Re: sudo and echo

[Byung-Hee HWANG]

 writes:

> (...)
> My favourite alternative to tee for this is dd: you don't have to
> "throw away" the other stream:
>
>   echo 123 | sudo dd of=/root/123.txt
>
> Actually, any program willing to pass stdin to an output file
> whose name you can choose will do the trick.

Hellow tomas,

It is very amazing, excellent job!

Sincerely,

-- 
^고맙습니다 _布德天下_ 감사합니다_^))//

Re: I need help with my var partition.

[tomas]

On Fri, Apr 28, 2023 at 10:05:01PM -0400, Maureen L Thomas wrote:
> Yes my figures are very similar to yours.  But even after a reboot I still
> cannot burn a back up disk.

One problem may be that /var/log has subdirectories which don't
belong to root. Applications trying to write their logs might
fail, either because they can't create "their" log subdirectory
or because they even don't try (because they rely on the install
process having done that).

Here's an example, but note that your package set will differ
from mine, so take this as illustrative:

  tomas@trotzki:~$ find /var/log -maxdepth 1 -type d -exec ls -ld {} +
  drwxr-xr-x 20 root  root  12288 Apr 29 06:00 /var/log
  drwxr-xr-x  2 root  root   4096 Apr 26 20:49 /var/log/apt
  drwxr-sr-x  2 apt-cacher-ng apt-cacher-ng 40960 Apr 29 06:05 
/var/log/apt-cacher-ng
  drwxr-xr-x  2 root  root   4096 Apr 29 06:54 /var/log/atop
  drwxr-s---  2 Debian-exim   adm4096 Apr 29 06:54 /var/log/exim4
  drwxr-xr-x  2 root  root   4096 Oct 30  2017 /var/log/fsck
  drwxr-xr-x  3 root  root   4096 Nov 10  2021 /var/log/guix
  drwxr-xr-x  3 root  root   4096 Oct 30  2017 
/var/log/installer
  drwxrwx---  2 jvb   jitsi  4096 Jan 22  2020 /var/log/jitsi
  drwxr-x---  2 www-data  www-data   4096 Apr 26 06:31 /var/log/lighttpd
  drwxr-s---  2 mysql adm4096 Nov  9  2021 /var/log/mysql
  drwxr-xr-x  2 root  adm4096 Jan 22  2020 /var/log/nginx
  drwxr-xr-x  2 ntp   ntp4096 Feb 15  2018 /var/log/ntpstats
  drwxr-xr-x  2 root  root   4096 Feb 20  2019 /var/log/openvpn
  drwxrwxr-t  2 root  postgres   4096 Apr 23 07:06 
/var/log/postgresql
  drwxr-x---  2 prosody   adm4096 Apr 23 07:06 /var/log/prosody
  drwxr-xr-x  4 root  root   4096 Nov  9  2021 /var/log/runit
  drwxr-x---  2 root  adm4096 May  8  2019 /var/log/samba
  drwxr-xr-x  2 stunnel4  stunnel4   4096 Apr 16  2020 /var/log/stunnel4

One thing you might try to rescue the situation would be
to chmod go+w /var/log. Note that this makes your system
somewhat... insecure (that's an euphemism :-)

Perhaps the failing apps do create their log subdirs.

Don't forget to do chmod go-w after the dust has settled.

Cheers
-- 
t


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Re: sudo and echo

[tomas]

On Fri, Apr 28, 2023 at 10:10:03PM -0500, David Wright wrote:
> On Fri 28 Apr 2023 at 20:35:25 (-0400), Greg Wooledge wrote:
> > On Sat, Apr 29, 2023 at 01:52:11AM +0200, cor...@free.fr wrote:
> > > $ sudo echo 123 > /root/123.txt
> > > 
> > > It tells me "permission rejected".
> > > 
> > > Why this sudo can't get success?
> > 
> > Because the redirection is done by your shell before sudo is executed.
> > 
> > See  for suggestions,
> > but basically you're looking at variants of:
> > 
> > sudo sh -c 'echo 123 > /root/123.txt'
> 
> You could also use the construction:
> 
>   $ echo 123 | sudo tee /root/123.txt > /dev/null
> 
> which has the advantage, when required, that the program producing
> the output doesn't have to run with root privileges.

My favourite alternative to tee for this is dd: you don't have to
"throw away" the other stream:

  echo 123 | sudo dd of=/root/123.txt

Actually, any program willing to pass stdin to an output file
whose name you can choose will do the trick.

Cheers
-- 
t


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Re: why symbolic link arnt visible?

[tomas]

On Fri, Apr 28, 2023 at 04:09:12PM -0400, Greg Wooledge wrote:
> On Fri, Apr 28, 2023 at 08:20:37PM +0200, to...@tuxteam.de wrote:
> > On Fri, Apr 28, 2023 at 01:28:11PM -0400, Greg Wooledge wrote:
> > > On Fri, Apr 28, 2023 at 07:06:17PM +0200, Maurizio Caloro wrote:
> > > > f: /var/lib/rancid/routers/configs
> > > > drwxr-xr-x root   root   /
> > > > drwxr-xr-x root   root   var
> > > > drwxr-xr-x root   root   lib
> > > > drwxr-xr-x rancid rancid rancid
> > > > drwxr-x--- rancid rancid routers
> > > > drwxr-x--- rancid rancid configs
> > > 
> > > The last two directories are missing world +x permission.  This means
> > > the web server process can't touch them -- can't enter them, can't
> > > open files within them, etc.
> > 
> > [...]
> > 
> > I guess they need read permission too?
> 
> Only if the web server process needs to generate a directory listing.
> If it knows the file name in advance, read permission isn't needed --
> just execute.

That's right. "Experimentally" confirmed :) 

I always had this (obviously mislead) notion that the web server checks
read permission along the whole path to read-access a file. At least
lighttpd doesn't (but I gues this kind of convention will be common to
all servers).

> > And the file itself, c3560, also needs read permissions.
> > We don't know that, yet :)
> 
> Yes, assuming the intent is to deliver the file's content, it'll need
> read permission on the file itself.

So, Maurizio -- to finish this riddle: what does "ls -l c3560" say?

C'mon, the suspense is hard to bear ;-)

Cheers
-- 
t


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Buster / Google Remote Desktop

[Gareth Evans]

It seems Google Remote Desktop, a Chrome extension, does not work properly with 
Buster + Mate.  I haven't tried with Bullseye, which is not an option in the 
environment concerned due to CUPS bugs, but in Buster there is about 5 seconds 
of remote-mouse-movement then no more.

Does anyone know of a way to fix this, or any other approach that might work 
through a mobile broadband router (at the 'controlled' end) where there is no 
option to fwd ports?

Thanks,
Gareth

Re: sudo and echo

[David Wright]

On Fri 28 Apr 2023 at 20:35:25 (-0400), Greg Wooledge wrote:
> On Sat, Apr 29, 2023 at 01:52:11AM +0200, cor...@free.fr wrote:
> > $ sudo echo 123 > /root/123.txt
> > 
> > It tells me "permission rejected".
> > 
> > Why this sudo can't get success?
> 
> Because the redirection is done by your shell before sudo is executed.
> 
> See  for suggestions,
> but basically you're looking at variants of:
> 
> sudo sh -c 'echo 123 > /root/123.txt'

You could also use the construction:

  $ echo 123 | sudo tee /root/123.txt > /dev/null

which has the advantage, when required, that the program producing
the output doesn't have to run with root privileges.

Cheers,
David.

Re: OT: Using my (new) cable based ISP with their modem in bridge mode and my existing router

[David Wright]

On Fri 28 Apr 2023 at 14:25:20 (-0400), rhkra...@gmail.com wrote:
> Some key phrases / sub topics:
>* Astound (cable based) ISP in eastern Pa. area
>* Arris DG2470A modem / router in bridge mode with Ubiquiti Edge Router X
>* Ubiquiti Edge Router X in DMZ 

[ … ]

> I did think about using both the Ubiquiti (and DHCP, if that's what Astound 
> uses in this area) and the Arris sort of in series (the Ubiquiti 
> ("downstream" 
> of the Arris) then doing the DHCP (and other features, e.g. QOS) for the LAN, 
> but I'm leery of doing that because I've seen (somewhat vague) warnings on 
> the 
> Internet about doing double NAT.  (Maybe that is only an issue of speed, 
> which 
> I don't think would bother me -- the Astound connection could be 30 (or  more 
> (or less)) times as fast as the DSL connection.)
> 
> I suppose I could do the two in series (as mentioned above), leave DHCP 
> turned 
> on in both, but the firewall turned off in the upstream modem / router.
> 
> I'm getting too old -- trial and error (as I've done a few times) is nerve 
> wracking for me.  Even getting the Ubiquiti back to the configuration to use 
> on 
> my DSL ISP drove me crazy, I had to try a few times to do that (I haven't 
> cancelled my DSL ISP yet), and I'm not sure that I know the exact steps to 
> get 
> that setup working again if I have to (i.e., if I try the Astound connection 
> and don't get it working), but I feel, since I accomplished it once, I can do 
> it again (i.e., I'm seeking comments on the problems of connecting to 
> Astound rather than those of reconnecting to my DSL ISP).

Your post is rather technical for me, so I'll just describe what I do.
We used to have a cable modem (Cisco DPC3010), apparently in bridge
mode (unclear whether there was another mode), connected with Cat5
to my router, a Netgear WNDR3400v3. Near the beginning of the
pandemic, the modem burnt out, so I replaced it with some sort of
Panoramic modem/router, about which I know little except that it has
two LAN ports. I connected one of these to the WAN of our router, by
now a Netgear R6020, and that was it. We just pretend the Panoramic
is the old Cisco.

The R6020 connects to the WAN with DHCP, as it always did before with
the Cisco, and it runs a DHCP server on the LAN side for all our
devices, wired and wireless, with a small range (192.168.1.200 up)
for strangers.

