voltage on Neutral line

1999-06-28 Thread mvaldman

Hello everyone,

What voltages can I expect on the Neutral (referenced to ground) line in 
various countries 
and connection systems? Is there a limit on how high the voltage may be, both 
in normal and 
fault conditions?

thanks in advance,
Moshe

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RE: FCC part 15 text (part 18 too?)

1999-04-12 Thread mvaldman
Is the same labeling applicabler to part 18 ?

thanks in advance
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UL 1581

1999-03-22 Thread mvaldman
Hello everyone,

Can someone enlighten me about this standard? Is it related to cables - 
flammability? How is 
it related to other standards?

thanks,
Moshe

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High voltage fuse and holder

1999-03-08 Thread mvaldman
Hello everyone,

I need fuses and fuse holders for 10kV line. Can someone tell me who is making 
these (or what 
are other altenatives to current limiting on high voltage lines)?

thanks in advance,
moshe

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LED safety

1999-03-08 Thread mvaldman
Hello everyone,

Can someone enlighten me on the status of safety of using LED's as indicators. 
Are they still 
to be suspected as radiation sources (60825) and what should I do in the design 
(?) to prove 
them safe?

thanks in advance,
Moshe

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RE: FCC exemptions

1999-01-13 Thread mvaldman
Thanks Lyle and everyone,

The answer seems to be not in part 18 but in the detail of the OET document.

It seems the intention was to exempt maintenance, research, evaluation, 
simulation, and other 
analytical or scientific applications. Whatever that might mean. In some cases 
the same device 
(e.g. a scanner) could be for testing something or producing something.

It is still something which may be open to argument, and since FCC is a federal 
regulation, the 
argument could start when the device is introduced into the US (customs?)

Did anyone experience such an argument versus FCC?

thanks again,
Moshe

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FCC exemptions

1999-01-12 Thread mvaldman
Hello everyone,

47CFR part 15 (15.103 item C) states that A digital device used exclusively as 
industrial, 
commercial, or medical equipment is exempt from the specific technical 
standards.

1. Can someone give a rational explanation to this exemption?

2. I have an industrial product which automatically inspects PCB panels for 
defects. Is this 
product exempt from class A limitations?
In what way is such a product different in emissions from a non-test product 
such as a 
scanner.

3. If I take advantage of this exemption, where can I expect trouble (if any)?

thanks in advance,
Moshe

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Mains/emergency labels

1998-12-17 Thread mvaldman
Hello everone,

I have a question related to products under the machinery directive:

We have a mains switch and an emergency switch on a machine. The testing agency 
insists these 
should be marked in words near the switches. (Of course that would be a 
different marking in 
every geopgraphical location depending on the local language)

This requirement is obviously a problem, and we are not sure it is well 
founded. We would much 
rather settle for an icon type of marking or no marking (i.e. the emergency 
switch is 
obviously a red mushroom type)

Please comment on this from your knowledge and experience

thanks and happy holidays

Moshe

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Suppressor - ungrounded (more clarification)

1998-11-10 Thread mvaldman
Hello again,

In a telecommunication device I need to connect a transient suppressor from the 
phone line 
to the metal chassis, which is not safety grounded. (I believe this is defined 
a class II 
device).

In response to where will the transient go?: the assumption is the chassis 
has 
enough capacitance to ground (and possibly some conductance which cannot be 
relied upon for 
safety purposes), so that the transient suppressor is effective.

A solution of connecting two suppressors in series to bridge the reinforces 
insulation was 
suggested. (i.e. a single failure shall not cause a hazard). I would rather 
have one 
suppressor connected in series with a Y capacitor.

Any ideas?

thanks in advance,
moshe

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-End of Original Message-


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RE: Suppressor - ungrounded (clarification)

1998-11-09 Thread mvaldman
In response to where will the transient go?, ofcourse the assumption is the 
chassis has 
enough capacitance to ground (and possibly some conductance which cannot be 
relied upon for 
safety purposes), so that the transient suppressor is effective.
At least that's how I understand it.
Moshe

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Suppressor - ungrounded

1998-11-09 Thread mvaldman
Hello everyone,

In a telecommunication device I need to connect a transient suppressor from the 
phone line 
to the metal chassis, which is not safety grounded. (I believe this is defined 
a class II 
device).
Are there any special considerations / limitations in this condition?

thanks in advance,
moshe

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machinery directive related questions

1998-11-02 Thread mvaldman
Hello Everyone,

here are 2 questions:

1. Is Risk/hazard Analysis required as part of formal documentation (TCF?). 
Which standard 
defines the format of the analysis?

