 0: exited on signal 11
>
> Anyone have theories on this?

If perl doesn't always crash, but only when running certain
programs, it may be that a perl module is the culprit. Try
to locate that module by examining the program that causes
the crash, and recompile the module (likely a broken lib or
dependency).

-cpghost.

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Re: concerning flash under freebsd

[C. P. Ghost]

On Wed, Jun 16, 2010 at 3:53 PM, RW  wrote:
> On Wed, 16 Jun 2010 15:04:00 +0200
> "C. P. Ghost"  wrote:
>
>> On Wed, Jun 16, 2010 at 12:11 AM, Programmer in Training
>>  wrote:
>> > I will tell Adobe to provide a FreeBSD-native release, though it
>> > would be nice to know I won't be the only one. I'm actually going
>> > right now to do so.
>>
>> Good luck with that. Adobe doesn't care about FreeBSD. Never did,
>> and probably never will. They don't even care about 64-bit Linux
>> users...
>>
>> If you absolutely need Flash on FreeBSD, I'd suggest you install
>> VirtualBox, and inside VirtualBox a Flash-supported OS, like
>> OpenSolaris (that's what I do when I absolutely need Flash support).
>
> Windows Flash+Firefox under Wine works for me, I installed it when
> FreeBSD Flash was completely broken. I've never gone back because the
> inconvenience  of occasionally having to switch browsers, is not as bad
> as having flash all the time.

Ah, good to know. I'm using FreeBSD/amd64, that's why I didn't
think of Wine (IIRC, it's only for i386).

-cpghost.

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Re: concerning flash under freebsd

[C. P. Ghost]

On Wed, Jun 16, 2010 at 12:11 AM, Programmer in Training
 wrote:
> I will tell Adobe to provide a FreeBSD-native release, though it would be
> nice to know I won't be the only one. I'm actually going right now to do so.

Good luck with that. Adobe doesn't care about FreeBSD. Never did,
and probably never will. They don't even care about 64-bit Linux users...

If you absolutely need Flash on FreeBSD, I'd suggest you install
VirtualBox, and inside VirtualBox a Flash-supported OS, like
OpenSolaris (that's what I do when I absolutely need Flash support).

It's not the cleanest solution, but at least, I don't have to clutter
my FreeBSD system with A LOT of Linux dependencies just to
get a barely working Flash.

-cpghost.

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Re: RESOLVED: Problem upgrading ports - libintl.so.8 not found

[C. P. Ghost]

On Wed, Jun 16, 2010 at 12:41 AM, Scott Schappell  wrote:
> After digging through /usr/ports/UPDATING, I copied all .so.8 and .so.16 
> libraries to /usr/local/lib and /usr/local/lib/compat/pkg and those ports are 
> now compiling. I'm assuming that's the approved solution until ports are 
> updated?

That's not the best solution. If you copy libintl.so.8 to compat/pkg, that's
okay. If you leave it in /usr/local/lib, some ports may pick it up by mistake
and you'll end up with a mix of ports that link to libintl.so.8 and
libintl.so.9.

-cpghost.

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Re: Simulate CRON

[C. P. Ghost]

On Mon, Jun 14, 2010 at 1:39 PM, Carmel  wrote:
> No, sorry. There was a command or program, I forgot which, that would
> allow a user to run a program under another environment, similar to the
> environment that a script under CRON would be running under.

at(1) maybe?

-cpghost.

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lang/cmucl broken on amd64?

[C. P. Ghost]

Hello Martin, *,

the port lang/cmucl has a dependency on a very old libutil,
libc and libm:

% lisp
/libexec/ld-elf.so.1: Shared object "libutil.so.5" not found, required by "lisp"

% which lisp
/usr/local/bin/lisp

% ldd `which lisp`
/usr/local/bin/lisp:
libutil.so.5 => not found (0x0)
libm.so.4 => not found (0x0)
libc.so.6 => not found (0x0)

% pkg_info -W /usr/local/bin/lisp
/usr/local/bin/lisp was installed by package cmucl-19f_1

I've reinstalled the port, but still the same problem.

misc/compat4x (compat4x-i386-5.3_9) is installed (and
updated) too. Still, no joy.

Any other way to get cmucl on amd64?

Thanks,
-cpghost.

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Re: lang/cmucl broken on amd64?

[C. P. Ghost]

On Thu, Jun 10, 2010 at 11:27 PM, Douglas Thrift  wrote:
> Hello,
>
> I've run into this before and it seems to me like the port should
> actually depend on misc/compat6x. I emailed Martin about this a while
> back, but never received any reply. Apparently there is even an open bug
> for this: http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=ports/146680

Ah, thank you. I'll try to use misc/compat6x instead. ;-)

-cpghost.

> Hope this helps!
> --
> Douglas William Thrift
> 
> 

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Re: Too many defunct processes; kill -9 not working

[C. P. Ghost]

On Wed, Jun 9, 2010 at 2:41 PM, Joshua Gimer  wrote:
> On Wed, Jun 9, 2010 at 5:08 AM, Eitan Adler  wrote:
>> What can I do to determine why processes are not getting killed by kill -9?
>
> Try attaching to it using truss to see if it will shed some light on the
> reason why the process will not die.