The old Netgear WNDR3400v3 had been retired with a dead WAN port,
but because our house is rather long, I now use it as an extender.
I turned off the WAN stuff, and also its DHCP, and connected one
LAN port to a R6020 LAN port (both have four). Its wireless, which
usually works, has the same SSID and PSK as the R6020. (To know
which router you're connected to, the easiest way is to ping
either router and then type   ip n   for the MAC.)

When we no longer need to network and zoom with the university,
we'll probably ditch the Panoramic and buy a plain modem again.

Cheers,
David.

Re: (Thread restarted!) Debian installation using debootstrap and grub-install - no entry in ESC boot menu

[David Wright]

On Thu 27 Apr 2023 at 10:18:56 (+0700), Max Nikulin wrote:
> On 26/04/2023 22:57, Valentin Caracalla wrote:
> > the issue with the BIOS boot interface (see my original posting) is still 
> > unsolved
> 
> I had impression that there was no issue with booting in BIOS (legacy,
> compatibility, CSM) mode, of course when it is chosen in firmware/BIOS
> setup (requires disabling of secure boot).

Well, the OP wrote:

 "Previously, I've successfully installed Debian using official
  installation media on this machine (also using BIOS boot
  interface), so I know that it works in principle. But now I want to
  do it using command line utilities like debootstrap and grub-install."

But:

 "the problem is that the ESC boot menu doesn't show an entry for
  (the model name of) /dev/sda, so I can't boot into it."

My first question would be whether it makes a difference to use [F2]
and enter the BIOS/CMOS, rather than [ESC] to get just the boot list.

As you could read in another thread, I have been testing the d-i
installing on a BIOS machine, using a spare partition, in order to
see how it behaves with and without a BIOS Boot partition. However,
blanking the entire internal drive on a machine just for this
exercise is pushing things a bit too far, sorry.

And I'm not sure that results from one of /my/ machines would be
particularly useful either. They are either native BIOS booters, or
have a compatibility mode that just works, without requiring anything
out of the ordinary configured for a GPT disk in BIOS mode. That might
not be true for your Asus UX31A.

At this point, my action would be to install in BIOS mode using your
two methods, conventional d-i and debootstrap, and run bootinfoscript
(from package boot-info-script) on each, to look for differences.
I would avoid doing any UEFI booting between these runs.

Cheers,
David.

Re: I need help with my var partition.

[Maureen L Thomas]

Here is what I got.

root@debian:/var# /bin/ls -ld */
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root   4096 Apr 28 15:46 backups/
drwxr-xr-x 19 root root   4096 Apr 12 20:20 cache/
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root   4096 Apr 28 20:59 cores/
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root   4096 Nov 13  2020 games/
drwxr-xr-x 62 root root   4096 Apr 12 20:20 lib/
drwxrwsr-x  2 root staff  4096 Sep 19  2020 local/
drwxrwxrwt  3 root root    100 Apr 28 21:13 lock/
drwxr-xr-x  8 root root   4096 Apr 28 21:36 log/
drwx--  2 root root  16384 Nov 12  2020 lost+found/
drwxrwsr-x  2 root mail   4096 Nov 12  2020 mail/
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root   4096 Nov 12  2020 opt/
drwxr-xr-x 27 root root    760 Apr 28 22:31 run/
drwxr-xr-x 14 root root   4096 Apr 27 22:58 snap/
drwxr-xr-x  7 root root   4096 Nov 12  2020 spool/
drwxr-xr-x  8 root root   4096 Apr 28 22:32 tmp/
root@debian:/var#

On 4/28/23 10:17 PM, Greg Wooledge wrote:

On Fri, Apr 28, 2023 at 10:05:01PM -0400, Maureen L Thomas wrote:

Yes my figures are very similar to yours.  But even after a reboot I still
cannot burn a back up disk.

Do not look at the NUMBERS.

OWNER.

GROUP.

PERMISSIONS.

The numbers mean nothing.


On 4/28/23 9:04 PM, Greg Wooledge wrote:

Make sure you get the ownership and permissions correct.

unicorn:/var$ /bin/ls -ld */
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Apr 22 06:25 backups/
drwxr-xr-x 12 root root  4096 Jul 31  2022 cache/
drwxr-xr-x  3 root root  4096 Mar  3  2018 games/
drwxr-xr-x 50 root root  4096 Jul 31  2022 lib/
drwxrwsr-x  2 root staff 4096 Nov 19  2017 local/

See that?  Group write.  Set-group-id.  Group staff.  Probably not a big
deal, because who the hell uses /var/local for anything, but there is
no excuse for not checking the OWNER, GROUP and PERMISSIONS.


drwxrwxrwt  3 root root80 Mar 25 16:03 lock/

Group and world write.  Sticky bit.


drwxr-xr-x 15 root root  4096 Apr 24 08:12 log/
drwxrwsr-x  2 root mail  4096 Oct 28  2021 mail/

Group write, setgid.


drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Jan 11  2018 opt/
drwxr-xr-x 10 root qmail 4096 Jan 12  2018 qmail/
drwxr-xr-x 26 root root   760 Mar 27 15:39 run/
drwxr-xr-x  6 root root  4096 Jan 29  2021 spool/
drwxrwxrwt  6 root root  4096 Apr 28 21:02 tmp/

Group and world write.  Sticky bit.

THIS is what matters.

Re: I need help with my var partition.

[Greg Wooledge]

On Fri, Apr 28, 2023 at 10:05:01PM -0400, Maureen L Thomas wrote:
> Yes my figures are very similar to yours.  But even after a reboot I still
> cannot burn a back up disk.

Do not look at the NUMBERS.

OWNER.

GROUP.

PERMISSIONS.

The numbers mean nothing.

> On 4/28/23 9:04 PM, Greg Wooledge wrote:
> > Make sure you get the ownership and permissions correct.
> > 
> > unicorn:/var$ /bin/ls -ld */
> > drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Apr 22 06:25 backups/
> > drwxr-xr-x 12 root root  4096 Jul 31  2022 cache/
> > drwxr-xr-x  3 root root  4096 Mar  3  2018 games/
> > drwxr-xr-x 50 root root  4096 Jul 31  2022 lib/
> > drwxrwsr-x  2 root staff 4096 Nov 19  2017 local/

See that?  Group write.  Set-group-id.  Group staff.  Probably not a big
deal, because who the hell uses /var/local for anything, but there is
no excuse for not checking the OWNER, GROUP and PERMISSIONS.

> > drwxrwxrwt  3 root root80 Mar 25 16:03 lock/

Group and world write.  Sticky bit.

> > drwxr-xr-x 15 root root  4096 Apr 24 08:12 log/
> > drwxrwsr-x  2 root mail  4096 Oct 28  2021 mail/

Group write, setgid.

> > drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Jan 11  2018 opt/
> > drwxr-xr-x 10 root qmail 4096 Jan 12  2018 qmail/
> > drwxr-xr-x 26 root root   760 Mar 27 15:39 run/
> > drwxr-xr-x  6 root root  4096 Jan 29  2021 spool/
> > drwxrwxrwt  6 root root  4096 Apr 28 21:02 tmp/

Group and world write.  Sticky bit.

THIS is what matters.

Re: I need help with my var partition.

[Maureen L Thomas]

Yes my figures are very similar to yours.  But even after a reboot I 
still cannot burn a back up disk.


On 4/28/23 9:04 PM, Greg Wooledge wrote:

On Fri, Apr 28, 2023 at 08:57:47PM -0400, Maureen L Thomas wrote:

OK so I went looking on the net /debian/var to find out why it is running
out of room.  All I could find is the directions to delete said files.  I
will put them back, now.

Make sure you get the ownership and permissions correct.

unicorn:/var$ /bin/ls -ld */
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Apr 22 06:25 backups/
drwxr-xr-x 12 root root  4096 Jul 31  2022 cache/
drwxr-xr-x  3 root root  4096 Mar  3  2018 games/
drwxr-xr-x 50 root root  4096 Jul 31  2022 lib/
drwxrwsr-x  2 root staff 4096 Nov 19  2017 local/
drwxrwxrwt  3 root root80 Mar 25 16:03 lock/
drwxr-xr-x 15 root root  4096 Apr 24 08:12 log/
drwxrwsr-x  2 root mail  4096 Oct 28  2021 mail/
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Jan 11  2018 opt/
drwxr-xr-x 10 root qmail 4096 Jan 12  2018 qmail/
drwxr-xr-x 26 root root   760 Mar 27 15:39 run/
drwxr-xr-x  6 root root  4096 Jan 29  2021 spool/
drwxrwxrwt  6 root root  4096 Apr 28 21:02 tmp/

Ignore "qmail" unless you happen to be using qmail, which is unlikely.
The rest should look like this.

In particular, note the permissions on /var/tmp.  That's "chmod 1777"
to get the sticky bit.

W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/brand/yada*

[Felix Miata]

# inxi -Gxx
Graphics:
  Device-1: Intel 82Q963/Q965 Integrated Graphics vendor: Dell driver: i915
v: kernel arch: Gen-4 ports: active: DVI-D-1 empty: VGA-1 bus-ID: 00:02.0
chip-ID: 8086:2992  # aka ancient
# grep MODULES /etc/initramfs-tools/initramfs.conf
# MODULES: [ most | netboot | dep | list ]
MODULES=dep
#

These many per transaction $SUBJECT initrd construction messages have been 
routine
for a long time in Bullseye and Bookworm regardless of active GPU installed, and
whether or not a firmware-brand-graphics .deb exists and is installed for it. Is
there something that can be done to avoid this screen and log litter? Can anyone
point to an existing meta-bug report on the subject of stopping the litter?
Searching seems to find only reports pointing to particular GPUs, e.g.
https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1016286
-- 
Evolution as taught in public schools is, like religion,
based on faith, not based on science.

 Team OS/2 ** Reg. Linux User #211409 ** a11y rocks!

Felix Miata

Re: I need help with my var partition.

[Greg Wooledge]

On Fri, Apr 28, 2023 at 08:57:47PM -0400, Maureen L Thomas wrote:
> OK so I went looking on the net /debian/var to find out why it is running
> out of room.  All I could find is the directions to delete said files.  I
> will put them back, now.

