Re: Best way to learn 2d games with D?
On Monday, 16 March 2020 at 05:45:52 UTC, bauss wrote: Please don't recommend Derelict to anyone :-) bindbc-sdl is what folks should be using now. I'm not maintaining Derelict anymore. Haven't even heard of that! Does it work in similar fashion? Yes. The loader is @nog and betterC compatible, and I've taken a different approach to handling multiple library versions. Other than that, basically the same. https://github.com/BindBC/bindbc-sdl
Re: Best way to learn 2d games with D?
On Monday, 16 March 2020 at 02:52:56 UTC, Mike Parker wrote: On Sunday, 15 March 2020 at 18:14:44 UTC, bauss wrote: I would recommend using Derelict and SDL with D since it's the most mature. Please don't recommend Derelict to anyone :-) bindbc-sdl is what folks should be using now. I'm not maintaining Derelict anymore. Haven't even heard of that! Does it work in similar fashion?
Re: Best way to learn 2d games with D?
On Sunday, 15 March 2020 at 21:33:29 UTC, Arine wrote: I wouldn't use SDL2 for rendering. It is really just there for legacy. The only thing people use SDL2 is for setting up a window and creating a render context for OpenGL/Vulkan/Directx, along with handling input/events. There's no need for someone just learning 2D games to implement their own OGL/Vulkan/DX renderer. The SDL2 rendering API is plenty fine. And it isn't just for "legacy". It was supposed to be an enhancement over SDL's old SDL_Surface API. When they first implemented it, they restricted it to the features they implemented cross-platform in software. It also didn't do any batching for the hardware rendering. As of SDL 2.10, they have batching for the hardware renderers, which makes it even more usable. The only time I would recommend against the SDL2 renderer for a 2D game is when you A) already have your own renderer implemented anyway, or B) need some fancy shader effect. I've seen people get some decent F/X with the SDL2 renderer, but it's limited in that regard. Still no need to implement a custom renderer, though, as SDL_gpu opens the doors to shaders.
Re: Best way to learn 2d games with D?
On Sunday, 15 March 2020 at 18:14:44 UTC, bauss wrote: I would recommend using Derelict and SDL with D since it's the most mature. Please don't recommend Derelict to anyone :-) bindbc-sdl is what folks should be using now. I'm not maintaining Derelict anymore.
Re: Best way to learn 2d games with D?
On 2020-03-15 18:58, Steven Schveighoffer via Digitalmars-d-learn wrote: I'd prefer to do it with D. How about raylib in conjunction with thin d bindings? I prefer it over sdl, sfml and the like. https://www.raylib.com/examples.html (make sure to enable js for embedded examples) https://code.dlang.org/packages/raylib-d https://github.com/raysan5/raylib/blob/master/BINDINGS.md Should I just start with another language and then migrate to D later? If you can stomach lua(jit), check out love2d. Docs and provided game tutorials are super easy to follow: https://love2d.org/ https://love2d.org/wiki/Category:Tutorials Lastly, if you're more interested in the gamedev aspect, there's also the option to pick your poison from this curated mixed list of slim and fat 2d game engines: https://thomasgervraud.com/best-2d-game-engine/
Re: Best way to learn 2d games with D?
On Sunday, 15 March 2020 at 17:58:58 UTC, Steven Schveighoffer wrote: I want to try and learn how to write 2d games. I'd prefer to do it with D. No resources but I remember the serpent framework mentioned on this forum here recently. It looks pretty decent. https://github.com/lispysnake/serpent
Re: What is the wrong with my C++ interfacing
On Sunday, 15 March 2020 at 21:27:32 UTC, Ferhat Kurtulmuş wrote:
On Sunday, 15 March 2020 at 21:16:43 UTC, Arine wrote:
On Sunday, 15 March 2020 at 20:53:49 UTC, Ferhat Kurtulmuş
I wouldn't use a class on the D side, unless your C++ type
uses virtual functions. Classes in D are different from
structs, it is not the same as C++ where they are basically
the same thing.
I know their differences, classes are reference types and
structs are value types in D.
That's not the only difference. It's why your code doesn't work.
I actually don't need this code. I've already wrapped many c
code, but have no so much experience with interfacing C++ code.
I am trying to understand capabilities of D in interfacing with
C++ and its limits. I would like to know why I can interface a
template-free class, but not a class template.
You can, you just aren't representing the C++ code properly in D.
You don't want class, it means something different in D than in
C++.