The only reason for zombies is that the parent process doesn't
invoke the wait(2) system call to reclaim their return status.
I'd truss(1) the parent: maybe it is buggy or even stopped (SIGSTOP?).

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Re: Java plugin with Firefox 3.6

[C. P. Ghost]

On Tue, Jun 8, 2010 at 4:19 PM,   wrote:
> Firefox 3.6 needs Java 6 Update 10. [1]
>
> For now, as a newbie, I generally try not to install anything not in the
> ports collection. From there you can find some JREs, but none are at Update
> 10, including Linux emulation. [2] At this time, the highest I see there is
> diablo-jre-1.6.0.07.02_8.
>
> That's okay, I really wanted the full JDK anyway, so I look for that. [3]
> There appears to be four flavors available; diablo-jdk, openjdk, jdk and
> linux-sun-jdk:
>
> diablo-jdk-1.6.0.07.02_9
> openjdk-7.0.86 (requires diablo-jdk-1.6.0.07.02_9)
> jdk-1.6.0.3p4_15 (requires diablo-jdk-1.6.0.07.02_9, and is "based on
> 1.6.0_03 (aka 6u3)")
> linux-sun-jdk-1.6.0.20

The problem is that java/jdk16 hasn't been updated for a LONG
time. I gave up hope that it will be updated, and I've had to install
java/openjdk6 instead, just to be able to start Freenet (from
http://freenetproject.org/), because Freenet wouldn't start otherwise
due to some big XML vulnerability in our old not yet updated
java/jdk16.

Maybe the problem is similar with Firefox 3.6?

> It looks like the Linux version is the only one up-to-date enough for
> Firefox 3.6. Would that only work with the Linux version of Firefox 3.6? If
> so, then one must go outside of the ports collection to get it. [4] At this
> time, the highest version I see in ports is linux-firefox-devel-3.5.9.
>
>
> I suspect the best thing to do would be to go with a current JDK and an
> older version of (native) Firefox, and not upgrade Firefox until the JDK
> version gets to Java 6 Update 10, allowing the JDK to upgrade naturally
> along with the rest of keeping my system up to date. If folks in-the-know
> around here agree with that, I'll probably start a new thread 'Which JDK?',
> as I find that confusing.
>
> Thanks,
> Brian

-cpghost.

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Re: office apps

[C. P. Ghost]

On Mon, Jun 7, 2010 at 1:56 AM, Mike Jeays  wrote:
>> Short of the full suite, how about just a spreadsheet program that supports
>> complex formulas and charting?  If it could also be used without X11 when
>> charting isn't needed, that would make my day.
>
> Gnumeric provides a good spreadsheet, although it does need X11. It supports
> charting, with a good variety of options. It installed very quickly on a Linux
> system, seems much "lighter" than OpenOffice Calc, and it starts much more
> quickly than Calc.

math/sc is a text-only (ncurses-based) version of VisiCalc.

It could use some improvements though, but it's fine
for small quick-n-dirty jobs.

> "pkg_add -r gnumeric" should install it for you.

-cpghost.

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Re: bash instead of csh (completely)

[C. P. Ghost]

On Fri, Jun 4, 2010 at 10:54 PM, Stefan Miklosovic
 wrote:
> What I still miss is a way how to "bend" freebsd to my needs. In
> linux, it is easy
> as hell, remove this, change that, and it still runs. I am afraid that
> if I cut off some
> parts of system, I will not benefit from it anymore. For example, I
> install minimal bsd,
> but it contains still things I do not need (some dir like "games" and other
> stuff or some ancient groups in /etc/groups like uucp, proxy,games, dialer 
> (???
> in year 2010, who use it?) and so on.

You're aware of nanobsd(8)?

-cpghost.

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Re: Alternate method for fetching source

[C. P. Ghost]

On Fri, Jun 4, 2010 at 8:20 PM, Ross Penner  wrote:
> I'm trying to update my system and when I run cvsup, the connection
> repeatedly has problems (TreeList failed: Network write failure:
> Connection closed). I'm wondering if anybody can suggest any other
> method to grab the current source files?

Have you tried other cvsup mirrors. There are plenty of choices at
the bottom of this page:

http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en/books/handbook/cvsup.html

Oh, and are you running cvsup or csup?

> Thanks for any ideas

-cpghost.

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Re: minicom freebsd 8.0

[C. P. Ghost]

On Wed, Jun 2, 2010 at 11:30 AM, akash kumar  wrote:
> Hi,
>
> I was referring to minicom command similar to one on linux.
> On linux the config file is /etc/minirc. and the  Serial Device 
> is  /dev/ttyUSB0, which was working for me.
> On freebsd  the config file is /usr/local/etc/minicom/minirc., 
> but not sure what to update in the field 'pu port'.
>
> I tried with /dev/ugen2.2 but got below error
>> minicom: cannot open /dev/ugen2.2: Permission denied
>
> Please let me know what needs to be updated in the 'pu port' field.

