Re: what is the difference between w95 FAT32 and w95 FAT32 (LBA)

2010-08-21 Thread Kamaraju S Kusumanchi
Memnon Anon wrote:

> Kamaraju S Kusumanchi  writes:
> 
>> While running cfdisk, it lists various file system types. Is there a
>> document which explains the difference between similar file systems?
> [...]
>> Similarly, If I want to create FAT32 partition so that I can exchange
>> files between windows and Linux, should I go with "0B W95 FAT32" or ""w95
>> FAT32" "w95 FAT32 (LBA)"
>>
>> What are the advantages in choosing one over the other? I tried to
>> google, /usr/share/doc/util-linux etc., but could not find anything
>> useful.
> 
> One of the first google hits gave me this for fat32:
> 

Interesting! I searched for

difference between "w95 FAT32" and "w95 FAT32 (LBA)"

in google. All the results are pretty useless. What did you search for?

> ,-[http://forums.techguy.org/hardware/723781-fat-32-drive-size-
limitations.html]
> | In Linux the Fat32 has two types; Type b is for Win95 OSR2 Fat32 with a
> | partition up to 2047Mb and Type c is for LBA-mapped capable of 2Tb size.
> | 
> | The type b is for the early Win95 system and type c is for later Win95
> | and all Win98.
> `
> 

thanks. That helps.
raju

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Re: what is the difference between w95 FAT32 and w95 FAT32 (LBA)

2010-08-21 Thread Memnon Anon
Kamaraju S Kusumanchi  writes:

> While running cfdisk, it lists various file system types. Is there a 
> document which explains the difference between similar file systems?
[...] 
> Similarly, If I want to create FAT32 partition so that I can exchange files 
> between windows and Linux, should I go with "0B W95 FAT32" or ""w95 FAT32" 
> "w95 FAT32 (LBA)"
>
> What are the advantages in choosing one over the other? I tried to google, 
> /usr/share/doc/util-linux etc., but could not find anything useful.

One of the first google hits gave me this for fat32:

,-[http://forums.techguy.org/hardware/723781-fat-32-drive-size-limitations.html]
| In Linux the Fat32 has two types; Type b is for Win95 OSR2 Fat32 with a
| partition up to 2047Mb and Type c is for LBA-mapped capable of 2Tb size.
| 
| The type b is for the early Win95 system and type c is for later Win95
| and all Win98.
`

Don't know how trustworthy it is, though...

hth 
Memnon


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Re: kvm Vs qemu-kvm Vs qemu -enable-kvm

2010-08-21 Thread Javier Vasquez
On 8/21/10, Bhasker C V  wrote:
> Hi all,
>
>   I could not google out and get an effective information on what is the
> difference between the above. Can someone explain me please ?
>
>   I am talking here about the user space application only and not the
> kernel module or kqemu.
>
>   I can see kvm is supplied by the kvm developer site which is a modified
> qemu
>
>   I can also see qemu-kvm which is installed in the machines by package
> managers
>
>   I can also see qemu (the original version from qemu.org) has support for
> kvm using the switch -enable-kvm
>
>   In all the 3 cases i can see all of them using the kvm_intel module (mine
> is an intel machine).
>
>   So what is the difference ? Qemu (from the qemu.org by Fabrice Bellard
> ) also supports kvm and the kvm site gives its own kvm whcih is also
> modfied qemu. The qemu from the qemu.org site looks better since it has
> support for gigabit ethernet emulation as-well-as it can do USB 2.0
> emulation which I am seeing it lacking in kvm versions (atleast untill 88)
>
>   what to use ? kvm or qemu with -enable-kvm ? is there a difference
> between these two in the subject of performance ?
>
> Bhasker C V
> Registered linux user #306349
> Fedora Ambassador: Bhaslinux

On debian unstable, and I believe sqeeze, you have to install
qemu-kvm, and that will not provide a qemu-kvm binary.  Instead you'll
have to call "qemu -enable-kvm".  That's the way it is on debian
unstable.

With the qemu-system package you won't get to enable kvm, though you
can install both.  If you don't mind installing both, then the meta
package qemu is pretty useful so you get all user land applications to
generate images and the like...

Some other distros provide executable qemu-kvm, like archLinux, but if
you noticed it's the same as calling "qemu -enable-kvm", actually
that's what they recommend in some of their forums.  So it all depends
on the distro and the versions, I believe...

-- 
Javier.


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kvm Vs qemu-kvm Vs qemu -enable-kvm

2010-08-21 Thread Bhasker C V

Hi all,

 I could not google out and get an effective information on what is the 
difference between the above. Can someone explain me please ?


 I am talking here about the user space application only and not the 
kernel module or kqemu.


 I can see kvm is supplied by the kvm developer site which is a modified 
qemu


 I can also see qemu-kvm which is installed in the machines by package 
managers


 I can also see qemu (the original version from qemu.org) has support for kvm 
using the switch -enable-kvm

 In all the 3 cases i can see all of them using the kvm_intel module (mine 
is an intel machine).


 So what is the difference ? Qemu (from the qemu.org by Fabrice Bellard 
) also supports kvm and the kvm site gives its own kvm whcih is also 
modfied qemu. The qemu from the qemu.org site looks better since it has 
support for gigabit ethernet emulation as-well-as it can do USB 2.0 
emulation which I am seeing it lacking in kvm versions (atleast untill 88)


 what to use ? kvm or qemu with -enable-kvm ? is there a difference 
between these two in the subject of performance ?


Bhasker C V
Registered linux user #306349
Fedora Ambassador: Bhaslinux



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what is the difference between w95 FAT32 and w95 FAT32 (LBA)

2010-08-21 Thread Kamaraju S Kusumanchi
While running cfdisk, it lists various file system types. Is there a 
document which explains the difference between similar file systems?

In particular, if I want to have a windows XP type of filesystem, do I go 
with "07 HPFS/NTFS" or "86 NTFS volume set" or "87 NTFS volume set"?