This works for me, as it is using struct that corresponds to the
C++ type. You have to use extern(C++, class), as it is using
"class" on the C++ side, which produces a different mangling.
extern(C++, cv){
extern(C++, class) struct Size_(_Tp){
@disable this();
~this() { }
final _Tp area() const;
final double aspectRatio() const;
final bool empty() const;
_Tp width; //!< the width
_Tp height; //!< the height
}
}
extern(C++){
cv.Size_!int* createSizeIntWH(int w, int h);
}
void main()
{
Size_!int* sz = createSizeIntWH(200, 100);
writeln(sz.width);
}
Re: Get symbols (and/or UDAs) of subclass from superclass
On Sunday, 15 March 2020 at 20:18:03 UTC, James Blachly wrote:
I would like to programmatically retrieve members of a subclass
to create a self-documenting interface. I am afraid that my
approach is not possible due to need for compile time __traits
/ std.traits, and runtime typeinfo. My proposed approach is as
follows:
class Base
{
string whatever;
string toString()
{
// loop over __traits(allMembers, typeof(this)) or
getSymbolsByUDA, etc.
}
}
/// There may be a dozen Derived classes
class Derived1 : Base
{
@Config("a name", "a description")
float probability;
}
class Derived2 : Base
{
@Config("another", "more description")
int replicates;
}
...
Unfortunately, I am afraid this doesn't look possible because
of the need for compile-time UDAs and runtime TypeInfo. Is
there a way to do this without re-implementing toString in
every single derived class? I expect there to be many derived
classes.
Other ideas welcomed, as I usually write C-style D and am only
recently taking a stab at OO Inheritance features.
Thanks in advance.
James
A few years ago I've been faced to a similar problem and I ended
up by using an array, defined in the base class which was filled
by "hybdrid" runtime/compile-time reflection (explanations about
this come later).
In each derived class the constructor performed reflection, using
__traits(derivedMembers) + UDA filtering and the array from the
base class received the new stuff...
More concrectly:
---
class Base
{
Stuff[] stuff;
}
/// There may be a dozen Derived classes
class Derived1 : Base
{
@Config("a name", "a description")
float probability;
this()
{
foreach(dm; __traits(derivedMembers, this))
{ /* UDA filtering, then add to stuff*/ }
}
}
class Derived2 : Base
{
@Config("another", "more description")
int replicates;
this()
{
foreach(dm; __traits(derivedMembers, this))
{ /* UDA filtering, then add to stuff*/ }
}
}
---
This worked and would work for you but you'll be faced to several
issues, for example the most obvious is what is the type of
Stuff...
Another, less immediate, is that because of overridden methods
some already existing entries in the array of Stuff may have to
be replaced.
Oterwise the thing to get here is that altough you use
compile-time reflection, the reflection code is only executed at
runtime, to fill the array of Stuff.
Re: Best way to learn 2d games with D?
On Sunday, 15 March 2020 at 20:19:17 UTC, Steven Schveighoffer wrote: On 3/15/20 4:12 PM, Jordan Wilson wrote: On Sunday, 15 March 2020 at 17:58:58 UTC, Steven Schveighoffer wrote: I want to try and learn how to write 2d games. I'd prefer to do it with D. I've found a ton of tutorials on learning 2d gaming with other languages. Is there a place to look that uses D for learning? Should I just start with another language and then migrate to D later? Anyone recommend any specific tutorial/book? I'm on a similar journey myself, I'll list my findings, maybe it could be useful for you. I decided on a game programming library. I mostly looked at SFML and Allegro, and found both to have good bindings available in D, and good documentation, and got minimal examples working with both. I went with SFML, simply because there was a book written specifically about writing a game in SFML. I didn't see any such books for Allegro (although there are plenty of tutorials/articles). I learnt about the "game loop". Bauss touched on it in his post, and I'm sure there are a lot of tutorials on it. I specifically learnt about it from the first few chapters of the SFML Game Development book. I learnt about game design. In doing so, I came across Entity-Component-System design pattern. I decided to use this pattern, for no other reason than to try something other than OOP. I found these links useful: https://medium.com/ingeniouslysimple/entities-components-and-systems-89c31464240d https://gameprogrammingpatterns.com/component.html https://www.richardlord.net/blog/ecs/what-is-an-entity-framework.html I started writing a game, using the derelict-sfml2 as my game library (again, I found the allegro library to be good too), and entitysysd to provide the ECS framework (there are a few ECS written in D available). Are they the best choices? Is SFML technically limited? Will I cope with ECS beyound the toy game example? No idea. But I'm having a lot of fun, which I think for a hobby project, is a fairly good measure of success ;-) OK, I will take a look there. I am running through some basic SDL game video tutorials right now. Thanks everyone for the pointers. -Steve I wouldn't use SDL2 for rendering. It is really just there for legacy. The only thing people use SDL2 is for setting up a window and creating a render context for OpenGL/Vulkan/Directx, along with handling input/events. Do you want to create games, or do you want to create game engines? If you want to make games, then you are better off using something like Unity or UE4. If you want to learn how game engines work, then you are better off going the OpenGL/Vulkan/Directx route. But it'll be a lot of work and you basically have to create everything from the ground up yourself. If you want to try and lighten your load, it can be difficult to find separate libraries as everything is quite interconnected, and if they weren't built to communicate with one another you are just going to have a difficult time getting everything to work.