Ah, okay. ugen is a generic device. I think you can't use that directly
if you have a usb-to-serial converter.

I guess you need to kldload a kernel module specific to your usb-to-serial
converter. For example something like uplcom, umodem etc. This would
create a new entry in /dev that you can use in minicom.

Permissions for those devices can be set in /etc/devfs.rules (and restarting
devfs with /etc/rc.d/devfs restart). You may also want to look at /etc/devd.conf

I'm not familiar with usb-to-serial converters, so I can't help more than that.
Others may have more experience there.

> Thanks,
> Akash.

-cpghost.

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Re: minicom freebsd 8.0

[C. P. Ghost]

On Wed, Jun 2, 2010 at 10:32 AM, Fbsd1  wrote:
> akash kumar wrote:
>>
>> Hi,
>>
>> Can some one help me with the steps configuring minicom on freebsd 8.0. I
>> have a serial to usb converter running between my  board and host machine.
>> Thanks,
>> Akash.
>>
>>
>
> I take it a minicom is a external serial modem for internet access over the
> phone lines.

I guess akash is asking about the port comms/minicom, the special files
under /dev and the kernel modules needed to access the serial port of the
modem via a usb-to-serial converter.

-cpghost.

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Re: Add watermark to PDF

[C. P. Ghost]

On Tue, Jun 1, 2010 at 4:15 PM, John Almberg  wrote:
> So basically this script would have to read in the PDF and (ideally) a plain
> text file, and output a PDF with the plain text merged into the PDF as a
> footer.

Maybe this will help?
  http://www.reportlab.com/software/opensource/rl-toolkit/
There's even a FreeBSD port for it:
  print/py-reportlab2

> Any ideas, much appreciated.
>
> -- John

-cpghost.

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Re: Verifying a DVD

[C. P. Ghost]

On Mon, May 24, 2010 at 9:30 AM, Matthias Apitz  wrote:
> I think it isn't important how many blocks are on the DVD, but more
> important that a) all files area readable on the DVD and b) are MD5
> identically with the original on the hard disk. That's why after burning
> a tree of files for backup to some DVD I use a combination of
> find+md5+sort+diff to verify the result.

I did that too before switching to sysutils/dvdisaster to augment the
images with CRCs and ECC blocks. Especially those ECC blocks
saved the day for me on more than one occasion. Highly recommended
for long(er) time storage.

> HIH
>
>        matthias

-cpghost.

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Re: http://localhost/phpmyadmin

[C. P. Ghost]

On Tue, May 18, 2010 at 5:53 PM, TERRY ELLENDER
 wrote:
> How to I free Port
> 80 on my computer.  I am trying to use XAMPP.  It all loads OK and I get the
> start screen but when I press start a message appears syaing Busy and Program
> NOT responding appears above the XAMPP Box.  When I do a port check it shaows
> that Port 80 is in use by the'system'  Can you help? Please.

Just run "sockstat -46l" and check for port 80. This should show the
process sitting there, listening. Just kill that process, and the port
should be free again (maybe after 2 minutes, or immediately --
depending on a special socket option).

> Regards
> Terry

-cpghost.

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Re: grub2 not in ports?

[C. P. Ghost]

On Fri, May 7, 2010 at 8:13 AM, Lokadamus  wrote:
> Am 07.05.2010 02:10, schrieb C. P. Ghost:
>> has someone successfully ported GRUB2[1] to FreeBSD/i386
>> and FreeBSD/amd64? I see no port sysutils/grub2 in the tree,
>> even though I know that GRUB2 *can* boot FreeBSD directly
>> and via chain-loading.
>
> http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/url.cgi?ports/sysutils/grub/pkg-descr

Thank you, but this is legacy GRUB, and not what I'm looking for.
I specifically need GRUB2, that's why I've asked for a port or if
someone is interested in or already making one.

> This port does not install GRUB on the master boot record of your hard
> drive.
> To do this, or to use it with a floppy disk, you will need to read the info
> page that is installed by the port.

Of course: grub/grub2 ports aren't supposed to install anything on the MBR
by default. You're right: one has to invoke 'grub' specifically, after
creating a
/boot/grub/menu.lst file.

> When you will use grub2, you need a floppy or live cd to install it.
> But no bsd- based live cd will have grub2 i think.

What I want to do is this: I create a floppy disk (or hdd disk) image with dd,
put a file system on it, mount it via mdconfig(8), and at this point, I need to
install GRUB2 on it (and then run qemu -fda or qemu -hda to boot it).

I know how to do this with legacy GRUB and it works perfectly (there's a trick
with setting kern.geom.debugflags to 16, a.k.a "allow foot shooting" (geom(4))
to set up the MBR though). With GRUB2, it is a little bit different, as far as I
can see. Having the GRUB2 files installed via a port would be a little
bit easier
than compiling GRUB2 manually (though it's not really hard to port it).

> Sorry for my english :(
> Cheers

Kind regards,
-cpghost.

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grub2 not in ports?