Make sure you get the ownership and permissions correct.

unicorn:/var$ /bin/ls -ld */
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Apr 22 06:25 backups/
drwxr-xr-x 12 root root  4096 Jul 31  2022 cache/
drwxr-xr-x  3 root root  4096 Mar  3  2018 games/
drwxr-xr-x 50 root root  4096 Jul 31  2022 lib/
drwxrwsr-x  2 root staff 4096 Nov 19  2017 local/
drwxrwxrwt  3 root root80 Mar 25 16:03 lock/
drwxr-xr-x 15 root root  4096 Apr 24 08:12 log/
drwxrwsr-x  2 root mail  4096 Oct 28  2021 mail/
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 Jan 11  2018 opt/
drwxr-xr-x 10 root qmail 4096 Jan 12  2018 qmail/
drwxr-xr-x 26 root root   760 Mar 27 15:39 run/
drwxr-xr-x  6 root root  4096 Jan 29  2021 spool/
drwxrwxrwt  6 root root  4096 Apr 28 21:02 tmp/

Ignore "qmail" unless you happen to be using qmail, which is unlikely.
The rest should look like this.

In particular, note the permissions on /var/tmp.  That's "chmod 1777"
to get the sticky bit.

Re: I need help with my var partition.

[The Wanderer]

On 2023-04-28 at 20:46, Jeremy Ardley wrote:

> On 29/4/23 08:25, Maureen L Thomas wrote:
>
>> I am 72 and have forgotten a few things.  I looked up debian/var and 
>> was told I could delete /var/log/
>>
>> and /var/tmp/ and /var/cores/.

I'd guess that this was *probably* meant as a direction to delete *files
from inside* those directories. Deleting the directories themselves, or
even deleting their contents wholesale, can - as you've discovered -
create a problematic circumstance.

>> I left cores alone and deleted the other two.  Now I cannot burn a
>> backup, download files and even go to web sites from my nord vpn
>> which was working great until I deleted the above files.  I really
>> want to upgrade to debian 11. I am using debian 10, on a Lonovo all
>> in one and have had no problems.  I followed the directions for var
>> that I found and now have a screwed up machine.  Is there any help
>> available. I was thinking of upgrading online but don't want to
>> loose my data. Please help this old lady.
>>
>>
> Deleting /var/log etc is at best unhelpful.
> 
> I can't think of any procedure that would require deleting those 
> directories. Perhaps someone was fooling with you?
> 
> Without knowing what else you have done or why, it's probably a good 
> idea to recreate the directories
> 
> cd /var
> 
> mkdir log
> 
> mkdir tmp

That won't necessarily bring back the correct directory permissions, or
any needed subdirectory structure under these two locations.

I'm not *positive* that this won't break anything, but I think the
safest thing to do would probably be to reinstall the 'base-files'
package, which can *probably* still be done - even on a system with
those directories missing - with 'dpkg -i' from the copy in
/var/cache/apt/archives/.

That should, I think, bring back both directories with any needed
permissions. It will not, however, re-create any subdirectories (e.g.
under /var/log/) which were created by other packages; for that, you'd
have to reinstall those packages as well.

Given that one of the directories on my own system is /var/log/apt/,
it's not impossible that much of the package-management system may not
work (fully) correctly until you've identified and reinstalled the
correct packages.

-- 
   The Wanderer

The reasonable man adapts himself to the world; the unreasonable one
persists in trying to adapt the world to himself. Therefore all
progress depends on the unreasonable man. -- George Bernard Shaw



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Re: I need help with my var partition.

[Maureen L Thomas]

OK so I went looking on the net /debian/var to find out why it is 
running out of room.  All I could find is the directions to delete said 
files.  I will put them back, now.



On 4/28/23 8:46 PM, Jeremy Ardley wrote:


On 29/4/23 08:25, Maureen L Thomas wrote:
I am 72 and have forgotten a few things. I looked up debian/var and 
was told I could delete /var/log/


and /var/tmp/ and /var/cores/.  I left cores alone and deleted the 
other two.  Now I cannot burn a backup, download files and even go to 
web sites from my nord vpn which was working great until I deleted 
the above files.  I really want to upgrade to debian 11. I am using 
debian 10, on a Lonovo all in one and have had no problems.  I 
followed the directions for var that I found and now have a screwed 
up machine.  Is there any help available. I was thinking of upgrading 
online but don't want to loose my data. Please help this old lady.




Deleting /var/log etc is at best unhelpful.

I can't think of any procedure that would require deleting those 
directories. Perhaps someone was fooling with you?


Without knowing what else you have done or why, it's probably a good 
idea to recreate the directories


cd /var

mkdir log

mkdir tmp

Before you do a reboot, perhaps explain what else you have done and why?

Re: I need help with my var partition.

[Byung-Hee HWANG]

Dear Mrs. Thomas,

Maureen L Thomas  writes:

> (...)
> I was thinking of upgrading
> online but don't want to loose my data.

First of all, please do back-up your *important* data.
Such as pictures, video clips, diary, some text docs, etc.

(Also i'm Debian user with Debian Bullseye under ThinkPad notebook)


Sincerely, Byung-Hee from South Korea

-- 
^고맙습니다 _布德天下_ 감사합니다_^))//

Re: I need help with my var partition.

[Jeremy Ardley]

On 29/4/23 08:25, Maureen L Thomas wrote:
I am 72 and have forgotten a few things.  I looked up debian/var and 
was told I could delete /var/log/


and /var/tmp/ and /var/cores/.  I left cores alone and deleted the 
other two.  Now I cannot burn a backup, download files and even go to 
web sites from my nord vpn which was working great until I deleted the 
above files.  I really want to upgrade to debian 11. I am using debian 
10, on a Lonovo all in one and have had no problems.  I followed the 
directions for var that I found and now have a screwed up machine.  Is 
there any help available. I was thinking of upgrading online but don't 
want to loose my data. Please help this old lady.




Deleting /var/log etc is at best unhelpful.

I can't think of any procedure that would require deleting those 
directories. Perhaps someone was fooling with you?


Without knowing what else you have done or why, it's probably a good 
idea to recreate the directories


cd /var

mkdir log

mkdir tmp

Before you do a reboot, perhaps explain what else you have done and why?



--
Jeremy
(Lists)

Re: sudo and echo

[The Wanderer]

On 2023-04-28 at 20:36, Greg Wooledge wrote:

> On Fri, Apr 28, 2023 at 08:00:02PM -0400, The Wanderer wrote:
> 
>> I would suspect that
>> 
>> $ sudo 'echo 123 > /root/123.txt'
>> 
>> would produce the effect you're after, but as I don't have sudo 
>> installed, cannot verify that myself.
> 
> No, that won't work.  It'll try to execute a program named 'echo 123
> > /root/123.txt' which is really, really unlikely to exist in your
> current working directory.

That was the other possibility, the existence of which which was the
reason why I couched this in terms so far from certainty.

The need to invoke a shell around them was also a possibility I
considered, but I didn't want to rewrite the post three more times
trying to express that too without also adding so much more complexity
as to make the thing unreadable.

You managed it all much more concisely and helpfully than I had done.

-- 
   The Wanderer

The reasonable man adapts himself to the world; the unreasonable one
persists in trying to adapt the world to himself. Therefore all
progress depends on the unreasonable man. -- George Bernard Shaw



signature.asc
Description: OpenPGP digital signature

Re: sudo and echo

[coreyh]

On 29/04/2023 02:35, Greg Wooledge wrote:

On Sat, Apr 29, 2023 at 01:52:11AM +0200, cor...@free.fr wrote:

$ sudo echo 123 > /root/123.txt

It tells me "permission rejected".

Why this sudo can't get success?


Because the redirection is done by your shell before sudo is executed.

See  for suggestions,
but basically you're looking at variants of:

sudo sh -c 'echo 123 > /root/123.txt'


Thanks for explanation. I appreciate it.

Re: sudo and echo

[Greg Wooledge]

On Fri, Apr 28, 2023 at 08:00:02PM -0400, The Wanderer wrote:
> I would suspect that
> 
> $ sudo 'echo 123 > /root/123.txt'
> 
> would produce the effect you're after, but as I don't have sudo
> installed, cannot verify that myself.

No, that won't work.  It'll try to execute a program named
'echo 123 > /root/123.txt' which is really, really unlikely to exist
in your current working directory.

Re: sudo and echo

[Greg Wooledge]

On Sat, Apr 29, 2023 at 01:52:11AM +0200, cor...@free.fr wrote:
> $ sudo echo 123 > /root/123.txt
> 
> It tells me "permission rejected".
> 
> Why this sudo can't get success?

Because the redirection is done by your shell before sudo is executed.

See  for suggestions,
but basically you're looking at variants of:

sudo sh -c 'echo 123 > /root/123.txt'

I need help with my var partition.

[Maureen L Thomas]

I am 72 and have forgotten a few things.  I looked up debian/var and was 
told I could delete /var/log/


and /var/tmp/ and /var/cores/.  I left cores alone and deleted the other 
two.  Now I cannot burn a backup, download files and even go to web 
sites from my nord vpn which was working great until I deleted the above 
files.  I really want to upgrade to debian 11.  I am using debian 10, on 
a Lonovo all in one and have had no problems.  I followed the directions 
for var that I found and now have a screwed up machine.  Is there any 
help available. I was thinking of upgrading online but don't want to 
loose my data.  Please help this old lady.

Re: sudo and echo

[The Wanderer]

On 2023-04-28 at 19:52, cor...@free.fr wrote:

> Hello list,
> 
> When I run this command:
> 
> $ sudo echo 123 > /root/123.txt
> 
> It tells me "permission rejected".
> 
> Why this sudo can't get success?

If I'm not very much mistaken: because redirection like that is (as I
understand matters) processed by the currently-active shell, not by the
environment that will be created inside the sudo invocation.

What this is almost certainly doing is passing 'echo' and '123' to sudo,
and telling the *current* shell to redirect the output of 'sudo echo
123' into /root/123.txt. If the current shell process does not have
permission to write to that location, then you will get that error.