Re: What is the wrong with my C++ interfacing
On Sunday, 15 March 2020 at 21:16:43 UTC, Arine wrote: On Sunday, 15 March 2020 at 20:53:49 UTC, Ferhat Kurtulmuş I wouldn't use a class on the D side, unless your C++ type uses virtual functions. Classes in D are different from structs, it is not the same as C++ where they are basically the same thing. I know their differences, classes are reference types and structs are value types in D. I actually don't need this code. I've already wrapped many c code, but have no so much experience with interfacing C++ code. I am trying to understand capabilities of D in interfacing with C++ and its limits. I would like to know why I can interface a template-free class, but not a class template.
Re: Get symbols (and/or UDAs) of subclass from superclass
On Sunday, 15 March 2020 at 20:18:03 UTC, James Blachly wrote:
I would like to programmatically retrieve members of a subclass
to create a self-documenting interface. I am afraid that my
approach is not possible due to need for compile time __traits
/ std.traits, and runtime typeinfo. My proposed approach is as
follows:
class Base
{
string whatever;
string toString()
{
// loop over __traits(allMembers, typeof(this)) or
getSymbolsByUDA, etc.
}
}
/// There may be a dozen Derived classes
class Derived1 : Base
{
@Config("a name", "a description")
float probability;
}
class Derived2 : Base
{
@Config("another", "more description")
int replicates;
}
...
There's no built-in way to do this - toString() doesn't know what
derived classes exist, and more could be added from other modules
and even dynamically loaded libraries. Now, there are ways to do
something somewhat like it. I would suggest creating an abstract
method in the base class, that derived class would have to
override, and use a template this argument to get the correct
type for __traits(allMembers) to operate on:
class Base {
override string toString() {
return toStringImpl();
}
abstract string toStringImpl();
string toStringBase(this That)() {
// foreach (e; __traits(allMembers, That) {...}
}
}
class Derived : Base {
override string toStringImpl() {
return this.toStringBase();
}
}
Since toStringImpl will always call toStringBase, this could
perhaps better be modeled with a template mixin:
mixin template DerivedToString() {
override string toStringImpl() {
return this.toStringBase();
}
}
class Derived2 : Base {
mixin DerivedToString!();
}
This way, you can have all the logic of toString in the base
class, and the only thing a subclass will have to include is one
line for the mixin. In addition, since toStringImpl is abstract,
the implementer of a subclass will get a compile-time error if he
or she forgets to do either the mixin or override toStringImpl
themselves.
--
Simen
Re: What is the wrong with my C++ interfacing
On Sunday, 15 March 2020 at 20:53:49 UTC, Ferhat Kurtulmuş wrote:
On Sunday, 15 March 2020 at 20:46:14 UTC, drug wrote:
15.03.2020 23:25, Ferhat Kurtulmuş пишет:
On Sunday, 15 March 2020 at 20:21:57 UTC, drug wrote:
15.03.2020 22:39, Ferhat Kurtulmuş пишет:
What is the D version of `createSizeIntWH`? In C++ it
returns a pointer but in D version it returns an instance.
extern(C++){
cv.Size_!int createSizeInt();
cv.Size_!int createSizeIntWH(int w, int h);
void deleteSizeInt(ref cv.Size_!int sz);
}
createSizeIntWH returns a pointer to instance, not an
instance. Try:
cv.Size_!int* createSizeIntWH(int w, int h);
I doubt it because in
https://dlang.org/spec/cpp_interface.html#using_cpp_classes_from_d
cpp code:
Derived *createInstance(int i)
d code:
extern (C++){
...
Derived createInstance(int i);
}
I wouldn't use a class on the D side, unless your C++ type uses
virtual functions. Classes in D are different from structs, it is
not the same as C++ where they are basically the same thing.
Re: What is the wrong with my C++ interfacing
15.03.2020 23:53, Ferhat Kurtulmuş пишет:
I doubt it because in
https://dlang.org/spec/cpp_interface.html#using_cpp_classes_from_d
cpp code:
Derived *createInstance(int i)
d code:
extern (C++){
...
Derived createInstance(int i);
}
Ah, really, you use classes on D side.
