Re: [Emc-users] Anilam linear encoder output voltage <1v... any ideas?

[Chris Morley]

> Subject: Re: [Emc-users] Anilam linear encoder output voltage <1v... any  
> ideas?
> 
> Pat Lyons wrote:
> > Hey folks,
> >
> > just inquiring about the output of my anilam linear encoder being less than
> > one volt in amplitude...  a full 5v is applied, but the pulses coming out
> > only hit like 0.3vI pulled apart the connector to find some oil in
> > between the pins but wiped it out and still have the same problem.
> >

Can you post pic of the encoder somewhere?

Chris M
  
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Re: [Emc-users] Anilam linear encoder output voltage <1v... any ideas?

[Jon Elson]

Pat Lyons wrote:
> Hey folks,
>
> just inquiring about the output of my anilam linear encoder being less than
> one volt in amplitude...  a full 5v is applied, but the pulses coming out
> only hit like 0.3vI pulled apart the connector to find some oil in
> between the pins but wiped it out and still have the same problem.
>
> I'd like to ask, when/if encoders begin to die or deteriorate, do they
> behave like this
Is this encoder connected to the equipment it normally feeds, or are you 
checking
it with just a power supply and scope?  If the latter, you may need to 
apply a pull-up
resistor to +5 V on the signal lines.  Or, this may be a current output 
encoder, possibly
just a bare photodiode.  Or, it may be a scale designed for 12 V power.

If it is a bare photodiode, and the rising edge has a fairly sharp 
transition, then it
has an internal pullup, but needs a comparator to detect the 1/0 difference.
This is not too uncommon in the older scales.

On the other hand, 0.3 V could be the photovoltaic output of a bare 
photodiode.
If you put a 10 K resistor from +5 to the output, does the signal 
amplitude improve
markedly?

Do you still have whatever this encoder was connected to?  If so, you 
can look at that and
see what the encoder signals were connected to.

Jon

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Re: [Emc-users] How Exactly does a Mister Work

[Dave]

I've spent quite a few days in a Chrysler transmission plant servicing 
CNC machines and as I recall every machine I worked on used regular 
flood coolant,  although some of them may have had high pressure systems 
- still flood coolant.   Some of the machines were cutting steel, but 
many where cutting the transmission case and case components which are 
primarily aluminum.

Dave

Gene Heskett wrote:
> On Saturday 21 November 2009, Jeshua Lacock wrote:
>   
>> On Nov 21, 2009, at 9:55 AM, Gene Heskett wrote:
>> 
 My first attempt was in olivine sand, and I had about 1/2 inch layer
 of black quartz fused around the casting!
 
>>> I'll bet that was NOT fun to remove without damaging the casting too
>>> much. :(
>>>   
>> Lets just say I wrote that one off as an experiment.
>>
>> ;)
>>
>> 
> :P
>
>   
>>> In graphite I'd think the cooling would be pretty slow, but the
>>> finish should
>>> show the machining marks in the graphite I'd think.  With thought &
>>> carefull
>>> design, that mold should be re-usable several times too.
>>>   
>> You got it!
>>
>> One of the main reasons I have been building a CNC machine is for
>> making patterns and molds...
>> 
>
> Which generally, means a larger machine, but it can work in easier to cut 
> materials too.  I wish I had the time and space to build a gantry with a 2x4 
> foot vacuum bed & at least a foot of z, two A's and whatever the ability to 
> swing it in both directions, the Z axis motions would be called.  I hate 
> hogging out the thumb holes in a gun stock by hand.  First time, its fun. 
> 2nd, a chore, 3rd and beyond tend to qualify for the PIMA description. ;)
>
> I'm contemplating a 4th pass since the 3rd one turned out to have been tried 
> on an explosive piece of fawncy Maple.  It was cooked, but it was far from 
> dry & took several ounces of superglue to keep in in one piece, and has now 
> had another decade for the other half of that plank to stabilize.  The gun 
> its holding, a TC Black Diamond 50 cal, has decided to shoot very well since 
> I pitched the 209 primer carrying breech plug and put a #11 nipple in it.  
> The 209's fire come hell or even high water, but are way too brutal and lift 
> the rammed bullet clear of the packed powder before the powder can get a 
> decent explosion going, and that lack of a solidly rammed load can make a 
> decent gun shoot a shotgun pattern at shotgun ranges.  With the #11 musket 
> cap, its doing 2" to 3" groups at 50 yards, not great but will put venison in 
> the freezer, and 3 feet smaller then the same load being lit by a 209 primer.
>
> I made a #11 carrying breech plug for my other coal burner, a TC Omega 50 cal 
> with the factory thumb hole stock, but the firing pin is so well centered it 
> goes right down the middle of the nipple, putting a very nice dent in the 
> cap, but with nothing under the middle of the cap for an anvil, it doesn't 
> fire.  I hit the first one about 6 times without cracking it off.  Gave up.  
> With the 209's lighting it, it is not reliably on the paper at 50 yards.  I 
> hear they are making a puny powered 209 these days, but none of them seem to 
> have filtered down to the gittin places of unwashed shooters of charcoal 
> burners yet.
>  
> Centerfire season opens here on Monday if you can't tell.  I think I have a 
> place to sit & let the dust settle on my eyeballs, till something wanders by. 
>  
> If I can keep my diabetic feet warm that is. :(
>
> Humm, not much left on topic in this here thread. ;)
>
>   
>> Best,
>>
>> Jeshua Lacock
>> Founder/Programmer
>> 3DTOPO Incorporated
>> 
>> Phone: 208.462.4171
>>
>> 
>
>   


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Re: [Emc-users] Compact Flash card for Hard Drive

[Dave]

I have some Windows based systems running off CF cards.  I found that 
some low dollar IDE to CF adapters simply would not work to boot windows 
reliably.  I ended up buying some more expensive Addonics SATA to CF 
adapters and that solved the boot issues that I ran into.I used 
Transcend 133X CF cards and the systems I did have been running for 
about  1 1/2 years now - with zero failures.   I used part of the 
Windows XP embedded OS software so I could turn off the random disk 
writes entirely.  Some CF cards simply cannot boot an OS. 

Dave  

Jon Elson wrote:
> David Winter wrote:
>   
>> Dear All,
>>Anyone used a CF card as a hard drive? 
>> 
> They are kind of slow.  Not too bad to read, but still can be a couple
> megabytes a second, depending a lot on the adaptor.  But, the write speed
> can be REALLY slow, vastly slower than a normal hard drive.
>
> I think you can now get IDE to CF card adaptors, so any old BIOS can
> handle it.
>   
>>   I thought I read 
>> here that someone has done it
>> but I searched the wiki and didn't find anything.   I have a card and 
>> adapter which I have partitioned
>> with fdisk and formatted using   format c: /s   (  DOS  )   but my PC 
>> won't boot from it.
>> 
> This is a USB CF card adaptor?  Many older BIOSs will not boot from USB.
>
> Jon
>
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>   


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Re: [Emc-users] Compact Flash card for Hard Drive

[RogerN]

I'm not sure if this is relevant with Linux, but we have some Siemens 
MicroBox PLC's at work, they run Windows XP embedded IIRC.  They have a 
compact flash drive and they have to protect the CF because Windows will try 
to read/write constantly as virtual memory and wear the CF cards out 
shortly.  Then we have the problem that if we reboot, cycle power, or lose 
power, the settings are lost and we have to re-enter settings that have 
changed since last save with the write filter off.

Anyway, if Linux uses a drive as virtual memory, I would think it would have 
the potential to wear out a CF card fairly quickly, though their may already 
be work arounds for it.

RogerN



- Original Message - 
From: "David Winter" 
To: 
Sent: Saturday, November 21, 2009 9:34 AM
Subject: [Emc-users] Compact Flash card for Hard Drive


> Dear All,
>   Anyone used a CF card as a hard drive?   I thought I read
> here that someone has done it
> but I searched the wiki and didn't find anything.   I have a card and
> adapter which I have partitioned
> with fdisk and formatted using   format c: /s   (  DOS  )   but my PC
> won't boot from it.   All help and
> advice gratefully received.  BTW,I have  no idea how to set my BIOS
> for this card, which is a
> 8 GB  Kingston  133x  card.I don't know if it needs  CHS,, LBA,
> Large  ,   what sort of UDMA
> access, etc.
>
>Thanks
> in advance,
>
>David
> Winter.
> P.S.  Thanks to everyone who contribute to EMC2, only wish I was smart
> enough to contribute :-(
>
>
>
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Re: [Emc-users] How Exactly does a Mister Work

[Gene Heskett]

On Saturday 21 November 2009, Jeshua Lacock wrote:
>On Nov 21, 2009, at 9:55 AM, Gene Heskett wrote:
>>> My first attempt was in olivine sand, and I had about 1/2 inch layer
>>> of black quartz fused around the casting!
>>
>> I'll bet that was NOT fun to remove without damaging the casting too
>> much. :(
>
>Lets just say I wrote that one off as an experiment.
>
>;)
>
:P

>> In graphite I'd think the cooling would be pretty slow, but the
>> finish should
>> show the machining marks in the graphite I'd think.  With thought &
>> carefull
>> design, that mold should be re-usable several times too.
>
>You got it!
>
>One of the main reasons I have been building a CNC machine is for
>making patterns and molds...

