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Re: What are the risks associated with partially know cipher keys
On Tue, 7 Sep 2004 13:24:39 +0800, Padraig MacIain said: problem. However, does it offer a great risk for something like OpenPGP if the passphrase used to access the secretkey is partially That depends on quality of the passphrase; it makes dictionary attacks easier. compromised? And in turn if the passphrase is completely known yet the secret key is still secured (physically) does knowing this passphrase risk a complete compromise of the key pair? No. The protection of the private key is is independent of the key. They are in no way related. The key is based on a random string and only the protection of this key is based on the passphrase. This protection only helps against a lost (but protected) private key. Salam-Shalom, Werner
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Re: What are the risks associated with partially know cipher keys
Thank you for your answers Werner. I was fairly certain myself about the first question you answered. Its a 'well its obvious' kind of question. I wasn't sure about the second one, and I am too snowed under at work dealing with radius and voip stuff for me to read through the various *PGP source codes around to look at it from a logical point of view. Many thanks. On Tue, 07 Sep 2004 14:06:29 +0200, Werner Koch [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On Tue, 7 Sep 2004 13:24:39 +0800, Padraig MacIain said: problem. However, does it offer a great risk for something like OpenPGP if the passphrase used to access the secretkey is partially That depends on quality of the passphrase; it makes dictionary attacks easier. compromised? And in turn if the passphrase is completely known yet the secret key is still secured (physically) does knowing this passphrase risk a complete compromise of the key pair? No. The protection of the private key is is independent of the key. They are in no way related. The key is based on a random string and only the protection of this key is based on the passphrase. This protection only helps against a lost (but protected) private key. Salam-Shalom, Werner -- Padraig MacIain url: http://www.bur.st/~darke/ (Nimheil) That is not dead which can eternal lie, and with strange aeons even death may die.
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Re: Maths holy grail could bring disaster for internet
On Sep 6, 2004, at 21:52, R. A. Hettinga wrote: But the proof should give us more understanding of how the primes work, and therefore the proof might be translated into something that might produce this prime spectrometer. If it does, it will bring the whole of e-commerce to its knees, overnight. So there are very big implications. This would be a good thing. Because to rebuild the infrastructure based on symmetric crypto would bring the trusted third party (currently the CA) out of the shadows and into the light.
Re: Maths holy grail could bring disaster for internet
Forgive my ignorance, but would other PK schemes that don't rely on prime numbers such as Elliptic Curve be affected? --Kaos-Keraunos-Kybernetos--- + ^ + :Our enemies are innovative and resourceful, and so are we. /|\ \|/ :They never stop thinking about new ways to harm our country /\|/\ --*--:and our people, and neither do we. -G. W. Bush, 2004.08.05 \/|\/ /|\ : \|/ + v + :War is Peace, freedom is slavery, Bush is President. - On Tue, 7 Sep 2004, Matt Crawford wrote: On Sep 6, 2004, at 21:52, R. A. Hettinga wrote: This would be a good thing. Because to rebuild the infrastructure based on symmetric crypto would bring the trusted third party (currently the CA) out of the shadows and into the light.
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So here's the 'obvious' question: How fast can dedicated hardware run if it were a dedicated Stegedetect processor? In other words, how easy would it be for NSA, et al to scan 'every' photo on the internet for Stego traces? (And then, every photo being emailed?) And then, how fast can someone write a worm that will make every photo stored on a harddrive look like it's been stegoed? -TD From: Sunder [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: stegedetect - looks like we need better mice Date: Tue, 7 Sep 2004 05:53:08 -0400 (edt) http://freshmeat.net/projects/stegdetect/?branch_id=52957release_id=172055 http://www.outguess.org/detection.php Steganography Detection with Stegdetect Stegdetect is an automated tool for detecting steganographic content in images. It is capable of detecting several different steganographic methods to embed hidden information in JPEG images. Currently, the detectable schemes are * jsteg, * jphide (unix and windows), * invisible secrets, * outguess 01.3b, * F5 (header analysis), * appendX and camouflage. Stegbreak is used to launch dictionary attacks against JSteg-Shell, JPHide and OutGuess 0.13b. Stegdetect and Stegbreak have been developed by Niels Provos. --Kaos-Keraunos-Kybernetos--- + ^ + :Our enemies are innovative and resourceful, and so are we. /|\ \|/ :They never stop thinking about new ways to harm our country /\|/\ --*--:and our people, and neither do we. -G. W. Bush, 2004.08.05 \/|\/ /|\ : \|/ + v + :War is Peace, freedom is slavery, Bush is President. - _ Check out Election 2004 for up-to-date election news, plus voter tools and more! http://special.msn.com/msn/election2004.armx
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What are the risks associated with partially know cipher keys
I am fairly sure this is a particularily naive question but its been making me think for a few days. The question that I'd like to ask of those more in the know than I is: Does partially known passphrases/cipher keys offer a great risk to encryption? Obviously for something simple like a Vigenere cipher its a huge problem. However, does it offer a great risk for something like OpenPGP if the passphrase used to access the secretkey is partially compromised? And in turn if the passphrase is completely known yet the secret key is still secured (physically) does knowing this passphrase risk a complete compromise of the key pair? -- Padraig MacIain url: http://www.bur.st/~darke/ (Nimheil) That is not dead which can eternal lie, and with strange aeons even death may die.
