Re: [Emc-users] 5-axis table-table kinematics: G54 offsets (Andy Pugh)

2011-12-27 Thread Viesturs Lācis
2011/12/27 Rudy du Preez r...@asmsa.co.za:
 I am confused with G54 to G59. Look at the following code and run it on a
 simulation setup with Axis C rotation added:

 G10 L2 P1 x0  y0  C0
 G10 L2 P2 x10 y10 C0
 G10 L2 P3 x0  y0  C-45

 o100 sub
 G0 x25 y0
 G1 x30 f200
 G1 y5
 G1 x25
 G1 y0
 o100 endsub

 g54 G0 x0 y0 C0
 o100 call
 g55 G0 x0 y0 C0
 o100 call
 g56 G0 x0 y0 C0
 o100 call

 G54 x0 y0 C0
 m30

 In trivial kinematics it does three squares, the first one in untransformed
 coordinates, the second one with a shift of origin to x10 y10, and the 3rd
 one with a rotational shift of -45 degrees. All seems as expected.

Good to hear. So do I understand that the issue is solved?


 In world mode of a 4-axis system, with the inverse kinematics:

  joints[0] = cos(C)*x - sin(C)*y;   joints[1] = sin(C)*x + cos(C)*y

 and forward kinematics:

  x = cos(C)*joints[0] + sin(C)*joints[1];  y = -sin(C)*joints[0] +
 cos[C]*joints[1]

 it does the first and second squares in the same way as with trivialkins,
 but the 3rd square is placed in the original world coordinate position, even
 though the C-axis has been turned -45 degrees.

 My question is: why does the G55 shift work the same but not the G56?

Short answer to Your last question - because You are screwing it up.

For a longer answer to Your question I would urge You to return to my
initial question - to disclose full information of what You did and
what results did You obtain. The same goes here:
1) from Your email I do not understand, if You have noticed, that it
is completely different kinematics module. And I am sure that You
definitely have not noticed that it's goal is to _simulate_ rotary
table.
2) You have not said, if You did load rotatekins with appropriate line
in Your HAL file - if the module is not loaded, You cannot expect it
to work :)
3) You copied out 2 lines of totally different kinematics module and
ignored everything else. So I would like You to take account _all_
lines that are in rotatekins forward and inverse kinematics:
http://git.linuxcnc.org/gitweb?p=emc2.git;a=blob;f=src/emc/kinematics/rotatekins.c

  18 int kinematicsForward(const double *joints,
  19   EmcPose * pos,
  20   const KINEMATICS_FORWARD_FLAGS * fflags,
  21   KINEMATICS_INVERSE_FLAGS * iflags)
  22 {
  23 double c_rad = -joints[5]*M_PI/180;
  24 pos-tran.x = joints[0] * cos(c_rad) - joints[1] * sin(c_rad);
  25 pos-tran.y = joints[0] * sin(c_rad) + joints[1] * cos(c_rad);
  26 pos-tran.z = joints[2];
  27 pos-a = joints[3];
  28 pos-b = joints[4];
  29 pos-c = joints[5];
  30 pos-u = joints[6];
  31 pos-v = joints[7];
  32 pos-w = joints[8];
  33
  34 return 0;
  35 }
  36
  37 int kinematicsInverse(const EmcPose * pos,
  38   double *joints,
  39   const KINEMATICS_INVERSE_FLAGS * iflags,
  40   KINEMATICS_FORWARD_FLAGS * fflags)
  41 {
  42 double c_rad = pos-c*M_PI/180;
  43 joints[0] = pos-tran.x * cos(c_rad) - pos-tran.y * sin(c_rad);
  44 joints[1] = pos-tran.x * sin(c_rad) + pos-tran.y * cos(c_rad);
  45 joints[2] = pos-tran.z;
  46 joints[3] = pos-a;
  47 joints[4] = pos-b;
  48 joints[5] = pos-c;
  49 joints[6] = pos-u;
  50 joints[7] = pos-v;
  51 joints[8] = pos-w;
  52
  53 return 0;


It is not very hard to notice, that in forward kinematics in c_rad
definition there is minussign before joint[5] value. And from
inverse kins we see that joints[5] = pos-c.
What does it all mean? It means that both rotations cancel each other
out and that is why You would not get any rotation. As the description
of that kinematics module says: Simple example kinematics for a
rotary table in software. It is not meant to be used with machines,
which do actually have rotary table.