Similarly, If I want to create FAT32 partition so that I can exchange files 
between windows and Linux, should I go with "0B W95 FAT32" or ""w95 FAT32" 
"w95 FAT32 (LBA)"

What are the advantages in choosing one over the other? I tried to google, 
/usr/share/doc/util-linux etc., but could not find anything useful.

thanks
raju
-- 
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http://malayamaarutham.blogspot.com/


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Re: From console to GUI

2010-08-21 Thread Scarletdown
On Sat, Aug 21, 2010 at 4:37 AM, Klistvud  wrote:
> Dne, 20. 08. 2010 16:01:31 je Camaleón napisal(a):
>>
>> I now use GNOME. I "used" KDE 3.x branch which I liked *a lot*, but
>> switched to GNOME as soon as KDE4 entered into scene.
>>
>
> +1
>

I dropped KDE myself after 4 was foisted on us.  After trying a number
of DEs (including GNOME), I settled on Enlightenment, and that is now
my default for all fresh installs.  :)  However, for my login manager,
I do still use GDM, since it is so easy to set up XDMCP remote login
capabilities (XDM and XDM based greeters don't seem capable of this
without mucking around with various config files).


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Re: gdm crashes unexpectedly every now and then

2010-08-21 Thread Camaleón
On Sat, 21 Aug 2010 14:29:32 -0700, Peter Tenenbaum wrote:

> Camaleon --
> 
> OK, I've posted a concatenation of the last 3 Xorg log files to
> http://pastebin.com/eXhSQyEL .  

Thanks! :-)

> I'm pretty sure that the last one of the
> 3 (Xorg.20.log) was the one which was in use at the time of the problem,
> the next-most-recent (Xorg.0.log.old) was the one which started at that
> time, and the most recent one (Xorg.0.log) is from a restart performed
> this morning.

O.k... I see no relevant errors in all the files (just two [WW] warnings 
and only one [EE] error about Logitech input device) :-(

Maybe there is something at "/var/log/syslog" or even "~/.xsession-
errors".

Does the crash happen as soon as you login or randomly once you are in a 
session? Does it happens after any of the power saving settings come into 
play or after restoring from hibernation/suspend state? Do you have any 
of those fancy desktop effects enabled?

...

I've performed other query in Google and found another similar bug (this 
one from Ubuntbu):

[gm45] X crashes and restarts with *ERROR* Failed to pin buffer 4 of 17 
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/xserver-xorg-video-intel/+bug/528432

Maybe it is worth to report it in Debian BTS :-?

Greetings,

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Re: Cups+gutenprint color balance shot.

2010-08-21 Thread Roger Leigh
On Sat, Aug 21, 2010 at 02:23:22PM -0700, Gary Roach wrote:
> Thanks for the return.
>
> The RX680 is listed as one the printers in the Cups setup program.
>
> Here is the file you requested.
> # Printer configuration file for CUPS v1.4.4
> # Written by cupsd
> # DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE WHEN CUPSD IS RUNNING
> 
> Info Epson Stylus Photo RX680
> Location Here
> MakeModel Epson Stylus Photo RX680 - CUPS+Gutenprint v5.2.5
> DeviceURI smb://gary:xxx...@workgroup/ctech/epson

There's nothing wrong with the printers.conf definition, so it's
not a CUPS configuration issue.


Regards,
Roger

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 `. `'   Printing on GNU/Linux?   http://gutenprint.sourceforge.net/
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Re: gdm crashes unexpectedly every now and then

2010-08-21 Thread Peter Tenenbaum
Camaleon --

OK, I've posted a concatenation of the last 3 Xorg log files to
http://pastebin.com/eXhSQyEL .  I'm pretty sure that the last one of the 3
(Xorg.20.log) was the one which was in use at the time of the problem, the
next-most-recent (Xorg.0.log.old) was the one which started at that time,
and the most recent one (Xorg.0.log) is from a restart performed this
morning.

Thanks for all your help with this!

-PT


Re: Cups+gutenprint color balance shot.

2010-08-21 Thread Gary Roach

Thanks for the return.

The RX680 is listed as one the printers in the Cups setup program.

Here is the file you requested.
# Printer configuration file for CUPS v1.4.4
# Written by cupsd
# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE WHEN CUPSD IS RUNNING

Info Epson Stylus Photo RX680
Location Here
MakeModel Epson Stylus Photo RX680 - CUPS+Gutenprint v5.2.5
DeviceURI smb://gary:xxx...@workgroup/ctech/epson
State Idle
StateTime 1279057966
Type 8425500
Filter application/vnd.cups-raw 0 -
Filter application/vnd.cups-raster 100 rastertogutenprint.5.2
Filter application/vnd.cups-command 33 commandtoepson
Accepting Yes
Shared Yes
JobSheets none none
QuotaPeriod 0
PageLimit 0
KLimit 0
OpPolicy default
ErrorPolicy stop-printer



I may post this on the gimp-print-devel mailing list as Roger Leigh 
suggested.


Gary R.





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Re: 2.34 Kernel Won't Boot

2010-08-21 Thread Stephen Powell
On Sat, 21 Aug 2010 15:02:26 -0400 (EDT), David Baron wrote:
> 
> The MB of the current machine is an older "AOpen" with a VIA chipset.
> The new one will be a Winsonic with Intel chipset. That has both SATA and IDE 
> and my current disks will be placed on the IDE as now.

I don't have any first-hand knowledge of your hardware, but I see
that you are using a custom-built kernel and the lilo boot loader,
and you are having issues with the new libata drivers.  You might
want to take a look at my kernel-building web page,

   http://www.wowway.com/~zlinuxman/Kernel.htm

It addresses all these issues at some level.  Perhaps you will find
something useful there.  Pay particular attention to step 10, the
proper application of which is *essential* for anyone using the lilo
boot loader under Squeeze/Sid, whether they use stock kernels or
custom kernels.

-- 
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 : :'  :
 `. `'`
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Re: gdm crashes unexpectedly every now and then

2010-08-21 Thread Camaleón
On Sat, 21 Aug 2010 12:40:36 -0700, Peter Tenenbaum wrote:

> Camaleon -- I've looked at several of the Xorg.#.log and Xorg.#.log.old
> files, and no error is reported there.  All that I can see, in fact,
> appears to be startup information, not real log information (no
> datestamps are present, for example).  Am I looking in the wrong place?

No, that is the right place. 

Please, upload the full log "/var/log/Xorg.0.log" to any online site such 
www.pastebin.com so we can take a look.

Greetings,

-- 
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Re: Cups+gutenprint color balance shot.