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http://freshmeat.net/projects/stegdetect/?branch_id=52957release_id=172055 http://www.outguess.org/detection.php Steganography Detection with Stegdetect Stegdetect is an automated tool for detecting steganographic content in images. It is capable of detecting several different steganographic methods to embed hidden information in JPEG images. Currently, the detectable schemes are * jsteg, * jphide (unix and windows), * invisible secrets, * outguess 01.3b, * F5 (header analysis), * appendX and camouflage. Stegbreak is used to launch dictionary attacks against JSteg-Shell, JPHide and OutGuess 0.13b. Stegdetect and Stegbreak have been developed by Niels Provos. --Kaos-Keraunos-Kybernetos--- + ^ + :Our enemies are innovative and resourceful, and so are we. /|\ \|/ :They never stop thinking about new ways to harm our country /\|/\ --*--:and our people, and neither do we. -G. W. Bush, 2004.08.05 \/|\/ /|\ : \|/ + v + :War is Peace, freedom is slavery, Bush is President. -
Re: Maths holy grail could bring disaster for internet
On Sep 6, 2004, at 21:52, R. A. Hettinga wrote: But the proof should give us more understanding of how the primes work, and therefore the proof might be translated into something that might produce this prime spectrometer. If it does, it will bring the whole of e-commerce to its knees, overnight. So there are very big implications. This would be a good thing. Because to rebuild the infrastructure based on symmetric crypto would bring the trusted third party (currently the CA) out of the shadows and into the light.
Digital content spurs micropayments resurgence
http://zdnet.com.com/2102-1104_2-5347513.html?tag=printthis Digital content spurs micropayments resurgence By Matt Hines CNET News.com September 7, 2004, 4:00 AM PT URL: http://zdnet.com.com/2100-1104-5347513.html Think small. With its meteoric rise to success, Apple Computer's iTunes digital music service not only changed perceptions about whether consumers were willing to pay for online content, but it also highlighted the rising promise of micropayments. On Tuesday, 2-year-old BitPass, a payment company in Palo Alto, Calif., is expected to announce $11.75 million in venture capital, along with the news that former American Express Chairman James Robinson III will join its board of directors. Robinson is also a partner in one of the firms investing in BitPass, New York-based RRE Ventures. News.context What's new: The success of digital music sales has purveyors of micropayment services humming a happy tune. Bottom line:Micropayments have failed to become a macro-business, but the increasing popularity of digital content could bring a cloudburst of pennies from heaven. More stories on micropayments While credit card companies and online transaction specialists like PayPal are ringing up bigger sales online, business models aimed at helping e-commerce vendors facilitate smaller deals, or micropayments, are getting a boost from digital content sales. If this sounds familiar, it should. But the so-called Internet currency vendors of the dot-com era, companies including Beenz, Flooz and DigiCash, failed to generate enough business fostering micropayments to survive. Fast-forward a few years, and news that iTunes topped 125 million downloads last week is more evidence that digital content may hold the key to unlocking the low end of e-commerce. Micropayments are typified by the 99 cents that iTunes charges to download a song or the $2.99 users might see on their Cingular Wireless phone bills after buying a custom ring tone. According to recent research published by TowerGroup, the total market for Internet and wireless micropayments, led by demand for digital content, will increase by 23 percent annually over the next five years to reach $11.5 billion by 2009. TowerGroup, based in Needham, Mass., charted the micropayments market at just over $2 billion in 2003. Bruce Cundiff, an analyst with Jupiter Research, thinks the e-commerce market is in its third or fourth wave of development of micropayment technologies. The success of iTunes, coupled with continued growth of broadband, will make digital content the catalyst that pushes the sector forward rapidly, Cundiff said. What it comes down to is that there simply must be a viable transaction model for smaller-cost products to make a dollar off e-commerce sales, but I think with what we've seen already in digital media, it's clear that people are figuring out how to make it work, Cundiff said. Tuning up for takeoff Web shoppers have historically preferred to pay with credit cards. But because credit card companies typically charges fees for processing and customer service on every transaction, credit cards can be an extremely inefficient way