So if I understand correctly, You already have a working solution with
trivkins. Is that correct?

Viesturs

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Re: [Emc-users] Another off the wall thought

2011-12-27 Thread Mark Wendt
On 12/26/2011 12:34 PM, gene heskett wrote:


 I guess I've finally reached that age where everything I like is either
 illegal, fattening, or immoral. Sigh...

Or broken...  ;-)


 Cheers, Gene

mark


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Re: [Emc-users] Servo drive?

2011-12-27 Thread Viesturs Lācis
2011/12/23 Viesturs Lācis viesturs.la...@gmail.com:
 Hello, gentlemen!

 I have 3 servo motors and I am looking for appropriate servo drives for them.
 I managed to get a technical specification of my servo motors:


 Motor type: T3-0130-60-560
 Winding number: 01-00111

 Rated Speed: 6000 min^-1
 DC Bus Voltage: 560 V
 Nominal AC Voltage: 330 V
 Rated Motor Voltage: 309 V
 Rated Torque: 1,00 Nm
 Rated AC Current: 1,40 A
 Stall Torque: 1,30 Nm
 Stall AC Current: 1,67 A
 Peak Torque: 5,2 Nm
 Peak Current: 7,2 A
 Max. Speed: 12000 min^-1
 EMF Constant: 47,0 V/1000
 Torque Constant: 0,78 Nm/A
 Terminal Resistance: 12,7 Ω
 Terminal Inductance: 21,5 mH
 Number of poles: 6

 El. Time Constant: 1,7 ms
 Mech. Time Constant: 2,4 ms
 Thermal Time Constant: 30 min
 Rotor Inertia: 0,65 kg*cm^2


Can any one suggest me, what is the rated power of these motors?
I thought that it is calculated this way:
Rated power = rated voltage * rated current

Andy Pugh told me that motor power could be calculated also this way:
Power = 2 x pi x torque x rps

How do they actually calculate that?

Thanks in advance!

Viesturs

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Re: [Emc-users] Another off the wall thought

2011-12-27 Thread gene heskett
On Tuesday, December 27, 2011 11:52:23 AM Mark Wendt did opine:

 On 12/26/2011 12:34 PM, gene heskett wrote:
  I guess I've finally reached that age where everything I like is
  either illegal, fattening, or immoral. Sigh...
 
 Or broken...  ;-)
 
Well, with my sugar, I'd prefer to call it worn out.  :)

  Cheers, Gene
 
 mark

Looking at the current integrators manual, encoder modules pages, I am 
wondering how hard it would be to develop a stop signal that would be a 
combination of the spindle not on, but getting output from the encoder 
indicating the spindle is still coasting at some very slow speed?

I'd like to be able to sequence the following set of spindle states:
1. Spindle off, nothing from the encoder = false
2. Spindle enabled, nothing from encoder in 50ms or so = e-stop error true
3. Spindle on, pulses from encoder = false
4. Spindle off, pulses from encoder = true

So that is 2 signals, one of which goes to the e-stop, the other to enable 
a relay that will feed maybe 2 amps dc through the motor to effect a 
'suicide braking' effect on the motor for as long as its turning even if 
the spindle is being positioned by hand.

The idea would be to achieve the quickest reversal of the spindle motor of 
this lathe I'll buy in the next couple of months, so the sequence in the g-
code would go something like this:

Hit end of fwd threading motion loop programed,
stop spindle,
which will make condition 4 true,
back out x by .1,
make interpreter wait until condition 4 above = false, the spindle has 
effectively stopped.
enable spindle in reverse to retract to start of thread, with z following 
the encoder in all cases, or...

It might be better if z stopped following spindle lock at the stop point, 
then became locked again, when the spindle has retraced to that point in 
the reverse direction.  This would prevent digging into an adjacent, larger 
diameter section at the end of the loop while x is retracting and the 
spindle hasn't quite stopped.

I have no clue just yet, if hal can actually sequence such a scenario or 
not, so much study of my fresh manual printout will need to be done.  If it 
can't, no use me spinning my wheels.

