Re: [FRIAM] Lebesgue

[Roger Frye]

I love the point in lecture 3 where Alan Solomon says “but we are not practical 
men, we are mathematicians.”

> On Jul 27, 2024, at 8:35 PM, Jon Zingale  wrote:
> 
> I love imagining this brilliant moment in late stage advanced capitalism when 
> there were at most four television stations and somehow some poor kid found 
> this broadcast, thought it was Dr. Who, and proceeded to hide behind the 
> couch.
> 
> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hg83UhV9A58&list=PLISEtDmihMo2i5tj7UCmz43dORdpG_SMY&t=1s
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Re: [FRIAM] Walking Thunder one page first pass

[Roger Frye]

Then there is Buffalo Thunder, which I have been told is a euphemism for fart.

> On Mar 19, 2024, at 7:24 PM, Frank Wimberly  wrote:
> 
> I met the director of this film.  His enthusiasm was great and he seemed very 
> proud of his work.  I told him I would forward this poster to people I 
> thought would be interested.
> 
> ---
> Frank C. Wimberly
> 140 Calle Ojo Feliz, 
> Santa Fe, NM 87505
> 
> 505 670-9918
> Santa Fe, NM
> 
> -- Forwarded message -
> From: Frank Wimberly mailto:wimber...@gmail.com>>
> Date: Tue, Mar 19, 2024, 3:20 PM
> Subject: Re: Walking Thunder one page first pass
> To: Cyril Christo mailto:cc4si...@icloud.com>>
> 
> 
> Thanks, Cyril.  Will forward.
> 
> 
> ---
> Frank C. Wimberly
> 140 Calle Ojo Feliz, 
> Santa Fe, NM 87505
> 
> 505 670-9918
> Santa Fe, NM
> 
> On Tue, Mar 19, 2024, 10:39 AM Cyril Christo  > wrote:
>> 
>> 
>> Sent from my iPhone
>> 
>> Begin forwarded message:
>> 
>>> From: "ettore spacewow.org " >> >
>>> Date: March 18, 2024 at 9:33:14 PM MDT
>>> To: Cyril Christo mailto:cc4si...@icloud.com>>
>>> Subject: FW: Walking Thunder one page first pass
>>> 
>>> 
>>>  
>>> 
>> 
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Re: [FRIAM] Working for the Military Institute of Technology Causes Cognitive Dissonance

[Roger Frye]

Eric,

I agree with your critique, especially about Dresser's two-facedness. What 
struck me most was how Chomsky’s cognitive dissonance about military 
application could drive him to abstraction and unworkable theory.

Chomsky has been one of my heroes. I have marched with him, but never agreed 
with his linguistics. But then never fully agreed with any linguist.

I worked with people back in the 60s at Bolt Beranek and Newman and with 
professors at MIT who believed they could communicate with computers in English 
but was unaware of the military intention. I created English style GUIs and 
wrote COBOL compilers, but none very successful. Who knew that AI chat would be 
so successful this year.

-Roger

> On Dec 13, 2023, at 3:34 AM, David Eric Smith  wrote:
> 
> Wanted to say thank you for this.
> 
> I don’t know that I find Dresser’s psychologizing of Chomsky persuasive at 
> all.  But it’s nice that what leaks through the general history is Chomsky’s 
> commitment as an operator.
> 
> I liked that they had the little video clip in there.  What comes through (to 
> me, so bright that it quenches out everything else) is the one constant of 
> Chomsky, across his history and in all the modes of his activity: the 
> superciliousness, and the attitude of Olympian contempt he puts on, at all 
> times, standing in judgment of everyone and everything.  
> 
> The way Dresser doesn’t roll over to Chomsky’s assertion of absolute 
> domination, in the main text, was kind of a relief, though his blithe 
> dismissal of Chomsky’s having had any substantive reason for being an 
> influencer looked like trouble.  The comments — surprisingly content-rich — 
> unpack that trouble, but even there the exchange is interesting.  The 
> defenders say Dresser misses the point of the syntactic work and 
> mis-represents by taking things out of context (I think probably true), and 
> then Dresser answers by providing explicit statements that are hard to 
> understand as being any less ridiculous than he claims, since they are 
> asserted with characteristic Chomskian authoritarianism.  What I take this 
> for is evidence of what I see as the major pattern: Chomsky’s writing is as 
> close to Newspeak as we probably have in something that is glossed by some as 
> a science (and that, in a good world, could be, and is trying to become, more 
> of a science).  His writing, over the decades and lots of books (here 
> referring to the linguistics) has essentially no stable constructive 
> assertions, yet at every point the delivery is “This is what I say and this 
> is what I have always said.”
> 
> (Not that Dresser comes out of this looking like any much-better character.  
> Claiming he isn’t out to write a hit-piece on Chomsky’s intellectual 
> contributions, while transparently wanting mainly to do that, and then at the 
> end saying how grateful he is for Chomsky’s activism, rings pretty 
> disingenuous.  I am also struck because to me the style of The Man is 
> recognizably the same in both.  But enough on Dresser.  He will be forgotten 
> by tomorrow, so one can just comment on the content of the writing.)
> 
> I don’t know where Chomsky ranks in the guruness indices.  But he is a case 
> study in the patterns of meme-authoritarianism.  A vast discourse of negative 
> statements, which (seen in many people I have to deal with) seem to have only 
> the goal of denying something specific somebody else is trying to say or to 
> do, accompanied by shifting, or shifty, assertive-sounding statements, but 
> ones that turn out to be slippery enough that you are never permitted to 
> attach a meaning to them and decide for yourself whether they are valid or 
> not.  Any judgment you pass against the constructive-sounding statements can 
> always be parried by an accusation that you are too low a life-form to have 
> understood the wisdom they encode.  Johnny Yune did this nicely in the 
> ancient camp-movie They Call me Bruce (maybe the sequel), in the line “You 
> are not ready for the tech-a-niques of the master.)
> 
> Not sure why I feel compelled to compose typologies of the styles of 
> shiftiness in the world.  The impulse to see some fingerprints that occur 
> repeatedly seems to scratch some itch.
> 
> Eric
> 
> 
> 
>> On Dec 8, 2023, at 7:54 AM, Roger Frye  wrote:
>> 
>> https://aeon.co/essays/an-anthropologist-studies-the-warring-ideas-of-noam-chomsky
>> 
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Re: [FRIAM] Where does Friam meet?

[Roger Frye]

Sr John's Coffee Shop

On Fri, Jul 7, 2023, 9:08 AM Roger Frye  wrote:

>
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[FRIAM] Where does Friam meet?

[Roger Frye]

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Re: [FRIAM] links for this morning's FRIAM: Special Unitary Groups and Quaternions

[Roger Frye]

a quaternion version of Euler's formula
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dvpAFWBVgy0

A bit late for the discussion, and kind of sketchy when you get into it.

-Roger


> On Apr 28, 2023, at 8:18 AM, Stephen Guerin  
> wrote:
> 
> Special Unitary Groups and Quaternions 
> 
> Mostly for Ed from the context of last week's Physical Friam if you're coming 
> today.
> 
> Discussion was around potential ways of visualizing the dynamics of SU(3), 
> SU(2), (SU1) that highlights Special Unitary Groups. (wiki link from Frank 
> ), and can we foreground 
> how quaternions are used in this process.
> 
> and a related bit on forces, I'm searching for ways to visualize/understand 
> how FFTs with Poisson equation 
>  are 
> used to compute the forces from scalar fields (eg gravitational force from 
> mass density, electric force from charge, etc) and if there's any relation to 
> Special Unitary Groups.
> 
> -S
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[FRIAM] Quantum Optimization

[Roger Frye]

People interested in the most effective methods for improving quantum
optimization algorithms should read the excellent compendium of methods
in

Using a quantum computer to solve a real-world problem -- what can be
achieved today?
by Robert Cumming and Tim Thomas, 62 pages
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2211.13080


They apply

   - QAOA (Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm by Farhi in 2014
   or Quantum Alternating Operator Ansatz by Hadfield in 2017)
   - VQE (Variational Quantum Eigensolver by Peruzzo in 2013)
   - Quantum Annealing (D-Wave in 2011)

to variations of ambulance logistic problems. These facilities location
problems are forms of the NP-Hard set cover problem and relate to how to
allocate resources to fight forest fires in New Mexico.

-Roger
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[FRIAM] In a Moment, Mathematicians Merge Probability and Number Theory | Quanta Magazine

[Roger Frye]

https://www.quantamagazine.org/in-a-moment-mathematicians-merge-probability-and-number-theory-20230112/
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Re: [FRIAM] The WEBB seeing back to the first millennia

[Roger Frye]

They are shifted so far to the red that when they reach us, they are stop
lights.

On Wed, Dec 28, 2022 at 9:42 AM Gillian Densmore 
wrote:

> Same Q! My guess is what they meen is that stuff is reely far away so it'd
> be like looking at events that had happened but we can catchup to the show
> because of distance somehow due to lag essentially. Someone that knows more
> about this then I do hopefully has a much more concrete answer. Fwiw it's
> the kind of things that keeps NDGT ( Niel DeGrasse Tyson) up lol
>
> On Wed, Dec 28, 2022 at 10:21 AM Owen Densmore 
> wrote:
>
>> In aj NYTimes article:
>> https://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/27/science/astronomy-webb-telescope.html
>> ..there is the usual discussion on "seeing back to the first several
>> millennia".
>>
>> But, and be kind, why haven't these photons already sped past us? I
>> suppose it is because the exanssion is uniformly everywhere, we just kept
>> ahead of them? That seems unlikely given the expansion is slower than light.
>>
>> -- Owen
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[FRIAM] Adversarial Go trick defeats KataGo

[Roger Frye]

https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2022/11/new-go-playing-trick-defeats-world-class-go-ai-but-loses-to-human-amateurs/

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Re: [FRIAM] Fwd: Join SFI for two lectures by Mathematician Steven Strogatz, September 21st and 22nd

[Roger Frye]

https://www.youtube.com/c/SFIScience


On Wed, Nov 9, 2022 at 9:14 AM Owen Densmore  wrote:

> Do you know where the videos are? I'd love to watch them.
>
> -- Owen
>
> On Fri, Sep 9, 2022 at 12:51 PM Tom Johnson  wrote:
>
>> FYI
>>
>> ===
>> Tom Johnson
>> Inst. for Analytic Journalism
>> Santa Fe, New Mexico
>> 505-577-6482
>> ===
>>
>> -- Forwarded message -
>> From: Santa Fe Institute 
>> Date: Fri, Sep 9, 2022, 12:00 PM
>> Subject: Join SFI for two lectures by Mathematician Steven Strogatz,
>> September 21st and 22nd
>> To: Tom 
>>
>>
>> Trouble viewing this email? View it in your browser
>> 
>> .
>> Stanislaw Ulam Memorial Lecture Series *Mathematical Stories*
>>
>> *Steven Strogatz, Cornell University*
>>
>> *Tuesday, September 20th and Wednesday, September 21st @7:30 pm*
>>
>> The Lensic Performing Arts Center
>> 211 W. San Francisco Street
>> Santa Fe, NM
>>
>> 
>> * Image: detail " Fireflies on the Kinu River" by Kiyochika c. 1930s*
>>
>> *Mathematicians are known for using logic* and symbols and abstractions
>> in their work but, like other people, mathematicians are also storytellers.
>> Their work tells stories, too — stories of what is and of what might be. In
>> his 2022 Ulam lectures, Cornell University Professor Steven Strogatz will
>> describe how mathematicians have tried to make sense of motion and change,
>> of a world in never-ending flux. These are stories of intuition and
>> courage, grounded in rigor, humility, and awe. These lectures are
>> self-contained, and can be enjoyed together or separately.
>>
>> Steven will be signing copies of his books in the Lensic at 6:30 pm,
>> prior to each lecture.
>>
>>
>> *Lecture 1: The Story of Calculus Tuesday, September 20, 7:30 pm
>> *
>> Everyone has heard of calculus, but why is it so important? In this story
>> of calculus, Strogatz illustrates the fantastic idea at the heart of
>> calculus — an idea that, in partnership with medicine, philosophy, science,
>> and technology, reshaped the course of civilization and helped make the
>> world modern. It is, Strogatz argues, one of the greatest-ever triumphs of
>> human creativity.
>>
>>
>> *Lecture 2: The Story of Sync Wednesday, September 21, 7:30 pm
>> *
>> Every night along the tidal rivers of Malaysia, thousands of male
>> fireflies congregate in the mangrove trees and flash on and off in unison.
>> Similarly astonishing feats of synchronization occur throughout the natural
>> and technological world. In this story of sync, Strogatz describes how our
>> understanding of synchronization has evolved over the centuries and shares
>> exciting new results and unsolved problems about how the structure of a
>> network affects its tendency to get in sync..
>>
>> *Steven Strogatz
>> *
>>  is
>> the Jacob Gould Schurman Professor of Applied Mathematics at Cornell
>> University. After graduating from Princeton in 1980, Strogatz studied at
>> Trinity College, Cambridge, where he was a Marshall Scholar. He did his
>> doctoral work in applied mathematics at Harvard, followed by a National
>> Science Foundation postdoctoral fellowship at Harvard and Boston
>> University.
>>
>> Seating for SFI's community lectures is limited and ticket reservations
>> are required. Reserve your free tickets through The Lensic Box Office
>> online
>> 
>> or call 505.988.1234.
>>
>> The Santa Fe Institute's popular Ulam Lecture Series, now in its 28th
>> year, is part of SFI's Community Lecture Series. The 2019 series is
>> presented at no cost to the public by the * The McKinnon Family
>> Foundation*, with additional support from The Lensic Performing Arts
>> Center
>> 
>> and The Santa Fe Reporter
>> 
>> .
>>
>> 
>>
>>  Questions or difficulties? Email us at support...@santafe.edu.
>> Follow us on
>> [image: Twitter]
>> 
>>  [image:
>> Facebook]
>> 

[FRIAM] Memorial for Reuben today

[Roger Frye]

The memorial plaque for Reuben Hersh will be formally unveiled today at
1:30pm MT at Riviera Cemetery in Santa Fe. Drive all the way around to
the back wall. The ceremony had been postponed due to Covid.
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[FRIAM] Doyne says green saves money

[Roger Frye]

https://www.cell.com/joule/fulltext/S2542-4351(22)00410-X
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[FRIAM] new wildfire models

[Roger Frye]

https://www.technologyreview.com/2019/12/16/131551/wildfires-have-changed-its-time-the-science-did-too
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Re: [FRIAM] Another reason the future is nothing like the past...

[Roger Frye]

oooh. Thank you. Wow.

On Tue, May 24, 2022 at 4:59 PM Jon Zingale  wrote:

> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wiadG3ywJIs&ab_channel=Tai-DanaeBradley
>
> What a great way to introduce readers to a phd thesis.
>
>
> https://academicworks.cuny.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4773&context=gc_etds
>
> joy!
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Re: [FRIAM] Wilson and Snower on Economics

[Roger Frye]

Several books by Mary B. Hesse including *Models and Analogues in Science*
can be borrowed from the Internet Archive
https://archive.org/search.php?query=mary%20b.%20hesse

On Fri, Apr 22, 2022 at 2:41 PM Roger Critchlow  wrote:

>
> https://aeon.co/essays/why-are-women-philosophers-often-erased-from-collective-memory
>
> The most prominent is an elegantly analytic book concerning the role of
>> metaphors in scientific thinking: *Models and Analogies in **Science*
>>  (1963).
>>
>
>
>> Hesse’s book was ahead of its time. It also is out of print today.
>> Meanwhile, Thomas Kuhn’s ridiculously popular *The Structure of
>> Scientific Revolutions* (1962), published just one year prior to her *Models
>> and Analogies*, has been repeatedly reissued and enjoys the status of
>> being a classic in the field.
>
>
> -- rec --
>
>
> On Mon, Apr 4, 2022 at 5:37 PM David Eric Smith 
> wrote:
>
>> Boy if I had a nickel for every instance of “new paradigm” in academic
>> papers, I would be so rich I could stop working for a living and invent a
>> new paradigm in something.
>>
>> Eric
>>
>>
>>
>> On Apr 5, 2022, at 1:05 AM, Russ Abbott  wrote:
>>
>> This is the discussion by the authors
>> 
>>  of
>> the article
>> .
>>
>> I'd read the discussion first.
>>
>> -- Russ
>>
>>
>> On Mon, Apr 4, 2022 at 7:35 AM glen  wrote:
>>
>>> Sorry for my incompetence. What "linked page"? I see a few non-DoI links
>>> inside the document:
>>>
>>>
>>> https://thisviewoflife.com/greek-democracy-as-a-major-evolutionary-transition-a-conversation-with-josiah-ober/
>>> 
>>> https://humanenergy.io/projects/science-of-the-noosphere/
>>> 
>>>
>>> https://www.strategy-business.com/feature/Common-Purpose-Realigning-Business-Economies-and-Society
>>> 
>>>
>>> Is one of those what you mean? Or did you mean to include another link?
>>>
>>> Thanks for the heads up, regardless. Regardless of where you stand on
>>> the thesis of the paper, the citations are fantastic!
>>>
>>>
>>> On 4/2/22 11:59, Russ Abbott wrote:
>>> > Strongly recommend reading the discussion on the linked page. It has a
>>> good overview of the issues and positions in the article.
>>> > _
>>> > _
>>> > __-- Russ Abbott
>>> > Professor Emeritus, Computer Science
>>> > California State University, Los Angeles
>>> >
>>> >
>>> > On Sat, Apr 2, 2022 at 11:33 AM Russ Abbott >> > wrote:
>>> >
>>> > Rethinking the theoretical foundation of economics I: The
>>> multilevel paradigm
>>> >
>>> > This article offers a new paradigm for economics: the
>>> “multilevel paradigm,” which applies the Darwinian theory of evolution to
>>> the analysis of economic processes. “Darwinian” refers to all
>>> variation/selection/replication processes, not just genetic evolution,
>>> making it highly relevant to economic theory and practice. The economy is
>>> viewed as a system that is embedded within political, social and
>>> environmental systems. The evolution of economic activities is understood
>>> in terms of variation (innovation), selection (cooperative and competitive
>>> relations that survive) and replication (transmission and proliferation of
>>> ideas). The multilevel paradigm comes with its own definition and purpose
>>> of economics, as the discipline that explores how resources, goods and
>>> services can be mobilized in the pursuit of wellbeing in
>>> thriving societies, now and in the future. We describe the prominent
>>> characteristics of the multilevel paradigm: flexible, multiple levels of
>>> functional
>>> > organization; the primacy of social relations, ignorance as
>>> uncertainty; multi-faceted, context-dependent wellbeing; and multilevel
>>> evolution as progress.
>>> >
>>> >
>>> >
>>> https://drive.google.com/file/d/17mSkmB0nP1UNyrKE0LIN8-AfgD3DQGF4/view <
>>> https://drive.google.com/file/d/17mS

Re: [FRIAM] Great Circle

[Roger Frye]

The basic insight is that the central limit of random walks from any point
in a soap bubble (whose surface is a harmonic potential function) to the
boundary will generate the harmonic function.


On Sun, Sep 19, 2021 at 7:53 PM Jon Zingale  wrote:

> "Is this related, at some level, to..."
>
> Oh yeah, like in classical geometric probability. Yeah, I wonder too.
>
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Re: [FRIAM] Random Evolutions

[Roger Frye]

Wait a minute. I thought this was the Reuben thread, not the wild dream
thread.

On Wed, Sep 15, 2021 at 4:52 PM Jon Zingale  wrote:

> Reuben and Richard's article is wonderful and has given me a new
> appreciation for capacitory potential (a concept that can often appear
> dry). Walking back from Bosque brewery, hallucinations flood my mind of
> Tesla coils and charge distributed harmonically from a boundary here to an
> ineffable boundary there. The authors elucidate a process common in
> mathematics, the process of defining a natural equivalence between
> categories (here, of Markov process and PDEs) and imagining a Laplacian
> over theorems, mathematicians working to bring one subject into equilibrium
> with another.
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Re: [FRIAM] Can empirical discoveries be mathematical?

[Roger Frye]

A completely different example of mathematical metaphor is representation
theory. The formula 3*3 + 4*4 = 5*5 can be represented as a right triangle
with the sides touching the right angle having lengths of 3 and 4, and the
hypotenuse having length 5. I like to think of one representation being a
metaphor for the other.

On Mon, Sep 13, 2021 at 11:52 AM  wrote:

> Roger,
>
>
>
> If I weren’t immured with my income tax, I would engage you on this.  I
> believe that metaphor --  aka “abduction”? – is the root of all evil *and*
> the root of all good.  And then I wonder about the connection to the naming
> fallacy.  The naming fallacy I take to be the idea that if two things have
> the same name, they have the same properties.  This assertion is absurd as
> a statement of fact but often useful as a source of hypotheses.  So, on
> this view, we humans take Adam’s Task very seriously.  We stumble around
> the world naming every new experience that confronts us and then
> frantically try to work out how much we can trust the implications of that
> name.  “My love is … a … rose!  How long are her thorns?”
>
>
>
> Ugh!  I now see that I have gone all anthropocentric, here.  What IS the
> relation between perception (cognition, what-have-you) and naming.  The
> Whorf hypothesis would have it that all perception is run though a
> dictionary, but I understand that the Whorf hypothesis is not wearing well,
> these days, and, more important, animals perceive quite well without
> dictionaries.  Classical conditioning (a la Pavlov) produces abductions.
> (This bell MEANS foodpowder)  Would a dog think, “This bell is … a
> ….foodpowder!”  Probably not.  It might think “Oh Goody Food Powder!”   So
> whatever the naming thing contributes, it is layered on to something else,
> something more fundamental.  (Two bird hunters are walking through the
> underbrush,  guns ready when, the leader calls out “Duck.”; his companion,
> stops, raises his gun,  and scans the sky, only to be struck full in the
> face by a bent hickory sapling.]
>
>
>
> These are the things I might have written to you about were I not doing my
> income tax.
>
>
>
> Nick
>
>
>
> Nick Thompson
>
> thompnicks...@gmail.com
>
> https://wordpress.clarku.edu/nthompson/
>
>
>
> *From:* Friam  *On Behalf Of *Roger Frye
> *Sent:* Tuesday, September 7, 2021 9:28 AM
> *To:* The Friday Morning Applied Complexity Coffee Group <
> friam@redfish.com>
> *Subject:* Re: [FRIAM] Can empirical discoveries be mathematical?
>
>
>
> Reuben had an article in Issue 65 of Eureka Magazine titled 'Solving
> Problems by "Cheating": Operational Calculi, Function Theory, and
> Differential Equations'. The article is a compilation of tricks that he ran
> across during his career that seemed to apply in a general way to solving
> problems. The theme is that you doodle with methods that you have no right
> to assume would work in this particular case, and if you get something
> worthwhile, then go back and prove it.
>
>
>
> Towards the end of his life he became more interested in the metaphors
> that are at the basis of mathematical thinking, the bodily actions that
> have been abstracted into mathematical concepts. Yuri I. Manin also spoke
> of Mathematics as Metaphor is a slightly different way in his essays.
>
>
>
> -Roger
>
>
>
>
>
> On Mon, Sep 6, 2021 at 8:34 PM Frank Wimberly  wrote:
>
> Our late friend Reuben Hersh was interested in these questions.
>
> ---
> Frank C. Wimberly
> 140 Calle Ojo Feliz,
> Santa Fe, NM 87505
>
> 505 670-9918
> Santa Fe, NM
>
>
>
> On Mon, Sep 6, 2021, 7:58 PM Eric Charles 
> wrote:
>
> As I said a few days ago: I think traditionally,  "mathematical" would
> have been synonymous with "rigorous deduction from a minimal number of
> axioms", but I doubt that approach is clear cut anymore.
>
>
>
> I am pretty confident that modern mathematics is WAY more open-field than
> that.  The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy seems to agree with that
> intuition, though I think it is an even broader topic than implied by just
> this entry:  Non-Deductive Methods in Mathematics (Stanford Encyclopedia
> of Philosophy)
> <https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/mathematics-nondeductive/>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> On Mon, Sep 6, 2021 at 11:19 AM Barry MacKichan <
> barry.mackic...@mackichan.com> wrote:
>
> Briefly, and in my opinion, mathematics can only make claims like ‘if A is
> true then B is true’. To say B is true, you must also say A is true.
> Eventually you have to go back to the beginning of the deductive chain, and
> the truth of the initial statem