of making a small purchase, with the fees often eating most of the profit margin. Still consumers have begun to get used to the idea of buying small items over the Net. Growth of the digital content market seems almost a certainty, based on the projected expansion of segments including music services, Internet publishing, and applications for mobile devices, such as custom ring tones or games. Cambridge, Mass., analyst firm Forrester Research has predicted that music downloads alone will become a $1.4 billion business by 2006, accounting for nearly 10 percent of annual music sales in the United States. Jupiter Research estimates that revenue from online content will reach $3.1 billion by 2009, driven by an increasing number of broadband-ready homes spending money on Web-based music services, games and e-books, among other things. Industry experts agree that iTunes deserves a lot of the credit for opening consumers' eyes to the option of buying online in micro-size increments, and most seem to feel that digital content will continue to dominate the market for small Web-based transactions. Micropayments don't just represent buying low-priced items. They can also can be used to get people to test new products, or try out a service that charges a lot more for a subscription. --analyst Nick Holland, Mercator Advisory Group According to Nick Holland, an analyst with Shrewsbury, Mass.-based Mercator Advisory Group, growth of the micropayments market will be almost completely dependent on music, ring tones and games, specifically, at least for the next several years. The analyst estimates that such content will constitute a $2.3 billion market in the United States this year alone, and while Holland said subscriptions will remain consumers' favorite method of payment for digital content,
Re: What are the risks associated with partially know cipher keys
On Tue, 7 Sep 2004 13:24:39 +0800, Padraig MacIain said: problem. However, does it offer a great risk for something like OpenPGP if the passphrase used to access the secretkey is partially That depends on quality of the passphrase; it makes dictionary attacks easier. compromised? And in turn if the passphrase is completely known yet the secret key is still secured (physically) does knowing this passphrase risk a complete compromise of the key pair? No. The protection of the private key is is independent of the key. They are in no way related. The key is based on a random string and only the protection of this key is based on the passphrase. This protection only helps against a lost (but protected) private key. Salam-Shalom, Werner
Re: What are the risks associated with partially know cipher keys
Thank you for your answers Werner. I was fairly certain myself about the first question you answered. Its a 'well its obvious' kind of question. I wasn't sure about the second one, and I am too snowed under at work dealing with radius and voip stuff for me to read through the various *PGP source codes around to look at it from a logical point of view. Many thanks. On Tue, 07 Sep 2004 14:06:29 +0200, Werner Koch [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On Tue, 7 Sep 2004 13:24:39 +0800, Padraig MacIain said: problem. However, does it offer a great risk for something like OpenPGP if the passphrase used to access the secretkey is partially That depends on quality of the passphrase; it makes dictionary attacks easier. compromised? And in turn if the passphrase is completely known yet the secret key is still secured (physically) does knowing this passphrase risk a complete compromise of the key pair? No. The protection of the private key is is independent of the key. They are in no way related. The key is based on a random string and only the protection of this key is based on the passphrase. This protection only helps against a lost (but protected) private key. Salam-Shalom, Werner -- Padraig MacIain url: http://www.bur.st/~darke/ (Nimheil) That is not dead which can eternal lie, and with strange aeons even death may die.
Re: Maths holy grail could bring disaster for internet
Forgive my ignorance, but would other PK schemes that don't rely on prime numbers such as Elliptic Curve be affected? --Kaos-Keraunos-Kybernetos--- + ^ + :Our enemies are innovative and resourceful, and so are we. /|\ \|/ :They never stop thinking about new ways to harm our country /\|/\ --*--:and our people, and neither do we. -G. W. Bush, 2004.08.05 \/|\/ /|\ : \|/ + v + :War is Peace, freedom is slavery, Bush is President. - On Tue, 7 Sep 2004, Matt Crawford wrote: On Sep 6, 2004, at 21:52, R. A. Hettinga wrote: This would be a good thing. Because to rebuild the infrastructure based on symmetric crypto would bring the trusted third party (currently the CA) out of the shadows and into the light.