Which generally, means a larger machine, but it can work in easier to cut 
materials too.  I wish I had the time and space to build a gantry with a 2x4 
foot vacuum bed & at least a foot of z, two A's and whatever the ability to 
swing it in both directions, the Z axis motions would be called.  I hate 
hogging out the thumb holes in a gun stock by hand.  First time, its fun. 
2nd, a chore, 3rd and beyond tend to qualify for the PIMA description. ;)

I'm contemplating a 4th pass since the 3rd one turned out to have been tried 
on an explosive piece of fawncy Maple.  It was cooked, but it was far from 
dry & took several ounces of superglue to keep in in one piece, and has now 
had another decade for the other half of that plank to stabilize.  The gun 
its holding, a TC Black Diamond 50 cal, has decided to shoot very well since 
I pitched the 209 primer carrying breech plug and put a #11 nipple in it.  
The 209's fire come hell or even high water, but are way too brutal and lift 
the rammed bullet clear of the packed powder before the powder can get a 
decent explosion going, and that lack of a solidly rammed load can make a 
decent gun shoot a shotgun pattern at shotgun ranges.  With the #11 musket 
cap, its doing 2" to 3" groups at 50 yards, not great but will put venison in 
the freezer, and 3 feet smaller then the same load being lit by a 209 primer.

I made a #11 carrying breech plug for my other coal burner, a TC Omega 50 cal 
with the factory thumb hole stock, but the firing pin is so well centered it 
goes right down the middle of the nipple, putting a very nice dent in the 
cap, but with nothing under the middle of the cap for an anvil, it doesn't 
fire.  I hit the first one about 6 times without cracking it off.  Gave up.  
With the 209's lighting it, it is not reliably on the paper at 50 yards.  I 
hear they are making a puny powered 209 these days, but none of them seem to 
have filtered down to the gittin places of unwashed shooters of charcoal 
burners yet.
 
Centerfire season opens here on Monday if you can't tell.  I think I have a 
place to sit & let the dust settle on my eyeballs, till something wanders by.  
If I can keep my diabetic feet warm that is. :(

Humm, not much left on topic in this here thread. ;)

>Best,
>
>Jeshua Lacock
>Founder/Programmer
>3DTOPO Incorporated
>
>Phone: 208.462.4171
>

-- 
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Re: [Emc-users] Compact Flash card for Hard Drive

[Jon Elson]

David Winter wrote:
> Dear All,
>Anyone used a CF card as a hard drive? 
They are kind of slow.  Not too bad to read, but still can be a couple
megabytes a second, depending a lot on the adaptor.  But, the write speed
can be REALLY slow, vastly slower than a normal hard drive.

I think you can now get IDE to CF card adaptors, so any old BIOS can
handle it.
>   I thought I read 
> here that someone has done it
> but I searched the wiki and didn't find anything.   I have a card and 
> adapter which I have partitioned
> with fdisk and formatted using   format c: /s   (  DOS  )   but my PC 
> won't boot from it.
This is a USB CF card adaptor?  Many older BIOSs will not boot from USB.

Jon

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Re: [Emc-users] Compact Flash card for Hard Drive

[John Guenther]

It seems to me that UBUNTU is debian, sort of.


On Sat, 2009-11-21 at 11:45 -0600, Karl Schmidt wrote:
> I have Linux boxes that boot off a CFLASH
> 
> things to know:
> - CFLASH will wear out so create a RAM-drive for your logs.
> - Get a big CFALASH so the wear leveling can do it's thing.
> - Turn off atime - so it won't write every time you read.
> 
> Doing this is cleaner in Debian ( EMC belongs on Debian anyway IMHO - not the 
> more bleeding edge 
> Ubuntu )
> 
> 
> 
> 
> Karl Schmidt  EMail k...@xtronics.com
> Transtronics, Inc.  WEB http://xtronics.com
> 3209 West 9th Street Ph (785) 841-3089
> Lawrence, KS 66049  FAX (785) 841-0434
> 
> I was seldom able to see an opportunity until it had ceased to be one. -- 
> Mark Twain
> 
> 
> 
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Re: [Emc-users] How Exactly does a Mister Work

[Jeshua Lacock]

On Nov 21, 2009, at 9:55 AM, Gene Heskett wrote:

>> My first attempt was in olivine sand, and I had about 1/2 inch layer
>> of black quartz fused around the casting!
>
> I'll bet that was NOT fun to remove without damaging the casting too  
> much. :(

Lets just say I wrote that one off as an experiment.

;)

> In graphite I'd think the cooling would be pretty slow, but the  
> finish should
> show the machining marks in the graphite I'd think.  With thought &  
> carefull
> design, that mold should be re-usable several times too.


You got it!

One of the main reasons I have been building a CNC machine is for  
making patterns and molds...


Best,

Jeshua Lacock
Founder/Programmer
3DTOPO Incorporated

Phone: 208.462.4171


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Re: [Emc-users] How Exactly does a Mister Work

[Jeshua Lacock]

On Nov 21, 2009, at 5:58 AM, Erik Christiansen wrote:

> On Sat, Nov 21, 2009 at 05:00:13AM -0700, Jeshua Lacock wrote:
>> One of the beauties of casting with aluminothermic reactions is there
>> is no crucible used (or furnace)!
>
> Would another beauty be that TiO2 is cheap enough to put in paint and
> plastic, but Ti metal costs a mozza?

Indeed.

> I can't quite get over that you're
> casually extracting the metal from a most recalcitrant oxide, while
> current industrial processes to do the same are horribly expensive.

A considerable percent of commercial titanium reduced uses a similar  
reaction.

The are several reasons why Ti costs "a mozza":

1. Marketing - they have you by the *alls - its Titanium!!! You know  
you want it!

2. It lasts forever - industries prefer you have to buy replacements -  
often!

3. Extremely difficult to machine and work with.

4. Raw materials still are not cheap. If you do the math for buying  
the TiO2, the aluminum powder, fluorite, etc, it would work out to  
around the going rate for raw titanium. Of course, if you order  
materials by the boat load, you can get the costs down.

>> You plug the sprue (entry) going to the mold cavity with a thin sheet
>> of metal (that is melted once the molten metal reaches it), and put
>> the chemical on top. The slag melts to the top and the metal drains
>> out into the mold
>
> Does it remain molten long enough to flow into a mould, if the  
> reaction
> takes 20 minutes?

The burning stage only lasts perhaps a couple minutes. But it keeps  
reacting for a good while afterwards. The burn rate is configurable by  
the size of the aluminum particle and the amount of flux used. Here is  
a pic of the actual combustion stage:



> Or was that just because you were melting a barrel of
> the stuff? Even so, that wouldn't give a sound casting, just a pig for
> remelting?


If the plug and reaction rate is properly chosen, then you can get  
sound castings as I have.

To get high purity Ti, one would have to re-melt the pig in an inert  
atmosphere (argon) and remove any slag that floats to top.

That being said, I have made usable parts directly from Ti  
aluminothermic reactions.


Cheers,

Jeshua Lacock
Founder/Programmer
3DTOPO Incorporated

Phone: 208.462.4171


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Re: [Emc-users] P, I, and D variables adjustable while emc2 is running?

[John Thornton]

You can go to Machine/Calibration and tune servos from there.

John

On 21 Nov 2009 at 15:20, Pat Lyons wrote:

> I think this may be a popular question but I couldn't find much at
> all on
> the idea of being able to tune the p i and d variables without
> having to
> quit and restart emc.
> 
> so is it possible?
> 
> or do I need to keep restarting?
> 
> thanks
> -pat
> 
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Re: [Emc-users] c&t f6900 problem

[Alex Joni]

> Alternatively: is there still a 6.06 live cd available (been looking for 
> it in vain)?

You can find it here:
http://www.linuxcnc.org/iso/emc2.2.2-1-ubuntu6.06-desktop-i386.iso

or on my mirror:
http://dsplabs.cs.upt.ro/~juve/emc/

Regards,
Alex
 


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Re: [Emc-users] P, I, and D variables adjustable while emc2 is running?

[Andy Pugh]

2009/11/21 Pat Lyons :
>
> I think this may be a popular question but I couldn't find much at all on
> the idea of being able to tune the p i and d variables without having to
> quit and restart emc.

You can type setp commands in the Hal-Information screen.

-- 
atp

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Re: [Emc-users] Spindle positioning in degrees

[Leonardo Marsaglia]

Hello guys thanks for the attention,

I'm making tests with a telemecanique VFD that has the +/- 10 volt analog
input (as far as i know is a vectorial vfd but i don't know if it's the same
as a flux-vector), i tried both using as a spindle and as an axis, and
worked ok... i didn't tune quite well the pid since it was a rapid test so,
i had oscillation but, this is the main question that i have about the
spindle/axis switching:

When i tried to move the motor in axis mode with my hand, immediately the
motor turned in the oposite direction to stay in the position. So i'm
thinking in how i can make with hal the switching because if i use the
spindle the axis will refuse to lose its position so first the axis will try
to run against the spindle turning and if not i'll get a following error, so
that makes me think that i have to deactivate the axis during the spindle
work, but if i do that i lose the position of the axis so i have to make a
new homing sequence and  wich is not possible in auto mode and so on...

Well the thing that comes to my mind is to make something in hal and use the
index pulse to reset the C axis to zero everytime the pulse is activated. So
the axis count will go from 0 to 360 degree and then start all over again
from 0.

Well it's just an approach to what i'm trying to do, i really appreciate
your help as always :) so correct me if i'm saying something wrong please.

Best regards.

Leonardo.