[C. P. Ghost]

Hello,

has someone successfully ported GRUB2[1] to FreeBSD/i386
and FreeBSD/amd64? I see no port sysutils/grub2 in the tree,
even though I know that GRUB2 *can* boot FreeBSD directly
and via chain-loading.

And while we're at it, I'm wondering if there is an effort underway
to make the kernel multiboot-compliant... maybe like NetBSD[2]?

[1]: ftp://alpha.gnu.org/gnu/grub/grub-1.98.tar.gz
[2]: http://mail-index.netbsd.org/port-i386/2010/01/09/msg001747.html

Thanks,
-cpghost.

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Re: Farm synchronization

[C. P. Ghost]

On Sun, May 2, 2010 at 5:18 PM, Roland Smith  wrote:
> On Sun, May 02, 2010 at 06:17:34PM +0400, Oleg Lutchenko wrote:
>> Hello!
>>
>> Is there any regular way to synchronize installed packages in the farm of
>> FreeBSD servers quickly.
>
> Forget packages. Here is wat I do to keep the ports on a couple of machines in
> sync.
>
> - Ports are built and installed on a single powerfull workstation, the build 
> machine.
> - After updating the build machine (using portsnap and portmaster), the
>  /usr/local and /var/db/pkg directories from that machine are distributed to
>  the dependent machines using rsync(1).
> - You may need to exclude /usr/local/etc from rsync, or use a script to 
> change files in
>  that directory afterwards to account for different hostnames and or IP
>  addresses! I tend to keep config files for every machine in a git
>  repository on my workstation, merge any chances from the updates and roll
>  them out to the dependent machines.
> - Note that if you use ports that install kernel modules, you'll need to sync
>  /boot/modules as well!
> - On the dependent machines, the /usr/ports directory is removed to save 
> space.
>
> This solution has made my life a lot easier.

I'm doing this on a farm of over 500 FreeBSD machines for years now.
Works perfectly, and is a huge time saver.

> Roland
> --
> R.F.Smith                                   http://www.xs4all.nl/~rsmith/
> [plain text _non-HTML_ PGP/GnuPG encrypted/signed email much appreciated]
> pgp: 1A2B 477F 9970 BA3C 2914  B7CE 1277 EFB0 C321 A725 (KeyID: C321A725)

-cpghost.

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Re: More than 8 partitions

[C. P. Ghost]

On Sat, May 1, 2010 at 1:58 AM, Jon Theil Nielsen  wrote:
> So it is *not* possible to have more than 8 partitions?  Just a matter of
> interest, since I'm experimenting here. But nice to know.

Unlike OpenBSD's disklabel(8) which supports up to 15 partitions, bsdlabel(8)
supports only 8 partitions (including the whole disk):

http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=disklabel&sektion=8

http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bsdlabel&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+8.0-RELEASE&format=html

-cpghost.

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Re: Which CPUTYPE in make.conf?

[C. P. Ghost]

On Sat, Apr 24, 2010 at 7:32 PM, Michael Powell  wrote:
> I think this matters more to third party ports software builds than it does
> the system. I thought that large pieces of the kernel were designed to not
> make much, if any, use the various SIMD extensions. Maybe this has changed
> and I'm behind the times.

I wouldn't bother setting CPUTYPE at all. It's more trouble than it's worth.

And you're right: for most ports and for the whole system, it doesn't really
matter. If you have a very specific port that needs particular tuning, it has
either already been tuned individually by the port maintainer, or you could
apply more optimizations yourself (which would likely require a specially
compiled tool chain, when -O with the base gcc/binutils isn't
enough).

Unless you have a very specific need, better leave CPUTYPE alone.

> Your use of athlon64 seems reasonable to me. It is what I've been using. If
> it can be done better I'm always on the look out for better.
>
> -Mike

-cpghost.

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Re: version/revision control software for things mostly not source

[C. P. Ghost]

There's also a fuse-svnfs port for NetBSD, but I don't know its status,
nor if it is usable at all:

http://cvsweb.netbsd.org/bsdweb.cgi/pkgsrc/filesystems/fuse-svnfs/
http://svn.haxx.se/users/archive-2005-04/0210.shtml

-cpghost.

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Re: version/revision control software for things mostly not source

[C. P. Ghost]

On Sat, Apr 17, 2010 at 5:08 PM, Dan Naumov  wrote:
> I think I am reaching the point where I want to have some kind of sane
> and easy to use version/revision control software for my various
> personal files and small projects.

You're looking for a versioning file system?

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Versioning_file_system

-cpghost.

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Re: are the are C [or C++] src sites ....

[C. P. Ghost]

On Mon, Apr 12, 2010 at 12:39 AM, Gary Kline  wrote:
>
>        what i am thinking of is functions that work in any of
>        several venues:
>
>                math,

For maths, I'm particularly fond of GiNaC (+CLN)
  FreeBSD ports: math/GiNaC, math/cln
  WWW: http://www.ginac.de/ and http://www.ginac.de/CLN/

Of course, there's also the more traditional stuff like math/atlas[-devel]
which takes forever to compile. ;-)

>                [every] science,

Very application specific.