Gilmore case: CNN
http://www.cnn.com/2004/LAW/09/06/airline.id.ap/index.html Government wants ID arguments secret Monday, September 6, 2004 Posted: 4:07 PM EDT (2007 GMT) SAN FRANCISCO, California (AP) -- The U.S. Department of Justice has asked an appellate court to keep its arguments secret for a case in which privacy advocate John Gilmore is challenging federal requirements to show identification before boarding an airplane. A federal statute and other regulations prohibit the disclosure of sensitive security information, and that is precisely what is alleged to be at issue here, the government said in court papers filed Friday with the U.S. Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals. Disclosing the restricted information would be detrimental to the security of transportation, the government wrote. Attorneys for Gilmore, a 49-year-old San Francisco resident who co-founded the Electronic Frontier Foundation, a civil liberties group, said they don't buy the government's argument and that its latest request raises only more questions. We're dealing with the government's review of a secret law that now they want a secret judicial review for, one of Gilmore's attorneys, James Harrison, said in a phone interview Sunday. This administration's use of a secret law is more dangerous to the security of the nation than any external threat. Gilmore first sued the government and several airlines in July 2002 after airline agents refused to let him board planes in San Francisco and Oakland without first showing an ID or submitting to a more intense search. He claimed in his lawsuit the ID requirement was vague and ineffective and violated his constitutional protections against illegal searches and seizures. A U.S. District Court judge earlier this year dismissed his claims against the airlines, but said his challenge to the government belonged in a federal appellate court. Now in his appellate case, Gilmore maintains the federal government has yet to disclose the regulations behind the ID requirement to which he was subjected. How are people supposed to follow laws if they don't know what they are? Harrison said. The government contends its court arguments should be sealed from public view and heard before a judge outside the presence of Gilmore and his attorneys. The government, however, said it would plan to file another redacted public version of its arguments. A date for a hearing on the matter has not yet been set.
Re: stegedetect Variola's Suitcase
Joseph Holsten wrote... who are ya tryin to fool? Well, just in case it's not obvious, the clear issue here is whether the use of Stego is actually merely a red flag, in which case it may actually be worse than using nothing on some levels. If every message used it, though... -TD _ Express yourself instantly with MSN Messenger! Download today - it's FREE! http://messenger.msn.click-url.com/go/onm00200471ave/direct/01/
RE: stegedetect Variola's Suitcase
So here's the 'obvious' question: How fast can dedicated hardware run if it were a dedicated Stegedetect processor? In other words, how easy would it be for NSA, et al to scan 'every' photo on the internet for Stego traces? (And then, every photo being emailed?) And then, how fast can someone write a worm that will make every photo stored on a harddrive look like it's been stegoed? -TD From: Sunder [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: stegedetect - looks like we need better mice Date: Tue, 7 Sep 2004 05:53:08 -0400 (edt) http://freshmeat.net/projects/stegdetect/?branch_id=52957release_id=172055 http://www.outguess.org/detection.php Steganography Detection with Stegdetect Stegdetect is an automated tool for detecting steganographic content in images. It is capable of detecting several different steganographic methods to embed hidden information in JPEG images. Currently, the detectable schemes are * jsteg, * jphide (unix and windows), * invisible secrets, * outguess 01.3b, * F5 (header analysis), * appendX and camouflage. Stegbreak is used to launch dictionary attacks against JSteg-Shell, JPHide and OutGuess 0.13b. Stegdetect and Stegbreak have been developed by Niels Provos. --Kaos-Keraunos-Kybernetos--- + ^ + :Our enemies are innovative and resourceful, and so are we. /|\ \|/ :They never stop thinking about new ways to harm our country /\|/\ --*--:and our people, and neither do we. -G. W. Bush, 2004.08.05 \/|\/ /|\ : \|/ + v + :War is Peace, freedom is slavery, Bush is President. - _ Check out Election 2004 for up-to-date election news, plus voter tools and more! http://special.msn.com/msn/election2004.armx
Re: stegedetect Variola's Suitcase