2009/11/21 Stuart Stevenson 

> On Fri, Nov 20, 2009 at 10:26 PM, Leonardo Marsaglia <
> leonardomarsagli...@gmail.com> wrote:
>
> > Hello guys, i've already asked something similar in the forum but this is
> a
> > simpler..
> >
> > I read about the retrofit of the mazak that some of the guys made, and
> i'm
> > making tests with an AC motor with a vfd and an encoder..
> >
> > So i was wondering if i can make the spindle turn and stop in a given
> > angle?
> >
> >
> > It would be could if i can make the spindle turn degree by degree, but i
> > don't see a gcode to do that.
> >
> > I think most machines that position the spindle will reconfigure the
> system
> to use the spindle as a C axis. Then they can command the C axis angle for
> position.
>
>
> > Well thanks in advance for your attention. :)
> >
> > Regards.
> >
> > Leonardo.
> >
> >
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> >
>
>
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> Need not listen anymore.
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[Emc-users] P, I, and D variables adjustable while emc2 is running?

[Pat Lyons]

I think this may be a popular question but I couldn't find much at all on
the idea of being able to tune the p i and d variables without having to
quit and restart emc.

so is it possible?

or do I need to keep restarting?

thanks
-pat
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Re: [Emc-users] Compact Flash card for Hard Drive

[Leslie Newell]

Hi Gene,

> But booting a normal linux like the version we use for emc, that uses ext3 as 
> the filesystem would probably use it up in a week or 2.


Don't underestimate the number of write cycles a CF card can handle. As 
long as you disable atime and stick the logs into a ram drive, as I 
describe in the wiki, a CF card will last a very long time. I even run 
unmodified copies of Windows on CF cards and I have never had a failure.

Les

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Re: [Emc-users] Anilam linear encoder output voltage <1v... any ideas?

[Peter C. Wallace]

On Sat, 21 Nov 2009, Pat Lyons wrote:

> Date: Sat, 21 Nov 2009 12:09:00 -0500
> From: Pat Lyons 
> Reply-To: "Enhanced Machine Controller (EMC)"
> 
> To: "Enhanced Machine Controller (EMC)" 
> Subject: [Emc-users] Anilam linear encoder output voltage <1v... any ideas?
> 
> Hey folks,
>
> just inquiring about the output of my anilam linear encoder being less than
> one volt in amplitude...  a full 5v is applied, but the pulses coming out
> only hit like 0.3vI pulled apart the connector to find some oil in
> between the pins but wiped it out and still have the same problem.
>
> I'd like to ask, when/if encoders begin to die or deteriorate, do they
> behave like this?
> I'm gonna do wiring checks to make sure there isnt a voltage drop occuring
> across a single strand of crushed wire or anything... but i suspect that
> quite unlikely.
> thanks!
> -pat

Is it possible your encoders are so old that they have bare solar cell 
(photodiode) outputs? You probably need a op-amp C-V converter followed by a 
comparator in this case (Maybe trace the original circuitry they were 
connected to to determine if its an encoder fault or just an old encoder with 
no electronics in the read head)


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Peter Wallace
Mesa Electronics

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Re: [Emc-users] c&t f6900 problem

[Chris Epicier]

Hi Steve
> 
> >Thanks for the hint. Currently getting 6.06 and 7.10
> iso's to burn and test. I did already run a test using 8.04
> alternative installl w/o success so far. So I guess, my
> quest seems to be to find the right ubuntu version prior or
> euqal to 8.04 to start off with.
> >  
> >
> You might try going the other way instead - get stock 9.04
> or 9.10, and 
> then install some of the experimental EMC2 packages from 
> .
> 
> They aren't well organized, but if you look in the Karmic
> directory 
> there, you'll see kernels and EMC2 packages for 9.10.
> 
> Note the word "experimental" in the URL ;)

I tested he following ubuntu versions 
6.06 installs OK, remains emc stuff to be added
7.10 installs OK, but fails upgrade to 8.04, so as emc stuff is not avilable 
for this version, no go
8.04 fails install
9.10 fails install

I am pretty sure now, that it is a bug hat entered in 8.04. I think it is this 
one:
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/console-setup/+bug/73955

I am willing to compile a module, do some testing etc. I only need clues as 
where or how to start on this. 

Alternatively: is there still a 6.06 live cd available (been looking for it in 
vain)?

greeets chris

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Re: [Emc-users] Compact Flash card for Hard Drive

[Karl Schmidt]

I have Linux boxes that boot off a CFLASH

things to know:
- CFLASH will wear out so create a RAM-drive for your logs.
- Get a big CFALASH so the wear leveling can do it's thing.
- Turn off atime - so it won't write every time you read.

Doing this is cleaner in Debian ( EMC belongs on Debian anyway IMHO - not the 
more bleeding edge 
Ubuntu )




Karl Schmidt  EMail k...@xtronics.com
Transtronics, Inc.  WEB http://xtronics.com
3209 West 9th Street Ph (785) 841-3089
Lawrence, KS 66049  FAX (785) 841-0434

I was seldom able to see an opportunity until it had ceased to be one. -- Mark 
Twain



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Re: [Emc-users] Compact Flash card for Hard Drive

[Gene Heskett]

On Saturday 21 November 2009, David Winter wrote:
>Dear All,
>   Anyone used a CF card as a hard drive?   I thought I read
>here that someone has done it
>but I searched the wiki and didn't find anything.   I have a card and
>adapter which I have partitioned
>with fdisk and formatted using   format c: /s   (  DOS  )   but my PC
>won't boot from it.   All help and
>advice gratefully received.  BTW,I have  no idea how to set my BIOS
>for this card, which is a
>8 GB  Kingston  133x  card.I don't know if it needs  CHS,, LBA,
>Large  ,   what sort of UDMA
>access, etc.
>
>Thanks
>in advance,
>
>David
>Winter.
>P.S.  Thanks to everyone who contribute to EMC2, only wish I was smart
>enough to contribute :-(

Your time may well come, David.

As far as using a cf card for a hard drive, the limited write cycle lifetime 
of the cf would make that a bit of a tossup for long term dependability when 
using a normal filesystem that does its housekeeping in the background, so it 
_must_ be treated as absolutely read-only in day to day operations.

That said, I have a box sitting on the next table, an old K6-iii and 384 megs 
of dram in it, that is booting from a cf card plugged into an adapter which 
in turn is plugged onto the end of an 80 wire EIDE cable and is effectively 
drive 0 (C to the winderz folks).  There are no other drives in that box, 
just a couple of 100 megabit ethernet cards and an atheros based wireless 
802-11a/b/g card.

It runs headless although I can put a monitor and keyboard on it if I should 
have to.  With uptimes measured in years, the monitor has probably died of 
neglect by now, its an old 19" crt that was getting flaky anyway.  I do most 
maintenance by logging into its web server from the LAN side, and WAN side 
logins are disabled.

It runs a router program called dd-wrt, the best kept secret in bulletproof 
routers there is.  No one, and it is being attacked many times a second, has 
ever gotten past it that I did not give the password to first.  One of the 
ethernet cards faces the DSL modem, the other an 8 port switch that the rest 
of my stuff is plugged into.  None of the machines on this side of dd-wrt 
runs a firewall, its not needed.  It (iptables) would probably be good 
insurance, but its also something else that needs to be maintained.

dd-wrt (a busybox derivative) treats it as read-only unless an update has 
been downloaded and is being installed.  Best of both worlds in this case.  
But booting a normal linux like the version we use for emc, that uses ext3 as 
the filesystem would probably use it up in a week or 2.

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Re: [Emc-users] How Exactly does a Mister Work

[Gene Heskett]

On Saturday 21 November 2009, Peter blodow wrote:
>Hello Gene,
>I take  this discussion about welding and combustibles as an oopportunity
>to clarify a few things.
>1. CO2 is used in arc welding only for old soft iron (mild steel) in order
>to maintain the percentage of carbon of the components also in the seam
>material. It's a balance reaction of consuming carbon by oxidation and
>returnig this amount by decomposing CO2. Without this, the properties of
>the material would be strongly affected, e.g. iron turning brittle
>jeopardizing constructions. Therefore, there are welding gases on the
>market containing different amounts of CO2 mixed with argon. Linde AG gave
>it the brand name of CORGON. For all other metals including stainless steel
>welding a pure inert gas is used, preferably argon because of the low
>price. It is obtained in the process of air liquefying as a byproduct. That
>means, it should cost nothing at all because air is actually liquefied to
>obtain liquid oxygen and nitrogen:-)

I am very well aware of the control one has over the finished weld that can 
be had by flame adjustments when using a smith wrench. I took welding lessons 
from the fellow that used a smith wrench to plug the con-rod hole in that big 
6 mercury block, which is Mag.  Admittedly that was 55 years ago, but not 
much has changed.  If I find myself working with scrap bed rail, use a hard, 
high oxygen flame to soften the brittleness, or on mill run steel, leave a 
bit of a feather on the flame to add carbon to the puddle.  Tools of the 
trade so to speak.

And I'm aware that the argon should be a throwaway, and what they don't sell 
probably is vented, but it seems outrageous to me that a little bottle, the 
same size your grandmother might carry over her shoulder with o2 in it for 
half an afternoons shopping or a league bowling session, should cost me $125.  
That is purely a case of what the traffic will bear pricing.  Of course these 
same folks are also charging about 90$ for a T2 sized bottle of dry nitrogen, 
something broadcasters use to keep the transmission lines pressurized to 
about 2 psi so any leaks won't suck in water when it rains as water=a line 
burnout & a few days off the air while you get a crew in to pull the lines 
off the tower, clean up the mess that burnt teflon leaves behind, and replace 
the burnt teflon.  I got tired of that and we did it ourselves the last time, 
finding about a pint of water sitting in an elbow at the tower top that a 
previous crew hadn't cleaned out after leaving it open overnight while it 
rained about 2" in the night.  Job security I guess.  We used an old gravely 
tractor/lawn mower for the lifter, and had 1k feet of 1/8" aircraft cable 
rigged over an 8" pully at the tower top to do the line lifting/lowering, 2, 
20' pieces at a time.  I might add that was a decade back, no repeats since.