I would suspect that

$ sudo 'echo 123 > /root/123.txt'

would produce the effect you're after, but as I don't have sudo
installed, cannot verify that myself.

-- 
   The Wanderer

The reasonable man adapts himself to the world; the unreasonable one
persists in trying to adapt the world to himself. Therefore all
progress depends on the unreasonable man. -- George Bernard Shaw



signature.asc
Description: OpenPGP digital signature

sudo and echo

[coreyh]

Hello list,

When I run this command:

$ sudo echo 123 > /root/123.txt

It tells me "permission rejected".

Why this sudo can't get success?

Thanks.

Corey H

Re: Searching for HA shared storage free for docker

[Linux-Fan]

Mimiko writes:


Hello.

I would want to use a shared storage with docker to store volume so swarm  
containers can use the volumes from different docker nodes.

As for now I tried glusterFS and linstor+drbd.
GlusterFS has a bug with slow replication and slow volume status  
presentation or timing out. Also directory listing or data access is not  
reliable, despite the nodes are connected with each other. So the GlusterFS  
didn't worked for me.
With linstor+drbd and linstor plugin for docker, the created volumes are  
inconsistend on creation. Did not find a solution.


DRBD might still be a solid base to run upon. Consider using an alternative  
file system on top of it like e.g. GFS2 or OCFS2. The management tools to  
assemble these kinds of cluster file systems can be found in packages
gfs2-utils and ocfs2-utils respectively. Back when I tried it, I found OCFS2  
slightly easier to setup.


I once tested a Kubernetes + OCFS2 setup (backed by a real iSCSI target  
rather than DRBD though) and it worked OK.



I want to try Ceth.

What other storage distributions did you tried and worked? It should have  
mirroring data on more than 2 nodes, representation as a bloch device to  
mount in system, or as a network file system to be mounted using fstab, or  
using docker volume. Sould be HA and consistent with at least 3 nodes and  
can automatically get back even if two of three nodes restarts, and be prune  
to sporadic network shortage.


I am not aware of any system that fulfils all of these requirements.  
Specifically, systems are typically either low-latency OR robust in event of  
“sporadic network shortage” issues.


GlusterFS could be preferrable on this with there were not the bug with  
timeout.


I have never used GlusterFS, but from things I heard about it it very much  
seems as if this is not really a ”bug” but rather by design. I think that  
the observed behaviour might also be similar if you were to use Ceph instead  
of GlusterFS, but if you find out that it works much better, I'd be   
interested in learning about it :)


HTH and YMMV
Linux-Fan

öö


pgpovu3A5nOlL.pgp
Description: PGP signature

bind9 and dns forward

[Bonno Bloksma]

Hello,

I have a Debian machine at my home network performing several functions. Two of 
those are dns server for my network at home and a VPN server to the company 
network.
To facilitate my use of the VPN to the company network I am also forwarding all 
dns requests tot the company domain to the internal dns servers.
A few months ago we had a change in our external dns provider and they enabled 
secure dns.

After that I had some (security?) problems getting bind to forward my internal 
dns servers. My guess was that somehow it would see the security for the domain 
at the .nl level and it would be different from the internal response at the 
tio.nl domain. My resolution at that time was simply to rely exclusively on the 
company dns servers and just use the internal ip number for the few devices I 
needed to access at home.
However, strangely enough when I went back a while later to test what was the 
real problem I could not reproduce it and I could once again resolve the normal 
dns requests against the internet dns servers and also forward the requests for 
the company servers to the company dns servers.

Today I did an upgrade from Buster to Bullseye and the problem is back. :-( Can 
someone help me analyze the errors and point to a way to find out what is 
really wrong?
We use a different dns server(s) and zonefile for the external dns environment 
from what we use internally. Company dns is Windows server 2016 incase that is 
relevant.

Earlier in the day I had syslog lines like:
---
Apr 28 03:18:14 linbobo named[546]: DNS format error from 13.107.206.240#53 
resolving outlook.ha.office365.com/TYPE65 for client 172.16.17.83#61019: Name 
trafficmanager.net (SOA) not subdomain of zone ha.office365.com -- invalid 
response
Apr 28 03:18:15 linbobo named[546]: FORMERR resolving 
'outlook.ha.office365.com/TYPE65/IN': 13.107.206.240#53
---
Which seems to be an error at Microsoft.

And regarding my connection to the company dns:
---
Apr 28 12:07:53 linbobo named[546]: DNS format error from 172.16.128.40#53 
resolving staf.tio.nl/ for client 172.16.17.11#65033: Name tio.nl (SOA) not 
subdomain of zone staf.tio.nl -- invalid response
Apr 28 12:07:53 linbobo named[546]: FORMERR resolving 'staf.tio.nl//IN': 
172.16.128.40#53
Apr 28 12:07:53 linbobo named[546]: DNS format error from 172.16.208.10#53 
resolving staf.tio.nl/ for client 172.16.17.11#65033: Name tio.nl (SOA) not 
subdomain of zone staf.tio.nl -- invalid response
Apr 28 12:07:53 linbobo named[546]: FORMERR resolving 'staf.tio.nl//IN': 
172.16.208.10#53
Apr 28 12:07:53 linbobo named[546]: DNS format error from 172.16.128.40#53 
resolving om1stafdc-04.staf.tio.nl/ for client 172.16.17.11#53605: Name 
tio.nl (SOA) not subdomain of zone staf.tio.nl -- invalid response
Apr 28 12:07:53 linbobo named[546]: FORMERR resolving 
'om1stafdc-04.staf.tio.nl//IN': 172.16.128.40#53
Apr 28 12:07:53 linbobo named[546]: DNS format error from 172.16.208.10#53 
resolving om1stafdc-04.staf.tio.nl/ for client 172.16.17.11#53605: Name 
tio.nl (SOA) not subdomain of zone staf.tio.nl -- invalid response
Apr 28 12:07:53 linbobo named[546]: FORMERR resolving 
'om1stafdc-04.staf.tio.nl//IN': 172.16.208.10#53
Apr 28 12:07:54 linbobo named[546]: DNS format error from 172.16.128.40#53 
resolving hglstafdc-04.staf.tio.nl/ for client 172.16.17.11#53673: Name 
tio.nl (SOA) not subdomain of zone staf.tio.nl -- invalid response
Apr 28 12:07:54 linbobo named[546]: FORMERR resolving 
'hglstafdc-04.staf.tio.nl//IN': 172.16.128.40#53
Apr 28 12:07:54 linbobo named[546]: DNS format error from 172.16.208.10#53 
resolving hglstafdc-04.staf.tio.nl/ for client 172.16.17.11#53673: Name 
tio.nl (SOA) not subdomain of zone staf.tio.nl -- invalid response
Apr 28 12:07:54 linbobo named[546]: FORMERR resolving 
'hglstafdc-04.staf.tio.nl//IN': 172.16.208.10#53
Apr 28 12:08:06 linbobo named[546]: DNS format error from 172.16.128.40#53 
resolving vijl.staf.tio.nl/ for client 172.16.17.11#52409: Name tio.nl 
(SOA) not subdomain of zone staf.tio.nl -- invalid response
Apr 28 12:08:06 linbobo named[546]: FORMERR resolving 
'vijl.staf.tio.nl//IN': 172.16.128.40#53
Apr 28 12:08:06 linbobo named[546]: DNS format error from 172.16.208.10#53 
resolving vijl.staf.tio.nl/ for client 172.16.17.11#52409: Name tio.nl 
(SOA) not subdomain of zone staf.tio.nl -- invalid response
---
I would like to know which error the Windows dns servers provides and what I 
need to do to get rid of these errors. However, in the end I DID get my 
response it seems as my PC was able to connect to the servers via the dns name.

After the upgrade I have syslog lines like:
---
Apr 28 16:25:09 linbobo named[574]: FORMERR resolving 
'AMSSTAFDC-05.staf.tio.nl//IN': 172.16.208.10#53
Apr 28 16:25:09 linbobo named[574]: DNS format error from 172.16.208.10#53 

Re: why symbolic link arnt visible?

[Greg Wooledge]

On Fri, Apr 28, 2023 at 08:20:37PM +0200, to...@tuxteam.de wrote:
> On Fri, Apr 28, 2023 at 01:28:11PM -0400, Greg Wooledge wrote:
> > On Fri, Apr 28, 2023 at 07:06:17PM +0200, Maurizio Caloro wrote:
> > > f: /var/lib/rancid/routers/configs
> > > drwxr-xr-x root   root   /
> > > drwxr-xr-x root   root   var
> > > drwxr-xr-x root   root   lib
> > > drwxr-xr-x rancid rancid rancid
> > > drwxr-x--- rancid rancid routers
> > > drwxr-x--- rancid rancid configs
> > 
> > The last two directories are missing world +x permission.  This means
> > the web server process can't touch them -- can't enter them, can't
> > open files within them, etc.
> 
> [...]
> 
> I guess they need read permission too?

Only if the web server process needs to generate a directory listing.
If it knows the file name in advance, read permission isn't needed --
just execute.

> And the file itself, c3560, also needs read permissions.
> We don't know that, yet :)

Yes, assuming the intent is to deliver the file's content, it'll need
read permission on the file itself.

Re: OT: Using my (new) cable based ISP with their modem in bridge mode and my existing router

[john doe]

On 4/28/23 20:25, rhkra...@gmail.com wrote:

Some key phrases / sub topics:
* Astound (cable based) ISP in eastern Pa. area
* Arris DG2470A modem / router in bridge mode with Ubiquiti Edge Router X
* Ubiquiti Edge Router X in DMZ



I'm tired but I'm lost at your set up and I'm not in the US! :)

- Is Astound simply the name of your ISP or is it a  HW from your ISP?
- Arris DG2470A, where is it coming from (provided by your ISP?)
- Ubiquiti Edge Router X in DMZ, why is DMZ relevent in this set up?