Or, since threading is dependent on the index pulse to synch z to spindle 
anyway, would it actually be better to just stop/unlock z, retract x, 
retract z to start, then lock on the next index pulse to start the next 
cut?  I can't see this as workable unless the entry of the thread is at 
least a turn out into empty space just to let z accelerate and get in step 
since there will be a large following error at the start.

Not having any really effective way to speed adjust this induction motor so 
the spindle can be effectively stopped in the last 1/4 turn to the end 
point, from perhaps 1000 rpm when doing small threads, may be making the 
problem worse in my mind than it is in practice.

Discussion?  Or should I spend umpty bucks for a 1.5 hp vfd  toss this 1 
hp motor into the pile in the corner to run a cooling fan someday?  
Googling says this option starts at about $400 for 1.5hp, rising rapidly.

Cheers, Gene
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Re: [Emc-users] 5-axis table-table kinematics: G54 offsets (Viesturs)

2011-12-27 Thread Rudy du Preez
Viesturs

No I did not screw it up. My kinematics equations are an abstract from a
full XYZACkins program with dx,dy,and dz axis offsets, which have been
tested and has worked for a long time cutting impellers and other stuff. I
wanted to keep it simple to address the issue of G54, to G59 offsets.

What you did not notice are the signs of the sin(C) functions. It is a well
known fact that sin(-C) = -sin(c)
And cos(-C) = cos(C). I think my  XYACkins is correct. It is the same as
rotatekins when A, dx, dy and dz is zero.

I want to be able to use offsets of C (and possibly A) while in world mode.
Whereas it works OK in joint coordinates with trivkins, it seems to function
differently in world mode using XYZCkins. My example code in the previous
mail explained all that.

Try the example code with rotatekins and trivkins and see what you get. 

Rudy


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Re: [Emc-users] Another off the wall thought

2011-12-27 Thread andy pugh
On 27 December 2011 17:53, gene heskett ghesk...@wdtv.com wrote:
 Not having any really effective way to speed adjust this induction motor so
 the spindle can be effectively stopped in the last 1/4 turn to the end
 point, from perhaps 1000 rpm when doing small threads, may be making the
 problem worse in my mind than it is in practice.

Indeed you are. G76 simply stops moving in Z, rapids out, and returns
to the start of the thread. No need to stop/start the spindle. You get
a partial-turn run-out at the end of the thread, but the full thread
can go basically as close to the shoulder as you dare.

-- 
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Re: [Emc-users] Another off the wall thought

2011-12-27 Thread gene heskett
On Tuesday, December 27, 2011 01:46:39 PM andy pugh did opine:

 On 27 December 2011 17:53, gene heskett ghesk...@wdtv.com wrote:
  Not having any really effective way to speed adjust this induction
  motor so the spindle can be effectively stopped in the last 1/4 turn
  to the end point, from perhaps 1000 rpm when doing small threads, may
  be making the problem worse in my mind than it is in practice.
 
 Indeed you are. G76 simply stops moving in Z, rapids out, and returns
 to the start of the thread. No need to stop/start the spindle. You get
 a partial-turn run-out at the end of the thread, but the full thread
 can go basically as close to the shoulder as you dare.

That is good Andy, so its obvious I am looking at the wrong book.  I need 
to setup 2 libraries I guess.  I'll see if I can fix that, its time I did 
some housecleaning in the shop anyway.  I'd like to get rid of a radial arm 
saw, its oversized table is nothing but a mess collector and has been since 
I got a table saw about 8 or 9 years ago.

Its a 10 Dewalt, decent shape, runs fine  smooth but probably 35 YO, 
somebody make me an offer and help me carry it to your vehicle, please!

Cheers, Gene
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 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order.
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Re: [Emc-users] 5-axis table-table kinematics: G54 offsets (Viesturs)

2011-12-27 Thread andy pugh
On 27 December 2011 18:38, Rudy du Preez r...@asmsa.co.za wrote:

 I want to be able to use offsets of C (and possibly A) while in world mode.
 Whereas it works OK in joint coordinates with trivkins, it seems to function
 differently in world mode using XYZCkins

What does XYZCkins do that trivkins doesn't? Is it creating a virtual
C-axis, or do you have a physical one?
I assume by your statement that you see a rotation in your example in
trivkins that you are talking about a physical C-axis?