Re: [FRIAM] What are you reading?

[Roger Frye]

I have books open in many areas at the moment: Zeta functions, Buddhism,
Old Testament, Arabic Poetics, but in fiction, I have been reading James
Baldwin and Stephen Graham Jones. The SGJ short story that got me hooked
was https://www.tor.com/2016/09/21/the-night-cyclist/

On Tue, Sep 7, 2021 at 6:01 AM Frank Wimberly  wrote:

> Hi Jochen,
>
> I used to read novels but lately I don't read fiction.  I started to read
> "The Road" by McCarthy but I couldn't stand the grimness of it.  Lately
> I've been reading, as time permits, "The Language of Blood" by
> Nieto-Phillips, which is about ethnic identity in New Mexico, and a couple
> of math books.
>
> ---
> Frank C. Wimberly
> 140 Calle Ojo Feliz,
> Santa Fe, NM 87505
>
> 505 670-9918
> Santa Fe, NM
>
> On Tue, Sep 7, 2021, 3:55 AM Jochen Fromm  wrote:
>
>> What novel are you reading at the moment? I am reading "Tenochtitlan: The
>> Last Battle of the Aztecs" from José León Sánchez (which is comparable to
>> "Aztec" by Gary Jennings)
>>
>> https://www.science.org/careers/2019/11/escape-stress-grad-school-i-read-fiction
>>
>> -J.
>>
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Re: [FRIAM] Weighted Ensemble

[Roger Frye]

Yes, I have been using the sklearn random forest and other ensemble methods
at SigmaLabsInc. I can't tell you too much because it is proprietary, but
we downsample the normal pixels some, upsample the anomalies some, and
apply class weights to complete the balance.

We wrote a white paper that is available here
https://sigmalabsinc.com/machine-learning-a-game-changer-for-additive-manufacturing/


On Sun, Aug 29, 2021 at 2:08 PM Jon Zingale  wrote:

> I am presently working on learning weighted ensemble
>  sampling techniques and was
> curious if any here have worked with them before. The technique seems
> promising and has enjoyed quite a bit of success (even above MCMC
> ) in circles
> concerned with reaction rates for rare events.
>
> Some points of interest for me include:
>
>1. A better sampling of fringe-outlier works/art from streaming
>services.
>2. An alternative (bin-based sampling) to globally defined "fitness"
>measures in evolutionary modeling.
>3. An application of diffusion-limited aggregation to general search
>(especially in the face of limited resources)
>4. An application of linear logic to optimization problems in conformation
>prediction 
>.
>5. Investigation of dynamical properties, such as distribution of
>trajectories with "high winding number", on strange attractors.
>
>
> While I am just beginning to grok the technique, I thought it might be
> fruitful to ask here.
>
> Jon
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Re: [FRIAM] [WedTech] Diffracton: minding the gap

[Roger Frye]

Congratulations, Steve! These moments of insight are rare and wonderful.

On Sat, Aug 14, 2021, 9:57 PM Stephen Guerin 
wrote:

>  Ed,
>
> Yes, that's how I'm seeing it.
>
> For others, Ed's Step function is what I was calling Rect pulse function
> which is Fourier dual of the Sinc function. Attached is an .mp4 recording
> of Ed description of the relationship of gap width, frequency, and the
> amount of spread of the Sinc function which is the diffusion pattern
> observed. I recorded the mp4 from the illustration/animation"  I linked
> to earlier
> 
> .
>
> And I think it's pretty cool to think of the gap as a sampler. I suspect
> this is a well-known idea in optics/physics and old hat to many of you but
> it's exciting to come onto ideas like this for oneself :-)   I can almost
> hear John Zingale saying, "of course, it's just the convolution theorem
>  applied to a square
> wave". In the past I would nod and frankly, my eyes glaze if I can't ground
> it in a microscopic understanding that guides my intuition.
>
> Or if given this amazingly deep statement I came across as I'm searching
> for connecting sampling and diffraction -  "*the diffraction pattern of
> an object is the Fourier Transform of the object*" from here
> , it finally
> makes sense to me.
>
> And I can practically hear Steve Smith and our dear and late Fred
> Untersher calling out, "that's how we've been describing holograms to you
> for 20 years and you always nodded like you understood".
>
> Or Ed who brought Pradeep Sen into our world saying what do you think I
> was showing you with Dual Photography
> , you idiot?
>
> And Alvy Ray Smith, again Ed bringing into our office,  saying that's
> what a Pixel is ! it's not a little square
> nor gaussian point sample, it's Kotelnikov Sampling (Nyquist-Shannon
> Sampling Theorem),
>
> or potentially worse is Eric Smith and Roger Critchlow shaking their heads
> saying "you're just confused and making connections that aren't there". :-)
>
> --
>
> Now even after having said this, I *still* want to know how the
> diffraction is happening using only the interaction rules in the model.
> Obviously, there are no Sinc or Rect functions in the code, nor Fourier
> transforms explicitly coded. All these wonderful explanations above are
> emergent properties from the model I would call a macroscopic explanation
> and description. If nothing else perhaps I learn a better phrase for the
> level of explanation I'm asking for when you trace an algorithm and
> understand where the emergent property comes from. (BTW, I think I have a
> micro answer and will put it in my response to Alex).
>
> -S
>
> ___
> stephen.gue...@simtable.com 
> CEO, Simtable  http://www.simtable.com
> 1600 Lena St #D1, Santa Fe, NM 87505
> office: (505)995-0206 mobile: (505)577-5828
> twitter: @simtable
> z oom.simtable.com
>
>
> On Sat, Aug 14, 2021 at 3:57 PM Angel Edward 
> wrote:
>
>> I hope someone can check out the analysis below.
>>
>> If you look at the gap as a sampler, you can do the following analysis
>> using Fourier methods:
>>
>> A gap is a window on a continuous function. A perfect gap is a step
>> function multiplying the continuous function.
>>
>> In the Fourier domain, the Fourier transform of the continuous function
>> on the input side of the gap is convolved with the Fourier transform of gap
>> (the step function).
>>
>> The Fourier transform of a step function is a sinc (sin(ax)/(ax))
>> function.
>>
>> The width of the main lobe of the sinc is inversely proportional to the
>> width of the gap.
>>
>> Consequently, the smaller the width of the gap, the more a given
>> frequency is distorted because the sinc is wider. Convolution applies the
>> sinc at each frequency of the input function.
>>
>> I think it gets more complicated when we add in sampling. If we take a
>> number of samples that is proportional to the width of the gap, then as we
>> make the gap smaller there are fewer samples, hence more reconstruction
>> issues which is the second, often overlooked, part of the sampling theorem.
>>
>> In the limit as the gap goes to zero width, there is no distortion to the
>> continuous function but in the digital world you could have only a single
>> sample.
>>
>> Ed
>> __
>>
>> Ed Angel
>>
>> Founding Director, Art, Research, Technology and Science Laboratory (ARTS
>> Lab)
>> Professor Emeritus of Computer Science, University of New Mexico
>>
>> 1017 Sierra Pinon
>> Santa Fe, NM 87501
>> 505-984-0136 (home)   edward.an...@gmail.com
>> 505-453-4944 (cell)  http://www.cs.unm.edu/~angel
>>
>>
>> On Sat, Aug 14, 20

[FRIAM] Tweet from XKCD Comic (@xkcdComic)

[Roger Frye]

XKCD Comic (@xkcdComic) tweeted at 8:08 PM on Wed, Apr 21, 2021:
Excel Lambda https://t.co/nKcOGM4O8b https://t.co/6n7ltzWAbE
https://t.co/XMqH0WSt8G
(https://twitter.com/xkcdComic/status/1385052798266404866?s=03)
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[FRIAM] After cracking the “sum of cubes” puzzle for 42, mathematicians discover a new solution for 3 | MIT News | Massachusetts Institute of Technology

[Roger Frye]

https://news.mit.edu/2021/solution-3-sum-cubes-puzzle-0311
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[FRIAM] How to divide a football cake

[Roger Frye]

https://sports.yahoo.com/spot-and-choose-the-overtime-idea-the-nfl-must-implement-171225104.html
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[FRIAM] Libertarian Walks into a Bear

[Roger Frye]

https://3quarksdaily.com/3quarksdaily/2021/02/what-do-you-call-a-republican-who-smokes-pot.html
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[FRIAM] Combining convolutional neural network with computational neuroscience to simulate cochlear mechanics

[Roger Frye]

https://techxplore.com/news/2021-02-combining-convolutional-neural-network-neuroscience.html
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[FRIAM] 12 Life Lessons From Mathematician and Philosopher Gian-Carlo Rota

[Roger Frye]

https://fs.blog/2021/02/gian-carlo-rota/
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Re: [FRIAM] coding versus music

[Roger Frye]

I agree wholeheartedly. The one computer course I got to take in my senior
year while majoring in electrical engineering and physics saved me from
electrocuting or irradiating myself in a lab. Computer math made such sense
to me that I could enjoy doing the assignments instead of fumbling through
vague theories and integrals.