Aside: I'm in a catch 22 -- my new, cable-based ISP (Astound / RCN) says my
questions are out of scope and I should talk to the manufacturer.  The
manufacturer says that the Arris DG2470A modem / router is not something they
sell to the end user (only to ISPs or such), and thus I should get support
from the ISP, so:



Okay, Arris is the modem provided by your ISP! :)


I've now signed up to a new ISP (Astound / RCN) that provides access via cable
(and, of course, a cable modem, an Arris DG2470A -- it does include a router
but without all the features I'd like to have).  So far, I have not been able
to connect to Astound with the modem in bridge mode (and using DHCP in the
router).


Bridge mode will disable router capability which include DHCP  capability.


I'm not 100% sure whether Astound (in my area, around Allentown, Pa.) uses
PPPoE or DHCP to make the connection.  So far, I've tried only DHCP.


I would say cable uses DHCP or a static IP if you pay for it.



Astound does need to do something on their end to register the modem in order
to make it work.  They have told me that the thing they need to register the
modem is the MAC address (and, of course, they have that for the Arris).


This is possible but that could also be something else.
My ISP does not use the mac addr!


I've also seen a suggestion that I put the Ubiquiti in the DMZ zone of the
Arris, but I haven't fully assimilated that suggestion, for example, I'm not
sure what IP address to assign to the (WAN) port of the Ubiquiti in that case
-- a private address on my LAN or something else.



If you use your Arris in router mode, you could use the DMZ capability
to avoid FW and some other stuff that the Arris would do if your Ubikiti
was not in the DMZ.
In other words, bridge mode will give the public IP from your ISP to
your Ubikiti while DMZ will let you use the FW from your Ubikiti to
protect the network that is behind your Ubikiti while getting an private
IP from your ISP Arris modem router.


(Right now I've got a bunch of web pages open, some of which I've started to
read -- when I find / get back to the page that suggests putting the Ubiquiti
in the DMZ, my questions might be answered (on the subject of putting the
Ubiquiti in the DMZ).



If I can, I'll always use a modem from my ISP with my own stuff behind it.
If my ISP does not give a modem, I'll revert to put it in bridge mode
which will act effectively as a modem.
If I can not get a modem or have access to bridge mode, I will resort to
a DMZ capability from my ISP crap!


I'm also not sure what problems having the Ubiquiti in the DMZ might cause --
in general, I'd prefer to have the Ubiquiti connected to the Arris in bridge
mode (because of my past experience).


+1



I did think about using both the Ubiquiti (and DHCP, if that's what Astound
uses in this area) and the Arris sort of in series (the Ubiquiti ("downstream"
of the Arris) then doing the DHCP (and other features, e.g. QOS) for the LAN,
but I'm leery of doing that because I've seen (somewhat vague) warnings on the
Internet about doing double NAT.  (Maybe that is only an issue of speed, which


Double NAT is one thing but the real issue to me in this case what is
the deffinition of DMZ for the Arris.


I don't think would bother me -- the Astound connection could be 30 (or  more
(or less)) times as fast as the DSL connection.)

I suppose I could do the two in series (as mentioned above), leave DHCP turned
on in both, but the firewall turned off in the upstream modem / router.


Which is what the DMZ should do, note that in the DMZ set up the client
side of your Arris would get a lease from your ISP with a public address
then the DHCP server of the Arris would dish out an private Ip to your
Ubikiti DHCP client in this case and the DHCP server of your Ubikiti
will provide private IPs to your network(s).



I'm getting too old -- trial and error (as I've done a few times) is nerve
wracking for me.  Even getting the Ubiquiti back to the configuration to use on
my DSL ISP drove me crazy, I had to try a few times to do that (I haven't
cancelled my DSL ISP yet), and I'm not sure that I know the exact steps to get
that setup working again if I have to (i.e., if I try the Astound connection
and don't get it working), but I feel, since I accomplished it once, I can do
it again (i.e., I'm seeking comments on the problems of connecting to
Astound rather than those of reconnecting to my DSL ISP).



You should be able to 

Re: OT: Using my (new) cable based ISP with their modem in bridge mode and my existing router

[Dan Ritter]

rhkra...@gmail.com wrote: 
> Some key phrases / sub topics:
>* Astound (cable based) ISP in eastern Pa. area
>* Arris DG2470A modem / router in bridge mode with Ubiquiti Edge Router X
>* Ubiquiti Edge Router X in DMZ 

> I've now signed up to a new ISP (Astound / RCN) that provides access via 
> cable 
> (and, of course, a cable modem, an Arris DG2470A -- it does include a router 
> but without all the features I'd like to have).  So far, I have not been able 
> to connect to Astound with the modem in bridge mode (and using DHCP in the 
> router).
> 
> I'm not 100% sure whether Astound (in my area, around Allentown, Pa.) uses 
> PPPoE or DHCP to make the connection.  So far, I've tried only DHCP. 

All the other RCN connections I've heard of used DHCP to assign
an IPv4 address. (I used them for seven years.)

> I am thinking of doing something like cloning the modem's MAC address in the 
> router (and also maybe putting a different MAC address in the Arris) so that 
> maybe Astound will accept a logon from the Ubiquiti router (of course, I 
> don't 
> know if the problem is that Astound doesn't like that the Ubiquiti is trying 
> to make the connection).

Let me offer a different solution: buy your own cable modem.

The 2470A is a 24x8 DOCSIS 3.0 modem, along with the aggravating
router portion.

You can get a Motorola MG7621 for under $100. It's also a 24x8
DOCSIS 3.0 modem.

Others include Linksys CM3024, Netgear CM600, and TP-Link
TC7650.

All of these are on RCN's own approved list.

Once you have one of them, call up the service center to get it
authorized on your account, and then connect up your router to
the ethernet port.

-dsr-

OT: Using my (new) cable based ISP with their modem in bridge mode and my existing router

[rhkramer]

Some key phrases / sub topics:
   * Astound (cable based) ISP in eastern Pa. area
   * Arris DG2470A modem / router in bridge mode with Ubiquiti Edge Router X
   * Ubiquiti Edge Router X in DMZ 

Aside: I'm in a catch 22 -- my new, cable-based ISP (Astound / RCN) says my 
questions are out of scope and I should talk to the manufacturer.  The 
manufacturer says that the Arris DG2470A modem / router is not something they 
sell to the end user (only to ISPs or such), and thus I should get support 
from the ISP, so:

For the the last 10 years or so I've used a DSL modem (in bridge mode) and a 
Ubiquiti Edge Router X.  With the modem in bridge mode the router was 
responsible for connection to the ISP (and using, afaict, pppoe).

I've now signed up to a new ISP (Astound / RCN) that provides access via cable 
(and, of course, a cable modem, an Arris DG2470A -- it does include a router 
but without all the features I'd like to have).  So far, I have not been able 
to connect to Astound with the modem in bridge mode (and using DHCP in the 
router).

(The new modem / router does work fine in non-bridge mode, so my connection and 
such works.)

I'm not 100% sure whether Astound (in my area, around Allentown, Pa.) uses 
PPPoE or DHCP to make the connection.  So far, I've tried only DHCP. 

Astound does need to do something on their end to register the modem in order 
to make it work.  They have told me that the thing they need to register the 
modem is the MAC address (and, of course, they have that for the Arris).

I am thinking of doing something like cloning the modem's MAC address in the 
router (and also maybe putting a different MAC address in the Arris) so that 
maybe Astound will accept a logon from the Ubiquiti router (of course, I don't 
know if the problem is that Astound doesn't like that the Ubiquiti is trying 
to make the connection).

I've also seen a suggestion that I put the Ubiquiti in the DMZ zone of the 
Arris, but I haven't fully assimilated that suggestion, for example, I'm not 
sure what IP address to assign to the (WAN) port of the Ubiquiti in that case 
-- a private address on my LAN or something else.  

(Right now I've got a bunch of web pages open, some of which I've started to 
read -- when I find / get back to the page that suggests putting the Ubiquiti 
in the DMZ, my questions might be answered (on the subject of putting the 
Ubiquiti in the DMZ).  

I'm also not sure what problems having the Ubiquiti in the DMZ might cause -- 
in general, I'd prefer to have the Ubiquiti connected to the Arris in bridge 
mode (because of my past experience).

I did think about using both the Ubiquiti (and DHCP, if that's what Astound 
uses in this area) and the Arris sort of in series (the Ubiquiti ("downstream" 
of the Arris) then doing the DHCP (and other features, e.g. QOS) for the LAN, 
but I'm leery of doing that because I've seen (somewhat vague) warnings on the 
Internet about doing double NAT.  (Maybe that is only an issue of speed, which 
I don't think would bother me -- the Astound connection could be 30 (or  more 
(or less)) times as fast as the DSL connection.)

I suppose I could do the two in series (as mentioned above), leave DHCP turned 
on in both, but the firewall turned off in the upstream modem / router.

I'm getting too old -- trial and error (as I've done a few times) is nerve 
wracking for me.  Even getting the Ubiquiti back to the configuration to use on 
my DSL ISP drove me crazy, I had to try a few times to do that (I haven't 
cancelled my DSL ISP yet), and I'm not sure that I know the exact steps to get 
that setup working again if I have to (i.e., if I try the Astound connection 
and don't get it working), but I feel, since I accomplished it once, I can do 
it again (i.e., I'm seeking comments on the problems of connecting to 
Astound rather than those of reconnecting to my DSL ISP).

Thanks!

Re: why symbolic link arnt visible?

[tomas]

On Fri, Apr 28, 2023 at 01:28:11PM -0400, Greg Wooledge wrote:
> On Fri, Apr 28, 2023 at 07:06:17PM +0200, Maurizio Caloro wrote:
> > f: /var/lib/rancid/routers/configs
> > drwxr-xr-x root   root   /
> > drwxr-xr-x root   root   var
> > drwxr-xr-x root   root   lib
> > drwxr-xr-x rancid rancid rancid
> > drwxr-x--- rancid rancid routers
> > drwxr-x--- rancid rancid configs
> 
> The last two directories are missing world +x permission.  This means
> the web server process can't touch them -- can't enter them, can't
> open files within them, etc.

[...]

I guess they need read permission too?