2010-08-21 Thread Camaleón
On Sat, 21 Aug 2010 10:12:30 -0700, Gary Roach wrote:

> I have been doing all of my color printing on my Win2K system directly
> attached to an Epson stylus photo RX680 printer. All is well. I just
> installed a new computer on my office network that runs on linux. I am
> using Samba and Cups+gutenprint v5.2.5 with the Win2K/Epson printer as
> my network printer. For text printing everything works fine. I decided
> to shift my color work to the new computer (at least 10x faster than any
> other computer on the net) and was shocked when I printed a NFTA label
> (those diamond shaped labels you see on hazardous material containers)
> when the red came out peach and the blue came out purple. The same file
> printed on the Win2K system is fine. All linux systems are running the
> latest Squeeze software and kernel 2.6.32-trunk-686 #1 SMP Sun Jan 10
> 06:32:16 UTC 2010.

(...)

Remember that Epson printers/all-in-one devices can also use Avasys¹ 
drivers (and there is still one more option, Turboprint², but you need to 
buy a licence for it and has a reduced support for printers brand and 
models).

Maybe Avasys drivers gives you a better print quality, but cannot confirm 
this point because I've never used that drivers before.

¹ http://www.avasys.jp/lx-bin2/linux_e/spc/DL1.do
² http://www.turboprint.info/

Greetings,

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Re: gdm crashes unexpectedly every now and then

2010-08-21 Thread Peter Tenenbaum
Camaleon -- I've looked at several of the Xorg.#.log and Xorg.#.log.old
files, and no error is reported there.  All that I can see, in fact, appears
to be startup information, not real log information (no datestamps are
present, for example).  Am I looking in the wrong place?

Bob -- I followed your procedure, and it indicates that there are no "vga="
clauses in the command line which invokes my kernel:

quar...@tibouchina:~$ cat /proc/cmdline
BOOT_IMAGE=/vmlinuz-2.6.32-5-amd64 root=/dev/mapper/tibouchina-root ro quiet

-PT


Re: xpdf fonts and xresources

2010-08-21 Thread Mathias Bauer
Hi!

* Andreas Goesele schrieb am Sa, 07.08.2010 um 12:51 (+0200):

> for me the xpdf fonts are too small. So I changed them by putting
> xpdf*fontList: -*-helvetica-medium-r-*-*-*-140-*-*-*-*-iso8859-1
> into .Xresources
>
> But this leaves the fontsize of the textareas ("Page", Search
> field, printing dialog) unchanged. Is there a way to change the
> fontsize for these areas in .Xresources?

Have you already tried the editres program (package x11-utils)?

Keep xpdf running and start editres.  After getting the resource
tree into editres you can alter nearly any resource while xpdf is
running.  The altered resources can be saved.

Your question applies to some branch of the
".xpdf.win.form.toolBar.*" tree.

Good luck!
Mathias

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-
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Re: Cups+gutenprint color balance shot.

2010-08-21 Thread Roger Leigh
On Sat, Aug 21, 2010 at 10:12:30AM -0700, Gary Roach wrote:
> I have been doing all of my color printing on my Win2K system directly  
> attached to an Epson stylus photo RX680 printer. All is well. I just  
> installed a new computer on my office network that runs on linux. I am  
> using Samba and Cups+gutenprint v5.2.5 with the Win2K/Epson printer as  
> my network printer. For text printing everything works fine. I decided  
> to shift my color work to the new computer (at least 10x faster than any  
> other computer on the net) and was shocked when I printed a NFTA label  
> (those diamond shaped labels you see on hazardous material containers)  
> when the red came out peach and the blue came out purple. The same file  
> printed on the Win2K system is fine. All linux systems are running the  
> latest Squeeze software and kernel 2.6.32-trunk-686 #1 SMP Sun Jan 10  
> 06:32:16 UTC 2010.

Could you post the printer definition from printers.conf?

If it's a networked printer, you need to make sure the remote spooler
and/or printer aren't doing any further processing: you want the
raw output from gutenprint sent directly to the printer.  This should
already be the case.

The model should be supported by gutenprint:
  
However, if none of the developers of gutenprint have never seen
this particular model, the colour balance may never have been tuned.
Or, a change in gutenprint after the model was added may have caused
an unwanted regression in the colour balance for this model.

Firstly, I'd suggest trying gutenprint v5.2.6 from unstable.  It's
possible support was improved in the new release.  It was added last
weekend.  Make sure you upgrade cups-driver-gutenprint, libgutenprint2
and other dependent packages.

If this doesn't improve things, your best bet is to subscribe
to gimp-print-devel mailing list on the gutenprint project site and
ask the developers.  They can help you tune it and get the colour
balance right.


Regards,
Roger

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Re: Cups+gutenprint color balance shot.

2010-08-21 Thread Boyd Stephen Smith Jr.
In <4c7008fe.6060...@verizon.net>, Gary Roach wrote:
>Testing shows that switching between CYMK and RGB makes no difference.
>Pure magenta, yellow and cyan print correctly. The ligh colors red,
>yellow and blue print correctly but none of the other colors on the
>color selector are correct. I don't think tweeking color balance is
>going to help this problem. There is too great an error.
>
>Thanks for any help you may offer.

Yeah I'm pretty sure you need to mess around with color balance and color 
profiles on your OS(es), monitor, and printer.  If your pure colors are coming 
out correctly but your blends are not, it almost certainly means that the 
color curve being used by your printer is not the same as the one being used 
by your computer.

I'm not sure about color balance, but I do know Gamma values, which may 
matter, differ from WinXP to X11.
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ICQ: 514984 YM/AIM: DaTwinkDaddy `-'(. .)`-'
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Re: autotools troubles on Squeeze

2010-08-21 Thread Alberto Luaces
Jerome BENOIT writes:

> Hello List,
>
> it appeared that the line
>
> AX_CFLAGS_GCC_OPTION(-std=c99)
>
> in my configure.ac files now confuses autoconf.
> More precisely, the equal `=` causes the confusion.
>
> Any idea how to to fix it ?
>

Try quoting it:

AX_CFLAGS_GCC_OPTION([-std=c99])

-- 
Alberto


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Re: 2.34 Kernel Won't Boot

2010-08-21 Thread David Baron
On Friday 20 August 2010 12:18:11 debian-user-digest-requ...@lists.debian.org 
wrote:
> > I built this kernel for first time with new PATA rather than the old 
> > deprecated drivers. These are compiled-in, no initrd. Get cannot find
> > block  error, [2,22] or something like that.
> >
> > 
> >
> > Possibilities:
> > 1. Need to compile in VIA's driver as well. Not doing this prevented DMA 
> > access using  deprecated drivers a while back. I am doing this kernel for
> > a  new MB, not VIA chipset. Module is built.
> >
> > 
> >
> > 2. New drivers assign different dev names. Need to change to newer name
> > scheme  in lilo.conf. If so, this will wait for new machine since this
> > will render older kernel builds unusable. Current MB is an older
> > IDE-based machine. The new MB will be SATA but has an IDE as well (and
> > there are those adapters that plug in to the old disks to make them work
> > like SATA).
> >
> > 
> >
> > 3. Do not use 2.6.34. Has apparently been abandoned?
> >
> > 
> >
> > Can anyone tell me what to do? (I hope the older kernels will boot on the
> > new  MB.) Thanks in advance.
> 
> It would help tremendously if you told us exactly which IDE chip(s) you
> have, or your exact motherboard make/model#.