On Tue, 07 Sep 2004 11:22:28 -0400, Tyler Durden [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: How fast can dedicated hardware run if it were a dedicated Stegedetect processor? .. In other words, how easy would it be for NSA, et al to scan 'every' photo on the internet for Stego traces? (And then, every photo being emailed?) Although I haven't looked at the code behind stegedetect yet, I can assume that a single dedicated processor would be less efficient that perhaps two or three dedicated processors. Some steg (appendx, camouflage) isn't steg, just data appended to the end of the file, in valid jpeg encapsulation. Real steg (f5, jsteg, jphide, steghide) would require looking at more data, for more time. it would be a waste to have the same processor working on appended data and real steg. Quick answer: I don't know / Depends on the data. And then, how fast can someone write a worm that will make every photo stored on a harddrive look like it's been stegoed? Again, you'd have to decide between real and fake steg. Appending a fortune message to the end of an image would be really quick, and would alert stegedetect. But if you want to signal the nsa, you'd need real steg with real (but breakable) crypto. The difference is quick perl script versus a modified jpeg library. who are ya tryin to fool? [EMAIL PROTECTED]
RE: stegedetect Variola's Suitcase
The answer to that question depends on some leg work which involves converting the source code to stegetect into hardware and seeing how fast that hardware runs, then multiplying by X where X is how many of the chips you can afford to build. I'd image that it's a lot faster to have some hw that gives you a yea/nay on each JPG, than to say, attempt to crack DES. --Kaos-Keraunos-Kybernetos--- + ^ + :Our enemies are innovative and resourceful, and so are we. /|\ \|/ :They never stop thinking about new ways to harm our country /\|/\ --*--:and our people, and neither do we. -G. W. Bush, 2004.08.05 \/|\/ /|\ : \|/ + v + :War is Peace, freedom is slavery, Bush is President. - On Tue, 7 Sep 2004, Tyler Durden wrote: So here's the 'obvious' question: How fast can dedicated hardware run if it were a dedicated Stegedetect processor? In other words, how easy would it be for NSA, et al to scan 'every' photo on the internet for Stego traces? (And then, every photo being emailed?) And then, how fast can someone write a worm that will make every photo stored on a harddrive look like it's been stegoed?
Re: Remailers an unsolveable paradox?
-- On 4 Sep 2004 at 21:50, Nomen Nescio wrote: The ratio of remailer use to abuse is painfully low because there's no way to actually communicate. You can broadcast but not recieve, because no system exists to receive mail psuedononymously. This is not communication. Remailer use is restricted to when senders don't care about listener, which means rants, death threats, and the abuse of spam. The only systems for receiving mail are at best some college student's unimplemented thesis. alt.anonymous.messages provides a channel for people who wish to receive messages without themselves being identified. If I want to receive a message without providing and email address that can be traced, I ask the recipient to post in in the newsgroups such as alt.anonymous.messages. For obvious reasons people who read alt.anonymous.messages, or think they might need to read it in the future, download the newsgroup in its entireity. --digsig James A. Donald 6YeGpsZR+nOTh/cGwvITnSR3TdzclVpR0+pr3YYQdkG fzparMQ1YGMHFGGQ4eabvrdbfX3oQPnGSeUNNkuX 4UV3sPQUJdBwqav34D5pBXRBNtLg+GX5dxE+YM5P8
RE: Gilmore case...Who can make laws?
On Tue, 7 Sep 2004, Tyler Durden wrote: This describes the Government as creating secret laws. But, theoretically, only the congress and the Senate can create new laws, correct? The Executive branch has never been empowered to create laws, and I'm thinking these travel laws did not go through congress or the senate. Well, there's the Executive Order, as well as the fact that many organizations are empowered to create policy. Although policy is not specifically law, it may as well be. I am curious though: 1) Can the laws that grant policy making privileges be themselves secret? 2) Are policy making privilege laws restricted within a certain scope (within a specific organization)? 3) Are all *SIGNED* executive orders publically available? -Chuck -- http://www.quantumlinux.com Quantum Linux Laboratories, LLC. ACCELERATING Business with Open Technology The measure of the restoration lies in the extent to which we apply social values more noble than mere monetary profit. - FDR
Re: Gilmore case...Who can make laws?