That all boils down to "if you want the job done right, do it yourself".  And 
the tower company that did that to us has never gotten another dime from us, 
with the reason being carefully explained in 1 and 2 syllable words every 
time their sales force calls us looking to get a painting job or whatever. 

>2.) Thermite is a mixture or aluminium powder and iron oxides. When
>kindled, It develops temperatures above 3000 degrees C (5400 F) by burning
>(oxidizing) the Alu and in turn reducing the iron oxides to metallic iron
>with sufficient surplus energy to melt this iron at the instant and even
>melt the surrounding substances such as railway tracks. However, the
>thermite mix can't be started with a simple match, so a small strip of
>magnesium sheet is used as an iginiter. Alu is so reactive and, at the same
>time, safe, that today, it's the main component of rock blasting.

>3.) CO2 is a common fire extinguishing agent especially for strange and
>rare combustibles. It can't give off oxygen at the temperatures considered.
>It is, however, dangerous for alll personell around and, at least
>hereabouts, there must be a alarm time before the CO2 cylinders are fired.
>This delay might be detrimetal to the success of fire extinguishing. Some
>substances like thermite can't be extinguished because they carry their
>oxygen inside.

>4.) I don't think there is much use in applying mist to machine tools.
>There is way too little effect compared with flooding. Modern lathes and
>mills are capsuled and coolant is directed with high pressure from as many
>of 10 to 20 nozzles from all directions onto the tools. This makes it
>possible to mill stainless steel with, say, 15.000 rpm or Alu with up to
>100.000. I bought a CNC mill some years ago and all the elder statesmen in
>the shop shook their heads when they first saw what happened. Point is: the
>machine adjusts its speed automatically to tool diameter and material to be
>processed, and all the workers, with their lifetime experience, believed
>that the machine must be in error and the tools won't make it longer than
>an hour.

And you

Re: [Emc-users] Anilam linear encoder output voltage <1v... any ideas?

[Pat Lyons]

Thanks for the response!

measured with a fluke hand held scope.  and its not differential.  how old
is very old?  this machine is from the late 80's (87 i think).

unfortunately, no manual info on the scales...

thanks chris!
-pat

On Sat, Nov 21, 2009 at 12:18 PM, Chris Radek  wrote:

> On Sat, Nov 21, 2009 at 12:09:00PM -0500, Pat Lyons wrote:
> > Hey folks,
> >
> > just inquiring about the output of my anilam linear encoder being less
> than
> > one volt in amplitude...  a full 5v is applied, but the pulses coming out
> > only hit like 0.3vI pulled apart the connector to find some oil in
> > between the pins but wiped it out and still have the same problem.
>
>
> That sure doesn't sound right.  How are you measuring it?  Is it a
> differential signal?
>
> If your scales are very old they might have light bulbs.  There is
> sometimes a harrowing procedure for aligning/calibrating them.  Do
> you have manuals?
>
>
>
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Re: [Emc-users] Anilam linear encoder output voltage <1v... any ideas?

[Chris Radek]

On Sat, Nov 21, 2009 at 12:09:00PM -0500, Pat Lyons wrote:
> Hey folks,
> 
> just inquiring about the output of my anilam linear encoder being less than
> one volt in amplitude...  a full 5v is applied, but the pulses coming out
> only hit like 0.3vI pulled apart the connector to find some oil in
> between the pins but wiped it out and still have the same problem.


That sure doesn't sound right.  How are you measuring it?  Is it a
differential signal?

If your scales are very old they might have light bulbs.  There is
sometimes a harrowing procedure for aligning/calibrating them.  Do
you have manuals?


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[Emc-users] Anilam linear encoder output voltage <1v... any ideas?

[Pat Lyons]

Hey folks,

just inquiring about the output of my anilam linear encoder being less than
one volt in amplitude...  a full 5v is applied, but the pulses coming out
only hit like 0.3vI pulled apart the connector to find some oil in
between the pins but wiped it out and still have the same problem.

I'd like to ask, when/if encoders begin to die or deteriorate, do they
behave like this?
I'm gonna do wiring checks to make sure there isnt a voltage drop occuring
across a single strand of crushed wire or anything... but i suspect that
quite unlikely.
thanks!
-pat
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Re: [Emc-users] How Exactly does a Mister Work

[Gene Heskett]

On Saturday 21 November 2009, Jeshua Lacock wrote:
>On Nov 21, 2009, at 4:40 AM, Gene Heskett wrote:
 s/infinity/affinity :)
>>>
>>> Doh! So much for trying to sound intelligent!
>>
>> Or ENOTENOUGHCAFFIENE, it is quite early here and the pot hasn't
>> been started
>> yet. Its purely accidental that I caught that this time of the
>> morning.
>> Diabetic, up to pee, and I don't care how old you are, its an
>> unwritten rule
>> that if you want to keep your geek credentials you have to check
>> your email
>> before going back to bed. ;-)
>
>Ahahahaah!
>
>>> :P
>>> :
> Note that titanium dioxide takes a great deal more energy to
> sustain
> an exothermic reaction compared to iron oxide, so the use of a
> catalyst is required.

 Interesting Jeshua, and the catalyst used was?
>>>
>>> Thanks Gene!
>>>
>>> I have used both potassium perchlorate (KClO4) and calcium sulphate
>>> (eg drywall, plaster of paris or gypsum). Drywall is much more
>>> readily
>>> available and safer to handle (KClO4 is a carcinogen).
>>
>> So is some chinese drywall ;)
>
>You're funny Gene!
>
>>> It is a really interesting reaction - it is like Thermite in slow
>>> motion. Here is what the alumina (slag) looked like about 20 minutes
>>> after starting the titanium reaction:
>>>
>>> 
>>
>> And it took 20 minutes to reach that state?  Wow!
>
>Exactly!
>
>> And I assume the titanium
>> was suitably 'cast' once the reaction was used up & things cooled.
>
>Yes, that was actually the end of the reaction so it had slowed down
>quite a bit (but it was still going) than the actual burning stage.
>When a titanium reaction is going, you get white sparks flying - a lot
>like sparklers.
>
>Note that you also add fluorite to make the titanium flow better. Here
>are percents to use by weight:
>
>Titanium dioxide 30.0%
>Drywall 25.5%
>Aluminium powder 27.0%
>Ground fluorite 17.5%
>
>> What does
>> one use for a casting mold/crucible material at those sorts of temps?
>
>Graphite and water cooled copper molds work great. Copper molds are
>pretty easy to cast using lost foam or machined. Graphite is easy to
>machine (messy though!).

I haven't tried either of those.  Wood, alu, hdpe, brass & assorted 
indeterminate grades of steel from the metals salvage people.  Some of that 
old coal mine shafting plays hell with carbide tools though. The sliding fin 
motor couplings I use on the mill were made from it, as was the steel nut 
holder in the heart of the Z drive, and its cost me about $100 in broken 
inserts and 1/4" mills to make them.  I still have a few chunks of that 
tossed in the corner.  Its like its case hardened, all the way through.  A 
fresh Valenite insert, if not cutting .006" deep & .004" per turn, something 
my little 7x12 lathe doesn't have the spindle power to do at diameters over 
3/4", will just slide off it, so you pull the tool and take a look with a 
high powered glass, and its not chipped, its smoothly worn as if that steel 
was diamond coated.  So you tune it up with a diamond wheel and try again.  I 
used up a whole box of those inserts just on those 4 couplings.  Now I get my 
steel from the cold rolled bin at TSC, much easier stuff to work, but often 
not big enough as 1" rod is their largest.

>My first attempt was in olivine sand, and I had about 1/2 inch layer
>of black quartz fused around the casting!

I'll bet that was NOT fun to remove without damaging the casting too much. :(

In graphite I'd think the cooling would be pretty slow, but the finish should 
show the machining marks in the graphite I'd think.  With thought & carefull 
design, that mold should be re-usable several times too.

>Best,
>
An interesting conversation Jeshua, thanks.

>Jeshua Lacock
>Founder/Programmer
>3DTOPO Incorporated
>
>Phone: 208.462.4171

-- 
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 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
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Re: [Emc-users] How Exactly does a Mister Work

[Rainer Schmidt]

I don't want to rain onto this parade, but what has this to do with EMC?
Please visit a forum oriented towards the core of this discussion,
specially considering that the majority of information posted in this
thread is flawed to say the least. Actually it makes my brain hurt.
This might sound arrogant, but is not meant that way.
Happy EMC'ing
Rainer

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Re: [Emc-users] Compact Flash card for Hard Drive

[Leslie Newell]

I have done quite a few of these now.

Unless you know your card adapter can handle UDMA, disable it. Not all 
card adapters are wired for UDMA and you get all sorts of problems if 
you try to use UDMA on them. As far as I know all SATA CF card adapters 
can handle UDMA. It may give you a bit more speed so once you get 
everything working, try enabling UDMA and see if it makes any difference.

Some cards identify themselves as removable storage. This makes it 
difficult to install Windows but Linux doesn't seem to mind.