The MB of the current machine is an older "AOpen" with a VIA chipset.
The new one will be a Winsonic with Intel chipset. That has both SATA and IDE 
and my current disks will be placed on the IDE as now.


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Re: konqueror media protocol not supported

2010-08-21 Thread Boyd Stephen Smith Jr.
In , Camaleón wrote:
>On Fri, 20 Aug 2010 21:37:16 -0400, Kamaraju S Kusumanchi wrote:
>> Using Squeeze, konqueror Version 4.4.5 (KDE 4.4.5).
>> 
>> If I do konqueror -> F9 -> click on "storage media" link in the left
>> tab, an error pops up saying "protocol not supported media"

In my konqueror [Version 4.4.5 (KDE 4.4.5)], there is no "storage media" in 
the left tab, after I hit F9.

>> Anyone know how to fix that?
>
>I fairly doubt the media protocol (or any new replacement) has been
>completely removed from KDE4. There has to be a way to access media
>devices from Konqueror or Dolphin, or using auto-mounter plasmoid/widget.

Well, the "Protocol not supported: media" error specifically comes from the 
lack of a handler for URLs that start with "media:".  KDE 3 had one installed 
"by default".  KDE SC 4 does not.

You can compare behaviors directly by putting the URL "media://" into the 
location bar for both KDE 3 and KDE SC 4.

I think it is mostly replaced by the device notifier, but there are definitely 
things in the old "media:" protocol handler did that the device notifier does 
do (by default).
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Re: gdm crashes unexpectedly every now and then

2010-08-21 Thread Bob Proulx
Camaleón wrote:
> Peter Tenenbaum wrote:
> > Now for my next ignorant question: where do I go to find the
> > kernel command line, so I can see whether it includes a "vga="
> > clause?  I am using squeeze with all normal default options, if
> > that helps any.
> 
> It is located in GRUB's menu file (in GRUB legacy that is "/boot/grub/
> menu.lst", dunno for GRUB2.. maybe "/etc/defualt/grub"? :-?).

You can also see the command line that the currently running kernel
was invoked with by looking at /proc/cmdline.

  $ cat /proc/cmdline
  root=/dev/mapper/vg1-root ro 

  $ cat /proc/cmdline
  BOOT_IMAGE=/vmlinuz-2.6.32-5-amd64 root=/dev/mapper/v1-root ro quiet

Bob


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Re: gdm crashes unexpectedly every now and then

2010-08-21 Thread Camaleón
On Sat, 21 Aug 2010 11:04:32 -0700, Peter Tenenbaum wrote:

> Camaleon --
> 
> That certainly looks like my problem!  

Not that fast :-)

I would look first at your xorg log, the cause of your X crash can be 
totally unrelated to the bug's one.

> Now for my next ignorant
> question: where do I go to find the kernel command line, so I can see
> whether it includes a "vga=" clause?  I am using squeeze with all normal
> default options, if that helps any.

It is located in GRUB's menu file (in GRUB legacy that is "/boot/grub/
menu.lst", dunno for GRUB2.. maybe "/etc/defualt/grub"? :-?).

Greetings,

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Cups+gutenprint color balance shot.

2010-08-21 Thread Gary Roach

Hi;

I have been doing all of my color printing on my Win2K system directly 
attached to an Epson stylus photo RX680 printer. All is well. I just 
installed a new computer on my office network that runs on linux. I am 
using Samba and Cups+gutenprint v5.2.5 with the Win2K/Epson printer as 
my network printer. For text printing everything works fine. I decided 
to shift my color work to the new computer (at least 10x faster than any 
other computer on the net) and was shocked when I printed a NFTA label 
(those diamond shaped labels you see on hazardous material containers) 
when the red came out peach and the blue came out purple. The same file 
printed on the Win2K system is fine. All linux systems are running the 
latest Squeeze software and kernel 2.6.32-trunk-686 #1 SMP Sun Jan 10 
06:32:16 UTC 2010.


Testing shows that switching between CYMK and RGB makes no difference. 
Pure magenta, yellow and cyan print correctly. The ligh colors red, 
yellow and blue print correctly but none of the other colors on the 
color selector are correct. I don't think tweeking color balance is 
going to help this problem. There is too great an error.


Thanks for any help you may offer.

Gary R



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Re: gdm crashes unexpectedly every now and then

2010-08-21 Thread Peter Tenenbaum
Camaleon --

That certainly looks like my problem!  Now for my next ignorant question:
where do I go to find the kernel command line, so I can see whether it
includes a "vga=" clause?  I am using squeeze with all normal default
options, if that helps any.

-PT


Re: gdm crashes unexpectedly every now and then

2010-08-21 Thread Camaleón
On Sat, 21 Aug 2010 16:37:23 +, Camaleón wrote:

> On Fri, 20 Aug 2010 20:22:01 -0700, Peter Tenenbaum wrote:
> 
>> I've had 2 instances recently in which gdm unexpectedly crashed and
>> restarted.  This morning, the log reported the following:
> 
> (...)
> 
>> Aug 20 06:33:21 tibouchina kernel: [481166.096053]
>> [drm:i915_gem_do_execbuffer] *ERROR* 2020 objects [40 pinned],
>> 399417344
>
> Seems like X server is crashing (intel driver using KMS).

Mmmm, this may also help:

gdm_slave_xioerror_handler: Fatal X error - Restarting :0
http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=583498

Greetings,

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Re: gdm crashes unexpectedly every now and then

2010-08-21 Thread Camaleón
On Fri, 20 Aug 2010 20:22:01 -0700, Peter Tenenbaum wrote:

> I've had 2 instances recently in which gdm unexpectedly crashed and
> restarted.  This morning, the log reported the following:

(...)