Re: What is the wrong with my C++ interfacing
On Sunday, 15 March 2020 at 20:46:14 UTC, drug wrote:
15.03.2020 23:25, Ferhat Kurtulmuş пишет:
On Sunday, 15 March 2020 at 20:21:57 UTC, drug wrote:
15.03.2020 22:39, Ferhat Kurtulmuş пишет:
What is the D version of `createSizeIntWH`? In C++ it returns
a pointer but in D version it returns an instance.
extern(C++){
cv.Size_!int createSizeInt();
cv.Size_!int createSizeIntWH(int w, int h);
void deleteSizeInt(ref cv.Size_!int sz);
}
createSizeIntWH returns a pointer to instance, not an instance.
Try:
cv.Size_!int* createSizeIntWH(int w, int h);
I doubt it because in
https://dlang.org/spec/cpp_interface.html#using_cpp_classes_from_d
cpp code:
Derived *createInstance(int i)
d code:
extern (C++){
...
Derived createInstance(int i);
}
Re: What is the wrong with my C++ interfacing
15.03.2020 23:25, Ferhat Kurtulmuş пишет:
On Sunday, 15 March 2020 at 20:21:57 UTC, drug wrote:
15.03.2020 22:39, Ferhat Kurtulmuş пишет:
What is the D version of `createSizeIntWH`? In C++ it returns a
pointer but in D version it returns an instance.
extern(C++){
cv.Size_!int createSizeInt();
cv.Size_!int createSizeIntWH(int w, int h);
void deleteSizeInt(ref cv.Size_!int sz);
}
createSizeIntWH returns a pointer to instance, not an instance. Try:
cv.Size_!int* createSizeIntWH(int w, int h);
Re: What is the wrong with my C++ interfacing
On Sunday, 15 March 2020 at 20:21:57 UTC, drug wrote:
15.03.2020 22:39, Ferhat Kurtulmuş пишет:
What is the D version of `createSizeIntWH`? In C++ it returns a
pointer but in D version it returns an instance.
extern(C++){
cv.Size_!int createSizeInt();
cv.Size_!int createSizeIntWH(int w, int h);
void deleteSizeInt(ref cv.Size_!int sz);
}
Re: What is the wrong with my C++ interfacing
15.03.2020 22:39, Ferhat Kurtulmuş пишет:
The original C++ class
https://github.com/opencv/opencv/blob/master/modules/core/include/opencv2/core/types.hpp#L315:
template class Size_
{
public:
typedef _Tp value_type;
//! default constructor
Size_();
Size_(_Tp _width, _Tp _height);
Size_(const Size_& sz);
Size_(Size_&& sz) CV_NOEXCEPT;
Size_(const Point_<_Tp>& pt);
Size_& operator = (const Size_& sz);
Size_& operator = (Size_&& sz) CV_NOEXCEPT;
//! the area (width*height)
_Tp area() const;
//! aspect ratio (width/height)
double aspectRatio() const;
//! true if empty
bool empty() const;
//! conversion of another data type.
template operator Size_<_Tp2>() const;
_Tp width; //!< the width
_Tp height; //!< the height
};
// my auxiliary cpp code:
cv::Size_* createSizeIntWH(int _width, int _height){
return new cv::Size_(_width, _height);
}
void deleteSizeInt(cv::Size_ *&sz){
delete sz;
}
// d code:
extern(C++, cv){
class Size_(_Tp){
@disable this();
final _Tp area() const;
final double aspectRatio() const;
final bool empty() const;
_Tp width; //!< the width
_Tp height; //!< the height
}
}
// my test code that fails:
Size_!int sz = createSizeIntWH(200, 100);
writeln(sz.width);
What is the D version of `createSizeIntWH`? In C++ it returns a pointer
but in D version it returns an instance.
One of the problems is that sz.width is not printed as 200, but a random
int.
Other problem is that if I try to call one of area, aspectRatio, and
empty, it does not compile yielding a linker error:
error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: int __cdecl
cv::Size_::area(void)const " (?area@?$Size_@H@cv@@QEBAHXZ)
referenced in function _Dmain
Somehow linker cannot locate that symbol. Is this a name mangling issue?
In the same library I could successfully interface cv::Mat which is a
template-free definition. I suspect if D allows interfacing C++ class
templates since docs do not cover this, but only struct templates?
Re: Best way to learn 2d games with D?