On Wed, Feb 3, 2021 at 10:41 AM jon zingale  wrote:

> FWIW, my position is probably best summarized in an interview with Yuri
> Manin, where he states:
>
> "I have once translated a talk by Donald Knuth into Russian. In
> Uzbekistan, there was a meeting dedicated to Al'khorezmi. Knuth started
> his talk with a funny statement. In his opinion, the primary importance
> of computers for the mathematical community is that those people finally
> took to mathematics who were interested in mathematics but had an
> algorithmic sort of mind. Now they were able to do what they wanted.
> Before that, this subculture didn't exist. And Knuth was describing
> himself as a person whose mind is specially designed for writing software
> and how happy he was that, finally, he could do what he wanted to. I take
> this argument quite seriously and I do believe that among the community
> of future potential mathematicians there is a sub-community whose minds
> are better for writing computer programs than for proving theorems. In
> the last century, they probably would have proved theorems but nowadays
> they do not. I have a great suspicion that for example Euler today would
> spend much more of his time writing software because he spent so much of
> his time, e.g., in efforts of calculating tables of moon positions. And
> I believe that Gauss as well would spend much more time sitting in front
> of the screen."
>
> http://www.ega-math.narod.ru/Math/Manin.htm
>
>
>
> --
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>
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Re: [FRIAM] Another Abel prize interview

[Roger Frye]

I was volunteering in the public schools tutoring math. Went to a meeting
of tutors, met Reuben, and began a long friendship.

When I mentioned Reuben at work, one of my colleagues said that he took a
math course from Reuben, and what he remembered most was Reuben's
enthusiasm.


On Thu, Jan 21, 2021 at 9:02 AM Edward Angel  wrote:

> I first met Peter Lax when I was a grad student, He and my PhD advisor
> were good friends and he was visiting our group at USC. It turned out that
> Peter and I went to the same high school in NY, something he never forgot.
> I think it was when I was visiting my parents a little later that Peter
> invited me to give a talk at Courant. It was a pretty scary experience for
> a young grad student but it went well and we later had a wonderful lunch
> with his wife in Greenwich Village.
>
> It was much later when I came to NM and met Reuben that we realized our
> mathematical connections.
>
> Ed
> ___
>
> Ed Angel
>
> Founding Director, Art, Research, Technology and Science Laboratory
> (ARTS Lab)
> Professor Emeritus of Computer Science, University of New Mexico
>
> 1017 Sierra Pinon
> Santa Fe, NM 87501
> 505-984-0136 (home)   an...@cs.unm.edu
> 505-453-4944 (cell)  http://www.cs.unm.edu/~angel
>
> On Jan 21, 2021, at 8:38 AM, Roger Frye  wrote:
>
> Peter Lax, Mathematician: An Illustrated Memoir
> by Reuben Hersh
> <https://smile.amazon.com/s/ref=dp_byline_sr_book_1?ie=UTF8&field-author=Reuben+Hersh&text=Reuben+Hersh&sort=relevancerank&search-alias=books>
>  (Author)
>
> https://smile.amazon.com/Peter-Lax-Mathematician-Illustrated-Memoir/dp/1470417081/ref=sr_1_1
>
> On Thu, Jan 21, 2021 at 8:34 AM Frank Wimberly 
> wrote:
>
>> I know that Lax reviewed a late draft which suggests it was essentially
>> complete.
>>
>> Frank
>>
>> ---
>> Frank C. Wimberly
>> 140 Calle Ojo Feliz,
>> Santa Fe, NM 87505
>>
>> 505 670-9918
>> Santa Fe, NM
>>
>> On Thu, Jan 21, 2021, 8:30 AM Barry MacKichan <
>> barry.mackic...@mackichan.com> wrote:
>>
>>> Reuben said he was working on a biography of Peter Lax (his advisor).
>>> Does anyone know if he ever finished it?
>>>
>>> An aside. The first national math meeting I attended was in 1966. It was
>>> in San Francisco and I was at Stanford. It was where I finally was able to
>>> put faces to names. Peter Lax was one of the first ones I saw — his chin
>>> was unmistakable.
>>>
>>> —Barry
>>>
>>>
>>> On 20 Jan 2021, at 15:21, jon zingale wrote:
>>>
>>> mmm... perhaps even better is this one with Reuben's advisor:
>>> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TU1WNG68YfY&ab_channel=TheAbelPrize
>>>
>>> He talks about all kinds of good stuff: the work of Richtmyer, solutions,
>>> nonlinear approximations, carving semi-groups from unitary Lie groups in
>>> the
>>> study of scattering, and surprisingly the Riemann hypothesis in terms of
>>> decaying signals!
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> --
>>> Sent from: http://friam.471366.n2.nabble.com/
>>>
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>>>
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Re: [FRIAM] Another Abel prize interview

[Roger Frye]

Peter Lax, Mathematician: An Illustrated Memoir
by Reuben Hersh

 (Author)
https://smile.amazon.com/Peter-Lax-Mathematician-Illustrated-Memoir/dp/1470417081/ref=sr_1_1

On Thu, Jan 21, 2021 at 8:34 AM Frank Wimberly  wrote:

> I know that Lax reviewed a late draft which suggests it was essentially
> complete.
>
> Frank
>
> ---
> Frank C. Wimberly
> 140 Calle Ojo Feliz,
> Santa Fe, NM 87505
>
> 505 670-9918
> Santa Fe, NM
>
> On Thu, Jan 21, 2021, 8:30 AM Barry MacKichan <
> barry.mackic...@mackichan.com> wrote:
>
>> Reuben said he was working on a biography of Peter Lax (his advisor).
>> Does anyone know if he ever finished it?
>>
>> An aside. The first national math meeting I attended was in 1966. It was
>> in San Francisco and I was at Stanford. It was where I finally was able to
>> put faces to names. Peter Lax was one of the first ones I saw — his chin
>> was unmistakable.
>>
>> —Barry
>>
>>
>> On 20 Jan 2021, at 15:21, jon zingale wrote:
>>
>> mmm... perhaps even better is this one with Reuben's advisor:
>> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TU1WNG68YfY&ab_channel=TheAbelPrize
>>
>> He talks about all kinds of good stuff: the work of Richtmyer, solutions,
>> nonlinear approximations, carving semi-groups from unitary Lie groups in
>> the
>> study of scattering, and surprisingly the Riemann hypothesis in terms of
>> decaying signals!
>>
>>
>>
>> --
>> Sent from: http://friam.471366.n2.nabble.com/
>>
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>>
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[FRIAM] Ten computer codes that transformed science

[Roger Frye]

I'm sure others would make some changes to this list, but it hits many of
the big ones.
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-00075-2
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Re: [FRIAM] Applied Category Theory 2021 — Adjoint School – Azimuth

[Roger Frye]

Looks like results of previous classes were supposed to be written up at
the n-category-cafe.


On Mon, Jan 4, 2021 at 10:57 AM Frank Wimberly  wrote:

> Do I understand correctly that there are 4 or 5 projects and 4 members of
> each project.  I think I'll leave this for younger people like you Jon.
> Are the presentations and results available online?
>
> Frank
>
> On Mon, Jan 4, 2021 at 9:37 AM jon zingale  wrote:
>
>> cool. This topic looks particularly good:
>>
>> Topic: Extensions of coalgebraic dynamic logic
>> Mentors: Helle Hvid Hansen and Clemens Kupke
>>
>> Description: Coalgebra is a branch of category theory in which different
>> types of state-based systems are studied in a uniform framework,
>> parametric
>> in an endofunctor F:C → C that specifies the system type. Many of the
>> systems that arise in computer science, including
>> deterministic/nondeterministic/weighted/probabilistic automata, labelled
>> transition systems, Markov chains, Kripke models and neighbourhood
>> structures, can be modeled as F-coalgebras. Once we recognise that a class
>> of systems are coalgebras, we obtain general coalgebraic notions of
>> morphism, bisimulation, coinduction and observable behaviour.
>>
>> Modal logics are well-known formalisms for specifying properties of
>> state-based systems, and one of the central contributions of coalgebra has
>> been to show that modal logics for coalgebras can be developed in the
>> general parametric setting, and many results can be proved at the abstract
>> level of coalgebras. This area is called coalgebraic modal logic.
>>
>> In this project, we will focus on coalgebraic dynamic logic, a coalgebraic
>> framework that encompasses Propositional Dynamic Logic (PDL) and Parikh’s
>> Game Logic. The aim is to extend coalgebraic dynamic logic to system types
>> with probabilities. As a concrete starting point, we aim to give a
>> coalgebraic account of stochastic game logic, and apply the coalgebraic
>> framework to prove new expressiveness and completeness results.
>>
>> Participants in this project would ideally have some prior knowledge of
>> modal logic and PDL, as well as some familiarity with monads.
>>
>>
>>
>> --
>> Sent from: http://friam.471366.n2.nabble.com/
>>
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>>
>
>
> --
> Frank Wimberly
> 140 Calle Ojo Feliz
> Santa Fe, NM 87505
> 505 670-9918
>
> Research:  https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Frank_Wimberly2
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[FRIAM] Applied Category Theory 2021 — Adjoint School – Azimuth

[Roger Frye]

https://johncarlosbaez.wordpress.com/2021/01/02/applied-category-theory-2021-adjoint-school/
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[FRIAM] Plaing Go With Darwin

[Roger Frye]

David Krakauer has an article on go and evolution
http://nautil.us/issue/94/evolving/playing-go-with-darwin
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Re: [FRIAM] Trump as a victim

[Roger Frye]

My stumbling block is Stephen Miller. After some effort, I could muster up
Buddhist compassion for Trump and wish that he be healthy, strong and
happy. But I chastised myself for wishing Stephen Miller would get it when
I saw a picture of him walking next to Hope Hicks. Then when I heard that
he has it too, I couldn't help smiling.


On Wed, Oct 7, 2020 at 12:54 PM Jochen Fromm  wrote:

> I started to feel sorry for Donald when I saw him gasping for air on the
> balcony of the White House. We are all just humans, and he really seems to
> be a Covid19 victim. As Barack Obama said let us hope that the President
> and all those affected by the Coronavirus are getting the care they need
> and feel better soon.
>
> But shortly after the old Donald was back, and to me it looks like he has
> not learned much. No signs of remorse for his behavior, no pity for Covid19
> victims and no apology for the people he has infected in the last days.
> Instead we can see rage tweeting in uppercase (is his Caps Lock Key broken
> now?) in increasing intensity and frequency.
>
> How do you see it?
>
> -J.
>
>
>  Original message 
> From: Frank Wimberly 
> Date: 10/7/20 18:29 (GMT+01:00)
> To: The Friday Morning Applied Complexity Coffee Group 
>
> Subject: Re: [FRIAM] Trump as a victim
>
> I feel empathy and sympathy for the little baby Donald before the remote
> mother and the overweening father made their imprint on him.
>
> ---
> Frank C. Wimberly
> 140 Calle Ojo Feliz,
> Santa Fe, NM 87505
>
> 505 670-9918
> Santa Fe, NM
>
> On Wed, Oct 7, 2020, 9:38 AM Marcus Daniels  wrote:
>
>> Empathy requires attention and time, and anyone else is a better use of
>> it.   Quoting from Utopia, "What you have you done today to earn your place
>> in this big crowded world of ours?"
>>
>> -Original Message-
>> From: Friam  On Behalf Of u?l? ???
>> Sent: Wednesday, October 7, 2020 5:54 AM
>> To: FriAM 
>> Subject: Re: [FRIAM] Trump as a victim
>>
>> A collection of people, who shall remain nameless, recently tried to
>> shame me for objecting to their waste of empathy for poor lil ol Trump, in
>> light of his infection. One argument went something like "His father was
>> horrible." One primary argument went something like "empathy begets
>> empathy". Empathy is not zero-sum. Etc.
>>
>> I started my objection to all this Trump-as-a-victim talk by listing
>> several aspects of his CHARMED LIFE, like the fact that he's lucky enough
>> to have lived to a ripe old age (when so many of us die young), he was born
>> wealthy (when so many of us live our entire lives dirt poor), his stupid TV
>> show was wildly successful (when so many of us are serial failures), his
>> weaponized litigousness has benefited him throughout his life (when so many
>> of us can't even afford a lawyer). Etc.
>>
>> All that *privilege* has been bestowed upon him. And it seems, to me,
>> he's squandered it all. He reminds me of those pitiful pictures of Saddam
>> Hussein in court and then prison and then dead. Oh boo-hoo, poor little
>> dictator being mistreated. Such sentiments are not merely weird to me. If
>> game theory and the success of simplistic tit-for-tat has taught us
>> anything, it is that the algorithmic *depth* required to beat
>> straightforward (poetic) "justice" is academically interesting, but
>> pragmatically degenerate.
>>
>> So, no. I will not waste any of my finite lifetime feeling sorry for poor
>> lil ol Trump, our Privilege Squanderer in Chief. If that magically limits
>> my ability to empathize in some other context, so be it. If it implies that
>> when I die pathetically, under some bridge, eating partial hamburgers from
>> the Wendy's dumpster, my colleagues *rightly* avoid wasting their finite
>> lifetimes feeling sorry for me, then I'm ready for that day. Like it or
>> not, tu quoque is a fallacy.
>>
>> --
>> ↙↙↙ uǝlƃ
>>
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Re: [FRIAM] my data is bigger

[Roger Frye]

The article ends with a damning argument about FRIAM:

On one level, it’s ironic to find a philosopher—a professional
talker—arguing that science was born when philosophical talk was exiled to
the pub. On another, it makes sense that a philosopher would be attuned to
the power of how we talk and argue.