Les

> UDMA is probably not necessary.  1 "x" is 150 kB/second, or the speed of 
> an audio CD.  The 133x card is therefore about 20 MB/second, which is 
> pretty slow by hard disk standards.  It should be OK to set UDMA on, 
> since the BIOS or Linux will fall back to the highest supported mode 
> anyway.  I think LBA is the best mode in general, but you may need 
> "Large" for one reason or another.

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Re: [Emc-users] Compact Flash card for Hard Drive

[John Guenther]

David,

I googled 'boot linux from compact flash' and got 831,000 results.

I looked at a couple, for example 

www.linuxjournal.com/article/4551

which seemed to give a pretty good explanation of how to boot linux from
a CF card.  Several people have done this, I think one of the guy's in
the CAMS CNC group did it with EMC2 but I am not sure, the memory may be
playing tricks on me today.

I hope this helps.

John Guenther
'Ye Olde Pen Maker'
Sterling, VIrginia


On Sat, 2009-11-21 at 15:34 +, David Winter wrote:
> Dear All,
>Anyone used a CF card as a hard drive?   I thought I read 
> here that someone has done it
> but I searched the wiki and didn't find anything.   I have a card and 
> adapter which I have partitioned
> with fdisk and formatted using   format c: /s   (  DOS  )   but my PC 
> won't boot from it.   All help and
> advice gratefully received.  BTW,I have  no idea how to set my BIOS 
> for this card, which is a
> 8 GB  Kingston  133x  card.I don't know if it needs  CHS,, LBA,  
> Large  ,   what sort of UDMA
> access, etc.
> 
> Thanks 
> in advance,
> 
> David 
> Winter.
> P.S.  Thanks to everyone who contribute to EMC2, only wish I was smart 
> enough to contribute :-(
> 
> 
> 
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Re: [Emc-users] How Exactly does a Mister Work

[Mark Cason]

On 11/21/2009 04:03 AM, Erik Christiansen wrote:
> On Fri, Nov 20, 2009 at 05:10:18PM +, Leslie Newell wrote:
>> Carbon dioxide is 66% oxygen (CO2). As aluminum is very active it will
>> strip oxygen out of the CO2. That is also the reason why you should
>> never use a CO2 fire extinguisher on magnesium fires.
>
> However, it is extensively used in fire extinguishers precisely because
> it does not give up its oxygen even at hundreds of degrees C. I'm not
> sure of how many thousand degrees magnesium burns at, but it is more
> than 1500, because thermite (magnesium and iron oxide) combustion melts
> the iron produced by the reduction of the iron oxide.
>
> If the cutting operation is hot enough to dissociate CO2, then there'd
> better not be any oil about, especially as mist, unless Gene has his
> detonation-deadening earmuffs on tight. ;-)
>
> Wikipedia appears to be self-contradicting:
>
> "Carbon dioxide also finds use as an atmosphere for welding, although in
> the welding arc, it reacts to oxidize most metals."
>
> The closest I've come in a quick search is:
>
> http://www.hitech-inst.co.uk/pdfs/technical/heat_treatment.pdf which
> says:
>
> "The graph shows cell output against carbon monoxide/carbon dioxide
> ratio. this is plotted at 634°C and 812°C, ..."
>
> i.e. CO2 is still so completely undissociated at 812°C that ratios can
> be measured for metallurgical analysis. So the aluminium would melt
> long before the CO2 dissociated to any measurable degree.
>
> Erik

   This may true in theory, but not in practice.  Welding Aluminum with 
a CO2 or AR/CO2 mix will give bad results.  Guess how I found that out.:)



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Re: [Emc-users] Compact Flash card for Hard Drive

[Stephen Wille Padnos]

David Winter wrote:

>Dear All,
>   Anyone used a CF card as a hard drive?   I thought I read 
>here that someone has done it
>  
>
Les Newell did it.

>but I searched the wiki and didn't find anything.
>
Here's his wiki page:


>   I have a card and 
>adapter which I have partitioned
>with fdisk and formatted using   format c: /s   (  DOS  )   but my PC 
>won't boot from it.
>
What to do next depends on what the PC does at boot time.  If it finds 
the CF card but won't boot from it, it may just be a boot loader problem 
(fdisk /mbr might help this).  If it can't find the device at all, then 
you may have to fiddle with the BIOS settings.  If it's recognized in 
the BIOS and you can set it as the boot drive, then you should be good 
to go - the Linux install will set up the boot loader for you.

>   All help and
>advice gratefully received.  BTW,I have  no idea how to set my BIOS 
>for this card, which is a
>8 GB  Kingston  133x  card.I don't know if it needs  CHS,, LBA,  
>Large  ,   what sort of UDMA
>access, etc.
>  
>
UDMA is probably not necessary.  1 "x" is 150 kB/second, or the speed of 
an audio CD.  The 133x card is therefore about 20 MB/second, which is 
pretty slow by hard disk standards.  It should be OK to set UDMA on, 
since the BIOS or Linux will fall back to the highest supported mode 
anyway.  I think LBA is the best mode in general, but you may need 
"Large" for one reason or another.

- Steve


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[Emc-users] Compact Flash card for Hard Drive

[David Winter]

Dear All,
   Anyone used a CF card as a hard drive?   I thought I read 
here that someone has done it
but I searched the wiki and didn't find anything.   I have a card and 
adapter which I have partitioned
with fdisk and formatted using   format c: /s   (  DOS  )   but my PC 
won't boot from it.   All help and
advice gratefully received.  BTW,I have  no idea how to set my BIOS 
for this card, which is a
8 GB  Kingston  133x  card.I don't know if it needs  CHS,, LBA,  
Large  ,   what sort of UDMA
access, etc.

Thanks 
in advance,

David 
Winter.
P.S.  Thanks to everyone who contribute to EMC2, only wish I was smart 
enough to contribute :-(



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Re: [Emc-users] Help with custom GS2_vfd module

[Michael Haberler]

I've built a gs2-based VFD driver for the Toshiba VF-S11 which is not  
as broken as the Huanyang but clearly qualifies for the "stupid Modbus  
implementations" bingo (for instance all single-register reads & writes)

it's at http://git.mah.priv.at/gitweb/vfs11-vfd.git

sounds you'll have to do some massaging of either libmodbus or the  
Huanyan coders though

I would suggest you explore your "Modbus" first

I did the same and wrote a little command line utility to send/receive  
arbitrary modbus commands, see 
http://mah.priv.at/cgi-bin/viewvc.cgi/modio/?root=CVS

try to get that working at the register level first and then modify  
the VFD driver

-Michael





Am 02.05.2009 um 11:57 schrieb Jayson Wallis:

>
> Hi All,
>
> I am currently at wits end and need some help from some people more  
> knowledgeable than I.
>
> For the past 2 weeks I have been trying to customize GS2_vfd.c (as  
> well as modbus.c/.h) to work with my VFD which is a Huanyang  
> HY02D223B. (The manual is on CNCzone 
> http://www.cnczone.com/forums/attachment.php?attachmentid=79285&d=1239132143)
>
> Since I have only ever programmed in basic and that is only  
> PicMicros, I am finding this exceptionally difficult.  I have  
> managed to fool (butcher) with it plenty and get an output that  
> would probably work if I could only decipher how to read the input.   
> I am sure that I have gone about it all wrong and was wondering if  
> anyone had a modified driver that was more suited to my requirements.
>
> My VFD takes single requests and replies with single answers that is  
> I can only read one thing at a time.
>
> To Read the programmed Frequency I need to send
> [01][04][03][00][00][00][F0][4E]
>
> [01] Slave address [04] read control status [03] request length [00]  
> read set Frequency [00 and 00] extra request padding [F0 4E] CRC
>
> Generating the reply of
> [01][04][03][00][03][E8][F0][F0] corresponding to 10.00Hz
>
> If I want to know the frequency out of the vfd  I send [01][04][03] 
> [01][00][00][A1][8E]
> out amps is [01][04][03][02][00][00][51][8E] etc etc, until I have  
> all the values required
>
> 2 of the control requests are as follows
> sent [01][03][01][08][F1][8E] Drive Stop
> received [01][03][01][09][30][4E]
>
> send [01][03][01][01][31][88] Drive run
> receive [01][03][01][00][F0][48]
>
> and to set the run frequency of the drive I send
> [01][05][03][03][E8][00][73][8E] Set drive frequency 10.00 Hz
> receive [01][05][02][03][E8][B8][72]
> [01][05][03][13][88][00][5A][4B] set drive frequency 50.00 Hz
> receive [01][05][02][13][88][B5][9A]
>
> I though that I could nut this out so that I didn't have to bother  
> anyone but this is driving me crazy.  I tried to modify the classic  
> ladder modbus routine also but had no luck with that either.  If  
> someone has a stripped down version of the GS2 files that I may have  
> better luck with I would greatly appreciate it.
>
> Thanks,
>
> Jayson.
>
> (Horsham, Australia)
>
>
>
>
> _
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Re: [Emc-users] How Exactly does a Mister Work

[Andy Pugh]

2009/11/21 Jack :

> Knowing how much would be part of the art of using this method.  I would think
> that you would always want just a little more so as to overfill it to a bit 
> more
> than the sprue will hold.

but not so much that it overflows onto the kitchen worktop.

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Re: [Emc-users] How Exactly does a Mister Work

[Jack]

>>
>>One of the beauties of casting with aluminothermic reactions is there
>>is no crucible used (or furnace)!
>>
>>You plug the sprue (entry) going to the mold cavity with a thin sheet
>>of metal (that is melted once the molten metal reaches it), and put
>>the chemical on top. The slag melts to the top and the metal drains
>>out into the mold
>
> Kewl!  I take it the magic is in knowing how much you need to fill the mold.
> :)

Knowing how much would be part of the art of using this method.  I would think
that you would always want just a little more so as to overfill it to a bit more
than the sprue will hold.