2. The machine complies with ESD (up to 8KV) immunity, but still I have safety 
related 
incidents at customer sites, which are obviously related to ESD (they are 
simulated at 
10KV). What are my options? Should I do nothing? Should I fix the design (up to 
?KV)? Should 
I just document the issue, require antistatic carpets/humidifiers etc from the 
user?

Thanks in advance
Moshe

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EMC requirements for cellular site equipment

1998-10-18 Thread mvaldman
Hello Everyone,

I'm looking for the list of standards relevent for EMC of a piece of equipment 
residing in a 
cellular phone site. It is not connected to phone lines, just to inside the 
room monitoring 
(e.g. battery voltage, temperature etc). It is powered from battery power.
What would be EMC requirements in the US and in Europe? I would assume FCC 
class B(?), 
GR1089, EMC directive, ETS 300 (?)

thanks in advance,
Moshe

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GR1089

1998-09-27 Thread mvaldman
Hello everyone,

Where can I get the text (or a summary) of the GR1089? Is it available on the 
Web? I would 
think the customer (bell?) would have an interest to post it on the web for 
every potential 
supplier(?)

thanks in advance
Moshe

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cellular phone supply system

1998-09-24 Thread mvaldman
Hello everyone,

I'm trying to find out which regulations are applicable to a system which is 
located in 
cellular phone antenna sites. The system is used for charging the batteries 
(48V, several 
hundred amps), and monitoring generally the status in the site (e.g. 
temperature, battery 
status).
The system is to be marketed in Europe and the US.
It is not directly connected to any phone lines.
I'm sure that in this area there are also requirements by specific customers. 
What I'm 
looking for are the general CE and US safety and EMC (and possibly other) 
requirements.

thanks in advance for your response
Moshe Valdman

PS Is this environment considered CO? Do NEBS requirements (and which ones) 
apply?

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Y capacitors on 60VDC supply

1998-08-12 Thread mvaldman
Hello everyone,

I need to put capacitors to gnd on the 60VDC nominal (could go up to 74V) 
supply inputs of a 
box located inside a CO.
I assume, since the 60V is to be isolated from the low voltage and ground, and 
since it is a 
mains input, I need Y capacitors.

My questions:
1. Does these need to be Y1,Y2..or Y4 caps? (i.e. do I need reinforced 
insulation?)
2. The caps are needed for suppressing 1000V 1 microusec rise time pulses. On 
the other hand, 
their data sheet claims just 200V per microsec. Are they worth using?

regards,
Moshe

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IEC1010 / UL3101 - components

1998-05-31 Thread mvaldman
Hello Everyone,

Thanks for your replies on the IEC1010 thread. I have some more questions:

1. What would be required (by UL and CSA)  from components (capacitors, 
resistors) 
bridging BASIC INSULATION? Should they be high integrity even though if they 
fail 
(single fault) there's still grounding of accessible parts to protect the 
operator.

2. Which components would typically have to be high integrity and how can 
they be proven 
such (e.g. conform to some UL standard, pass a test?)

3. What are the differences between UL3101 and UL3111?

thanks


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FW: Fwd[2]:UPS specs

1998-03-24 Thread mvaldman

Sorry if you get this message twice. I did not receive it back from the
list-server, so I guess it just didn't come through.

--

Hello everyone,

I am using an APC SmartUPS 1400RM (its a 1400VA 950W 110V/220V unit which has
either 4 or 6 outlets on the back) for a medical device and I'm trying
unsuccessfully to get some technical answers from them:

1. Is there any limitation in drawing current from one of the several outlets at
the back of the unit?(i.e. can I draw all the power from just one of the 6/4
outlets?)
2. Is the UPS tested for the power harmonics / power factor correction
EN61000-3-4 ? (I guess this relates to the 220V model - I'm using both the 110V
and 220V models) It's probably an issue only while loading the batteries.
3. If the batteries are empty and I'm operating the UPS with my normal load, how
much current would battery loading add to the mains current?

thanks in advance for any input,

Moshe Valdman



-End of Original Message-


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modeling RFI sources randomness

1997-09-12 Thread mvaldman
Hello everyone,

As we know, while measuring RFI generated from a product at a specific 
frequency, we get 
randomly changing amplitude (and I guess phase is also changing with time). 
This is why 
peak, average and quai-peak are different.

On the other hand, the sources of interference (e.g. conductors running clock 
signals) 
are fixed and one would expect them to radiate a fixed signal.