I am nowhere near my EMC2 machines until the 3rd, so this is conjecture but:

I am fairly sure that coordinate system offsets are stored as an axis
set, not a joint set. If you can run a non-trivial mechanism with
cartesian offsets then that suggests that all the numbers inside the
kins module are un-offset machine coordinates, and that G54 et al are
added on post-kins. (and subtracted in the inverse kins). This may
have a bearing on your assumptions.

-- 
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Re: [Emc-users] 5-axis table-table kinematics: G54 offsets (Viesturs)

2011-12-27 Thread Viesturs Lācis
2011/12/27 Rudy du Preez r...@asmsa.co.za:

 I want to be able to use offsets of C (and possibly A) while in world mode.
 Whereas it works OK in joint coordinates with trivkins, it seems to function
 differently in world mode using XYZCkins. My example code in the previous
 mail explained all that.

Then I do not understand, what exactly is the problem.
You wrote that You have a 5 axis machine.
You have not explained, how the kinematics of the machine are designed
- are rotary joints tilting the tool or table etc.
You mentioned that everything is fine with trivkins, I explicitly
asked about it in my last email, but You did not answer.

Just like Andy, I do not understand, why exactly You do not want to
stay with trivkins. Where exactly is the problem?

BTW trivkins is using kinematics_identity which renders Your
statement that it works OK in joint coordinates with trivkins to be
false as there is no joint mode in trivkins:
http://git.linuxcnc.org/gitweb?p=emc2.git;a=blob;f=src/emc/kinematics/trivkins.c
  67 KINEMATICS_TYPE kinematicsType()
  68 {
  69 return KINEMATICS_IDENTITY;
  70 }


I am afraid that none of EMC users can give You detailed answer, if
You do not share Your details. Starting with Your machine (preferably
in pictures).

Viesturs

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Re: [Emc-users] Another off the wall thought

2011-12-27 Thread Dave Caroline
 Its a 10 Dewalt, decent shape, runs fine  smooth but probably 35 YO,
 somebody make me an offer and help me carry it to your vehicle, please!

I used one of the DeWalt over arm saws way back in the early 1970's
post it to me for free (UK) :)

Last time I looked they dont seem to be making them anymore.

I used to cut aluminium section for lorry tipper bodies with it. It
was noisy, probably the cause of my tinnitus.
Occasionally would throw metal a hundred yards, somehow I still have
all my fingers.

Dave Caroline

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Re: [Emc-users] Servo drive?

2011-12-27 Thread Andrew
2011/12/27 Viesturs Lācis viesturs.la...@gmail.com

 2011/12/23 Viesturs Lācis viesturs.la...@gmail.com:
  Hello, gentlemen!
 
  I have 3 servo motors and I am looking for appropriate servo drives for
 them.
  I managed to get a technical specification of my servo motors:
 
 
  Motor type: T3-0130-60-560
  Winding number: 01-00111
 
  Rated Speed: 6000 min^-1
  DC Bus Voltage: 560 V
  Nominal AC Voltage: 330 V
  Rated Motor Voltage: 309 V
  Rated Torque: 1,00 Nm
  Rated AC Current: 1,40 A
  Stall Torque: 1,30 Nm
  Stall AC Current: 1,67 A
  Peak Torque: 5,2 Nm
  Peak Current: 7,2 A
  Max. Speed: 12000 min^-1
  EMF Constant: 47,0 V/1000
  Torque Constant: 0,78 Nm/A
  Terminal Resistance: 12,7 Ω
  Terminal Inductance: 21,5 mH
  Number of poles: 6
 
  El. Time Constant: 1,7 ms
  Mech. Time Constant: 2,4 ms
  Thermal Time Constant: 30 min
  Rotor Inertia: 0,65 kg*cm^2
 

 Can any one suggest me, what is the rated power of these motors?
 I thought that it is calculated this way:
 Rated power = rated voltage * rated current


This is consumed electrical power, actually.


 Andy Pugh told me that motor power could be calculated also this way:
 Power = 2 x pi x torque x rps


And this is output mechanical power. And I guess this is the rated power
you seek for.