And the file itself, c3560, also needs read permissions.
We don't know that, yet :)

Cheers
-- 
t


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Description: PGP signature

Re: why symbolic link arnt visible?

[tomas]

On Fri, Apr 28, 2023 at 07:06:17PM +0200, Maurizio Caloro wrote:
> Hello and thanks for so meny answer
> 
> f: /
> drwxr-xr-x root root /

[...]

> drwxr-x---  4 rancid rancid 4096 Apr 27 18:44 /var/lib/rancid/routers
> drwxr-x---  2 rancid rancid 4096 Apr 27 18:44
 ^^^
And here is your problem: the directory /var/lib/rancid/routers is
not readable and not traversable by www-data (only user rancid or
group rancid can).

I still miss the two last members of your long chain:
  /var/lib/rancid/routers/configs/c3560
What about configs? And c3560?

As a quick fix you could try
  chmod -R o+rX /var/lib/rancid/routers

This is a small "r" and a capital, i.e. big X. This
would make files readable and directories searchable
for "others" (and thus for www-data).

Of course, the best is you think hard and long about
what you want exactly to achieve :-)

Cheers
-- 
t


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Re: why symbolic link arnt visible?

[Greg Wooledge]

On Fri, Apr 28, 2023 at 07:06:17PM +0200, Maurizio Caloro wrote:
> f: /var/lib/rancid/routers/configs
> drwxr-xr-x root   root   /
> drwxr-xr-x root   root   var
> drwxr-xr-x root   root   lib
> drwxr-xr-x rancid rancid rancid
> drwxr-x--- rancid rancid routers
> drwxr-x--- rancid rancid configs

The last two directories are missing world +x permission.  This means
the web server process can't touch them -- can't enter them, can't
open files within them, etc.

> # ls -ld / /var /var/lib /var/lib/rancid /var/lib/rancid/routers
> /var/lib/rancid/routers/configs
> drwxr-xr-x 20 root   root   4096 Feb  3 13:55 /
> drwxr-xr-x 13 root   root   4096 Nov  7 20:24 /var
> drwxr-xr-x 31 root   root   4096 Apr 25 18:28 /var/lib
> drwxr-xr-x  7 rancid rancid 4096 Apr 27 18:39 /var/lib/rancid
> drwxr-x---  4 rancid rancid 4096 Apr 27 18:44 /var/lib/rancid/routers
> drwxr-x---  2 rancid rancid 4096 Apr 27 18:44
> /var/lib/rancid/routers/configs

Same result here, just in a slightly different format.  Both commands
that I gave you are equally powerful here.  It's really just a matter
of preference.  The namei one is easier to type, because you don't
have to list out all the subdirectories one by one.  The ls one is
more familiar to most people.

Anyway, you're going to have to figure out the correct way to handle
this.  I'm not familiar with this "rancid" thing, so I don't know why
these directories have restricted permissions, or what the ramifications
would be if you were to add o+x bits to them.

You may need help from someone with rancid knowledge.

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[Ashir YT]

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channel link is as follows:
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Anxiously and eagerly waiting to work with your brand for prmotion

AW: why symbolic link arnt visible?

[Maurizio Caloro]

Hello and thanks for so meny answer

f: /
drwxr-xr-x root root /

f: /var
drwxr-xr-x root root /
drwxr-xr-x root root var

f: /var/lib
drwxr-xr-x root root /
drwxr-xr-x root root var
drwxr-xr-x root root lib

f: /var/lib/rancid
drwxr-xr-x root   root   /
drwxr-xr-x root   root   var
drwxr-xr-x root   root   lib
drwxr-xr-x rancid rancid rancid

f: /var/lib/rancid/routers
drwxr-xr-x root   root   /
drwxr-xr-x root   root   var
drwxr-xr-x root   root   lib
drwxr-xr-x rancid rancid rancid
drwxr-x--- rancid rancid routers

f: /var/lib/rancid/routers/configs
drwxr-xr-x root   root   /
drwxr-xr-x root   root   var
drwxr-xr-x root   root   lib
drwxr-xr-x rancid rancid rancid
drwxr-x--- rancid rancid routers
drwxr-x--- rancid rancid configs


# ls -ld / /var /var/lib /var/lib/rancid /var/lib/rancid/routers
/var/lib/rancid/routers/configs
drwxr-xr-x 20 root   root   4096 Feb  3 13:55 /
drwxr-xr-x 13 root   root   4096 Nov  7 20:24 /var
drwxr-xr-x 31 root   root   4096 Apr 25 18:28 /var/lib
drwxr-xr-x  7 rancid rancid 4096 Apr 27 18:39 /var/lib/rancid
drwxr-x---  4 rancid rancid 4096 Apr 27 18:44 /var/lib/rancid/routers
drwxr-x---  2 rancid rancid 4096 Apr 27 18:44
/var/lib/rancid/routers/configs




-Ursprüngliche Nachricht-
Von: Greg Wooledge  
Gesendet: Freitag, 28. April 2023 13:55
An: debian-user@lists.debian.org
Betreff: Re: why symbolic link arnt visible?

On Fri, Apr 28, 2023 at 06:53:11AM +0200, Maurizio Caloro wrote:
> (Unattributed:)
> >Could you do ls -l to /var/lib/rancid, /var/lib/rancid/routers and so on
until .../c3560?
> Every file in this path "-R rancid:randic /var/lib/rancid"

Please actually show us.  Use either of these two commands:

# namei -l /var/lib/rancid/routers/configs

# ls -ld / /var /var/lib /var/lib/rancid /var/lib/rancid/routers
/var/lib/rancid/routers/configs

Run one of these commands in a terminal.  Then paste the entire block of
lines, from the shell prompt + command that you ran all the way down to the
next shell prompt, into the body of your email.

Here's an example:

unicorn:~$ namei -l /usr/local/bin/bash-5.2
f: /usr/local/bin/bash-5.2
drwxr-xr-x root root  /
drwxr-xr-x root root  usr
drwxr-sr-x root staff local
drwxr-sr-x root staff bin
lrwxrwxrwx root staff bash-5.2 -> bash-5.2.12
-rwxr-xr-x root staff   bash-5.2.12
unicorn:~$ 

Re: Evolution email (problem?) (IMAP, Gmail)

[Max Nikulin]

For those who missed start of the thread: it is dedicated to IMAP access 
to Gmail and Evolution behavior.


On 27/04/2023 23:15, Default User wrote:

It stays in both folders, with
only the one in "All Mail" having a line through it, showing that is
marked for deletion, but is not deleted, and is not even moved to
"Trash", which remains empty.


What will happen if you try to "compact" the "All Mail" folder? I am 
unsure concerning precise name of such action in evolution. In 
thunderbird delete vs. mark for deletion setting is account-wide and can 
not be chosen per folder. However even when "delete" is chosen, messages 
may be retained in folders till they are automatically compacted or this 
action is forced by user.



Moving the message from "Inbox" to another folder in the same email
account, for example "Spam", DOES remove the message from "All Mail".
That does not make sense to me!


It is better to experiment with a custom label. Spam or Trash are rather 
special cases (perhaps on both sides: client and server).



I am reluctant to test moving a message from one email account to
another one, as I do not do not want to have an another unexpected
problem occur, and I do want to keep the email accounts strictly
isolated from each other.


Almost certainly messages may be deleted from web UI. Anyway a couple of 
test messages should not cause real mess.

Re: sha256sum --text generating blank spaces and hyphens?

[Max Nikulin]

On 28/04/2023 15:06, Nicolas George wrote:

Max Nikulin (12023-04-28):

So URI comparison is not a trivial task.


It is an impossible task unless you have specific information about the
workings of the website.


However some steps toward URL normalization should still be tried.


And you will quickly face servers that sends incorrectly Content-Type or
intentionally put application/octet-stream with no sniff header to force
browser to save the file instead of opening it e.g. in built-in PDF reader.


So what?


Usually I would trust libmagic/file(1) more than the content-type 
header. HTTP server may send header depending on file extension. Of 
course, there are cases when info provided by libmagic may be extended 
by Content-Type or file suffix (in URI path or download file name hint 
in HTTP headers): XPI browser extensions are ZIP files. Plain text file 
may contain markdown or reStructured text markup. You regret absence of 
standard way to store file type, but incorrect value may be 
intentionally specified there. I consider heuristics unavoidable whether 
with standardized place or without it.

Re: Erro no controle de listas

[Raphael Souza]

Obrigado!

Obter o Outlook para Android

From: Raphael Souza 
Sent: Friday, April 28, 2023 11:09:24 AM
To: Adriano Rafael Gomes ; 
debian-user-portuguese@lists.debian.org 

Subject: Re: Erro no controle de listas

Pessoal, como faço para me desinscrever da lista de email?

Obter o Outlook para Android


De: Adriano Rafael Gomes 
Enviado: quinta-feira, 27 de abril de 2023 19:43
Para: debian-user-portuguese@lists.debian.org 

Assunto: Re: Erro no controle de listas

On Thu, Apr 27, 2023 at 02:05:42PM +, Andre AE wrote:
>Olá,
>
>Eu acredito ter encontrado um bug no controle de listas. Ao tentar enviar um 
>email para o -subscribe do debian-user, retornou com o erro:
>
>550: 5.1.1 : Recipient address 
>rejected: User unknown in virtual alias table
>
>Então obviamente não tem como enviar um email lá. Pesquisar no bug track não 
>revelaram problemas gerais, apenas erros em pacotes. Então abrir um bug direto?
>
>André

Oi, André.

Dê uma olhada em https://www.debian.org/MailingLists/#subunsub

Acredito que o que você queira possa ser -REQUEST em vez de -subscribe
no endereço de e-mail, com subscribe no assunto.

Ou você poderia se inscrever via formulário web, conforme o mesmo link
anterior.

Re: Erro no controle de listas

[Raphael Souza]

Pessoal, como faço para me desinscrever da lista de email?