On 3/15/20 4:12 PM, Jordan Wilson wrote: On Sunday, 15 March 2020 at 17:58:58 UTC, Steven Schveighoffer wrote: I want to try and learn how to write 2d games. I'd prefer to do it with D. I've found a ton of tutorials on learning 2d gaming with other languages. Is there a place to look that uses D for learning? Should I just start with another language and then migrate to D later? Anyone recommend any specific tutorial/book? I'm on a similar journey myself, I'll list my findings, maybe it could be useful for you. I decided on a game programming library. I mostly looked at SFML and Allegro, and found both to have good bindings available in D, and good documentation, and got minimal examples working with both. I went with SFML, simply because there was a book written specifically about writing a game in SFML. I didn't see any such books for Allegro (although there are plenty of tutorials/articles). I learnt about the "game loop". Bauss touched on it in his post, and I'm sure there are a lot of tutorials on it. I specifically learnt about it from the first few chapters of the SFML Game Development book. I learnt about game design. In doing so, I came across Entity-Component-System design pattern. I decided to use this pattern, for no other reason than to try something other than OOP. I found these links useful: https://medium.com/ingeniouslysimple/entities-components-and-systems-89c31464240d https://gameprogrammingpatterns.com/component.html https://www.richardlord.net/blog/ecs/what-is-an-entity-framework.html I started writing a game, using the derelict-sfml2 as my game library (again, I found the allegro library to be good too), and entitysysd to provide the ECS framework (there are a few ECS written in D available). Are they the best choices? Is SFML technically limited? Will I cope with ECS beyound the toy game example? No idea. But I'm having a lot of fun, which I think for a hobby project, is a fairly good measure of success ;-) OK, I will take a look there. I am running through some basic SDL game video tutorials right now. Thanks everyone for the pointers. -Steve
Get symbols (and/or UDAs) of subclass from superclass
I would like to programmatically retrieve members of a subclass to
create a self-documenting interface. I am afraid that my approach is not
possible due to need for compile time __traits / std.traits, and runtime
typeinfo. My proposed approach is as follows:
class Base
{
string whatever;
string toString()
{
// loop over __traits(allMembers, typeof(this)) or
getSymbolsByUDA, etc.
}
}
/// There may be a dozen Derived classes
class Derived1 : Base
{
@Config("a name", "a description")
float probability;
}
class Derived2 : Base
{
@Config("another", "more description")
int replicates;
}
...
Unfortunately, I am afraid this doesn't look possible because of the
need for compile-time UDAs and runtime TypeInfo. Is there a way to do
this without re-implementing toString in every single derived class? I
expect there to be many derived classes.
Other ideas welcomed, as I usually write C-style D and am only recently
taking a stab at OO Inheritance features.
Thanks in advance.
James
Re: Best way to learn 2d games with D?
On 3/15/20 3:03 PM, Ferhat Kurtulmuş wrote: On Sunday, 15 March 2020 at 19:02:11 UTC, Ferhat Kurtulmuş wrote: On Sunday, 15 March 2020 at 18:45:14 UTC, Steven Schveighoffer wrote: [...] I refer this ugly site a lot for basics of SDL. Since one could easily convert c code to d, transition is very fast. My favorite 2d game engine is cocos2dx but it has no support for d. I consider Godot-d offers a similar experience. However, it has almost zero documentation. https://lazyfoo.net/tutorials/SDL/index.php Thanks, looks useful. -Steve
Re: Best way to learn 2d games with D?
On Sunday, 15 March 2020 at 17:58:58 UTC, Steven Schveighoffer wrote: I want to try and learn how to write 2d games. I'd prefer to do it with D. I've found a ton of tutorials on learning 2d gaming with other languages. Is there a place to look that uses D for learning? Should I just start with another language and then migrate to D later? Anyone recommend any specific tutorial/book? -Steve I'm on a similar journey myself, I'll list my findings, maybe it could be useful for you. I decided on a game programming library. I mostly looked at SFML and Allegro, and found both to have good bindings available in D, and good documentation, and got minimal examples working with both. I went with SFML, simply because there was a book written specifically about writing a game in SFML. I didn't see any such books for Allegro (although there are plenty of tutorials/articles). I learnt about the "game loop". Bauss touched on it in his post, and I'm sure there are a lot of tutorials on it. I specifically learnt about it from the first few chapters of the SFML Game Development book. I learnt about game design. In doing so, I came across Entity-Component-System design pattern. I decided to use this pattern, for no other reason than to try something other than OOP. I found these links useful: https://medium.com/ingeniouslysimple/entities-components-and-systems-89c31464240d https://gameprogrammingpatterns.com/component.html https://www.richardlord.net/blog/ecs/what-is-an-entity-framework.html I started writing a game, using the derelict-sfml2 as my game library (again, I found the allegro library to be good too), and entitysysd to provide the ECS framework (there are a few ECS written in D available). Are they the best choices? Is SFML technically limited? Will I cope with ECS beyound the toy game example? No idea. But I'm having a lot of fun, which I think for a hobby project, is a fairly good measure of success ;-) Jordan
Re: Integer without restrictions
On Sunday, 15 March 2020 at 19:07:05 UTC, ... wrote: And if I need to create very large value, how to use GMP library (It isn't described in that post)? You can use C bindings [1], look up examples in C and do the same in D, or use a high-level wrapper [2]. [1] https://code.dlang.org/packages/libgmp [2] https://code.dlang.org/packages/gmp-d
What is the wrong with my C++ interfacing
The original C++ class
https://github.com/opencv/opencv/blob/master/modules/core/include/opencv2/core/types.hpp#L315:
template class Size_
{
public:
typedef _Tp value_type;
//! default constructor
Size_();
Size_(_Tp _width, _Tp _height);
Size_(const Size_& sz);
Size_(Size_&& sz) CV_NOEXCEPT;
Size_(const Point_<_Tp>& pt);
Size_& operator = (const Size_& sz);
Size_& operator = (Size_&& sz) CV_NOEXCEPT;
//! the area (width*height)
_Tp area() const;
//! aspect ratio (width/height)
double aspectRatio() const;
//! true if empty
bool empty() const;
//! conversion of another data type.