TD writes: This describes the Government as creating secret laws. But, theoretically, only the congress and the Senate can create new laws, correct? The Executive branch has never been empowered to create laws, and I'm thinking these travel laws did not go through congress or the senate. The big loophole here is regulation. Congress passes a law declaring that some governmental organization has the power to regulate something, and then that organization may create rules, impose financial penalties, and send people to jail under a plethora of laws against obstructing organizations blessed with regulatory powers. Congress, for instance, does not make every single law governing the behavior of pharmacutical companies, or every single law governing the use of the radio spectrum. Instead, it makes one law granting the FDA or FCC regulatory powers, and exercises only oversight with regards to their subsequent behavior. An argument that the TSA cannot make rules, even secret rules, regulating air travel, because it is not Congress, will not pass the giggle test in court, unless you can show that the TSA exceeded its regulatory powers. -- Eric Michael Cordian 0+ O:.T:.O:. Mathematical Munitions Division Do What Thou Wilt Shall Be The Whole Of The Law
RE: stegedetect Variola's Suitcase
At 11:57 AM 9/7/04 -0400, Sunder wrote: The answer to that question depends on some leg work which involves converting the source code to stegetect into hardware and seeing how fast that hardware runs, then multiplying by X where X is how many of the chips you can afford to build. A quick perusal of stegdetect.c, attending to how it analyzes jphide images, indicates that it computes histograms of DCT coefficients and then performs chi^2 tests on the distributions. Since this is fairly easy on a generic RISC CPU, one might be better off with a rack o' blades or even a cluster. Particularly because most JPGs will fit inside your typical 21st century-sized processor cache. Note that a streaming implementation is not easy because JPG data will have to be reassembled from transport-level packet quantization; e.g., a 200KB JPG is a lot of 1500 byte packets. Better to snarf reassemble the JPG then analyze the whole captured image. Contrast this with e.g., block cipher accelerators that benefit from hardware implementation because they use bit-diddling not well supported by a typical instruction set. Or modexp() accelerators that benefit from parallelism. Joseph Holsten [EMAIL PROTECTED] is right that its a complete waste (and not really stego) to look for data appended to the image data. Any data appended there, especially noise :-), will be suspicious. I'd image that it's a lot faster to have some hw that gives you a yea/nay on each JPG, than to say, attempt to crack DES. Stegdetect is performing a signal-detection task. As such, it measures a continuous variable, then thresholds it to make a decision. Therefore there is a tradeoff between sensitivity and false positives. For instance, I produced a test, jphide stego'd JPG which is *not* detected by stegdetect with default sensitivity, but using the -s 3 argument it scores one asterisk. The steganographer can make the steganalysts' jobs much harder by keeping the S/N down, ie by only using short messages in large images. This is alluded to in the jphide pages: Given a typical visual image, a low insertion rate (under 5%) and the absence of the original file, it is not possible to conclude with any worthwhile certainty that the host file contains inserted data. and follows from signal detection theory. It is also empirically true from some casual experimentation. Further commentary: * Stegdetect, though clever and well written (if poorly commented), barfs on a number of valid JPGs, including monochrome ones. * One could write a jphide variant which doesn't skew the coefficients e.g., if you use the upper half of an image for cargo, and the lower half to hide the changes. If instead of simplistic halves you used the passphrase to seed a PRNG you could disperse the cargo re-balancing changes much more subtly. * MPx format files have great potential, for both image, image-N-tuple, and audio stego; is that http://irenarchy.org hip-hop recruiting video really just a video? (And is morphing someone into a sesame-street character fair use?) * Note that stego dictionary-attack breaking *would* benefit from compression- and crypto- accelerators for obvious reasons. But the topic here is stego detection. --- Steganography is in the eye of the beholder. -Viktor.
Re: Maths holy grail could bring disaster for internet
RAH pastes: Tim Radford, science editor Tuesday September 7, 2004 The Guardian Mathematicians could be on the verge of solving two separate million dollar problems. If they are right - still a big if - and somebody really has cracked the so-called Riemann hypothesis, financial disaster might follow. Suddenly all cryptic codes could be breakable. No internet transaction would be safe. Bullshit. A constructive proof of NP=P would doom strong crypto. A proof of the Riemann hypothesis MIGHT lead to polynomial time factoring, which would break RSA, but leave the rest of cryptography largely untouched. The Guardian needs to raise the bar a bit for that which it alleges to be Science Writing. Louis de Branges proves the Riemann Hypothesis every year, by the way. -- Eric Michael Cordian 0+ O:.T:.O:. Mathematical Munitions Division Do What Thou Wilt Shall Be The Whole Of The Law
Re: Gilmore case...Who can make laws?
On Tue, 7 Sep 2004, Eric Cordian wrote: An argument that the TSA cannot make rules, even secret rules, regulating air travel, because it is not Congress, will not pass the giggle test in court, unless you can show that the TSA exceeded its regulatory powers. Absolutely correct. I am however intrigued that they may be preparing to posit that secret rules (which act under color of law) can be enforced without being described publicly. This, if accepted, would effectively end all constitutional protections. -- Yours, J.A. Terranson [EMAIL PROTECTED] 0xBD4A95BF ...justice is a duty towards those whom you love and those whom you do not. And people's rights will not be harmed if the opponent speaks out about them. Osama Bin Laden - - - There aught to be limits to freedom!George Bush - - - Which one scares you more?