Along the way, cites a war as the reason people started to believe in
scientific experiment over idealistic theories and belief. I doubt that it
is as simple as this:

Why did the iron rule emerge when it did? Strevens takes us back to the
Thirty Years’ War, which concluded with the Peace of Westphalia, in 1648.
The war weakened religious loyalties and strengthened national ones.
Afterward, he writes, what mattered most “was that you were English or
French”; whether you were Anglican or Catholic became “your private
concern.” Two regimes arose: in the spiritual realm, the will of God held
sway, while in the civic one the decrees of the state were paramount. As
Isaac Newton wrote, “The laws of God & the laws of man are to be kept
distinct.” These new, “nonoverlapping spheres of obligation,” Strevens
argues, were what made it possible to imagine the iron rule. The rule
simply proposed the creation of a third sphere: in addition to God and
state, there would now be science.



On Mon, Sep 28, 2020 at 6:53 AM Roger Critchlow  wrote:

> https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2020/10/05/how-does-science-really-work
>
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Re: [FRIAM] maximally-stateful versus purely-functional: some thoughts on diffusion-limited aggregration

[Roger Frye]

Another direction is stateful computations over data streams as provided by
the Apache Flink server. https://flink.apache.org/


On Wed, Sep 9, 2020 at 1:52 PM Marcus Daniels  wrote:

> A distinction I would make is between simulations that track their state
> carefully versus those that fail to declare who mutates what.  This matters
> more in parallel simulations when two branches of execution can occur at
> once and it is possible for contention and incomplete updates.   A
> functional program doesn't need to have mechanisms for detailed access
> controls over the members in an class because one can see just by comparing
> function types whether it is possible for interference to occur.  f(Alice)
> and f(Bob) can run at once but f(Party,Alice) and f(Party,Bob) may need to
> be run like f(f(Party,Bob),Alice) if f returns a modified Party.
>
> -Original Message-
> From: Friam  On Behalf Of u?l? ???
> Sent: Wednesday, September 9, 2020 10:20 AM
> To: FriAM 
> Subject: Re: [FRIAM] maximally-stateful versus purely-functional: some
> thoughts on diffusion-limited aggregration
>
> I'm enjoying this conversation. It strikes me that, often anyway, the core
> concept is that of modeling, one thing acting *as if* it is another thing.
> Techniques like lazy evaluation and minimized side effects play a prominent
> role in one's choice of which "platform" or paradigm to use to model
> (including all 3 styles: simulate, emulate, or replace) some referent.
> Accidents, abuse, and creativity seem facilitated by state, whereas safety
> (though paradoxically not security) seems facilitated by function. I think
> one of the more difficult domains in which to have this discussion is
> epidemiology, where counterfactual methods for discovering/exploiting
> causality are difficult to execute. (E.g. predictions of COVID-19 deaths in
> rural areas "fail" because preventative measures based on those "false"
> predictions succeed.) A purely functional simulation, engineered to
> abstract out the (stateful) details cannot help evaluate counterfactual
> scenarios. Traditional AI/ML has the same problem. Models fail
> extensionally because they're intensionally unfaithful. Or in my preferred
> language, behavioral analogy fails because of a lack of structural analogy.
>
> On 9/9/20 8:24 AM, Roger Frye wrote:
> > Problems where the process is at least as important as the result vary
> greatly, so multiple types of implementation might apply.
> >
> > I think of Eugenio Moggi's monads as a way to cheat in functional
> programming by encapsulating extra state. Same with monads in category
> theory augmenting functors with data type. Same with posets as a way of
> associating structure onto undifferentiated sets. Same with closures in
> Lisp to bind the environment with a supposedly pure lambda function in
> order to have different behaviors.
> >
> > Memorizing and other forms of caching also bind external data, here with
> the specific goal of skipping repeated calculations or data transfers.
> >
> > I have used Petri nets to optimize multiple resources in a system of
> > elevators and to assign the parallel use of components of a CDC 1604
> computer. PROLOG is often applied to conundrum type problems. Same with
> Bayesian networks. In all these cases, precisely known logic rules drive
> the search for an optimal solution.
> >
> > Another approach in algorithmically intractable situations especially
> where the constraints are probability distributions is to search for hidden
> parameters given external structure with Markov Chain Monte Carlo
> simulation. Reinforcement learning is another example of searching a large
> process space.
> >
> > I lean toward distributed computations like swarms of evolving agents as
> a way of incorporating state and path dependence. I like the way random
> connections in reservoir computing mechanisms like liquid state machines
> and echo state networks can navigate chaotic processes and can be quickly
> retrained for different constraints.
> >
> > Finite element analysis could be adapted to solve diffusion limited
> aggregation or related problems. The "grid" would adapt during the
> simulation to work at the frontier of the bound and free states. This could
> apply more generally to Ising models and cellular automata where the
> computational focus is local and usually sparse.
> >
> > I say finite element "grid" because that has been the traditional way to
> cover large computational surfaces as in vector computing or GPUs or Tensor
> Processing Units, but more appropriate structures for local activity would
> be ragged arrays or other types o

Re: [FRIAM] maximally-stateful versus purely-functional: some thoughts on diffusion-limited aggregration

[Roger Frye]

Jon,
Thanks for the clarifications on your current focus.

Problems where the process is at least as important as the result vary
greatly, so multiple types of implementation might apply.

I think of Eugenio Moggi's monads as a way to cheat in functional
programming by encapsulating extra state. Same with monads in category
theory augmenting functors with data type. Same with posets as a way of
associating structure onto undifferentiated sets. Same with closures in
Lisp to bind the environment with a supposedly pure lambda function in
order to have different behaviors.

Memorizing and other forms of caching also bind external data, here with
the specific goal of skipping repeated calculations or data transfers.

I have used Petri nets to optimize multiple resources in a system of
elevators and to assign the parallel use of components of a CDC 1604
computer. PROLOG is often applied to conundrum type problems. Same with
Bayesian networks. In all these cases, precisely known logic rules drive
the search for an optimal solution.

Another approach in algorithmically intractable situations especially where
the constraints are probability distributions is to search for hidden
parameters given external structure with Markov Chain Monte Carlo
simulation. Reinforcement learning is another example of searching a large
process space.

I lean toward distributed computations like swarms of evolving agents as a
way of incorporating state and path dependence. I like the way random
connections in reservoir computing mechanisms like liquid state machines
and echo state networks can navigate chaotic processes and can be quickly
retrained for different constraints.

Finite element analysis could be adapted to solve diffusion limited
aggregation or related problems. The "grid" would adapt during the
simulation to work at the frontier of the bound and free states. This could
apply more generally to Ising models and cellular automata where the
computational focus is local and usually sparse.

I say finite element "grid" because that has been the traditional way to
cover large computational surfaces as in vector computing or GPUs or Tensor
Processing Units, but more appropriate structures for local activity would
be ragged arrays or other types of sparse structures implementing
quasi-crystaline patterns or random graphs.

Quantum simulation of molecular networks seems like the ultimate way to
distribute computation and state with infinite numbers of paths.


On Tue, Sep 8, 2020, 8:57 PM Jon Zingale  wrote:

> RogerF,
>
> What I am calling *maximally-stateful* is a limiting notion opposed to
> that of *purely functional*. Effectively, a *maximally stateful* process
> is one whose side-effects dominate the computation, with little else
> analytically calculable. At present, I am thinking of things like clouds,
> cellular automata, or the geological history of a mountain. I am thinking
> about computations where: the term *process* is more apt than *function*,
> computations whose specification may be trivial and yet depend crucially
> on their initial conditions, the evolving *process* manifests in bouts of
> combinatorial explosions, the *intension* matters more than the
> *extension*,
> and any particular run is unambiguously path-dependent.
>
> Some time ago, on the list, Glen mentioned diffusion-limited aggregation
> (DLA) in the context of our on-going discussions centered around modal
> logic, determinism, and epiphenomena. Glen suggested DLAs as an example
> of where the conceptual cleanliness of algebraic thinking, categorical
> thought, and *purely functional* programming may be disadvantageous to the
> reasoner. Part of his criticism focuses on insufficient characterization
> by way of Poset-centric descriptions. Inspired by Glen's skepticism, I
> set out to explore what forms *purely functional* diffusion-limited
> aggregation may take. To a first approximation, the computation may
> be understood as a function taking a pair of lists to a pair of lists,
>
> DLA1 :: ([Free], [Bound]) -> ([Free], [Bound]),
> where Free and Bound are type synonymous with a general particle type.
>
> Initially, the collection [Bound] consists of stationary germs and the
> collection [Free] consists of random walking particles. As freely moving
> particles enter the neighborhoods of bound particles, the free particles
> themselves become bound. Functionally, we can interpret the function as a
> process taking elements from the left list to elements of the right list.
> However, if this were all the was to say about the problem then we could
> be done with it and simply write:
>
> DLA1 (fs, bs) = ([], fs ++ bs)
>
> However, this isn't the case. We want more from a DLA, namely its state.
> We are not just concerned with the fact *that* free particles become
> bound,
> but with *how* these particles become bound, the *intensional* content of
> the
> computation, its stateful nature. Further, we may concern ourselves with
> sensitivity to path-de

Re: [FRIAM] Programming Languages

[Roger Frye]

Galileo wrote in Italian in *Opera Il Saggiatore*

[The universe] cannot be read until we have learnt the language and become
familiar with the characters in which it is written. It is written in
mathematical language, and the letters are triangles, circles and other
geometrical figures, without which means it is humanly impossible to
comprehend a single word.