>                strings,
>                filenames,
>                queues,
>                stacks,
>                arrays,

If you're interested in C++ classes for all this, you could check
out the STL (Standard Templates Library), and additional libraries
like Boost.

>                thanks for your insights.  i used something like
>                "c-language functions"  :-)

That's way too broad to yield useful results! :-)

I'd suggest that you browse the ports collection for stuff you like
(domain oriented), and in most cases, the ports will point to some
library or program written in C or C++ that you can learn from. Just
looking for C/C++ code per se is kind of pointless (IMHO), if you're
not motivated by a particular application.

-cpghost.

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Re: are the are C [or C++] src sites ....

[C. P. Ghost]

On Sat, Apr 10, 2010 at 5:19 PM, Gary Kline  wrote:

>Rather than re-inventing the wheel over and again, wouldn't
>it be nice to have a library of all kinds of functions?
>--For kernel use, yes, they would need to be BSD specific...
>

Not sure what you're meaning here, but the collection of
libraries in FreeBSD's source tree (/usr/src/lib) contains
A LOT of C functions that you could use as examples...

For instance, if you're looking for those typical C functions
of the C library that are often used in introductory texts,
you want to look at libc, e.g. in:

  /usr/src/lib/libc/stdlib
  /usr/src/lib/libc/string
  /usr/src/lib/libc/gen
  (...)

Then, there are also non-library source files all over /usr/src,
that are full of C functions. ;-)

Of course, you could always install additional third-party
libraries, programs etc. manually or from ports if you need
more examples.

   ideas?
>

What are you trying to achieve?

   gary
>
>PS:  As if it weren't obvious, no i haven't had my morning
>jolt of java yet
>

Regards,
-cpghost.

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Re: example C code for reading db hash files

[C. P. Ghost]

On Tue, Apr 6, 2010 at 2:24 AM, Jim Sander  wrote:

> Thank you - but unfortunately, that doesn't help (it was the first place I
> checked actually) - I assume because of historical changes, but possibly
> because I'm missing something obvious.
>
>
> http://www.oracle.com/technology/documentation/berkeley-db/db/api_reference/C/dbopen.html
>vs.
> man 3 dbopen
>
> Things are *completely* different. Is the "stock BSD" db.h different than
> the Oracle db.h ?


Yes, they are.

According to
  /usr/src/lib/libc/db/README

"This is version 1.85 of the Berkeley DB code."

The BDB version on the Oracle site is A LOT younger than 1.85,
and has a very different API _and_ .db file format.

Before you decide which API to use, you should make sure that
you're reading the right .db file. file(1) will tell you what kind of
.db file it is.

-cpghost.

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Re: example C code for reading db hash files

[C. P. Ghost]

On Mon, Apr 5, 2010 at 10:28 PM, Jim Sander  wrote:

> Is there a handy C code reference or examples for db files? (google has not
> been kind to me) I have a tied hash from Perl using DB_File, and need read
> only access in a C program.
>

You mean a reference... like this?

http://www.oracle.com/technology/documentation/berkeley-db/db/index.html

There are C, C++ and other bindings for the Berkeley DB,
each of which comes with some examples.
Use the bindings you feel most comfortable with.

-cpghost.

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Re: Caution:: Off-topic Re: perl qstn...

[C. P. Ghost]

On Sun, Apr 4, 2010 at 11:33 PM, Gary Kline  wrote:
> Can C include the perl regex packages?

Yes! Just use PCRE. Or, if you prefer C++, Boost.Regex:

http://www.pcre.org/
http://www.boost.org/doc/libs/1_42_0/libs/regex/doc/html/index.html

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Re: Berkeley DB upgrade

[C. P. Ghost]

On Sat, Mar 13, 2010 at 11:26 AM, Erik Norgaard  wrote:
> Hi:
>
> I want to upgrade my BerkeleyDB, I have some 500MB in BDB 43.
>
> - What is the latest stable version?
> - Is there any way of determining if datafiles are compatible
>  across versions?
> - Is there any tool for migrating between versions?

The upgrade process is explained here:

http://www.oracle.com/technology/documentation/berkeley-db/db/programmer_reference/am_upgrade.html

http://www.oracle.com/technology/documentation/berkeley-db/db/programmer_reference/upgrade_process.html

http://www.oracle.com/technology/documentation/berkeley-db/db/api_reference/C/db_upgrade.html

http://www.oracle.com/technology/documentation/berkeley-db/db/api_reference/C/dbupgrade.html

Of course, don't forget to backup your old data before upgrading! ;-)

> Thanks, Erik
>
> --
> Erik Nørgaard
> Ph: +34.666334818/+34.915211157                  http://www.locolomo.org

-cpghost.

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Re: Replacing Home Router With PC

[C. P. Ghost]

On Fri, Mar 12, 2010 at 7:26 PM, Nerius Landys  wrote:
>> Yep! Geode-based boxes are great. The ALIX boards are looking like
>> Soekris gear, which I'm very happy with (of course running FreeBSD):
>>
>> http://www.soekris.com/net5501.htm
>
> Is there a nice guide that explains how to install FreeBSD onto a
> headless system (such as one of these small devices) via serial port?