Obter o Outlook para Android


De: Adriano Rafael Gomes 
Enviado: quinta-feira, 27 de abril de 2023 19:43
Para: debian-user-portuguese@lists.debian.org 

Assunto: Re: Erro no controle de listas

On Thu, Apr 27, 2023 at 02:05:42PM +, Andre AE wrote:
>Olá,
>
>Eu acredito ter encontrado um bug no controle de listas. Ao tentar enviar um 
>email para o -subscribe do debian-user, retornou com o erro:
>
>550: 5.1.1 : Recipient address 
>rejected: User unknown in virtual alias table
>
>Então obviamente não tem como enviar um email lá. Pesquisar no bug track não 
>revelaram problemas gerais, apenas erros em pacotes. Então abrir um bug direto?
>
>André

Oi, André.

Dê uma olhada em https://www.debian.org/MailingLists/#subunsub

Acredito que o que você queira possa ser -REQUEST em vez de -subscribe
no endereço de e-mail, com subscribe no assunto.

Ou você poderia se inscrever via formulário web, conforme o mesmo link
anterior.

Re: Libreoffice enregistrer fichier dans NAS

[Michel Verdier]

Le 28 avril 2023 Haricophile a écrit :

> Pour les noms de fichiers (et pas le contenu) sous Mate j'utilise
> fsearch qui marche super bien et vite, et je le met comme moteur de
> recherche par défaut dans le menu principal. Avec un peu de sémantique
> dans les noms de dossiers et fichiers, ça couvre 98% de mes besoins de
> recherche. Pour le reste, je me demande si je ne perds pas moins de
> temps a chercher «à la main» que le temps perdu par Recoll et autres
> Tracker3 qui me bouffent une quantité considérables de ressources
> système, surtout avec les fichiers compressés.
>
> Recoll il faut le réserver à des dossiers ou c'est vraiment
> indispensable.

fsearch se rapproche de locate, recoll fait une indexation sur le
contenu, donc concept différent. Il utilise une base xapian, très rapide,
et l'indexation est très peu gourmande car incrémentale. Juste la base
prend de l'espace disque. J'ai plus de 40.000 fichiers dans plein de
formats (pdf, etc) dans mon /home donc ça s'impose. Et recoll propose un
dépôt debian sur son site.

Searching for HA shared storage free for docker

[Mimiko]

Hello.

I would want to use a shared storage with docker to store volume so swarm 
containers can use the volumes from different docker nodes.
As for now I tried glusterFS and linstor+drbd.
GlusterFS has a bug with slow replication and slow volume status presentation or timing out. Also directory listing or data access is not reliable, 
despite the nodes are connected with each other. So the GlusterFS didn't worked for me.

With linstor+drbd and linstor plugin for docker, the created volumes are 
inconsistend on creation. Did not find a solution.
I want to try Ceth.

What other storage distributions did you tried and worked? It should have mirroring data on more than 2 nodes, representation as a bloch device to 
mount in system, or as a network file system to be mounted using fstab, or using docker volume. Sould be HA and consistent with at least 3 nodes and 
can automatically get back even if two of three nodes restarts, and be prune to sporadic network shortage.

GlusterFS could be preferrable on this with there were not the bug with timeout.

Re: why symbolic link arnt visible?

[Greg Wooledge]

On Fri, Apr 28, 2023 at 06:53:11AM +0200, Maurizio Caloro wrote:
> (Unattributed:)
> >Could you do ls -l to /var/lib/rancid, /var/lib/rancid/routers and so on 
> >until .../c3560?
> Every file in this path "-R rancid:randic /var/lib/rancid"

Please actually show us.  Use either of these two commands:

# namei -l /var/lib/rancid/routers/configs

# ls -ld / /var /var/lib /var/lib/rancid /var/lib/rancid/routers 
/var/lib/rancid/routers/configs

Run one of these commands in a terminal.  Then paste the entire block of
lines, from the shell prompt + command that you ran all the way down to
the next shell prompt, into the body of your email.

Here's an example:

unicorn:~$ namei -l /usr/local/bin/bash-5.2
f: /usr/local/bin/bash-5.2
drwxr-xr-x root root  /
drwxr-xr-x root root  usr
drwxr-sr-x root staff local
drwxr-sr-x root staff bin
lrwxrwxrwx root staff bash-5.2 -> bash-5.2.12
-rwxr-xr-x root staff   bash-5.2.12
unicorn:~$ 

Re: Libreoffice enregistrer fichier dans NAS

[Haricophile]

Le Fri, 28 Apr 2023 11:00:54 +0200,
Hugues MORIN-TRENEULE  a écrit :

> Je n'utilise ni recoll ni locate car je ne connaissais pas avant que
> tu n'en parles.
> Quand je cherche un fichier soit j'utilise find soit j'utilise la
> recherche de caja (je suis sous mate) dans l'explorateur de fichier.

Pour les noms de fichiers (et pas le contenu) sous Mate j'utilise
fsearch qui marche super bien et vite, et je le met comme moteur de
recherche par défaut dans le menu principal. Avec un peu de sémantique
dans les noms de dossiers et fichiers, ça couvre 98% de mes besoins de
recherche. Pour le reste, je me demande si je ne perds pas moins de
temps a chercher «à la main» que le temps perdu par Recoll et autres
Tracker3 qui me bouffent une quantité considérables de ressources
système, surtout avec les fichiers compressés.

Recoll il faut le réserver à des dossiers ou c'est vraiment
indispensable.

Re: sembla que Debian 12 sortirà el 10 de juny

[jam]

Què bonic! Just a la festa de Màlaga:

https://www.opensouthcode.org/conferences/opensouthcode2023


On 28/04/2023 10:08, Àlex wrote:

https://lists.debian.org/debian-devel-announce/2023/04/msg7.html


--


El 2003 el català era la llengua habitual del 46 % dels catalans. Al 2018 
només del 36 %. Si els castellanoparlants no actuem, desapareixerà.

El 3 de novembre representa el moment de l'any en el que les dones deixen 
de cobrar en comparació amb els homes. Hem d’ajudar a les dones a eliminar 
aquesta data.

L’administració pública cada any es gasta milions d’euros en llicències de 
programari privatiu. Utilitzant programari lliure estalviem costos i incentivem 
l’economia local.

La neutralitat davant les desigualtats acaba accentuant-les.

AW: Was it a good idea to buy an Epson printer?

[Schwibinger Michael]

Good afternoon


Thank You for help.

Its Debian 11 LXDE


I did not find a button:

Install printer.


Regards
Sophie



Von: Andrew M.A. Cater 
Gesendet: Montag, 24. April 2023 21:41
An: debian-user@lists.debian.org 
Betreff: Re: Was it a good idea to buy an Epson printer?

On Mon, Apr 24, 2023 at 01:36:24PM +, Schwibinger Michael wrote:
>
>
> Good afternoon
>
> Thank You
> Was it a good idea to buy EPSON?
>
> Regards
> Sophie
>

Good evening, Sophie

Many printers can be supported in Debian: one way or another we should be
able to help you.

Since we cannot be with you to see exactly what you are doing: could you
please answer some questions for the list to help us to help you?

Just to check: Exactly which version of Debian are you using?

You can find this in the file /etc/debian_version

Which desktop environment are you running?

GNOME or KDE or one of the others?

Many desktop environments have Settings or something similar gathering
together tools to set up screens, sound and printers.

Thank you for your help in helping us :)

With best wishes

Andy Cater
or something similar which gathers together tools to set up sound, screens
and so on.

>
>
> 
> Von: The Wanderer
> Gesendet: Freitag, 14. April 2023 23:28
> Bis: debian-user@lists.debian.org
> Betreff: Re: EPSON ET M 1120 new printer: If You can read this, you are using 
> the wrong driver
>
> On 2023-04-14 at 19:17, Brian wrote:
>
> > On Fri 14 Apr 2023 at 19:06:08 -0400, The Wanderer wrote:
> >
> >> On 2023-04-14 at 18:52, Brian wrote:
>
> >>> The EPSON ET M 1120 doesn't exist. Do we have to guess its
> >>> correct name as well as any other relevant information?
> >>
> >> When I searched for
> >>
> >> Epson ET M 1120
> >>
> >> I got a suggestion that I may have meant "M1120" instead of the
> >> last two search terms, and hits for the "Epson EcoTank ET M1120"
> >> and/or "Epson EcoTank M1120", which look to be different names for
> >> the same model and to be a fairly clear match.
> >>
> >> While, yes, specifying the exact name clearly would be preferable,
> >> this is far from unreasonably difficult to figure out.
> >
> > I decided to take your signature as a template for my original
> > response :).
>
> I can respect that!
>
> >>> I haven't a clue what you are going on about here. Shift-L in
> >>> mutt was used at this end.
> >>
> >> Your replies to the OP have been fine, AFAIK. The OP's message was
> >> itself a reply, as can be seen by looking at its headers
> >> (In-Reply-To: and References:), but was otherwise presented as if
> >> it had been the start of a new thread; that is not fine, because it
> >> hides the "new thread" inside of the existing one, at least for
> >> anyone using a threaded view of the list of messages.
> >
> > That's an issue for the OP, not me.
>
> Certainly. I was meaning that bullet-point item as an addendum to the
> list you provided (which I understand to have been aimed at the OP), not
> as something directed at you.
>
> --
>The Wanderer
>
> The reasonable man adapts himself to the world; the unreasonable one
> persists in trying to adapt the world to himself. Therefore all
> progress depends on the unreasonable man. -- George Bernard Shaw
>

Re: Libreoffice enregistrer fichier dans NAS

[Hugues MORIN-TRENEULE]

Salut

Mes connaissances sont bien moins avancées que les tiennes et donc mes
solutions sont un peu triviales.

Je n'utilise ni recoll ni locate car je ne connaissais pas avant que tu
n'en parles.
Quand je cherche un fichier soit j'utilise find soit j'utilise la recherche
de caja (je suis sous mate) dans l'explorateur de fichier.

Je n'utilise que tres peu la recherche de fichier, donc le temps de
recherche m'importe peu.

Juste pour info mon nas DLink DNS-320L qui a déjà plusieurs années (7 ou 8).