On Sat, Aug 8, 2020 at 10:55 PM Russell Standish 
wrote:

> On Sat, Aug 08, 2020 at 11:13:36AM -0600, Prof David West wrote:
> >
> > For specific domains, a language that allows easy, straightforward
> expression
> > of domain concepts is superior. COBOL for business applications, FORTRAN
> > (FORTRESS, Guy Steele's parallel FORTRAN) for physics, and some
> intentional
> > DSL's.
>
> I disagree with Fortran being ideal for Physics - probably some
> combination of Python or Julia would be. Actually, I'm hard pressed to
> find an obvious niche for Fortran these days - C++ is now a better
> language for High Performance Computing applications, for
> instance. Fortran has hung around in certain areas for cultural
> reasons.
>
> Can't comment too much about Cobol for business applications, but I
> would have thought Java or C# might be more suited.
>
>
>
> --
>
>
> 
> Dr Russell StandishPhone 0425 253119 (mobile)
> Principal, High Performance Coders hpco...@hpcoders.com.au
>   http://www.hpcoders.com.au
>
> 
>
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[FRIAM] Fundamental Theorems

[Roger Frye]

Oliver Knill  a math prof
at Harvard has posted a list and description of the fundamental theorems.
You can download a PDF here .

Here is the beginning:

Abstract. An expository hitchhikers guide to some theorems in mathematics.
Criteria for the current list of 135 theorems are whether the result can be
formulated elegantly, whether it is beautiful or useful and whether it
could serve as a guide [5] without leading to panic


The list starts with paragraphs on

   1. prime factorization
   2. Pythagoras

and currently ends with 134 and 135

   - Einstein Field Equations
   - Hall Stable Marriage

The second half of the paper goes into a much longer discussion and
teaching.for the Harvard Extension class E 320.
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[FRIAM] Ron Graham obituary | Mathematics | The Guardian

[Roger Frye]

https://www.theguardian.com/science/2020/aug/03/ron-graham-obituary
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[FRIAM] John Baez on Noether

[Roger Frye]

I don't understand this but it is beautiful, and I wish I could step into
this world.

https://johncarlosbaez.wordpress.com/2020/06/29/noethers-theorem-2/amp/?__twitter_impression=true
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Re: [FRIAM] Fwd: Important Article

[Roger Frye]

Thank you, Frank. I forwarded the article to twitter.

On Tue, Jun 16, 2020 at 11:35 AM Marcus Daniels 
wrote:

> I was about to say the same thing, but sarcastically.   Good and evil is
> subjective.   It’s an election, as you say.
>
>
>
> *From: *Friam  on behalf of Frank Wimberly <
> wimber...@gmail.com>
> *Reply-To: *The Friday Morning Applied Complexity Coffee Group <
> friam@redfish.com>
> *Date: *Tuesday, June 16, 2020 at 10:33 AM
> *To: *The Friday Morning Applied Complexity Coffee Group <
> friam@redfish.com>
> *Subject: *Re: [FRIAM] Fwd: Important Article
>
>
>
> You know who is not decent.
>
>
>
> ---
> Frank C. Wimberly
> 140 Calle Ojo Feliz,
> Santa Fe, NM 87505
>
> 505 670-9918
> Santa Fe, NM
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Re: [FRIAM] science privilege — fork from acid epistemology

[Roger Frye]

Another relevant word is "sous rature", which translates as "under
erasure". Originally used by Heidegger when discussing Being, and extended
by Derrida. It refers to the practice of writing a word and crossing it out
so that the original can still be seen. It means that the word is not
totally suitable, but it is the best available.

On Tue, Mar 17, 2020 at 11:14 AM Prof David West 
wrote:

> QWAN - Quality Without A Name - from Christopher Alexander, most
> prominently in his book *The Timeless Way of Building*. Got into Software
> world via the patterns community and the Gamma, Helm, Johnson, and
> Vlissides book, *Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented
> Software.*
>
> Alexander claimed that some architecture exhibited QWAN and that it was
> cross-cultural and universally recognized. His last work — the four volume
> Nature of Order — replaced QWAN with "Liveness" which arises from fifteen
> properties: e.g. centers, boundaries, deep interlock and ambiguity, etc.
>
> davew
>
>
> On Tue, Mar 17, 2020, at 4:34 PM, Frank Wimberly wrote:
>
> Who knew this:
>
> Qwan dictionary definition | qwan defined - YourDictionary
> qwan. Acronym. Quality Without A Name - in computer programming QWAN
> refers to a more metaphysical attribute that expresses elegancy of code.
>
> ?
> ---
> Frank C. Wimberly
> 505 670-9918
> Santa Fe, NM
>
> On Tue, Mar 17, 2020, 8:52 AM Steven A Smith  wrote:
>
> Dave -
>
> I myself am having an ineffable experience just now, as my drive through
> the big-rock country has taken on a Mad Max quality (simile borrowed from a
> friend on his own Hellride back up the coast of CA after retrieving his
> college son, with counties closing down behind him as he rolls through).
> FWIW, I was pretty close to your brother's place on this trip but didn't
> give over to the thought of stopping by and asking if I could help dig an
> extra bunker or two.   Bunker rhymes with hunker.
>
> I think your enumeration of "reasons" for "cannot express in words" covers
> the space well, but as a self-referential example naturally fails for many
> of the reasons you cite.   It is rather concise to reference "knowing
> ABOUT" vs "knowing", the biggest failing I find amongst our discussions
> here on FriAM... perhaps convenings of the Mother Church itself do better?
>
> I am also reminded of JIddu Krishnamurti's "cousin", also a Krishnamurti
> who, when asked of Jiddu's knowledge/wisdom/perception reluctantly replied
> "Jiddu has held the sugar cube in the palm of his hand, but he has not
> tasted it".
>
> Context;SignVsSignifier;Incompleteness;Paradox;EtCetera
>
> We have words/phrases LIKE ineffable;QWAN;je ne sais quois "for a reason"
> though circularly, said reason cannot be described, merely "gestured in the
> direction of"?
>
> Carry On,
>
>  - Steve
>
> PS.  The Sheriff shut down Durango just as we slipped into a motel here
> and will be raiding *their* City Market before we drive toward home...  Gas
> tank is fullish, within range I think, though fueling is not closed, just
> virtually everything else.   I will check for TP there out of curiosity,
> but we have a dozen rolls at home unless our house-sitter snatched them all
> for HER hoard.   Time to start raking, drying, sorting the cottonwood
> leaves methinks!   Are you sorry you are in Weesp rather than Utah for this
> incipient "Jackpot"?
> On 3/17/20 4:16 AM, Prof David West wrote:
>
> Hi Nick,
>
> You are correct: I assert that you can know things of which you cannot
> speak; but there is still too much ambiguity in that statement. It would be
> more correct to say: some experiences are not expressible in words. I am
> making a narrow, but ubiquitous, claim — ubiquitous, because all of us have
> a ton of experiences that we cannot express in words.
>
> Another dimension of precision, "cannot express in words" can mean: 1) we
> do not have enough words; 2) we do not have the right words; 3) any
> expression in words fails the capture the whole of the experience; 4)
> translating the experience to words creates a conflict (e.g. a paradox) in
> the words that was not present in the experience; 5) words are mere symbols
> (pointers or representations) and never the "thing" itself (Korzibski); 6)
> missing context;  and/or 7) the grammar of the language mandates untrue or
> less than true assertions.  Probably a few other ways that language fails.
>
> This is not to deny the possibility of a language that could express some
> of these experiences. We have myths of such languages; e.g. The language of
> the birds that Odin used to communicate with Huggin and Muninn. Maybe there
> is some element of fact behind the myths?
>
> It does not preclude using words in a non-representational way to
> communicate. Words can be evocative, recall to present experience,
> experiences past. Poetry does this. Nor does it preclude non-verbal, e.g.
> painting, as an evocative means of "bring to mind" experiences. (There is a
> lot of evidence that evocation

Re: [FRIAM] Celeste Kidd - How to Know

[Roger Frye]

On Fri, Feb 14, 2020 at 8:59 AM Roger Critchlow  wrote:

>
>
>> When several hypotheses are presented to our mind which we believe to be
>> mutually exclusive and exhaustive, but about which we know nothing further,
>> we distribute our belief equally among them  This being admitted as an
>> account of the way in which we actually do distribute our belief in simple
>> cases, the whole of the subsequent theory follows as a deduction of the way
>> in which we must distribute it in complex cases if we would be consistent.
>
>
>
>> -- W. F. Donkits.
>
>
> The epigram by W. F. Donkits in this paper is apparently the only place
> his name appears on the internet.
>

The proper attribution is
W. F. Donkin, Prof of Astronomy, Oxford
May 1851 Article XLVII
Phil. Mag. S. $. Vol. 1. No.5. May 1851.
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Fishburn_Donkin

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[FRIAM] Reuben has passed on

[Roger Frye]

Out friend Reuben Hersh died Thursday night. He had been failing for the
past few weeks.
His son Daniel is making arrangements.
-Roger

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[FRIAM] Scant evidence of power laws

[Roger Frye]

https://www.quantamagazine.org/scant-evidence-of-power-laws-found-in-real-world-networks-20180215/

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Re: [FRIAM] Run with a single bit?

[Roger Frye]

The Turing machine worked on tapes of bits.

On Sun, Jul 2, 2017 at 10:16 AM, Barry MacKichan <
barry.mackic...@mackichan.com> wrote:

> “How, or what, can you do with a "single bit."?“
>
> Start a discussion on Friam.
>
> --Barry
>
> On 1 Jul 2017, at 23:42, Tom Johnson wrote:
>
> Friam Friends:
>
> A recent article
> 
> passed along by George Duncan says:
>
> "Now, Varma's team in India and Microsoft researchers in Redmond,
> Washington, (the entire project is led by lead researcher Ofer Dekel) have
> figured out how to *compress neural networks, the synapses of Machine
> Learning, down from 32 bits to, sometimes, a single bit *and run them on
> a $10 Raspberry Pi
> ,
> a low-powered, credit-card-sized computer with a handful of ports and no
> screen."
>
> How, or what, can you do with a "single bit."?
>
> TJ
>
> 
> Tom Johnson
> Institute for Analytic Journalism   -- Santa Fe, NM USA
> 505.577.6482 <(505)%20577-6482>(c)
> 505.473.9646 <(505)%20473-9646>(h)
> Society of Professional Journalists 
> *Check out It's The People's Data
> *
> http://www.jtjohnson.com   t...@jtjohnson.com
> 
>
> 
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Re: [FRIAM] Run with a single bit?

[Roger Frye]

It's the width of the channel.  They had been reducing the precision of the
floating point numbers being transmitted between nodes from 64 bits to 16
and then to 8 bit bytes.  Nothing to prevent you from reducing to a more
complicated network of on/off channels.

Reminds me of my early days in computing when I wanted to boot one computer
from another.  I keyed in a one-bit loader in the empty computer.  Then ran
a single wire from a console light on the live computer to an input switch
on the empty one and transmitted the code for a more flexible loader over
the wire.
-Roger


On Sat, Jul 1, 2017 at 11:42 PM, Tom Johnson  wrote:

> Friam Friends:
>
> A recent article
> 
> passed along by George Duncan says:
>
> "Now, Varma's team in India and Microsoft researchers in Redmond,
> Washington, (the entire project is led by lead researcher Ofer Dekel) have
> figured out how to *compress neural networks, the synapses of Machine
> Learning, down from 32 bits to, sometimes, a single bit *and run them on
> a $10 Raspberry Pi
> ,
> a low-powered, credit-card-sized computer with a handful of ports and no
> screen."
>
> How, or what, can you do with a "single bit."?
>
> TJ
>
> 
> Tom Johnson
> Institute for Analytic Journalism   -- Santa Fe, NM USA
> 505.577.6482 <(505)%20577-6482>(c)
> 505.473.9646 <(505)%20473-9646>(h)
> Society of Professional Journalists 
> *Check out It's The People's Data
> *
> http://www.jtjohnson.com   t...@jtjohnson.com
> 
>
> 
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Re: [FRIAM] Trump right again?