> Aug 20 06:33:21 tibouchina kernel: [481166.096053]
> [drm:i915_gem_do_execbuffer] *ERROR* 2020 objects [40 pinned], 399417344
   
Seems like X server is crashing (intel driver using KMS).

> object bytes [133828608 pinned], 133828608/234881024 gtt bytes 
> Aug 20 06:33:22 tibouchina gdm[1994]: WARNING: 
> gdm_slave_xioerror_handler:
> Fatal X error - Restarting :0
> 
> Can anyone give me guidance about what the problem is and/or how to
> resolve it?

What does xorg log say?

Greetings,

-- 
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Re: contents of a CD (lenny) and what packages are needed for the basic (minimal) set OS

2010-08-21 Thread gun_smoke
On Sat, Aug 21, 2010 at 07:08:41PM +0400, Vladimir wrote:
> contents of a CD (lenny) and what packages are needed for the basic (minimal) 
> set OS
> 

You only need CD1 for a basic system.
http://www.debian.org/releases/stable/installmanual


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Sqeeze install: partition table not written

2010-08-21 Thread brownh
I'm restarting a query regarding a grub2 error 15 when trying to
do a a boot after a netboot install of Debian squeeze from a USB-key
and a boot hang when I do a netinst install from the USB-key.

Thinking I needed to fix GRUB2, I booted debianLive from a usb-key,
and found that I only have one partition on my HD: /dev/sda1, which is
mounted on /boot and is marked bootable. Its content is 628 Mb and has
the expected files in it, which suggests that the content for this
partion was properly installed. 

However, # fdisk -l says this is the only partition, althought during
installation I had created 14. # ls /dev | grep sda* returns only sda
and sda1. The partitioning during installation seemed to go smoothly,
as did the installation of files to those partitions.

When I do # mount, I find that /dev/sda1 is mounted in /fll/sda1, aufs
is mounted on /fll/aufs, and aufs is mounted on the various mount
points I had created. # ls reports all these mount points (/boot,
/root, /home, etc). When I do # df, I see aufs entries are mounted on
the various mount points created during partitioning. No idea what
this means. It seems all my partitions were merged during installation
and not unmerged from the aufs.

What would be a fix? 

Haines Brown 


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contents of a CD (lenny) and what packages are needed for the basic (minimal) set OS

2010-08-21 Thread Vladimir
contents of a CD (lenny) and what packages are needed for the basic (minimal) 
set OS

contents of each directory of the distribution and location of packages for a 
minimal installation (on CD)

содержание КД (lenny) и какие пакеты нужны для базовой (минимальной ) установки

содержание каждого каталога дистрибутива и где находятся пакеты для минимальной 
установки (на CD)


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Re: Send an email on . . .

2010-08-21 Thread Ralph Katz
On 08/19/2010 02:06 PM, Michael P. Soulier wrote:
> On 19/08/10 vr said:
> 
>> I've read about swatch and logwatch so far but the documentation I've
>> found is older. Are these the current best tools? Or can someone point me
>> at something that worked better than them that was not a full blown
>> commercial IDS?
> 
> Personally I'd be tempted to do a little perl or python scripting.
> 
> Mike

apt-cache show fail2ban

Just a thought... you may find it useful.

Ralph


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Re: understanding kernel panic message

2010-08-21 Thread Camaleón
On Sat, 21 Aug 2010 08:24:19 -0400, Miles Fidelman wrote:

> Camaleón wrote:
 
>> Better if you upload to some place the full error log or a snapshot if
>> the "panic" comes at installation time.
>>
>> When does the error occur?
>>
> The Lenny version of the Xen Hypervisor has a known bug that causes
> infrequent crash/reboot events.  It's the final console message before
> the hypervisor reboots.  It's been fixed in later versions.
> 
> But having encountered it more than a few times now, I've become curious
> about what's going on.  Which leads me to wonder if there's a guide
> somewhere to kernel panic messages.  I can't seem to find a cross
> reference to kernel panic messages - but there must be one somewhere.

Kernel panics can come from different sources. Logs will tell you where 
to start... anyway, you can always start from here:

http://www.google.com/webhp?hl=en#hl=en&q=debugging+linux+kernel+panics&fp=7bb5c562e6b4c787

Greetings,

-- 
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Re: googleearth 5.2

2010-08-21 Thread hugo vanwoerkom

Thierry Chatelet wrote:

On Friday 20 August 2010 16:48:58 hugo vanwoerkom wrote:

Thierry Chatelet wrote:

On Friday 20 August 2010 16:14:58 hugo vanwoerkom wrote:

Hi,


I can't get it to work on Lenny and i386, what distribution do you run?

Hugo


Squeeze.
Did you install using googleearth-package or the bin from google?
Also try starting it from a console to get,maybe, some error messages.



I tried both googleearth-package and the bin from Google and they both 
crash on takeoff. that is with 5.2 and Lenny. 5.1 works ok. The error 
appears in ~/.googleearth/crashlogs and is similar to the ones mentioned 
in the forum. When I have Sid up and running again, I'll try that.


Hugo


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Re: 2.34 Kernel Won't Boot

2010-08-21 Thread Ingo Kasten

Am 20.08.2010 09:30, schrieb David Baron:

I built this kernel for first time with new PATA rather than the old
deprecated drivers. These are compiled-in, no initrd. Get cannot find block
error, [2,22] or something like that.

Possibilities:
1. Need to compile in VIA's driver as well. Not doing this prevented DMA
access using  deprecated drivers a while back. I am doing this kernel for a
new MB, not VIA chipset. Module is built.

2. New drivers assign different dev names. Need to change to newer name scheme
in lilo.conf. If so, this will wait for new machine since this will render
older kernel builds unusable. Current MB is an older IDE-based machine. The
new MB will be SATA but has an IDE as well (and there are those adapters that
plug in to the old disks to make them work like SATA).

3. Do not use 2.6.34. Has apparently been abandoned?

Can anyone tell me what to do? (I hope the older kernels will boot on the new
MB.) Thanks in advance.


The above mentioned problems (mixing IDE/SATA optical drives) made me 
try 2.6.34 , too.
There is a prebuilt kernel and even a linux-kbuild of 2.6.34 
experimental in the repositories, which works for me with no problems.

See ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian/pool/main/l/linux-2.6/
and ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian/pool/main/l/linux-kbuild-2.6/

The new 2.6.35 kernel still has some startup issue for me .