template operator Size_<_Tp2>() const;
_Tp width; //!< the width
_Tp height; //!< the height
};
// my auxiliary cpp code:
cv::Size_* createSizeIntWH(int _width, int _height){
return new cv::Size_(_width, _height);
}
void deleteSizeInt(cv::Size_ *&sz){
delete sz;
}
// d code:
extern(C++, cv){
class Size_(_Tp){
@disable this();
final _Tp area() const;
final double aspectRatio() const;
final bool empty() const;
_Tp width; //!< the width
_Tp height; //!< the height
}
}
// my test code that fails:
Size_!int sz = createSizeIntWH(200, 100);
writeln(sz.width);
One of the problems is that sz.width is not printed as 200, but a
random int.
Other problem is that if I try to call one of area, aspectRatio,
and empty, it does not compile yielding a linker error:
error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: int __cdecl
cv::Size_::area(void)const " (?area@?$Size_@H@cv@@QEBAHXZ)
referenced in function _Dmain
Somehow linker cannot locate that symbol. Is this a name mangling
issue?
In the same library I could successfully interface cv::Mat which
is a template-free definition. I suspect if D allows interfacing
C++ class templates since docs do not cover this, but only struct
templates?
Re: Integer without restrictions
On Sunday, 15 March 2020 at 19:03:54 UTC, Paul Backus wrote: On Sunday, 15 March 2020 at 19:02:00 UTC, ... wrote: How to create an integer without restrictions of size? Do I need to create a new class or there is a type of integer that doesn't have any restrictions in size? http://dpldocs.info/experimental-docs/std.bigint.html And if I need to create very large value, how to use GMP library (It isn't described in that post)?
Re: Best way to learn 2d games with D?
On Sunday, 15 March 2020 at 19:02:11 UTC, Ferhat Kurtulmuş wrote: On Sunday, 15 March 2020 at 18:45:14 UTC, Steven Schveighoffer wrote: [...] I refer this ugly site a lot for basics of SDL. Since one could easily convert c code to d, transition is very fast. My favorite 2d game engine is cocos2dx but it has no support for d. I consider Godot-d offers a similar experience. However, it has almost zero documentation. https://lazyfoo.net/tutorials/SDL/index.php
Re: Best way to learn 2d games with D?
On Sunday, 15 March 2020 at 18:45:14 UTC, Steven Schveighoffer wrote: On 3/15/20 2:14 PM, bauss wrote: [...] [snip] [...] Thanks, I'm pretty much starting from zero as I have very little experience in what is necessary to actually do the drawing parts, or how to store/manipulate sprites etc. I've got a lot of experience in GUI design, but getting the rendering to work, making sure it's fast enough, etc. seems like something I'd rather leave to someone else (i.e. library/framework/etc). I was looking at the lispysnake stuff, and realizing I have no idea what any of the blogs are talking about. The D gaming libraries seem to come from the perspective of "Oh, you know how to write games, here's how you do it in D". I kind of need a "here's how you write 2d games" which uses D as a way to show it. I think I'll probably just use a straight tutorial with another language and then move on to D. But thank you for the offer, I might take you up on it later. -Steve I refer this ugly site a lot for basics of SDL. Since one could easily convert c code to d, transition is very fast. My favorite 2d game engine is cocos2dx but it has no support for d. I consider Godot-d offers a similar experience. However, it has almost zero documentation.
Integer without restrictions
How to create an integer without restrictions of size? Do I need to create a new class or there is a type of integer that doesn't have any restrictions in size?
Re: Integer without restrictions
On Sunday, 15 March 2020 at 19:02:00 UTC, ... wrote: How to create an integer without restrictions of size? Do I need to create a new class or there is a type of integer that doesn't have any restrictions in size? http://dpldocs.info/experimental-docs/std.bigint.html
Re: Pattern matching via switch?