[Roger Frye]

And it happened after Trump said it.  One might argue for causality.

On Tue, Feb 21, 2017 at 12:04 PM, Barry MacKichan <
barry.mackic...@mackichan.com> wrote:

> Chrome translates the Dagbladet page if you say the language is Norwegian,
> not Swedish (!). It looks like it was a small group throwing stones and
> lighting fire to some parked cars — something I’ll gladly put up with in
> order to preserve my rights as given in the Bill of Rights.
>
> --Barry
>
> On 21 Feb 2017, at 11:05, Owen Densmore wrote:
>
> There's a meme floating around that Trump, as awful as he is, has been
> right and ignored for it. This from a retweet I happened across:
> http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2017-02-20/meanwhile-rioting-
> breaks-out-sweden
>
> God this is a weird world. And accelerating!
>
>-- Owen
>
> 
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Re: [FRIAM] Complex Numbers .. the end of the line?

[Roger Frye]

On Jan 23, 2012, at 5:38 PM, Owen Densmore wrote:
> The obvious question is "what next"?  I.e. if we look at complex numbers at 
> 2-tuples with a peculiar algebra, shouldn't we expect 3-tuples and more that 
> are needed for operations beyond polynomial equations?

The Fundamental Theorem of Algebra states that complex numbers suffice.  But 
that only means if you all you need is to do is express the solutions of 
polynomial equations.  Abel showed that they do not suffice to solve quintics.  
Trigonometric functions allow easy solution of cubic equations with real roots, 
and Ramanujan used theta functions extensively.

Hamilton felt the need for quaternions, which are convenient for 3-D 
transformations.  There are generalizations in many directions: hypergeometric 
functions, Hestenes geometric algebra,  Carl pointed to Baez and octonions, 
which go on to Clifford Algebras.  Penrose has long advocated spinors as 
fundamental.  But conventional mathematical physics chose to generalize in the 
direction of linear operators and functional calculus.

Carl said it nicely as
> Suspect you are about to pop out of algebra and end up someplace else as 
> interesting.

-Roger



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Re: [FRIAM] Name this spider

[Roger Frye]

We have one outside our front door tonight, and it hides during the day.
It seems to be harmless, and the back looks like a smiley face.
We think it is an orange crab spider (google that for images).


On Oct 8, 2010, at 7:59 PM, Robert J. Cordingley wrote:

>  Hoping there's someone on this list that knows something about spiders in 
> New Mexico... There were two of these hanging out just on the outside of my 
> house in Santa Fe.  One had made a large somewhat circular web about 2 ft 
> across.  At night it would sit in the middle, during the day it would hide in 
> a corner.  You can get an idea of the size from the tines of the dining fork. 
>   I think they are big.   I've not yet been successful in finding anything 
> online that seems to come any where close.  Any ideas on what type it is, 
> should I be worried?
> 
> Let me know if you'd like a higher res. image.
> 
> Thanks,
> Robert C
> 
> 
> FRIAM Applied Complexity Group listserv
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Re: [FRIAM] ambiguity and mathematics

[Roger Frye]

I think Thurston gives a great example of ambiguity in his paper "On Proof and 
Progress in Mathematics," where he lists 7+1 ways of understanding the 
derivative.  Infinitesimal, Symbolic, Logical, Geometric, Rate, Approximation, 
Microscopic + "... Lagrangian section of the cotangent bundle ...."

-Roger Frye

On Dec 29, 2009, at 12:09 PM, ERIC P. CHARLES wrote:

> Well, of course, all of this (Glen and Nick's posts) is ignoring the obvious 
> fact that ambiguity is the antithesis of mathematics. Of course (?!?), there 
> is a nuanced resolution of this tension, having something to do with a 
> difference in worlds between the lofty professor and the practical man, but 
> I'm not sure what it is. 
> 
> When a teacher asks a student what 2+2 is (hint: 4), the length of the area 
> of a circle with radius 1 (hint: pie), what the integral of a given function 
> is, whether a given number is prime or not, etc. etc. etc., the student 
> doesn't get full credit for saying "Its ambiguous, and the world is better 
> that way!" I doubt anyone would argue that students and lower-level teachers 
> of mathematics are completely wrong in their view that these questions have 
> unambiguous answers. (Though surely some will claim the problems are not 
> adequately specified. For example, is the circle in euclidean space?) So, how 
> do we reconcile claims that ambiguity is at the heart of mathematics with the 
> obvious truth that mathematicians really like producing, teaching, and 
> preaching about unambiguous things?
> 
> Also, re Glen's post specifically, I think there is value in discriminating 
> between accidental and intentional ambiguity. Not all claims of ambiguity is 
> are claims of ignorance, sometimes situations are actually ambiguous and 
> therefore claims of ambiguity are claims of knowledge. For an example of the 
> former, I may claim that the pitter patter on my roof "May be acorns falling 
> or it may be rain, its ambiguous". In that case, we all agree that it either 
> IS acorns OR rain (while retaining the chance it is both), and it is clear 
> that I am stating my ignorance as to which it is. For an example of the 
> latter, we might ask whether George W.'s "Free Speech Zones" were protecting 
> people's freedom of speech. One possible answer to that question, one that 
> expresses a good understanding of the situation, NOT severe ignorance, might 
> be "In some ways it technically was, but in other ways it severely undermined 
> freedom speech, so the situation is ambiguous." On a lighter note, many jokes 
> an innuendo take advantage of ambiguity, and if you don't think the situation 
> is ambiguous, you won't get it. For example, I once shot an elephant in my 
> pajamas. what he was doing in my bedroom I'll never know. 
> 
> Eric
> 
> 
> On Tue, Dec 29, 2009 01:21 PM, "glen e. p. ropella" 
>  wrote:
> This perspective is the essential gist of Robert Rosen's message, if
> you
> 
> carve off all the surrounding sophistry.  Ambiguity is the essence
> of
> 
> life.  If we specialize down into mathematicians, we can say
> that
> 
> ambiguity is the essence of mathematics, as practiced by the animals
> we
> 
> call mathematicians.
> 
> To some extent, this may seem to trivialize
> what Byers and Bohm are
> 
> saying; but I don't think it does.  It just places
> it in a larger context.
> 
> 
> But the paradox Nick points out extends beyond
> the "mathematics
> 
> itself"
> question, in tact, up to the "life itself"
> question.  And that brings
> 
> me
> to my current comment:
> 
> Asserting
> that ambiguity is the heart of _anything_ is, essentially,
> 
> "begging the
> question" or petitio principii.  Ambiguity is just
> 
> multi-valued-ness, the
> ability of a [im]predicate [grin] to take on one
> 
> value when evaluated in one
> context and another value when evaluated in
> 
> another context.  Hence,
> ambiguity is (like randomness) a statement of
> 
> ignorance.
> 
> So, there
> are 2 ways to parse the situation (and the quote from Byers)
> 
> as a statement
> of ignorance:
> 
> 
> 1) Saying "ambiguity is the heart of math" is saying
> "we
> 
> really don't
> understand what we're doing when we do math",
> or
> 
> 
> 2) Saying "ambiguity is the heart of math" is an expression
> that
> 
> math is
> a _method_, not knowledge ... an approach, not a thing to be
> approached.
> 
> 
> Both are compatible with the "mechanism" that Rosen rails
> about.  But
> 

[FRIAM] Chicken brain parameter space

[Roger Frye]

I can't tell whether this works in real life, but researchers found a collapse 
in the parameter space of a neural circuit in a chicken brain:
http://www.brainmysteries.com/research/Inside_the_chicken_brain.asp



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[FRIAM] Thurston vs Jaffe and Quinn

[Roger Frye]

I think it is important to look at William Thurston's paper
ON PROOF AND PROGRESS IN MATHEMATICS
http://front.math.ucdavis.edu/math.HO/9404236
in the context of the very provocative article which stimulated it by Arthur 
Jaffe and Frank Quinn
“THEORETICAL MATHEMATICS”: TOWARD A CULTURAL SYNTHESIS OF MATHEMATICS 
AND THEORETICAL PHYSICS
http://front.math.ucdavis.edu/math.HO/9307227
and in the context of the 15 solicited replies to Jaffe & Quinn
http://front.math.ucdavis.edu/math.HO/9404229
and finally in the context of the response of Jaffe & Quinn to Thurston and the 
gang of 15
http://front.math.ucdavis.edu/math.HO/9404231

Jaffe and Quinn ask whether speculative mathematics is dangerous, urge caution, 
and prescribe 3 types of self censorship that most, but not all, of the 
distinguished responders think would stifle mathematics.  J&Q frame their 
argument by an analogy between theoretical and experimental physics on the one 
hand and speculative and proved mathematics on the other.  Several responders 
raise objections to the analogy.  I think the most damning is an observation by 
Enrico Fermi that is misquoted by responder Daniel Friedan.  J&Q see proof as 
validating a conjecture and rendering it useful for posterity or as disproving 
it and showing that the conjecture should not have been made.  Fermi's comment 
on physical experiment is "There are two possible outcomes: if the result 
confirms the hypothesis, then you've made a measurement. If the result is 
contrary to the hypothesis, then you've made a discovery."

Part of what makes the article by J&Q so provocative is that they judge several 
living mathematicians.   Here is what they say about Thruston:
William Thurston’s “geometrization theorem” concerning structures on 
Haken three-manifolds
is another often-cited example. A grand insight delivered with 
beautiful but insufficient hints,
the proof was never fully published. For many investigators this 
unredeemed claim became
a roadblock rather than an inspiration.

They are not alone in this judgment.  One of the responders, Armand Borel, 
thinks that the Thurston program is harmful.  On the other hand, Saunders Mac 
Lane makes a nice analogy between intuition and faith:
Mathematics requires both intuitive work (e.g., Gromov, Thurston) and 
precision (J. Frank Adams, J.-P Serre).
In theological terms, we are not saved by faith alone, but by faith and 
works.

What a breath of fresh air to read Thurston's honest and inspiring vision, 
which even J&Q appreciate, though with qualifications:
Thurston himself may obtain satisfactory understanding through informal 
channels,
but he is a mathematician of extraordinary power and should be very 
careful about
extrapolating from his experiences to the needs of others.

Thurston replies to J&Q's concerns indirectly by framing his own questions and 
by concentrating on the "positive rather than on the contranegative."  He has 
learned from an early mistake of killing the field of foliations by proving 
everything in sight and documenting it "in a conventional, formidable 
mathematician’s style."  Now he is more concerned with how humans personally 
understand mathematics.

Thurston's answer seems to be that within a field, there is a common 
understanding of which published proofs can be trusted and which are known to 
be false.  There is a flow of ideas that can take a long time to communicate 
even to an expert in a related field.  But he trusts that flow more than he 
trusts formality: "Most mathematicians adhere to foundational principles that 
are known to be polite fictions."

Thurston admits that the field of low dimensional topology may need a more 
intuitive approach than "more algebraic or symbolic fields." And this judgment 
is borne out by several of the responders to J&Q, when discussing Poincaré.  
About his mistakes, Morris Hirsch says, "Poincaré in his work on Analysis Situs 
was being as rigorous as he could, and certainly was not consciously 
speculative."  At the other end of the spectrum, Benoit Mandelbrot says
In the recently published letters from Hermite, his mentor, to 
Mittag-Leffler, there are constant complaints
about Poincar ́e’s unwillingness to heed well-intentioned advice and 
polish and publish full proofs.
Concluding that Poincar ́e was incurable, Hermite and E. Picard (who 
inherited his mantle) shunned Poincaré,
prevented him from teaching mathematics, and made him teach 
mathematical physics, then astronomy.