What is the explanation for this effect? (I.e. is there a model describing what 
influences the radiation generated?) Was there academic work in this area?

thanks

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Consultant code of conduct

1997-07-20 Thread mvaldman
Hello all,

Many of us are full (or part time) consultants. Maybe you have come across a 
document 
which could be called 10 commandments of a consultant or Consultant ethics 
etc.
Do you think there should be such a guide, and if so, do you think you could 
contribute 
to its contents?
(I'm obviously interested in such a guide for the EMC, safety, quality, 
reliability 
areas)

thanks in advance for any input
moshe valdman
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reduction of leakage current

1997-07-15 Thread mvaldman
Hello all,

Assuming the power supplies and line filter I'm using cannot be changed, and I 
have to 
reduce the input leakage current to ground, what are my options? (if any)

thanks in advance
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RE: Interlock - PCB Spacings -- OPINION PLEASE

1997-06-23 Thread mvaldman
Yisrael,

1. I guess the main issue here is reliability: i.e. can it be proven that a 
certain 
spacing or PCB construction can lead to a reliability high enough for an 
interlock? Is 
this correct? If so, maybe someone can supply numbers to expected reliability 
of PC 
traces. I would suspect the chance for an OPEN (e.g. because of SMT component 
soldering 
problem + thermal cycling) is even higher than a short through the solder mask.

2. A suggestion: if the interlock action is based on a requirement that every 
several 
miliseconds a pulse is supplied through the interlock circuit (like some 
watchdog timers 
work), could this lead to a design which is insensitive to shorting or opening 
the 
interlock lines?

Good luck and have fun

moshe

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RE: max. case temp. and burn injury risk

1997-06-20 Thread mvaldman
Arlen,

the major standards (IEC 950, IEC 1010) contain max temp requirement for 
operator 
accessible parts. The temp depends on the part material:  a heat conductive 
part (e.g. 
metal) would be required to be at a lower temperature than a plastic part.

If you have the specific details I'll get you the exact temp.

good luck
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FW: 950 amendment 4

1997-06-19 Thread mvaldman
Sorry if I'm repeating myself, I think this didn't get through the previous 
time.

Hello again,

as we know, IEC950 amendment 4 is out for some time. Can someone please send a 
note of 
the changes (DELTA) it contains relative to the previous version?

thanks
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FW: RFI receiver

1997-06-19 Thread mvaldman
It seems this didn't go through the first time (sorry if you already got it)

Hello everyone,

I've been offered a used ICOM IC - R1 receiver. I want to use it for 
preliminary 
radiated evaluation. (Just to know if I have emissions in certain frequencies)
Does anyone have experience with it?
Can this receiver do the job?
How much should it cost?

thanks
-
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950 amendment 4

1997-06-17 Thread mvaldman
Hello again,

as we know, IEC950 amendment 4 is out for some time. Can someone please send a 
note of 
the changes (DELTA) it contains relative to the previous version?

thanks
-
Name: moshe valdman
E-mail: mvald...@netvision.net.il
Phone: 052-941200, 03-5496369
List-Post: emc-pstc@listserv.ieee.org
Date: 16/06/97
Time: 21:47:37
You are most welcome to visit my homepage at:

http://www.geocities.com/CapeCanaveral/5233/
-


RFI receiver

1997-06-15 Thread mvaldman
Hello everyone,

I've been offered a used ICOM IC - R1 receiver. I want to use it for 
preliminary 
radiated evaluation. (Just to know if I have emissions in certain frequencies)
Does anyone have experience with it?
Can this receiver do the job?
How much should it cost?

thanks
-
Name: moshe valdman
E-mail: mvald...@netvision.net.il
Phone: 052-941200, 03-5496369
List-Post: emc-pstc@listserv.ieee.org
Date: 14/06/97
Time: 23:53:56
You are most welcome to visit my homepage at:

http://www.geocities.com/CapeCanaveral/5233/
-


frequency scanner for EMC

1997-05-16 Thread mvaldman

Hello everyone,
(sorry if the message is repeated unnecessarily)

I'm interested in using a frequency scanner as a low cost EMI sniffer.
Where can I buy one? (I would probably have to do this through mail order/web 
order)
Can someone recommend a source?

thanks in advance
-
Name: moshe valdman
E-mail: mvald...@netvision.net.il
Phone: 052-941200, 03-5496369
List-Post: emc-pstc@listserv.ieee.org
Date: 15/05/97
Time: 23:40:45
You are most welcome to visit my homepage at:

http://www.geocities.com/CapeCanaveral/5233/
-




machinery directive forum / list server

1997-05-13 Thread mvaldman
Hello everyone,

does anyone know about a an information source/list server specialising in the 
machinery 
directive?

Do not be offended, but I did receive a considerable amount of information re 
ergonomics 
from a (non emc-pstc) guy who works with the machinery directive. No one 
referred to this 
info on the emc-pstc.