Basically, you have two options:

1. Boot diskless with PXE, and install FreeBSD over the network:

http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/network-diskless.html
http://jdc.parodius.com/freebsd/pxeboot_serial_install_8.html

2. Install FreeBSD on a HDD or CF from a working computer, then move
the disk/card to the embedded device.

For Soekris (and probably ALIX as well, since it's also GEODE-based),
there are specific kernel config options that you may or may not need:

http://wiki.soekris.info/Installing_FreeBSD

Once you've installed FreeBSD, remember to tweak /etc/ttys, so that
getty spaws a login: on the serial console. Especially, turn ttyv0 off
and ttyu0 on:

ttyv0   "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" cons25  off  secure
ttyu0   "/usr/libexec/getty std.9600"   dialup  on  secure

> I've done this once before but it was long ago, and it was actually an
> install via floppy disk and CD-ROM combination (IIRC), so that
> procedure would not apply here (regarding these tiny devices mentioned
> above).  The Handbook contains some explanation regarding serial
> communication, but I don't believe they really explain _installing_
> onto a headless system.  Also, in the past, I've had problems
> installing FreeBSD via CD-ROM drive that was connected as a USB.  I
> know that in the past FreeBSD didn't support booting via USB device,
> maybe they have fixed that?  My last encounter with the USB-boot
> problem was with my 1U server that didn't have a CD-ROM drive; I was
> not able to install i386 7.0 onto that.  I had to open the 1U case and
> temporarily hook up an IDE CD-ROM drive.  If I remember correctly,
> trying to boot from a USB CD-ROM would result in getting a TON of
> garbled text scrolling across the screen.  I actually posted about
> that about 2 years back, and the responses indicated that booting via
> USB device was not supported.
>
> My imagination would tell me that to install FreeBSD onto one of these
> tiny devices, I would first create an ISO image that would basically
> use serial communication for everything, then burn that to a CD, then
> boot via USB CD-ROM drive, while having another computer connected to
> the serial port of the tiny device (via null modem cable) and using a
> command-line tool such as ``cu'' from the other computer.
>
> I would be very interested into looking into purchasing one of these
> small devices, but I'm really scared about the FreeBSD install
> procedure.

-cpghost.

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Re: FreeBSD Version recommend for OLD machine

[C. P. Ghost]

On Fri, Mar 12, 2010 at 5:29 AM, Jorge Biquez  wrote:
> The machine has a Motherboard that supports 2 double pentium III processors
> with 1GB of ram and a hard disk with 40GB.
>
> It won't do anything else but a dns slave for maybe 100 domains, mail and
> squirrel for 10 domain, not more than 100 users with very low volume. That's
> all.

Wow, that's a big and fast machine, compared to some of the really OLD
boxes that run FreeBSD 8.0 just fine with a load similar to yours (some of
them with 500 MHz CPUs, 128 MB RAM and 20 GB disks). For server
needs, go for 8.0, you won't regret it.

-cpghost.

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Re: Replacing Home Router With PC

[C. P. Ghost]

On Fri, Mar 12, 2010 at 6:37 AM, Mark Shroyer
 wrote:
>> Bear in mind that the added electricity costs will more than cover the
>> cost of a new Linksys (or equivalent) router in a few months.
>
> If energy consumption is a concern, you might try one of these:
>
> http://www.pcengines.ch/alix2d3.htm
>
> I've been running OpenBSD on mine for a year or so, and it makes an
> absolutely fantastic home router.  It'll run FreeBSD, too.  Uses about 5
> watts.

Yep! Geode-based boxes are great. The ALIX boards are looking like
Soekris gear, which I'm very happy with (of course running FreeBSD):

http://www.soekris.com/net5501.htm

> My one caveat is that you may want to solder on an RTC battery (CR2032)
> holder--or just pay a little extra for the alix2d13, which includes the
> holder, if you don't like soldering things.
>
> --
> Mark Shroyer
> http://markshroyer.com/contact/

-cpghost.

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Re: Downloading issue!

[C. P. Ghost]

On Tue, Mar 9, 2010 at 3:58 PM, Emmanuel Opio  wrote:
> Am studying at a University in E. Africa but the problem is that our
> server administrators blocked "ftp" and filtered out images, so we can not
> download any image file, the most common extension for operating systems.

They're obviously having bandwidth problems.

How about asking them nicely to fetch the ISOs once to their central server,
and let students download them from there as often as they like? I've worked
in multiple University IT departments, and we've never turned down a reasonable
request like this, even when bandwidth was severely limited and quotas were
in place. They probably won't either at your U.

Maybe asking via a C.S. professor would have even more effect. ;-)

> Emmanuel

Regards,
-cpghost.

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Re: amd64 won't install on Core Duo

[C. P. Ghost]

On Sat, Mar 6, 2010 at 5:42 PM, Chad Perrin  wrote:
> On Sat, Mar 06, 2010 at 03:19:31PM +0200, Ross Cameron wrote:
>> What system board revision does you're Thinkpad have?
>>     You can use CPU-Z (http://www.cpuid.com/cpuz.php) to check on this.
>
> That looks like a handy tool.  Is there a version that will run on
> FreeBSD?