What a shame that mathematicians who are not understood by their contemporaries 
(Fourier, Galois, Poincaré, etc.) are ignored.  ON the other hand, we do need 
standards.  I do agree that speculation is dangerous, but that is what makes it 
so important.

-Roger

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Re: [FRIAM] Philosophy, Mathematics, and Science

[Roger Frye]

Gowers edited the magnificent Princeton Companion to Mathematics
http://press.princeton.edu/titles/8350.html
It's a bargain at $0.10/page.

On Jul 12, 2009, at 5:45 PM, Robert Holmes wrote:

By the way, if anyone feels like exercising their gray matter, the  
author of VSI Mathematics (Timothy Gowers) has a rather nice math- 
oriented blog at http://gowers.wordpress.com




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Re: [FRIAM] The unreasonable Effectiveness of ABMs in ComplexSystems

[Roger Frye]

Reuben Hersh, rhe...@gmail.com,
but you probably think of him as a mathematician.

On Apr 28, 2009, at 10:15 PM, Nicholas Thompson wrote:


I am talking about real live philosophers, right here in santa fe.

Anybody know any?

N

Nicholas S. Thompson
Emeritus Professor of Psychology and Ethology,
Clark University (nthomp...@clarku.edu)
http://home.earthlink.net/~nickthompson/naturaldesigns/





[Original Message]
From: Steve Smith 
To: The Friday Morning Applied Complexity Coffee Group >

Date: 4/28/2009 9:59:16 PM
Subject: Re: [FRIAM] The unreasonable Effectiveness of ABMs in

ComplexSystems


Owen Densmore wrote:



Does anybody know a good philosopher or two with time on their  
hands?


Just out of curiosity: why a philosopher?  Why not a
scientist/mathematician?  The book looked interesting when you  
brought

it to Friam.

   -- Owen

I'd recommend a Scientist with good Mathematical skills who also
understands the broader context of Science and Mathematics which
probably makes them something of a Philosopher as well.

There are plenty of Philosophers who would not have much to offer  
here,

but possibly as many Scientists and Mathematicians as well.

- Steve

PS. re: Bedau and Humphreys, EMERGENCE.  MIT 2008.  - I'd be  
reading it

myself I weren't so busy reading (and writing) all these e-mails!


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Roger Frye, 505-670-8840
Qforma, Inc. (formerly CommodiCast)
INNOVATE, NAVIGATE, SURPASS
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Re: [FRIAM] random vs pseudo-random

[Roger Frye]

There are two conflicting definitions of randomness being used here.   
The purpose of a pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) on a computer  
is to provide a sequence of numbers that is statistically  
indistinguishable from random noise.  Good PRNG cover their range  
completely and do not show any obvious patterns in the sequence of  
digits.  This statistical randomness is different from Chaitin's  
informational randomness.


The digits of pi are statistically random, even though they are  
completely determined. They could be used as a PRNG, but you would  
prefer a faster algorithm than one of the ones that can be used to  
generate the digits of pi.  These algorithms are much shorter than the  
theoretically infinite number of digits of pi that they could generate.


The linear congruential generator that Critchlow describes is quite  
short, but generates long streams of numbers before it repeats.  So it  
is useful for making up seemingly random sentences or pictures or  
other objects.  This generator shows a streaking pattern if you use it  
to choose a pair of numbers as coordinates for where to plot a pixel,  
so there are some applications where it would not be considered random  
enough, but there are many others where it would be sufficient.


The successive digits of the square root of a prime number can be used  
as a PRNG, but when pairs of numbers are used as coordinates for a  
plot, they fill the space in a very predictable pattern.  Algorithms  
like this are called quasi-random number generators.  Another example  
would be the points on Peano's space-filling curve.  For most  
applications, this regular, non-overlapping coverage would be  
undesirable, but for many Monte Carlo applications, it provides order  
N convergence, which is a huge improvement over the order N^2  
convergence provided by a purely random sequence or by most PRNG.


-Roger Frye

On Apr 23, 2009, at 1:05 AM, Nicholas Thompson wrote:



Hi, everybody,

Now that the recent burst of metaphysics is completed, I was curious  
about your take on the following quote, which is from a footnote in  
Dennett's Real Patterns:


"More precisely: 'A series of numbers is random if the smallest  
algorithm capable of specifying it to a computer has about the same  
number of bits of information as the series itself" (Chaitin, p.  
48).   This what explalins the fact that the random number generator  
built into most computers is not really properly named, since it is  
some function describable in a few bits (a littlesubroutine that is  
called for some output whenver a program reuires a 'random' number  
or series).


So far it all makes sense to me.  But now Dennett adds the following  
comment:


If I send you the descriptoin of the pseudo-random number generator  
on my computer, you can use it to generate exactly the same infinite  
series of random-seeming digits.


Now, it seems to me that IF the behavior of a pseudo-random number  
generator IS describable in a very few bits ... if it is a SMALL  
program ..., then the pattern it generates is also describable with  
enormous savings and it is not, by Dennetts definition, anything  
like random.  It might by mysterious, but no where near RANDOM.
Can anybody help me understand this.  (Please try to say something  
more helpful than the well-deserved, "Well, why do you THINK they  
call it pseudo-random, you dummy?")What DOES a pseudo randomizing  
program look like?


Nicholas S. Thompson
Emeritus Professor of Psychology and Ethology,
Clark University (nthomp...@clarku.edu)
http://home.earthlink.net/~nickthompson/naturaldesigns/


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Re: [FRIAM] Rosen, and mapping

[Roger Frye]

I agree with Russell and Carl, but a couple of mathematical examples  
might help.

Consider the mapping (i.e. arrow) from a pair of factors to their  
product.  There is not a unique reverse mapping from the product to  
the factors.  Also, if the factors are positive, consider the mapping  
from them to their individual logarithms; then a mapping from that  
pair to their sum.  The logarithm and anti-logarithm provide a two  
directional arrow between the sum and product, allowing sums of  
logarithms to be used in place of multiplication.

Andrew Wiles summarized the problem of Fermat's Last Theorem as  
knowing that there were arrows in one direction between elliptic  
curves, modular forms and galois fields, but needing to show that one  
of the arrows could be reversed for the particular elliptic curve that  
represented a^n+b^n=c^n for n>5.
-Roger

On Aug 9, 2008, at 9:14 PM, Russell Standish wrote:

> The standard language of maps (aka functions) over sets will give you
> want you want. Category theory is not needed.
>
> On Sat, Aug 09, 2008 at 08:58:02PM -0600, Nicholas Thompson wrote:
>> Roseners, and anybody else vaguely interested in category theory.
>>
>> Rosen seems to be interested in situations in which A maps to B but  
>> not all the values in B can be generated by the mapping.
>>
>> this is a lot like the Intension and the Extension of an  
>> utterance.  I say with assurance that Mrs. Vanderbilt wished to  
>> sail on the Titanic.  In this case, Mrs Vanderbilt's "wanting" is a  
>> function  (mathematical sense) that maps from her wants to a subset  
>> of the properties of the Titanic.  All the properties of the  
>> Titanic constitute (in philosophic lingo ) it's extension.  The  
>> subset, the "image" of Mrs Vanderbilt's wanting , constitutes the  
>> intension of her utterance, "I want to sail on the Titanic."  Among  
>> the titanic's attributes, but outside that image, is the property  
>> "hit an iceberg in the North Atlantic and sank."
>>
>> I guess the question is whether there is a less tortured  
>> mathematics than category theory that would allow one to talk about  
>> these things.
>>


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Re: [FRIAM] Mentalism and Calculus

[Roger Frye]

Nick,
I think I am beginning to get a glimmer of what you are complaining  
about.  The wording of your definition is ambiguous.  How about this  
one from Google:
a geometric element that has position but no extension; "a point is  
defined by its coordinates"


I think you are arguing that since a point has a fixed position, it  
can't move.


The rest of us are talking about a particle (again with no extension)  
that is moving from one point to another.

-Roger

On Jul 14, 2008, at 9:28 PM, Nicholas Thompson wrote:


Robert,

Some how this message got caught in my outbox and you went  
unchastised for a whole 48 hours.


No!  You have gone a bridge to far, unless you are willing to  
rewrite the role of definitions in axiom systems.


In a system in which a definition is, "a point is a position in  
space lacking dimension"



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Re: [FRIAM] Pythagorean theorem

[Roger Frye]

Bogomoly's site doesn't mention it, but proof #69 can be thought of as  
an infinite double tiling of the plane.
Furthermore, an infinite number of new proofs can be generated by  
sliding the square an increment in any direction and adding up the  
areas.

So the number of proofs is not just 78.
-Roger

On Jul 4, 2008, at 12:52 PM, Robert Holmes wrote:

Re today's discussion about proofs of the Pythagorean theorem -  
here's a link to a page with ~80 proofs: http://www.cut-the-knot.org/pythagoras/index.shtml


Proof #4 is the one that Frank & I were so impressed with; #1 is the  
one that Nick (along with anyone who graduated St Johns) failed to  
reproduce; #5 is the one due to Pres. Garfield (an intelligent  
president! those were the days...). And you can get an "extra- 
geometric" proof that relies on Newton's 2nd law at http://www.cut-the-knot.org/pythagoras/mech.shtml


Robert

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Re: [FRIAM] Why "true" random?

[Roger Frye]

I would argue the opposite.  While I agree with Doug that you need good  
RNGs (though not necessarily true RNGs) in order to avoid bias, the  
problem with good pseudo- or true- RNGs is that they have order N^2  
convergence for Monte Carlo simulations.  Quasi-random number generators  
on the other hand (such as multiples of an irrational square root, or a  
Peano tiling) converge in order N.  If you can trust the results, faster  
conergence lets you simulate more.
-Roger

On Sat, 21 Jul 2007 23:18:36 -0600, Douglas Roberts <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>  
wrote:

> Simulations of stochastic processes also require good RN generators,
> especially for simulations of large systems with (I hate to use this  
> word)
> emergent behavioral properties.  A bad RN generator will introduce  
> emergent
> behavior that will be "flavored" by a bad random sequences.
>
>




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[FRIAM] Tumminello on Correlation Matrix

[Roger Frye]

I couldn't make it to today's SFI lecture
Michele Tumminello
"Extracting and Modeling Information from a Correlation Matrix"

If anyone on the list went, could you post a synopsis?
-Roger Frye



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[FRIAM] CommodiCast -> Qforma

[Roger Frye]

FRIAMERS,

I am pleased to announce that CommodiCast has a new name, "Qforma".

Six years ago when CommodiCast was founded, we did not anticipate the  
demand we would receive from the pharmaceutical industry for our  
technology. To better fit our company name to the need that our tools  
provide for pharma, we selected "Qforma".  The "Q" represents our  
quantitative approach to solutions; "forma", in latin, refers to patterns  
or modeling.  This new name better aligns us with our core capabilities.

You can download the press release at
http://www.qforma.com/Portals/0/PublicDocs/CommodiCast%20becomes%20Qforma.pdf
or check out the new website at
http://www.qforma.com.

-Roger Frye
Qforma, Inc.
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
505-670-8840 cell / 505-989-3558 office
Innovate, Navigate, Surpass.


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