On 3/15/20 2:22 PM, 12345swordy wrote: On Sunday, 15 March 2020 at 17:55:59 UTC, Steven Schveighoffer wrote: On 3/14/20 3:04 PM, 12345swordy wrote: I.E. switch (object) case Type1 t1: case Type2 t2: case Type3 t3: Is this a class object and you are trying to determine at runtime which derived type it is and perform an action based on that? Or are you trying to switch on the type of a concrete item? It should technically be possible to use the fully qualified name to switch on, but I don't think typeid(Type1).name is usable as a switch label. https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/pattern-matching It is an example from c#. object is the top type in that language. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Top_type D doesn't support this natively. The closest you can get is something akin to what aliak wrote (you would need to write something, not sure if Phobos or some package has implemented the feature), or use cascaded if statements: if(auto t1 = cast(Type1)object) // use t1 as Type1 else if(auto t2 = cast(Type2)object) // use t2 as Type2 ... Taking care of course to look for most derived types first. a switch based on static or runtime type would be really cool for D to support. -Steve
Re: Best way to learn 2d games with D?
On 3/15/20 2:14 PM, bauss wrote: On Sunday, 15 March 2020 at 17:58:58 UTC, Steven Schveighoffer wrote: I want to try and learn how to write 2d games. I'd prefer to do it with D. I've found a ton of tutorials on learning 2d gaming with other languages. Is there a place to look that uses D for learning? Should I just start with another language and then migrate to D later? Anyone recommend any specific tutorial/book? The theory is the same in any language ex. if you can write a 2d game in C++ chances are you can do it in D as well but you could probably apply the same theory to C, Java, Python etc. So for D what you really need to be familiar with, is just the library you're using. The theory for a 2d game is rather simple though. You have a loop on the main thread (or ui thread) and within that you handle events, clear the screen, draw the graphics and repeat pretty much. [snip] I would recommend using Derelict and SDL with D since it's the most mature. If you can get a SDL application running and at the very least showing a window then I won't mind helping you in the right direction. It should be trivial using the guides available at the derelict docs. Thanks, I'm pretty much starting from zero as I have very little experience in what is necessary to actually do the drawing parts, or how to store/manipulate sprites etc. I've got a lot of experience in GUI design, but getting the rendering to work, making sure it's fast enough, etc. seems like something I'd rather leave to someone else (i.e. library/framework/etc). I was looking at the lispysnake stuff, and realizing I have no idea what any of the blogs are talking about. The D gaming libraries seem to come from the perspective of "Oh, you know how to write games, here's how you do it in D". I kind of need a "here's how you write 2d games" which uses D as a way to show it. I think I'll probably just use a straight tutorial with another language and then move on to D. But thank you for the offer, I might take you up on it later. -Steve
Re: Pattern matching via switch?
On Sunday, 15 March 2020 at 17:55:59 UTC, Steven Schveighoffer wrote: On 3/14/20 3:04 PM, 12345swordy wrote: I.E. switch (object) case Type1 t1: case Type2 t2: case Type3 t3: Is this a class object and you are trying to determine at runtime which derived type it is and perform an action based on that? Or are you trying to switch on the type of a concrete item? It should technically be possible to use the fully qualified name to switch on, but I don't think typeid(Type1).name is usable as a switch label. -Steve https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/pattern-matching It is an example from c#. object is the top type in that language. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Top_type
Re: Best way to learn 2d games with D?
On Sunday, 15 March 2020 at 17:58:58 UTC, Steven Schveighoffer wrote: I want to try and learn how to write 2d games. I'd prefer to do it with D. I've found a ton of tutorials on learning 2d gaming with other languages. Is there a place to look that uses D for learning? Should I just start with another language and then migrate to D later? Anyone recommend any specific tutorial/book? -Steve The theory is the same in any language ex. if you can write a 2d game in C++ chances are you can do it in D as well but you could probably apply the same theory to C, Java, Python etc. So for D what you really need to be familiar with, is just the library you're using. The theory for a 2d game is rather simple though. You have a loop on the main thread (or ui thread) and within that you handle events, clear the screen, draw the graphics and repeat pretty much. I would recommend using Derelict and SDL with D since it's the most mature. There's DSFML but it's dead and doesn't support the latest version of SFML. You could also try SFML through Derelict but SDL just seems more stable tbh. TBH. if you have any experience with GUI engines then applying that to writing a game is pretty much the same. A player, monster, NPC etc. is just a sprite (which is pretty much just an image.) it has a size, position etc. and you just manipulate that based on the events you receive in your main loop etc. I don't think there's currently any good or complete tutorials on game development in D, much less 2d game development. There's a lot of "dead" libraries etc. If you can get a SDL application running and at the very least showing a window then I won't mind helping you in the right direction. It should be trivial using the guides available at the derelict docs.