Bonne journée
Hugues


Le jeu. 27 avr. 2023 à 23:10, Frederic Zulian  a écrit :

> Hmm, j'ai accès aux fichiers stockés sur le NAS.  Cela ne pose pas de
> problème.
>
> Par contre, recoll refuse de les indexer à partir d'un PC distant. locate
> fonctionne  pour retrouver un fichier, mais
> ce n'est pas particulièrement pratique
>
> Comment procèdes-tu pour retrouver un fichier stocké sur ton NAS ?
>
> Frédéric ZULIAN
> --
> Pour la santé de votre ordinateur, préférez les logiciels libres.
> https://www.april.org/
>
>
>
> Le jeu. 27 avr. 2023 à 18:43, Hugues MORIN-TRENEULE  a
> écrit :
>
>> Salut
>>
>> J'utilise quotidiennement mon NAS comme si c'etait un disque local  sans
>> aucun probleme.
>> J'utilise Samba pour acceder au NAS
>> Voila ce que j'ai et qui fonctionne chez moi:
>>
>> # Monter NAS
>> //192.168.0.XXX/Repertoire/mnt/MON_NAS_MOUNT cifs
>>  
>> credentials=/root/.smbcredentials,iocharset=utf8,gid=1000,uid=1000,vers=1.0,_netdev
>>0   0
>>
>> credentials=/root/.smbcredentials contient le login/mdp pour avoir acces
>> au NAS
>>
>> J'espere que ca pourra t'aider un peu
>>
>> Cordialement
>> Hugues
>>
>>
>> Le jeu. 27 avr. 2023 à 16:59, Frederic Zulian  a
>> écrit :
>>
>>> Bonjour,
>>>
>>> Lorsque je tente d'enregistrer un fichier à partir de libre-office  sur
>>> un partage de mon NAS.
>>> J'ai un message d'erreur :  "Pas de point de montage."
>>>
>>> Pourtant j'accède à mes partages sur mon NAS* avec, par exemple, Dolphin
>>> sans pb.
>>>
>>> Un cat /etc/fstab montre que les partitions (lettres et photos) sont
>>> bien présentes :
>>>
>>> # / was on /dev/sdc1 during installation
>>> UUID=6f9136f0-b63f-4665-a3f9-4d5c929de219 /   ext4
>>>errors=remount-ro 0   1
>>> # swap was on /dev/sdc5 during installation
>>> UUID=5161aff4-db4f-409a-93c8-5e05e1f43756 noneswapsw
>>>  0   0
>>> /dev/sr0/media/cdrom0   udf,iso9660 user,noauto 0   0
>>> # >>> [openmediavault]
>>> /dev/disk/by-uuid/7c90f245-23c5-4c0d-8273-95adf22ae13f
>>>  /srv/dev-disk-by-uuid-7c90f245-23c5-4c0d-8273-95adf22ae13f
>>>  ext4
>>>
>>> defaults,nofail,user_xattr,usrjquota=aquota.user,grpjquota=aquota.group,jqfmt=vfsv0,acl
>>> 0 2
>>> /dev/disk/by-uuid/17360400-f430-4b4d-b096-0a767c99f96f
>>>  /srv/dev-disk-by-uuid-17360400-f430-4b4d-b096-0a767c99f96f
>>>  ext4
>>>
>>> defaults,nofail,user_xattr,usrjquota=aquota.user,grpjquota=aquota.group,jqfmt=vfsv0,acl
>>> 0 2
>>> /srv/dev-disk-by-uuid-7c90f245-23c5-4c0d-8273-95adf22ae13f/Lettres/
>>> /export/Lettres nonebind,nofail 0 0
>>> /srv/dev-disk-by-uuid-7c90f245-23c5-4c0d-8273-95adf22ae13f/Photos/
>>>  /export/Photos  nonebind,nofail 0 0
>>> /fred/  /export/frednonebind,nofail 0 0
>>> # <<< [openmediavault]
>>> $
>>>
>>> *NAS = opnemediavault, répertoires partagés avec samba et NFS.
>>>
>>> Une idée ?
>>>
>>> Frédéric ZULIAN
>>> --
>>> Pour la santé de votre ordinateur, préférez les logiciels libres.
>>> https://www.april.org/
>>>
>>>

date de sortie prévisionnelle de Debian 12 Bookworm: le 10 juin 2023

[didier gaumet]

date de sortie prévisionnelle de Debian 12 Bookworm: le 10 juin 2023.

le message annoçant la nouvelle sur la liste Devel:
https://lists.debian.org/debian-devel-announce/2023/04/msg7.html

sembla que Debian 12 sortirà el 10 de juny

[Àlex]

https://lists.debian.org/debian-devel-announce/2023/04/msg7.html

Re: sha256sum --text generating blank spaces and hyphens?

[Nicolas George]

Max Nikulin (12023-04-28):
> So URI comparison is not a trivial task.

It is an impossible task unless you have specific information about the
workings of the website.

> And you will quickly face servers that sends incorrectly Content-Type or
> intentionally put application/octet-stream with no sniff header to force
> browser to save the file instead of opening it e.g. in built-in PDF reader.

So what?

-- 
  Nicolas George


signature.asc
Description: PGP signature

Re: Dubtes de targeta gràfica

[Joan]

Merci Àlex! 

No, la veritat és que jo l'ordinador només l'uso "ofimàticament", per
la feina de desenvolupament web...


El Thu, 27 Apr 2023 19:14:42 +0200
Alex Muntada  va escriure:

>Hola, Joan:
>
>> Entenc que les targetes gràfiques no integrades li aportarien:
>> capacitat de càlcul/CPU i memòria.  
>
>Aquesta capacitat de càlcul de les GPU està molt especialitzada
>per a determinades tasques, com ara l'entrenament dels models
>d'IA, la generació i visualització de gràfics, mineria de
>criptomonedes, etc.
>
>Si el que esperes és un millor rendiment generalitzat del teu
>sistema, no crec que l'obtinguis tret que el teu ús habitual
>encaixi en alguna d'aquestes tasques.
>
>Salut,
>Alex
>
>--
>  ⢀⣴⠾⠻⢶⣦⠀
>  ⣾⠁⢠⠒⠀⣿⡁   Alex Muntada 
>  ⢿⡄⠘⠷⠚⠋   Debian Developer  log.alexm.org
>  ⠈⠳⣄
>


-- 
Joan Cervan i Andreu
http://personal.calbasi.net

"El meu paper no és transformar el món ni l'home sinó, potser, el de
ser útil, des del meu lloc, als pocs valors sense els quals un món no
val la pena viure'l" A. Camus

i pels que teniu fe:
"Déu no és la Veritat, la Veritat és Déu"
Gandhi

"Donar exemple no és la principal manera d'influir sobre els altres; és
l'única manera" Albert Einstein

“Lluitarem contra el fort mentre siguem febles i contra nosaltres
mateixos quan siguem forts” Lluís Maria Xirinacs

Re: AW: why symbolic link arnt visible?

[tomas]

On Fri, Apr 28, 2023 at 06:20:02AM +0100, Tim Woodall wrote:

[...]

> It"s the target of the link that has a permission problem, not the
> source.

That's my bet, too.

Cheers
-- 
t


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Re: Libreoffice enregistrer fichier dans NAS

[Michel Verdier]

Le 27 avril 2023 Frederic Zulian a écrit :

>> # Monter NAS
>> //192.168.0.XXX/Repertoire/mnt/MON_NAS_MOUNT cifs
>>  
>> credentials=/root/.smbcredentials,iocharset=utf8,gid=1000,uid=1000,vers=1.0,_netdev
>>0   0

Dans ta commande mount on voit que ce point de montage n'est pas
monté. Dolphin doit le faire à la volée mais libreoffice ne sait pas
faire ça. Donc ton problème est que le point de montage ne se fait
pas (sans doute au boot). Commence par le faire manuellement pour voir si
tu as des warnings, ou regarde dans tes logs. Ça peut venir de la version
cifs (vs version sur ton NAS) ou autre chose.

Re: why symbolic link arnt visible?

[tomas]

On Fri, Apr 28, 2023 at 06:53:11AM +0200, Maurizio Caloro wrote:
> Thanks for you answer
> 
> >I'm guessing what you mean by "will not appear": the web server doesn't show 
> >it.
> Yes the Webserver Apache will not present the symbolic link folder
> 
> >My first hunch would be that the web server can't read (or list) any of the 
> >components of the file pointed to by the symlink.
> Yes, in the meantime I am also of the opinion, but how can I change this, 
> because the folder structure is given
> and I cannot make a right change here. Or should I make a copy of the data at 
> the end of the process?
> 
> >Could you do ls -l to /var/lib/rancid, /var/lib/rancid/routers and so on 
> >until .../c3560?
> Every file in this path "-R rancid:randic /var/lib/rancid"

This isn't the result of "ls -l". I see user & group, but we
need the permissions to know. The question is whether the
webserver's user (almost certainly www-data) can read those
(and, if you expect dir listings, can x the dirs).

> >Besides: what does Apache's error log say (best just after you tried to 
> >access the resource in question).
> AH00037: Symbolic link not allowed or link target not accessible: 
> /var/www/html/cvsweb/configs

So since the config seems to allow symlinks, the main suspect
are those permissions.

> /var/www/html/cvsweb# ls -la
> drwxr-xr-x 2 www-data www-data  4096 Apr 27 21:21 .
> drwxr-xr-x 3 www-data www-data  4096 Apr 27 21:27 ..
> lrwxrwxrwx 1 www-data www-data32 Apr 27 20:49 configs -> 
> /var/lib/rancid/routers/configs/

This half of the world doesn't help :)

Cheers
-- 
t


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Debian 12 («Gusano de biblioteca») saldrá el 10-6-2023

[Camaleón]

Hola,

Pues esto, para quienes estaban esperando la nueva versión, ya tienen 
la fecha:

bookworm release planned on 2023-06-10 and the last weeks up to the 
release
https://lists.debian.org/debian-devel-announce/2023/04/msg7.html

Saludos,

-- 
Camaleón