Something like sysutils/dmidecode maybe?

> Chad Perrin [ original content licensed OWL: http://owl.apotheon.org ]

-cpghost.

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Re: Flash viewer for FBSD

[C. P. Ghost]

On Sat, Mar 6, 2010 at 2:54 PM, Robert Huff  wrote:
>>  > And remember, youtube-dl is a hack. It can break anytime
>>  > YT changes its embedding.
>>
>>  That's what "make update" is used for. :-)
>
>        More importantly, it's about the author (and maintainer, if
> they're different) fixing things promptly after a change,  My
> experience has been 2-3 days.

Which is pretty good... esp. considering that some ports take
months or more to get updated, esp. when security concerns
pop up (*cough* java/jdk16 *cough*) ;-)

But the point is, that even the author is no magician: should
YT decide to switch to a completely different scheme, reverse-
engineering that could prove very hard and up to impossible.
We're lucky to have youtube-dl, and I hope author and maintainer
will keep updating it as often as possible, as they do now.

>                                Robert Huff

-cpghost.

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Re: Flash viewer for FBSD

[C. P. Ghost]

On Sat, Mar 6, 2010 at 10:01 AM, Polytropon  wrote:
> If they don't want to make one, there's no way to convince
> them. Since the majority of free and standardized operating
> systems isn't oriented at market share, there is no reason
> for Adobe to follow a crying "Please!" :-)

There is only one way to convince them: through legislation!

You may live in a world of bliss where you can access your online
bank via standardized HTML, where you can fill in your IRS (or
equivalent) forms, various applications etc. without Flash, but
many parts of the world are a lot more dependent on Flash.

Of course, one can always send complaints to those banks and
public services who use Flash-only interfaces, but those complaints
usually get ignored and thrown in the grey dumpster. If you try to
escalate your complaint, the letter goes from the grey into the red
dumpster, but you're still effectively locked out.

That's the problem with near-monopolies of proprietary formats:
sometimes you can't escape them and have to resort to tricks
(like emulations etc...) to make them work.

-cpghost.

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Re: Flash viewer for FBSD

[C. P. Ghost]

On Sat, Mar 6, 2010 at 9:25 AM, Polytropon  wrote:
> On Sat, 6 Mar 2010 09:03:58 +0100, Sabine Baer  wrote:
>> Well, it is, indeed. Me I am very glad beeing able to do eg
>> linux-opera -display :0 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bhmf4l4OxNw
>> since I live in a Windows free zone at home.
>
> Well, there's always "youtube-dl -a" for that. Just for YT
> I don't need "Flash".

That's true. I love youtube-dl too, as it helps me keep a local
.flv copy, even for videos that have been removed for one reason
or another.

However, there are other video sites like dailymotion. What
downloader do you use for these?

And remember, youtube-dl is a hack. It can break anytime
YT changes its embedding. I wished YouTube would switch
to HTML5, or at least added this as an option.

> The "need", to illustrate that, is
> often nothing more than a useless barrier built by people
> who don't seem to know better. As I said before, most things
> that "Flash" can do could be achieved with standardized (!)
> and free means. And often, "Flash" is (ab)used to do idiotic
> things like simply providing animated buttons.

I've talked with the IT department of a company recently who
had to switch from perfectly usable barrier-less HTML to Flash.
Actually, the IT guys didn't want to, but their management was
adamant. The main reason wasn't buttons or little animations,
but something much more mundane: the graphics design
company they hired to create their new corporate identity
insisted that the only way to get a 100% pixel-precise layout
was with Flash... and management fell for it. Basically, they
wanted to duplicate their glossy brochures 1:1, and didn't care
about reduced usability and accessibility. Incredibly silly move,
but their company, their decision.

> With the upcoming HTML 5 standard, there's even a chance that
> "Flash" will be ignored by the rest of the world sooner
> or later.

HTML 5 isn't the problem, that will be easy to implement. It's about
picking the right video codec. There's no high quality codec available
that is both ubiquitous in hardware, and unencumbered by patents.

> Polytropon
> Magdeburg, Germany
> Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
> Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...

-cpghost.

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Re: Flash viewer for FBSD

[C. P. Ghost]

On Fri, Mar 5, 2010 at 11:53 PM, Jerry  wrote:
> Adobe, a commercial entity, obviously feels that the cost of
> supporting the FreeBSD community is not a financially prudent business
> venture.

Well, that's their decision, of course. However, Linux and FreeBSD
aren't so far apart either, at least on the API level. After all, they ARE
more or less POSIX systems. It shouldn't be too hard for Adobe to
tweak their Linux or Solaris Flash port so that it compiles cleanly
on FreeBSD too. How complicated could that be? We're adapting
software in /usr/ports all the time, and that's no black magic either.

IIRC, there was a thread a while ago about what Adobe expects of
FreeBSD so that they can port their Flash player -- or was that
NVIDIA? I don't remember exactly what they needed though...
Maybe something about memory mapping? Hmmm...