I will prepare a summary ASAP of course.

thanks
-
Name: moshe valdman
E-mail: mvald...@netvision.net.il
Phone: 052-941200, 03-5496369
List-Post: emc-pstc@listserv.ieee.org
Date: 13/05/97
Time: 0:00:51
You are most welcome to visit my homepage at:

http://www.geocities.com/CapeCanaveral/5233/
-


FW: RE: Ergonomic requirements

1997-04-04 Thread mvaldman
What is the significance of legal requirement in Germany at a time that all 
EC 
countries are required to accept CE marked products?
Are there many manufacturers who still apply TUV or VDE marks?(for products 
which only 
require self declaration). What would be the motivation to do this?

thanks in advance for your comments
-
Name: moshe valdman
E-mail: mvald...@netvision.net.il
Phone: 052-941200, 03-5496369
List-Post: emc-pstc@listserv.ieee.org
Date: 03/04/97
Time: 23:03:40
-
***
--- On Tue, 1 Apr 1997 09:07:00 -0500  WOODS, RICHARD wo...@sensormatic.com 
wrote:
Compliance of workstations with ZH-1 is still a legal requirement in
Germany. TUV and VDE still require testing to the standard to obtain
their approval mark.
 --
From: mvald...@netvision.net.il
To: emc-p...@ieee.org
Subject: Ergonomic requirements
List-Post: emc-pstc@listserv.ieee.org
Date: Tuesday, April 01, 1997 1:36AM


Hello everyone,

does anyone happen to know where I can find information on ergonomics
standards?
(e.g. EN 614 ?)
Which directives/standards require ergonomic issues?
(I recall TUV used to require some color of product and size of
letters
but these are
probably no longer relevant in the times of self declaration)

thanks
and a happy april 1st
 -
Name: moshe valdman
E-mail: mvald...@netvision.net.il
Phone: 052-941200, 03-5496369
List-Post: emc-pstc@listserv.ieee.org
Date: 31/03/97
Time: 22:36:42
 -



-End of Original Message-

-
Name: moshe valdman
E-mail: mvald...@netvision.net.il
Phone: 052-941200, 03-5496369
List-Post: emc-pstc@listserv.ieee.org
Date: 03/04/97
Time: 22:58:47
-


Ergonomic requirements

1997-04-01 Thread mvaldman
Hello everyone,

does anyone happen to know where I can find information on ergonomics standards?
(e.g. EN 614 ?)
Which directives/standards require ergonomic issues?
(I recall TUV used to require some color of product and size of letters but 
these are 
probably no longer relevant in the times of self declaration)

thanks
and a happy april 1st
-
Name: moshe valdman
E-mail: mvald...@netvision.net.il
Phone: 052-941200, 03-5496369
List-Post: emc-pstc@listserv.ieee.org
Date: 31/03/97
Time: 22:36:42
-


Acoustic noise requirements

1997-03-31 Thread mvaldman
Hello again,

I happened to find acoustic noise limits in the IEC 1010-1 (lab equipment 
safety). Do you 
know of other standards \ directives with acoustic limits?
Are there standard ways of measurement? (sound power, sound pressure, 
spectrum..)

thanks
-
Name: moshe valdman
E-mail: mvald...@netvision.net.il
Phone: 052-941200, 03-5496369
List-Post: emc-pstc@listserv.ieee.org
Date: 31/03/97
Time: 22:42:57
-


FW: RE: Taiwan EMC update

1997-01-23 Thread mvaldman
Sorry,
I'm resending this. It seems it didn't go through.

---Original Message---
Hello everyone,

the info about Taiwan is very interesting. Can you please also specify re the 
levels (i.e. do they require class A or class B for ITE)?

thanks
-
Name: moshe valdman
E-mail: mvald...@mail.netvision.net.il
List-Post: emc-pstc@listserv.ieee.org
Date: 01/18/97
Time: 18:40:55

This message was sent by Chameleon 
-




--End of Original Message--



RE: IEC1000-3-2 (SMPS)

1997-01-10 Thread mvaldman
Hello Fred,

it would help to get some more details: like what power are these power 
supplies using. If it's low enough maybe they are exempt.

Also, what type of waveshape do you have? Can you avoid the class D?

Several months ago there was some discussion here on ways to cheat on the 
harmonics requiremnts. Maybe you can get the conference history at RCIC (the 
web site).

good luck 
-
Name: moshe valdman
E-mail: mvald...@mail.netvision.net.il
List-Post: emc-pstc@listserv.ieee.org
Date: 01/10/97
Time: 17:34:28

This message was sent by Chameleon 
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