Maybe that helps?

Ingo


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Re: understanding kernel panic message

2010-08-21 Thread Miles Fidelman

Camaleón wrote:

On Fri, 20 Aug 2010 17:36:03 -0400, Miles Fidelman wrote:
   

So what does it actually mean when I get the message "kernel panic: not
syncing"?  I can't seem to find a reference, in any of the obvious
places, as to what the various kernel-generated oops and panic messages
actually mean - can someone point me at one?
 

Better if you upload to some place the full error log or a snapshot if
the "panic" comes at installation time.

When does the error occur?
   
The Lenny version of the Xen Hypervisor has a known bug that causes 
infrequent crash/reboot events.  It's the final console message before 
the hypervisor reboots.  It's been fixed in later versions.


But having encountered it more than a few times now, I've become curious 
about what's going on.  Which leads me to wonder if there's a guide 
somewhere to kernel panic messages.  I can't seem to find a cross 
reference to kernel panic messages - but there must be one somewhere.


Miles

--
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In  practice, there is.    Yogi Berra



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Re: understanding kernel panic message

2010-08-21 Thread Camaleón
On Fri, 20 Aug 2010 17:36:03 -0400, Miles Fidelman wrote:

> So what does it actually mean when I get the message "kernel panic: not
> syncing"?  I can't seem to find a reference, in any of the obvious
> places, as to what the various kernel-generated oops and panic messages
> actually mean - can someone point me at one?

Better if you upload to some place the full error log or a snapshot if 
the "panic" comes at installation time.

When does the error occur?

Greetings,

-- 
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Re: From console to GUI

2010-08-21 Thread Tzafrir Cohen
On Fri, Aug 20, 2010 at 12:06:18PM -0400, Jordan Metzmeier wrote:
> -BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-
> Hash: SHA256
> 
> On 08/20/2010 12:03 PM, Camaleón wrote:
> > On Fri, 20 Aug 2010 08:08:31 -0700, Kelly Clowers wrote:
> >> Luckily Evolution has nothing to do with Mono. Actually, I don't know of
> >> any email client written in C#.
> > 
> > No? :-? 
> > 
> > Then I confused Evo with another developments using Mono. I always 
> > thought that installing Evolution will pull Mono libraries (required for 
> > plugins and connectors), but I maybe wrong.
> > 
> 
> IIRC when the big issue came up of some distros (suse and ubuntu
> maybe?), shipping mono with default gnome, was because of tomboy-notes.

Debian also.

Or rather, it originally didn't. Because mono violated one of Debian's
most valued values.

(It does not run on many platforms, due to being based on Mono[1]).

Then one anti-mono zealot went ahead and provided a nice clone for it in
C++, called gnote. It's functional indeed, but not as much as tomboy.
The result is that now the Debian GNOME maintainers can safely add
'tomboy | gnote' as a dependency of the gnome meta package.

Moral of the story: if you really think mono is evil, go and make gnote
better than tomboy.

[1] See http://packages.debian.org/squeeze/mono-runtime. Note the list
of platforms. Compare to e.g.
http://packages.debian.org/squeeze/libgtk2.0-0 .

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tzaf...@cohens.org.il ||  best
tzaf...@debian.org|| friend


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Re: mount: unknown filesystem type 'LVM2_member'

2010-08-21 Thread Mathieu Malaterre
On Sat, Aug 21, 2010 at 1:51 PM, Mathieu Malaterre
 wrote:
> Hi there,
>
>  I am trying to mount an IDE disk from an old (broken) machine. I am
> using a USB adaptor. After attaching the IDE disk to the USB adaptor,
> I cannot do anything with the disk.
>
> dmesg reveal:
>
> [13927.196346] usb-storage: device scan complete
> [13927.503084] scsi 4:0:0:0: Direct-Access     ST320413 A
>   PQ: 0 ANSI: 0
> [13927.504751] sd 4:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg2 type 0
> [13927.505864] sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] 39102336 512-byte logical blocks:
> (20.0 GB/18.6 GiB)
> [13927.506727] sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off
> [13927.506734] sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 27 00 00 00
> [13927.506739] sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through
> [13927.508348] sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through
> [13927.508355]  sdb: sdb1 < sdb5 sdb6 sdb7 >
> [13927.549046] sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through
> [13927.549050] sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI disk
> [13930.050201] sr 0:0:0:0: [sr0] Unhandled sense code
> [13930.050209] sr 0:0:0:0: [sr0] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK 
> driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE
> [13930.050218] sr 0:0:0:0: [sr0] Sense Key : Hardware Error [current]
> [13930.050227] sr 0:0:0:0: [sr0] Add. Sense: Timeout on logical unit
> [13930.050237] sr 0:0:0:0: [sr0] CDB: Read(10): 28 00 00 01 87 68 00 00 01 00
> [13930.050256] end_request: I/O error, dev sr0, sector 400800
> [13930.050267] Buffer I/O error on device sr0, logical block 100200
>
> When trying to mount, I get:
>
>
> $ sudo mount  -t auto  /dev/sdb7 /tmp/test
> mount: unknown filesystem type 'LVM2_member'
>
> But it looks like I do have a LVM2 filesystem on this disk:
>
> $ sudo pvs
>  PV         VG          Fmt  Attr PSize   PFree
>  /dev/sda2  dhcp-67-183 lvm2 a-   148.81G    0
>  /dev/sdb7  Debian      lvm2 a-    17.89G    0
>
> Same issue with :
>
> $ sudo lvdisplay /dev/sdb7
>  Volume group "sdb7" not found

Answering myself, one need to use the name in the VG column (not the /dev id):

  sudo lvdisplay Debian
  sudo vgchange -ay /dev/Debian
  sudo mount /dev/Debian/home /tmp/test

Cheers

-- 
Mathieu


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mount: unknown filesystem type 'LVM2_member'

2010-08-21 Thread Mathieu Malaterre
Hi there,

  I am trying to mount an IDE disk from an old (broken) machine. I am
using a USB adaptor. After attaching the IDE disk to the USB adaptor,
I cannot do anything with the disk.

dmesg reveal:

[13927.196346] usb-storage: device scan complete
[13927.503084] scsi 4:0:0:0: Direct-Access ST320413 A
   PQ: 0 ANSI: 0
[13927.504751] sd 4:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg2 type 0
[13927.505864] sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] 39102336 512-byte logical blocks:
(20.0 GB/18.6 GiB)
[13927.506727] sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off
[13927.506734] sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 27 00 00 00
[13927.506739] sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through
[13927.508348] sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through
[13927.508355]  sdb: sdb1 < sdb5 sdb6 sdb7 >
[13927.549046] sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through
[13927.549050] sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI disk
[13930.050201] sr 0:0:0:0: [sr0] Unhandled sense code
[13930.050209] sr 0:0:0:0: [sr0] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE
[13930.050218] sr 0:0:0:0: [sr0] Sense Key : Hardware Error [current]
[13930.050227] sr 0:0:0:0: [sr0] Add. Sense: Timeout on logical unit
[13930.050237] sr 0:0:0:0: [sr0] CDB: Read(10): 28 00 00 01 87 68 00 00 01 00
[13930.050256] end_request: I/O error, dev sr0, sector 400800
[13930.050267] Buffer I/O error on device sr0, logical block 100200

When trying to mount, I get:


$ sudo mount  -t auto  /dev/sdb7 /tmp/test
mount: unknown filesystem type 'LVM2_member'

But it looks like I do have a LVM2 filesystem on this disk:

$ sudo pvs
  PV VG  Fmt  Attr PSize   PFree
  /dev/sda2  dhcp-67-183 lvm2 a-   148.81G0
  /dev/sdb7  Debian  lvm2 a-17.89G0

Same issue with :

$ sudo lvdisplay /dev/sdb7
  Volume group "sdb7" not found


Any suggestion greatly appreciated !
Thanks,
-- 
Mathieu


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Re: autotools troubles on Squeeze

2010-08-21 Thread Jerome BENOIT

Hello List,

it appeared that the line

AX_CFLAGS_GCC_OPTION(-std=c99)

in my configure.ac files now confuses autoconf.
More precisely, the equal `=` causes the confusion.

Any idea how to to fix it ?

Thanks in advance,
Jerome

On 21/08/10 19:01, Jerome BENOIT wrote:

Thanks for the link:
meanwhile I have begun to track the bug.
I will give me some time to fix the bug before to downgrade autoconf.

Jerome

On 21/08/10 18:45, Camaleón wrote:

On Sat, 21 Aug 2010 17:01:09 +0800, Jerome BENOIT wrote:


my box is a daily updated Squeeze box: today I get trouble with
autotools:
I suspect that the issues come from autoconf which was upgraded recently
from 2.65-4 to 2.67-2 .
As I cannot really identify the misbehaviour, I would like to downgrad
to autoconf 2.65-4 : where can we get the autoconf 2.65-4 Debian source
packages ?



From the snapshot pool?


http://snapshot.debian.org/package/autoconf/

Greetings,







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Re: From console to GUI

2010-08-21 Thread Klistvud

Dne, 20. 08. 2010 16:01:31 je Camaleón napisal(a):


I now use GNOME. I "used" KDE 3.x branch which I liked *a lot*, but
switched to GNOME as soon as KDE4 entered into scene.



+1

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Regards,

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Certifiable Loonix User #481801
http://bufferoverflow.tiddlyspot.com

Please reply to the list, not to me.


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Re: konqueror media protocol not supported

2010-08-21 Thread Camaleón
On Fri, 20 Aug 2010 21:37:16 -0400, Kamaraju S Kusumanchi wrote:

> Using Squeeze, konqueror Version 4.4.5 (KDE 4.4.5).
> 
> If I do konqueror -> F9 -> click on "storage media" link in the left
> tab, an error pops up saying "protocol not supported media"
> 
> Anyone know how to fix that?

I fairly doubt the media protocol (or any new replacement) has been 
completely removed from KDE4. There has to be a way to access media 
devices from Konqueror or Dolphin, or using auto-mounter plasmoid/widget. 

Have you tried by a direct browsing to the /media folder? 

Also, check with a new created user, login in a KDE session and see if 
that works.

Greetings,

-- 
Camaleón


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Re: autotools troubles on Squeeze

2010-08-21 Thread Jerome BENOIT

Thanks for the link:
meanwhile I have begun to track the bug.
I will give me some time to fix the bug before to downgrade autoconf.

Jerome  



On 21/08/10 18:45, Camaleón wrote:

On Sat, 21 Aug 2010 17:01:09 +0800, Jerome BENOIT wrote:


my box is a daily updated Squeeze box: today I get trouble with
autotools:
I suspect that the issues come from autoconf which was upgraded recently
from 2.65-4 to 2.67-2 .
As I cannot really identify the misbehaviour, I would like to downgrad
to autoconf 2.65-4 :  where can we get the autoconf 2.65-4 Debian source
packages ?



From the snapshot pool?


http://snapshot.debian.org/package/autoconf/

Greetings,




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Re: autotools troubles on Squeeze

2010-08-21 Thread Camaleón
On Sat, 21 Aug 2010 17:01:09 +0800, Jerome BENOIT wrote:

> my box is a daily updated Squeeze box: today I get trouble with
> autotools:
> I suspect that the issues come from autoconf which was upgraded recently
> from 2.65-4 to 2.67-2 .
> As I cannot really identify the misbehaviour, I would like to downgrad
> to autoconf 2.65-4 :  where can we get the autoconf 2.65-4 Debian source
> packages ?

>From the snapshot pool?

http://snapshot.debian.org/package/autoconf/

Greetings,

-- 
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Re: From console to GUI

2010-08-21 Thread Klistvud

Dne, 21. 08. 2010 01:07:50 je Andreas Rönnquist napisal(a):

On Fri, 20 Aug 2010 14:40:32 +0200
Jangita  wrote:

> Hello Good people,
>
> Questions are (without starting a "which is the best" war...)
>
> 2. Email:  I've seen evolution, but I'm leaning towards  
thunderbird...

> good or bad choice? any other email clients I should consider?

You should take a look at Sylpheed too.

http://sylpheed.sraoss.jp/en/


best regards
--
Andreas Rönnquist 


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You might also consider Balsa. It supports the maildir format which,  
while a bit slower, is somewhat more robust than mbox.


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Regards,

Klistvud
Certifiable Loonix User #481801
http://bufferoverflow.tiddlyspot.com

Please reply to the list, not to me.


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Re: From console to GUI

2010-08-21 Thread Angus Hedger
On Fri, Aug 20, 2010 at 1:40 PM, Jangita  wrote:
> Hello Good people,
 
> Questions are (without starting a "which is the best" war...)
>
> 1. For GUI: I've chosen GNome, any reason why I should choose otherwise?