Andrew
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Re: [Emc-users] Servo drive?

2011-12-27 Thread Peter C. Wallace
 Rated power = rated voltage * rated current


This is consumed electrical power, actually.

So ~749 W (1.4A x 309V x SQRT(3)) in (assuming A is A RMS per phase)


 Andy Pugh told me that motor power could be calculated also this way:
 Power = 2 x pi x torque x rps


And this is output mechanical power. And I guess this is the rated power
you seek for.

and  ~628W out

About 83% efficient so the motor needs to dissipate ~121 watts of heat at 
full load

Andrew
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Peter Wallace
Mesa Electronics

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()_() signature to help him gain world domination.


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Re: [Emc-users] Servo drive?

2011-12-27 Thread Viesturs Lācis
2011/12/27 Peter C. Wallace p...@mesanet.com:
 2011/12/27 Andrew parallel.kinemat...@gmail.com:

 Rated power = rated voltage * rated current
 This is consumed electrical power, actually.
 So ~749 W (1.4A x 309V x SQRT(3)) in (assuming A is A RMS per phase)


 Andy Pugh told me that motor power could be calculated also this way:
 Power = 2 x pi x torque x rps
 And this is output mechanical power. And I guess this is the rated power
 you seek for.
 and  ~628W out

Andrew, Peter, thank You!

Viesturs

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Re: [Emc-users] Another off the wall thought

2011-12-27 Thread gene heskett
On Tuesday, December 27, 2011 05:35:46 PM Dave Caroline did opine:

  Its a 10 Dewalt, decent shape, runs fine  smooth but probably 35 YO,
  somebody make me an offer and help me carry it to your vehicle,
  please!
 
 I used one of the DeWalt over arm saws way back in the early 1970's
 post it to me for free (UK) :)

Sorry Dave, local pickup only.

 Last time I looked they dont seem to be making them anymore.

The original people to build it are still advertising in our wood rags on 
this side of the pond, but I've not seen anybody else for quite a while.

 I used to cut aluminium section for lorry tipper bodies with it. It
 was noisy, probably the cause of my tinnitus.

Definitely could be a factor.  :(

 Occasionally would throw metal a hundred yards, somehow I still have
 all my fingers.

I've had the table saw throw it harder.  Unforch, I was in the way, took 
about 6 weeks to lighten up the color of the bruises on my ribs too. 1x4, 2 
feet long.  That was the day I tossed the worthless blade guard in the bin, 
and ordered 2 different thickness of the shark fin.  Now that is the cats 
meow.  I left a 2 wide piece of wood laying between the blade and the 
fence just to see if it would ever catch and throw.  5 minutes later it was 
still sitting there so I took a stick and pushed it on by, no problem.

Its a hair fussy to adjust but when you have it, you have it unless you 
switch blades to a thinner or thicker kerf version.  No table saw is 
complete until it has one of those.
 
 Dave Caroline

Cheers, Gene
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Re: [Emc-users] Another off the wall thought

2011-12-27 Thread Steve Blackmore
On Tue, 27 Dec 2011 17:48:43 -0500, you wrote:


I've had the table saw throw it harder.  Unforch, I was in the way, took 
about 6 weeks to lighten up the color of the bruises on my ribs too. 1x4, 2 
feet long.  

Yup - my broken left shin would concur. Ryobi table saw on floor,
instead of it's stand, flung half an 8 by 4 sheet of 3/4 ply at me.
Caught it with my legs - it hurt!!

Steve Blackmore
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Re: [Emc-users] Another off the wall thought

2011-12-27 Thread gene heskett
On Tuesday, December 27, 2011 08:49:15 PM Steve Blackmore did opine:

 On Tue, 27 Dec 2011 17:48:43 -0500, you wrote:
 I've had the table saw throw it harder.  Unforch, I was in the way,
 took about 6 weeks to lighten up the color of the bruises on my ribs
 too. 1x4, 2 feet long.
 
 Yup - my broken left shin would concur. Ryobi table saw on floor,
 instead of it's stand, flung half an 8 by 4 sheet of 3/4 ply at me.
 Caught it with my legs - it hurt!!
 