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Re: [Emc-users] How Exactly does a Mister Work

[Gene Heskett]

On Saturday 21 November 2009, Jeshua Lacock wrote:
>On Nov 21, 2009, at 4:40 AM, Gene Heskett wrote:
>> And it took 20 minutes to reach that state?  Wow!  And I assume the
>> titanium
>> was suitably 'cast' once the reaction was used up & things cooled.
>> What does
>> one use for a casting mold/crucible material at those sorts of temps?
>
>P.S.
>
>One of the beauties of casting with aluminothermic reactions is there
>is no crucible used (or furnace)!
>
>You plug the sprue (entry) going to the mold cavity with a thin sheet
>of metal (that is melted once the molten metal reaches it), and put
>the chemical on top. The slag melts to the top and the metal drains
>out into the mold

Kewl!  I take it the magic is in knowing how much you need to fill the mold. 
:)

Thanks Jeshua.

>Best,
>
>Jeshua Lacock
>Founder/Programmer
>3DTOPO Incorporated
>
>Phone: 208.462.4171

-- 
Cheers, Gene
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
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The NRA is offering FREE Associate memberships to anyone who wants them.


Worth seeing?  Yes, but not worth going to see.

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Re: [Emc-users] How Exactly does a Mister Work

[Erik Christiansen]

On Sat, Nov 21, 2009 at 05:00:13AM -0700, Jeshua Lacock wrote:
> One of the beauties of casting with aluminothermic reactions is there  
> is no crucible used (or furnace)!

Would another beauty be that TiO2 is cheap enough to put in paint and
plastic, but Ti metal costs a mozza? I can't quite get over that you're
casually extracting the metal from a most recalcitrant oxide, while
current industrial processes to do the same are horribly expensive.

> You plug the sprue (entry) going to the mold cavity with a thin sheet  
> of metal (that is melted once the molten metal reaches it), and put  
> the chemical on top. The slag melts to the top and the metal drains  
> out into the mold

Does it remain molten long enough to flow into a mould, if the reaction
takes 20 minutes? Or was that just because you were melting a barrel of
the stuff? Even so, that wouldn't give a sound casting, just a pig for
remelting?

Erik

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Re: [Emc-users] How Exactly does a Mister Work

[Peter blodow]

Hello Gene,
I take  this discussion about welding and combustibles as an oopportunity 
to clarify a few things.
1. CO2 is used in arc welding only for old soft iron (mild steel) in order 
to maintain the percentage of carbon of the components also in the seam 
material. It's a balance reaction of consuming carbon by oxidation and 
returnig this amount by decomposing CO2. Without this, the properties of 
the material would be strongly affected, e.g. iron turning brittle 
jeopardizing constructions. Therefore, there are welding gases on the 
market containing different amounts of CO2 mixed with argon. Linde AG gave 
it the brand name of CORGON. For all other metals including stainless steel 
welding a pure inert gas is used, preferably argon because of the low 
price. It is obtained in the process of air liquefying as a byproduct. That 
means, it should cost nothing at all because air is actually liquefied to 
obtain liquid oxygen and nitrogen:-)
2.) Thermite is a mixture or aluminium powder and iron oxides. When 
kindled, It develops temperatures above 3000 degrees C (5400 F) by burning 
(oxidizing) the Alu and in turn reducing the iron oxides to metallic iron 
with sufficient surplus energy to melt this iron at the instant and even 
melt the surrounding substances such as railway tracks. However, the 
thermite mix can't be started with a simple match, so a small strip of 
magnesium sheet is used as an iginiter. Alu is so reactive and, at the same 
time, safe, that today, it's the main component of rock blasting.
3.) CO2 is a common fire extinguishing agent especially for strange and 
rare combustibles. It can't give off oxygen at the temperatures considered. 
It is, however, dangerous for alll personell around and, at least 
hereabouts, there must be a alarm time before the CO2 cylinders are fired. 
This delay might be detrimetal to the success of fire extinguishing. Some 
substances like thermite can't be extinguished because they carry their 
oxygen inside.
4.) I don't think there is much use in applying mist to machine tools. 
There is way too little effect compared with flooding. Modern lathes and 
mills are capsuled and coolant is directed with high pressure from as many 
of 10 to 20 nozzles from all directions onto the tools. This makes it 
possible to mill stainless steel with, say, 15.000 rpm or Alu with up to 
100.000. I bought a CNC mill some years ago and all the elder statesmen in 
the shop shook their heads when they first saw what happened. Point is: the 
machine adjusts its speed automatically to tool diameter and material to be 
processed, and all the workers, with their lifetime experience, believed 
that the machine must be in error and the tools won't make it longer than 
an hour.
5.) I can't see what all this has to do with electronic machine control...:-)))

Greeting from Germany

Peter Blodow
Dipl.-Phys.

(and don't call me wise guy, I used to be the head of a rather special 
scientific work shop for more than 30 years)


At 12:04 21.11.2009, you wrote:
>On Saturday 21 November 2009, Erik Christiansen wrote:
> >On Fri, Nov 20, 2009 at 05:10:18PM +, Leslie Newell wrote:
> >> Carbon dioxide is 66% oxygen (CO2). As aluminum is very active it will
> >> strip oxygen out of the CO2. That is also the reason why you should
> >> never use a CO2 fire extinguisher on magnesium fires.
> >
> >However, it is extensively used in fire extinguishers precisely because
> >it does not give up its oxygen even at hundreds of degrees C. I'm not
> >sure of how many thousand degrees magnesium burns at, but it is more
> >than 1500, because thermite (magnesium and iron oxide) combustion melts
> >the iron produced by the reduction of the iron oxide.
> >
> >If the cutting operation is hot enough to dissociate CO2, then there'd
> >better not be any oil about, especially as mist, unless Gene has his
> >detonation-deadening earmuffs on tight. ;-)
> >
> >Wikipedia appears to be self-contradicting:
> >
> >"Carbon dioxide also finds use as an atmosphere for welding, although in
> >the welding arc, it reacts to oxidize most metals."
> >
> >The closest I've come in a quick search is:
> >
> >http://www.hitech-inst.co.uk/pdfs/technical/heat_treatment.pdf which
> >says:
> >
> >"The graph shows cell output against carbon monoxide/carbon dioxide
> >ratio. this is plotted at 634°C and 812°C, ..."
> >
> >i.e. CO2 is still so completely undissociated at 812°C that ratios can
> >be measured for metallurgical analysis. So the aluminium would melt
> >long before the CO2 dissociated to any measurable degree.
> >
> >Erik
>
>True, but those temps are not the temps of the arc, by about a factor of 10.
>My single sample that was badly decomposed, blackened and porous, I blamed on
>the 75% argon/25% co2 in the shielding gas I had.  I theorized that the o2
>was used up by the alu's reaction, leaving the c to blacken and contaminate
>the alu puddle.  I resolved to get some purer argon, but locally it is not
>available.  The mixed b

Re: [Emc-users] How Exactly does a Mister Work

[Jeshua Lacock]

On Nov 21, 2009, at 4:40 AM, Gene Heskett wrote:

>>> s/infinity/affinity :)
>>
>> Doh! So much for trying to sound intelligent!
>
> Or ENOTENOUGHCAFFIENE, it is quite early here and the pot hasn't  
> been started
> yet. Its purely accidental that I caught that this time of the  
> morning.
> Diabetic, up to pee, and I don't care how old you are, its an  
> unwritten rule
> that if you want to keep your geek credentials you have to check  
> your email
> before going back to bed. ;-)

Ahahahaah!

>> :P
>> :
 Note that titanium dioxide takes a great deal more energy to  
 sustain
 an exothermic reaction compared to iron oxide, so the use of a
 catalyst is required.
>>>
>>> Interesting Jeshua, and the catalyst used was?
>>
>> Thanks Gene!
>>
>> I have used both potassium perchlorate (KClO4) and calcium sulphate
>> (eg drywall, plaster of paris or gypsum). Drywall is much more  
>> readily
>> available and safer to handle (KClO4 is a carcinogen).
>
> So is some chinese drywall ;)

You're funny Gene!

>> It is a really interesting reaction - it is like Thermite in slow
>> motion. Here is what the alumina (slag) looked like about 20 minutes
>> after starting the titanium reaction:
>>
>> 
>
> And it took 20 minutes to reach that state?  Wow!

Exactly!

> And I assume the titanium
> was suitably 'cast' once the reaction was used up & things cooled.

Yes, that was actually the end of the reaction so it had slowed down  
quite a bit (but it was still going) than the actual burning stage.  
When a titanium reaction is going, you get white sparks flying - a lot  
like sparklers.

Note that you also add fluorite to make the titanium flow better. Here  
are percents to use by weight:

Titanium dioxide 30.0%
Drywall 25.5%
Aluminium powder 27.0%
Ground fluorite 17.5%

> What does
> one use for a casting mold/crucible material at those sorts of temps?


Graphite and water cooled copper molds work great. Copper molds are  
pretty easy to cast using lost foam or machined. Graphite is easy to  
machine (messy though!).

My first attempt was in olivine sand, and I had about 1/2 inch layer  
of black quartz fused around the casting!


Best,

Jeshua Lacock
Founder/Programmer
3DTOPO Incorporated

Phone: 208.462.4171


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Re: [Emc-users] How Exactly does a Mister Work

[Jeshua Lacock]

On Nov 21, 2009, at 4:40 AM, Gene Heskett wrote:

> And it took 20 minutes to reach that state?  Wow!  And I assume the  
> titanium
> was suitably 'cast' once the reaction was used up & things cooled.   
> What does
> one use for a casting mold/crucible material at those sorts of temps?