If you want a gtk+ based DE, try xfce, I find KDE a bit "flashy" for
my tastes, but ymmv and gnome comes with to much stuff I dont need ;)

> 2. Email:  I've seen evolution, but I'm leaning towards thunderbird... good
> or bad choice? any other email clients I should consider?

I have just been setting up a desktop based mail client to move away
from gmails webbased one, I tried thunderbird 3.1 (from experimental)
and I found it, very slow, and a bit bloated (a bit like firefox is at
times) it took about 2 days to finish downloading headers via IMAP and
kept crashing while it was doing it - 1682 MB inbox with about 85k
messages), It also had some annoying bits and bobs like not being able
to set/unset threaded view globally, having todo it per folder wasnt
to much fun!

I just installed clawmail, and so far it seems to have all the
(useful) features of thunderbird but at the same time is considerably
faster! (of cause syncing my whole mailbox isnt fast, but it isnt
crashing and its already a good chunk into it)

> 3. Programming: For my programming I've seen eclipse to be the best, I could
> practically code everything in evolution using the plugins, one problem
> though - do I get a WYSIWYG plugin/editor for my HTML pages (might be for
> the eclipse mailing list but just wnat to see what guys use here)
> 4. Delphi -> FPC
> 5. Any ideas of a GUI mysql client for windows?
> 6. I forgot to mention my chat applications (skype, msn, yahoo, google talk)
> - any recommended clients that support features in the original versions?
> (I've only found skype)

Pidgen supports just about anything, If you need webcams in msn, amsn
will cover you there, and google talk just put out a client for linux
with webcam support there! [1]

> 7. Office Suite - I'll go for openoffice (any better alternatives?)

Open Office seems to be the best

> 8. Any alternative for adobe fireworks?
>
> and i'll have a teeny weeeny partition like 10% of my hdd for playing my
> windows games and cases where there is just no unix alternative (Orbiter!!)

wine and playonlinux make it quite easy to run lots of stuff nowadays,
but you will still find a large(ish) fps drop in lots of cases, and
some fidderling, ymmv in a lot of cases.

> Thanks! Looking forward for the big format.
>
> --
> Jangita +256 76 91 8383

Hope it helps,

Regards,

Angus.

[1] http://www.google.com/talk/index.html - Voice and video plugin


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autotools troubles on Squeeze

2010-08-21 Thread Jerome BENOIT

Hello List,

my box is a daily updated Squeeze box:
today I get trouble with autotools:
I suspect that the issues come from autoconf which was upgraded recently
from 2.65-4 to 2.67-2 .
As I cannot really identify the misbehaviour, I would like to downgrad to
autoconf 2.65-4 :  where can we get the autoconf 2.65-4 Debian source packages ?

Thanks in advance,
Jerome


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Re: How does Squeeze initialize PS1 ?

2010-08-21 Thread Bob Proulx
Hi Paul!

Paul E Condon wrote:
> I'm debugging some bash scripts and reading the scripts that come as
> part of Squeeze installation. I find several places where there are
> statements the set a value from variable PS1, BUT all of them seem
> to be in scripts that only get executed if PS1 is already non-empty.
> i.e. they are after a statement 
> [ -z "$PS1" ] && return
> which, I think, executes return if PS1 is empty.

Correct.  The -z is true if "$PS1" is zero length.  The shell is
setting PS1 already if the shell is interactive.  Therefore a quick
check of PS1 is one way to decide if the shell thinks it is
interactive or not.  The shell has a non-trivial algorithm to
determine whether to be interactive or not.  Really determining
whether it actually *is* interactive or not is rather hard.  But if
the shell thinks it is interactive then PS1 is set.  That works in a
well behaved environment.  But it is possible to fool it if a user has
manually set and exported PS1.  But that isn't a well behaved
environment and the solution is to correct that situation.

Another technique that I also commonly see is to look at the shell's
flags and look for the presence of the -i option.  This is easily done
with a case statement.  This is harder to fool than the PS1 method
above.

  case $- in *i*) return ;; esac

There isn't really one canonical correct answer to the question of how
to tell if a shell is interactive or not.  But one of those two
methods are most common since they are completely internal to the
shell and therefore fast and efficient operations.

[Note that the ksh book listed yet another method that uses $ENV and
array processing to effect the same goals but within the ksh
environment.]

> A related question:
> The comment just before the above line of code is:
> "# If not running interactively, don't do anything"

The goal here is that scripts should not be affected by the contents
of a user's ~/.bashrc file.  If a script were to source that
environment script then the aliases, functions, and other settings
there would bring havoc upon the operation of the script.  Therefore
if a script is sourcing that file try to detect it and stop it as soon
as possible.

Also, depending upon several factors, the ~/.bashrc is sourced on a
remote shell running under ssh.  Meaning that if you put a function or
LANG setting, or PATH setting above that line then it will be in
effect when running a remote shell with ssh.  (Or rsh in the old
days.)  I set LANG above that line so that I automatically get LANG
set when running commands by ssh.

> For me, the implication of this comment is that a non-empty PS1 IS
> the defining characteristic of 'running interactively', but I would
> have thought 'interactive' should be characterized by having a tty
> attached to sysin and sysout for communication to a 'user'. 

Not really.  Using PS1 is just one of the quick and dirty tests that
tends to do the right thing most of the time.  But I think looking at
the shell's flags in $- is more technically correct because it is
harder to fool.

> I can imagine that a non-empty PS1 is used as an indicator, in which
> case whatever code that actually sets up the tty also sets PS1 to 
> some minimal non-empty value like a single space or a dot, but is
> this actually the way it works, and where is it?

The shell itself sets PS1.  Different shells set different default
values.  The Bourne shell set '$ ' and csh set '% ' for example.  But
in most cases people override the default with their own personal
preference.

> Where can I read about these issues?

Well...  The information is scattered about in a number of places.
The man pages contain most of it.  The bash man page says:

   An interactive shell is one started without  non-option  arguments  and
   without the -c option whose standard input and error are both connected
   to terminals (as determined by isatty(3)), or one started with  the  -i
   option.   PS1 is set and $- includes i if bash is interactive, allowing
   a shell script or a startup file to test this state.

   PS1The value of this parameter is expanded  (see  PROMPTING  below)
  and  used  as  the  primary prompt string.  The default value is
  ‘‘\s-\v\$ ’’.

Bob


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