 Steve Blackmore

That may even be the same saw, a BT-3000?  A shark fin, a decent homemade 
zero clearance insert, a coat of formica on its top plus a $40 CMT ATBF 
blade and its the sweetest saw you'll ever  use though.

FWIW, Snears  Takeitback has apparently bought the patterns and is selling 
a much improved version of it for a bit less than $500 right now.  The ONLY 
reason I haven't dropped the card is that its now a Sears/Craftsman.  You 
can't get parts for anything more than 2-3 years old from those bards.  
I may go and get the aux tables while they have it though, being able to 
use a std miter gage on it, could be pretty handy.  Other than that, I have 
fixed most of the originals warts over the years and its working well ATM.

Cheers, Gene
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[Emc-users] pcb artwork

2011-12-27 Thread gene heskett
Greetings all;

I managed to score some double sided blank pcb today, enough to make a few 
boards to hold the ABX photo-interrupters (Honeywell HOA2001's) 3x per 
board for making encoders.

But these encoders have an extra .05 hole pattern spacing, so the whole 3 
pin socket pattern for the transistor side of it is only .1 wide for the 
whole 3 lead pattern with a .05 offset in the center for the third, output 
pin of the detector.

This is getting a bit teeny to mill, so my thought is to bore a .125 hole 
under each end of it  just run a trace to the edge of the hole, laying the 
lead down in a puddle of eutectic solder.

I have visions at 4AM of this whole thing being about an inch wide and not 
more than 1.25 long, hopefully by cobbling up a pattern and doing a step  
repeat to get 3 of them on the same board, while somehow leaving room to 
condense the 15 leads into the 5 headed toward emc.  With led current 
limiting r's in 3 of them.

Do any of you that have done these conversions several times perchance have 
some artwork in gcode that could be adapted for this and that you are 
willing to share with beggars like me?

Thanks  Cheers, Gene
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Re: [Emc-users] 5-axis table-table kinematics: G54 offsets

2011-12-27 Thread Rudy du Preez
In a recent posting I did say where photo's of my machine and an impeller
cut with it can be looked at.

It is in groups.yahoo.com under group SA-CNC-CLUB in photos. This is the
discussion group for our local CNC club (South Africa), which I started
about 2 years ago (SA-CNC-CLUB) and has about 40 members. Most of the
members are using EMC2 and we have converted probably more than 20 machines
to EMC2 already. I personally have done 6.

I have not been able to find a way to post photos to this forum.

Lets focus a little on the process of going from world coordinates to joint
coordinates. Starting from a toolpoint position in part or world coordinates
xyz and unit tool vector ijk, these have to be transformed to joint
coordinates XYZAC, with C the rotation angle of the top rotary table and A
the rotation angle of the rotary table on which the top rotary table sits.
The rotary axis of the A table is along the X-axis of the machine. X sits on
Y which sits on Z (look at my pictures if necessary).

The world coordinates I supply to EMC is the original xyz and the two angles
A and C which have been computed in the CAM post-processor from ijk by:

A = -arccos(k) and C =  arctan2(i,j)

Some adjustment of C is necessary to go beyond -180 deg and +180 deg.

This is transformed by the inversekins:

J0 = cos(C)*x - sin(C)*y
j1 = sin(C)*cos(A)*x + cos(C)*cos(A)*y - sin(A)*z
j2 = sin(C)*sin(A)*x + cos(C)*sin(A)*y + cos(A)*z
j3 = A
j4 = b (not used)
j5 = C

This is a working process for me so far as you can see from the photo of the
impeller produced.

If I use a G55 transformation of say G55 x10 y10, then EMC seems to add
these values to x and y before it sends it to inversekins. The world
coordinate origin is shifted to the new position. That seems fine. G55 is
set by a G10 L2 P2 command.

If I use a G55 of say G55 c45 nothing happens. It would have worked for me
if EMC also added 45 to the value of C before it passes it on to
inversekins. Practically I would only want to shift the C-axis when cutting
parts like impellers with a number of blades. The GCODE for only one blade
is the provided.

I could also have passed on the ijk values as abc values to the inversekins.
It would then have to work out the AC values, but there is quite a bit of
checking and adjustment to C to be done. I am not sure if EMC could then
pass on transformations.

I hope the problem is now clearer and look forward to some response.

Rudy


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