P.S.

One of the beauties of casting with aluminothermic reactions is there  
is no crucible used (or furnace)!

You plug the sprue (entry) going to the mold cavity with a thin sheet  
of metal (that is melted once the molten metal reaches it), and put  
the chemical on top. The slag melts to the top and the metal drains  
out into the mold


Best,

Jeshua Lacock
Founder/Programmer
3DTOPO Incorporated

Phone: 208.462.4171


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Re: [Emc-users] How Exactly does a Mister Work

[Gene Heskett]

On Saturday 21 November 2009, Jeshua Lacock wrote:
>On Nov 21, 2009, at 4:11 AM, Gene Heskett wrote:
>>> Generically speaking, Thermite is referred to an "aluminothermic"
>>> reaction. It is aluminum's high infinity for oxygen that strips the
>>> oxygen away from the iron oxide.
>>
>> s/infinity/affinity :)
>
>Doh! So much for trying to sound intelligent!

Or ENOTENOUGHCAFFIENE, it is quite early here and the pot hasn't been started 
yet. Its purely accidental that I caught that this time of the morning.  
Diabetic, up to pee, and I don't care how old you are, its an unwritten rule 
that if you want to keep your geek credentials you have to check your email 
before going back to bed. ;-)

>:P
>:
>>> Note that titanium dioxide takes a great deal more energy to sustain
>>> an exothermic reaction compared to iron oxide, so the use of a
>>> catalyst is required.
>>
>> Interesting Jeshua, and the catalyst used was?
>
>Thanks Gene!
>
>I have used both potassium perchlorate (KClO4) and calcium sulphate
>(eg drywall, plaster of paris or gypsum). Drywall is much more readily
>available and safer to handle (KClO4 is a carcinogen).

So is some chinese drywall ;)

>It is a really interesting reaction - it is like Thermite in slow
>motion. Here is what the alumina (slag) looked like about 20 minutes
>after starting the titanium reaction:
>
>

And it took 20 minutes to reach that state?  Wow!  And I assume the titanium 
was suitably 'cast' once the reaction was used up & things cooled.  What does 
one use for a casting mold/crucible material at those sorts of temps?

>Best,
>
>Jeshua Lacock
>Founder/Programmer
>3DTOPO Incorporated
>
>Phone: 208.462.4171
>
>
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Re: [Emc-users] How Exactly does a Mister Work

[Erik Christiansen]

On Sat, Nov 21, 2009 at 03:25:01AM -0700, Jeshua Lacock wrote:
> 
> On Nov 21, 2009, at 3:03 AM, Erik Christiansen wrote:
> 
> > On Fri, Nov 20, 2009 at 05:10:18PM +, Leslie Newell wrote:
> >> Carbon dioxide is 66% oxygen (CO2). As aluminum is very active it  
> >> will
> >> strip oxygen out of the CO2. That is also the reason why you should
> >> never use a CO2 fire extinguisher on magnesium fires.
> >
> > However, it is extensively used in fire extinguishers precisely  
> > because
> > it does not give up its oxygen even at hundreds of degrees C. I'm not
> > sure of how many thousand degrees magnesium burns at, but it is more
> > than 1500, because thermite (magnesium and iron oxide) combustion  
> > melts
> > the iron produced by the reduction of the iron oxide.
> 
> 
> Correction: "Thermite" is actually a name brand which is a mixture of  
> aluminum and iron oxide.

You are so right. A bit of magnesium ribbon can be used to start the
reaction. Please forgive the typo.

> Generically speaking, Thermite is referred to an "aluminothermic"  
> reaction. It is aluminum's high infinity for oxygen that strips the  
> oxygen away from the iron oxide.
> 
> I am sure you could also burn (exothermic reaction) magnesium with  
> iron oxide, however, that would result in such rapid combustion it  
> would cause an explosion.

Your correction of the record is important in that light, and I don't
doubt the conclusion. (I've seen photographs of the severely burned arms
of a handyman who used a narrow belt sander on rusty iron after his son
had used it on aluminium/magnesium alloy. There was an instantaneous
incandescent flash, and the skin hung somewhat loosely from his arms.)

> I have actually casted iron, steel, nickel, chromium, ferrotitanium,  
> and even titanium using aluminothermic reactions (you use the oxide  
> for the metal that you want - like titanium dioxide for titanium). It  
> is fascinating stuff!

I've only seen it used to weld railway line lengths together. I like to
stand well back. The other uses are very intriguing.

Erik

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Re: [Emc-users] How Exactly does a Mister Work

[Jeshua Lacock]

On Nov 21, 2009, at 4:11 AM, Gene Heskett wrote:

>> Generically speaking, Thermite is referred to an "aluminothermic"
>> reaction. It is aluminum's high infinity for oxygen that strips the
>> oxygen away from the iron oxide.
>
> s/infinity/affinity :)

Doh! So much for trying to sound intelligent!

:P

>> Note that titanium dioxide takes a great deal more energy to sustain
>> an exothermic reaction compared to iron oxide, so the use of a
>> catalyst is required.
>
> Interesting Jeshua, and the catalyst used was?


Thanks Gene!

I have used both potassium perchlorate (KClO4) and calcium sulphate  
(eg drywall, plaster of paris or gypsum). Drywall is much more readily  
available and safer to handle (KClO4 is a carcinogen).

It is a really interesting reaction - it is like Thermite in slow  
motion. Here is what the alumina (slag) looked like about 20 minutes  
after starting the titanium reaction:




Best,

Jeshua Lacock
Founder/Programmer
3DTOPO Incorporated

Phone: 208.462.4171


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Re: [Emc-users] How Exactly does a Mister Work

[Gene Heskett]

On Saturday 21 November 2009, Jeshua Lacock wrote:
>On Nov 21, 2009, at 3:03 AM, Erik Christiansen wrote:
>> On Fri, Nov 20, 2009 at 05:10:18PM +, Leslie Newell wrote:
>>> Carbon dioxide is 66% oxygen (CO2). As aluminum is very active it
>>> will
>>> strip oxygen out of the CO2. That is also the reason why you should
>>> never use a CO2 fire extinguisher on magnesium fires.
>>
>> However, it is extensively used in fire extinguishers precisely
>> because
>> it does not give up its oxygen even at hundreds of degrees C. I'm not
>> sure of how many thousand degrees magnesium burns at, but it is more
>> than 1500, because thermite (magnesium and iron oxide) combustion
>> melts
>> the iron produced by the reduction of the iron oxide.
>
>Correction: "Thermite" is actually a name brand which is a mixture of
>aluminum and iron oxide.
>
>Generically speaking, Thermite is referred to an "aluminothermic"
>reaction. It is aluminum's high infinity for oxygen that strips the
>oxygen away from the iron oxide.

s/infinity/affinity :)

>I am sure you could also burn (exothermic reaction) magnesium with
>iron oxide, however, that would result in such rapid combustion it
>would cause an explosion.
>
>I have actually casted iron, steel, nickel, chromium, ferrotitanium,
>and even titanium using aluminothermic reactions (you use the oxide
>for the metal that you want - like titanium dioxide for titanium). It
>is fascinating stuff!
>
>Note that titanium dioxide takes a great deal more energy to sustain
>an exothermic reaction compared to iron oxide, so the use of a
>catalyst is required.

Interesting Jeshua, and the catalyst used was?

>
>Cheers,
>
>Jeshua Lacock
>Founder/Programmer
>3DTOPO Incorporated
>
>Phone: 208.462.4171

-- 
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 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
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Re: [Emc-users] How Exactly does a Mister Work

[Gene Heskett]

On Saturday 21 November 2009, Erik Christiansen wrote:
>On Fri, Nov 20, 2009 at 05:10:18PM +, Leslie Newell wrote:
>> Carbon dioxide is 66% oxygen (CO2). As aluminum is very active it will
>> strip oxygen out of the CO2. That is also the reason why you should
>> never use a CO2 fire extinguisher on magnesium fires.
>
>However, it is extensively used in fire extinguishers precisely because
>it does not give up its oxygen even at hundreds of degrees C. I'm not
>sure of how many thousand degrees magnesium burns at, but it is more
>than 1500, because thermite (magnesium and iron oxide) combustion melts
>the iron produced by the reduction of the iron oxide.
>
>If the cutting operation is hot enough to dissociate CO2, then there'd
>better not be any oil about, especially as mist, unless Gene has his
>detonation-deadening earmuffs on tight. ;-)
>
>Wikipedia appears to be self-contradicting:
>
>"Carbon dioxide also finds use as an atmosphere for welding, although in
>the welding arc, it reacts to oxidize most metals."
>
>The closest I've come in a quick search is:
>
>http://www.hitech-inst.co.uk/pdfs/technical/heat_treatment.pdf which
>says:
>
>"The graph shows cell output against carbon monoxide/carbon dioxide
>ratio. this is plotted at 634°C and 812°C, ..."
>
>i.e. CO2 is still so completely undissociated at 812°C that ratios can
>be measured for metallurgical analysis. So the aluminium would melt
>long before the CO2 dissociated to any measurable degree.
>
>Erik

True, but those temps are not the temps of the arc, by about a factor of 10.  
My single sample that was badly decomposed, blackened and porous, I blamed on 
the 75% argon/25% co2 in the shielding gas I had.  I theorized that the o2 
was used up by the alu's reaction, leaving the c to blacken and contaminate 
the alu puddle.  I resolved to get some purer argon, but locally it is not 
available.  The mixed bottle, about 4" in diameter and maybe 18" tall, is 
$125 at TSC.  Samson's in Clarksburg are similarly priced.  And that makes it 
a very expensive toy for me.  One that I only drag out when there is no other 
choice.