Re: Pattern matching via switch?
On 3/14/20 3:04 PM, 12345swordy wrote: I.E. switch (object) case Type1 t1: case Type2 t2: case Type3 t3: Is this a class object and you are trying to determine at runtime which derived type it is and perform an action based on that? Or are you trying to switch on the type of a concrete item? It should technically be possible to use the fully qualified name to switch on, but I don't think typeid(Type1).name is usable as a switch label. -Steve
Best way to learn 2d games with D?
I want to try and learn how to write 2d games. I'd prefer to do it with D. I've found a ton of tutorials on learning 2d gaming with other languages. Is there a place to look that uses D for learning? Should I just start with another language and then migrate to D later? Anyone recommend any specific tutorial/book? -Steve
Re: exporting function from betterc to windows dll
On Saturday, 14 March 2020 at 20:53:45 UTC, Abby wrote: I would like to export some functions from my bettec dll for dotnet core application in windows. You can check my library documentation to understand how to do some fancy interop between C# and D: https://github.com/ahmetsait/IDL/wiki Should probably write a detailed blog post about that some time :/
Re: Does anyone have gdb pretty printers for buildin types like associative arrays?
On Sunday, 15 March 2020 at 16:42:52 UTC, Panke wrote: Should this just work and by box is not correctly configured or do I need some pretty printers? If so, has someone already made them? Take a look at: https://forum.dlang.org/post/ztyhmmxalpiysgjkv...@forum.dlang.org
Re: Is it possible to dynamically load a @safe function from a shared library ?
On 3/13/20 5:06 PM, H. S. Teoh wrote:
On Fri, Mar 13, 2020 at 04:31:16PM -0400, Steven Schveighoffer via
Digitalmars-d-learn wrote:
[...]
I would expect that something could be written to turn a signature
string into a mangling and also provide the correct type upon return.
Something like:
auto f = getFunction!(@safe void function(int))("package.module.symbol");
and have it properly mangle the expected function name and pull it
from the dynamic library.
[...]
This would still have to be @trusted, of course, since there's no
telling what's actually inside the object file.
Of course it has to be trusted. The underlying function uses void *.
But not because you can't trust the mangling.
But this sort of facility totally should be in Phobos, or at least in
some dub package somewhere. It will make working with dynamically
loaded libraries in D so much more convenient.
I'm not really motivated to make such a package, as I don't do any
software with runtime loading of libraries. But I bet it would be either
accepted into Phobos and/or wouldn't be that hard to add for a library.
-Steve
Re: Is it possible to dynamically load a @safe function from a shared library ?
On 3/14/20 6:06 AM, wjoe wrote:
On Friday, 13 March 2020 at 20:31:16 UTC, Steven Schveighoffer wrote:
On 3/13/20 4:22 PM, wjoe wrote:
I would expect that something could be written to turn a signature
string into a mangling and also provide the correct type upon return.
Something like:
auto f = getFunction!(@safe void function(int))("package.module.symbol");
and have it properly mangle the expected function name and pull it
from the dynamic library.
Thanks for your reply.
core.demangle: mangle; comes to mind. And in fact, because the exports
weren't extern(C), that's how I imported the symbols; prior to reading
H. S. Teoh's reply. That's when I realized that I've got a problem.
Even though I know that the function being exported are all compiled
@safe, that doesn't mean I can count on the fact.
Since a plugin is a separate file it can be swapped out with a version
that exports all the same (forged) symbols names but with a @system
implementation.
Forging these symbol names is as easy as something like mangle!(int
function(int))("a.b")); (=_D1a1bPFiZi) and copy/pasting that into
pragma(mangle, "_D1a1bPFiZi") and voila, the loader can nothing but
trust that this is true.
Forging is maybe too hard a word but my vocabulary lacks a better one.
My original point is that forging is possible without using a dynamic
library. Anyone who has pragma(mangle)'d the symbol can "forge" anything
they want, it's not that hard.
Even without using pragma(mangle, it's possible):
mod1.d:
__gshared someGlobal;
extern(C) void realImpl() // no mangling
{
someGlobal = 5; // yay side effects!
*(cast(ubyte*)0xdeadbeef) = 5; // yay no safety!
throw new Exception("yay, I can throw!");
}
mod2.d:
extern(C) void realImpl() @safe pure nothrow;
void foo() @safe pure nothrow // mangled properly
{
realImpl();
}
So why worry about the dynamic library case? I would say if you obey the
mangling rules, the compiler should trust the mangling.
-Steve
Does anyone have gdb pretty printers for buildin types like associative arrays?
At least on my installation they are printed as just a pointer. Should this just work and by box is not correctly configured or do I need some pretty printers? If so, has someone already made them?