> In the finally analysis, it is their product to do with as
> they see fit, unless the socialist EC starts to stick their fascist
> nose into someone else's business. Adobe never stated that they would
> support FreeBSD; at least as far as I can tell. That would sort of
> eliminate any pseudo "Breach of Contract" accusation against them.

If they provided an obscure product, or a product for which alternatives
existed, EC wouldn't care. But with near-monopoly of an increasingly
ubiquitous format comes great responsibility. In the eyes of the EC,
a company shouldn't be allowed to abuse their monopolistic power
to lock out competitors. IMHO, they are quite right on this point, though
you are free to disagree. ;-)

> --
> Jerry
> ges...@yahoo.com

-cpghost.

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Re: Flash viewer for FBSD

[C. P. Ghost]

On Fri, Mar 5, 2010 at 6:12 PM, Pongthep Kulkrisada  wrote:
> * C. P. Ghost (cpgh...@cordula.ws) wrote:
>> If you csup, you update only /usr/src (or /usr/ports). Have you actually
>> updated the system and the ports as well?
> % uname -a
> FreeBSD bsdhost.localdomain 8.0-STABLE FreeBSD 8.0-STABLE #0: Tue Dec  1 
> 19:12:37 ICT 2009     r...@bsdhost.localdomain:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/GENERIC  
> i386

So your system is approx. 4 months old, despite you cvsup-ping?

>> As said, if all else breaks, try running OpenSolaris (or a Linux distro)
>> as a guest OS inside VirtualBox. This way, you have the best of both
>> worlds.
>
> I don't want to. Even now I have 2 OSes installed, I still hate it.
> In fact, 90% I boot of FreeBSD (at home).

That's understandable. I boot FreeBSD/amd64 almost exclusively too. Only
when I absolutely need Flash (and I very seldom do), I fire up VirtualBox on
FreeBSD with a little OpenSolaris installation. Since this OpenSolaris
guest lives in a single VirtualBox disk image, it doesn't clutter up my
FreeBSD system, contrary to the whole Linux compat shims and RPMs
needed to run the linux flash plugin.

Of course, it's all a matter of personal tastes, likes and dislikes. I'd rather
have a native flash plugin for FreeBSD/amd64 too (Firefox and Opera), but
this is unlikely in the near future, knowing the miserable track record of
Adobe's FreeBSD "support". ;-)

> Thanks,
> Pongthep

Regards,
-cpghost.

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Re: Flash viewer for FBSD

[C. P. Ghost]

On Fri, Mar 5, 2010 at 5:12 PM, Pongthep Kulkrisada  wrote:
> Or the problem is that I cvsup(ed) from 7.1 to 7.2 and then csup(ed) to 8.0.

If you csup, you update only /usr/src (or /usr/ports). Have you actually
updated the system and the ports as well?

> FBSD should make it simpler than this.

It should. But what can we do if Adobe doesn't even acknowledge our
existence and refuses to provide a FreeBSD version of their Flash
player?

> Some Linux distros, flash plug-ins are installed in default configuration.
> But I shall not go back to Linux, anyway. :-)

Sure, Linux has a bigger market share, so they get enough love from
Adobe... though I understand that Flash support for Linux/x86-64 isn't
all that good either (?).

> Actually, I only want to study Unix console, C language and some 
> administrations.
> In GUI world, I only want to point and click.

As said, if all else breaks, try running OpenSolaris (or a Linux distro)
as a guest OS inside VirtualBox. This way, you have the best of both
worlds.

> Thanks,
> Pongthep

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Re: Perl 5.8 -> 5.10 On Current Production System

[C. P. Ghost]

On Thu, Mar 4, 2010 at 6:13 PM, Matthew Seaman
 wrote:
>> However, when I run:
>>
>>   portupgrade -o lang/perl5.10 -f perl-5.8\.*
>>
>> I get this problem:
>>
>> --->  Upgrading 'perl-5.8.9_3' to 'perl-5.10.1' (lang/perl5.10)
>> --->  Building '/usr/ports/lang/perl5.10'
>> ===>  Cleaning for perl-5.10.1
>>
>> ===>  perl-5.10.1 conflicts with installed package(s):
>>       perl-5.8.9_3
>>
>>       They install files into the same place.
>>       Please remove them first with pkg_delete(1).
>> *** Error code 1
>>
>>
>> I supposed I could do a forced manual removal of perl, but isn't that what 
>> the '-f'
>> arg in the portupgrade is supposed to do?
>
> You got bitten by an ill-considered change introduced after the UPDATING
> instructions were written.  To work around it, you need to set
> DISABLE_CONFLICTS when rebuilding the port, eg like this:
>
>   # portupgrade -m DISABLE_CONFLICTS=yes -o lang/perl5.10 -f perl-5.8\.*

THANK YOU! This is *exactly* what was holding me up from upgrading
to Perl 5.10.

> Please feel free to complain volubly about this: it's hand-holding for
> newbies which annoys and incoveniences the vastly larger number of
> non-newbies (ie. anyone who has been using the ports for more than a few
> weeks.)
>
>        Cheers,
>
>        Matthew

-cpghost.

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