-- 
Cheers, Gene
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
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Re: [Emc-users] How Exactly does a Mister Work

[Michael Buesch]

On Saturday 21 November 2009 11:03:23 Erik Christiansen wrote:
> If the cutting operation is hot enough to dissociate CO2, then there'd
> better not be any oil about, especially as mist, unless Gene has his
> detonation-deadening earmuffs on tight. ;-)

If the heat produced by the cutting operation is able to dissociate CO2, you
have a freaking _serious_ problem anyway.
CO2 extinguishers are successfully used in Mg/Al cutting environments that use
oilmist. There is _no_ problem with that in practice. Yeah, you can say: But
if in theory the Mg fire is able to dissociate the O from the CO2, you're
screwed... . But in practice it doesn't happen. At least not that much that
it matters. Hell, the Mg-oil mist is burning. We don't care if a few CO2 
molecules
are broken up by that. A CO2-filled machining room is _way_ better in that
situation than an air-filled room (which has a _lot_ more free oxygen in it).
You could say that an inert-gas filled room would be even better, but it simply
does not matter that much in practice.

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Re: [Emc-users] How Exactly does a Mister Work

[Jeshua Lacock]

On Nov 21, 2009, at 3:03 AM, Erik Christiansen wrote:

> On Fri, Nov 20, 2009 at 05:10:18PM +, Leslie Newell wrote:
>> Carbon dioxide is 66% oxygen (CO2). As aluminum is very active it  
>> will
>> strip oxygen out of the CO2. That is also the reason why you should
>> never use a CO2 fire extinguisher on magnesium fires.
>
> However, it is extensively used in fire extinguishers precisely  
> because
> it does not give up its oxygen even at hundreds of degrees C. I'm not
> sure of how many thousand degrees magnesium burns at, but it is more
> than 1500, because thermite (magnesium and iron oxide) combustion  
> melts
> the iron produced by the reduction of the iron oxide.


Correction: "Thermite" is actually a name brand which is a mixture of  
aluminum and iron oxide.

Generically speaking, Thermite is referred to an "aluminothermic"  
reaction. It is aluminum's high infinity for oxygen that strips the  
oxygen away from the iron oxide.

I am sure you could also burn (exothermic reaction) magnesium with  
iron oxide, however, that would result in such rapid combustion it  
would cause an explosion.

I have actually casted iron, steel, nickel, chromium, ferrotitanium,  
and even titanium using aluminothermic reactions (you use the oxide  
for the metal that you want - like titanium dioxide for titanium). It  
is fascinating stuff!

Note that titanium dioxide takes a great deal more energy to sustain  
an exothermic reaction compared to iron oxide, so the use of a  
catalyst is required.


Cheers,

Jeshua Lacock
Founder/Programmer
3DTOPO Incorporated

Phone: 208.462.4171


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Re: [Emc-users] How Exactly does a Mister Work

[Erik Christiansen]

On Fri, Nov 20, 2009 at 05:10:18PM +, Leslie Newell wrote:
> Carbon dioxide is 66% oxygen (CO2). As aluminum is very active it will 
> strip oxygen out of the CO2. That is also the reason why you should 
> never use a CO2 fire extinguisher on magnesium fires.

However, it is extensively used in fire extinguishers precisely because
it does not give up its oxygen even at hundreds of degrees C. I'm not
sure of how many thousand degrees magnesium burns at, but it is more
than 1500, because thermite (magnesium and iron oxide) combustion melts
the iron produced by the reduction of the iron oxide.

If the cutting operation is hot enough to dissociate CO2, then there'd
better not be any oil about, especially as mist, unless Gene has his
detonation-deadening earmuffs on tight. ;-)

Wikipedia appears to be self-contradicting:

"Carbon dioxide also finds use as an atmosphere for welding, although in
the welding arc, it reacts to oxidize most metals."

The closest I've come in a quick search is:

http://www.hitech-inst.co.uk/pdfs/technical/heat_treatment.pdf which
says:

"The graph shows cell output against carbon monoxide/carbon dioxide
ratio. this is plotted at 634°C and 812°C, ..."

i.e. CO2 is still so completely undissociated at 812°C that ratios can
be measured for metallurgical analysis. So the aluminium would melt
long before the CO2 dissociated to any measurable degree. 

Erik

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Re: [Emc-users] Help with custom GS2_vfd module

[Peter Homann]

Hi,

The problem is that the protocol used by the Huanyang HY02D223B is not Modbus 
compliant. As I believe it, the implementers of the Modbus software in the VFD 
have not understood the Modbus spec, and incorrectly implemented. it.

 From a post on the Machsupport forum I wrote;
http://www.machsupport.com/forum/index.php/topic,10300.0.html

--
Yes the spec (Huanyang) says the modbus serial pdu contains

Address
Function Code
Data
CRC

BUT, you need to see what the definition of the Data field contains for each 
function code. For that you need to look at the document

http://www.modbus.org/docs/Modbus_Application_Protocol_V1_1b.pdf

For instance Function code 03 (Read holding registers) on page 15 shows the 
Data field contains 2 sub-fields as shown below.

Data.starting address2 bytes  =  0x - 0x
Data.quantity of Registers  2 bytes =  0x - 0x7D


And, the Data field in the response to this contains;

Data.bute count   1 byte =  2 x N
Data.register valuess  N x 2 bytes  = 0x - 0x

where N is the quantity of registers.
-

Basically, they have stuffed up the implementation.

That said you could write something to talk to the Huanyang.

Cheers,

Peter.


Kirk Wallace wrote:
> On Sat, 2009-05-02 at 09:57 +, Jayson Wallis wrote:
>> Hi All,
>>
>> I am currently at wits end and need some help from some people more
>> knowledgeable than I.
>>
>> For the past 2 weeks I have been trying to customize GS2_vfd.c (as
>> well as modbus.c/.h) to work with my VFD which is a Huanyang
>> HY02D223B. (The manual is on CNCzone
>> http://www.cnczone.com/forums/attachment.php?attachmentid=79285&d=1239132143)
>>
>> Since I have only ever programmed in basic and that is only PicMicros,
>> I am finding this exceptionally difficult.  I have managed to fool
>> (butcher) with it plenty and get an output that would probably work if
>> I could only decipher how to read the input.  I am sure that I have
>> gone about it all wrong and was wondering if anyone had a modified
>> driver that was more suited to my requirements.
>>
>> My VFD takes single requests and replies with single answers that is I
>> can only read one thing at a time.  
>>
>> To Read the programmed Frequency I need to send
>> [01][04][03][00][00][00][F0][4E]
>>
>> [01] Slave address [04] read control status [03] request length [00]
>> read set Frequency [00 and 00] extra request padding [F0 4E] CRC
>>
>> Generating the reply of
>> [01][04][03][00][03][E8][F0][F0] corresponding to 10.00Hz
>>
>> If I want to know the frequency out of the vfd  I send
>> [01][04][03][01][00][00][A1][8E] 
>> out amps is [01][04][03][02][00][00][51][8E] etc etc, until I have all
>> the values required
>>
>> 2 of the control requests are as follows
>> sent [01][03][01][08][F1][8E] Drive Stop
>> received [01][03][01][09][30][4E]
>>
>> send [01][03][01][01][31][88] Drive run
>> receive [01][03][01][00][F0][48]
>>
>> and to set the run frequency of the drive I send
>> [01][05][03][03][E8][00][73][8E] Set drive frequency 10.00 Hz
>> receive [01][05][02][03][E8][B8][72]
>> [01][05][03][13][88][00][5A][4B] set drive frequency 50.00 Hz
>> receive [01][05][02][13][88][B5][9A]
>>
>> I though that I could nut this out so that I didn't have to bother
>> anyone but this is driving me crazy.  I tried to modify the classic
>> ladder modbus routine also but had no luck with that either.  If
>> someone has a stripped down version of the GS2 files that I may have
>> better luck with I would greatly appreciate it.
>>
>> Thanks,
>>
>> Jayson.
>>
>> (Horsham, Australia)
>>
> I probably don't have a good answer, but I am a little unclear as to how
> your program is not working. Are you able to send and receive Modbus
> packets? Are the transactions above what you actually got in a buffer
> somewhere? If not, I seem to recall that I chose a command that only
> needed a valid send packet to get an indication on the remote end, which
> was to turn on an LED on a ModIO:
> http://www.homanndesigns.com/ModIO.html
> 
> The problems I had where in understanding the peculiarities of the
> serial port and getting a handle on how CRC is implemented. I used a lot
> of printf's in my program:
> http://www.wallacecompany.com/machine_shop/EMC2/modbus/read_Din-1b.c 
> 
> to make sure that the program progressed as planned.
> 
> I found the Modbus specifications helpful:
> http://www.modbus.org/docs/Modbus_Application_Protocol_V1_1b.pdf 
> http://www.modbus.org/docs/Modbus_over_serial_line_V1_02.pdf 
> 
> ( http://www.wallacecompany.com/machine_shop/EMC2/modbus/ )
> 
> I don't recall how far I got with this, but I seem to recall that I was
> successful with turning on an LED and reading the status of a digital
> input. I haven't gotten any further because I just don't have the time
> and the programming skill.
> 
> If you can describe any results that turned out differe