Re: [LARTC] statistics and calc bandwidth traffic using tc -s qdisc show

2007-05-17 Thread e . janz
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote on 16/05/2007 21:30:39:

> Hello,
> 
> Is there someone here who knows what does it means?
> 
> The Sent part.
> 
> [EMAIL PROTECTED] ~]# tc -s qdisc show |grep -A 2 "qdisc sfq 140: dev eth0"
> qdisc sfq 140: dev eth0 parent 1:140 limit 128p quantum 1514b perturb 
10sec
>  Sent 3155024 bytes 23249 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 0 requeues 0)
>  rate 0bit 0pps backlog 0b 0p requeues 0
> 
> [EMAIL PROTECTED] ~]# tc -s qdisc show |grep -A 2 "qdisc sfq 140: dev eth1"
> qdisc sfq 140: dev eth1 parent 1:140 limit 128p quantum 1514b perturb 
10sec
>  Sent 41141183 bytes 32560 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 0 requeues 0)
>  rate 0bit 0pps backlog 0b 0p requeues 0
> 
> 
> I also would like to know if there is a way to calc the bandwidth 
> traffic (in kbit for example)of this customer using this
> informations.
> 
> Thank you for any help in advance.
> 
> Pablo Fernandes
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Hi,

the "Sent" parameter shows you the amount of data that fall into this 
qdisc. You can obtain the instant bandwith usage that falls into this 
qdisc parsing the "rate" parameter. In your example the rate is 0bit, that 
means 0 bits per second bandwith usage.
I must admit that the output from tc -s is a big pain !!

Best regards,
Eric Janz 

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[LARTC] The "ip route get" returns wrong interface and gateway in an multipath routing environment

2007-04-21 Thread e . janz
Hi,

I think I found a problem in iproute or ubuntu kernel. I think that the 
"ip route get" returns wrong interface and gateway in an multipath routing 
environment on Ubuntu 6.06 LTS.
I reported it also to launchpad as a bug: 
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/iproute/+bug/105521

The easiest way to reproduce it is to start an Ubuntu 6.06 LTS Live on a 
system with three IF's and setup the environment as follows:

[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~# ifconfig eth0 192.168.0.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 
192.168.0.255 up
[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~# ifconfig eth1 192.168.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 
192.168.1.255 up
[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~# ifconfig eth2 192.168.2.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 
192.168.2.255 up
[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~# ip route add default nexthop via 192.168.1.254 dev eth1 
weight 1 nexthop via 192.168.2.254 dev eth2 weight 1
[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~# ip rule add prio 111 from 192.168.1.1 table 111
[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~# ip rule add prio 222 from 192.168.2.1 table 222
[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~# ip route add default table 111 via 192.168.1.254
[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~# ip route add default table 222 via 192.168.2.254

[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~# ip route ls
192.168.2.0/24 dev eth2 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.2.1
192.168.1.0/24 dev eth1 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.1
192.168.0.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.0.1
default
nexthop via 192.168.1.254 dev eth1 weight 1
nexthop via 192.168.2.254 dev eth2 weight 1

[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~# ip rule ls
0: from all lookup local
111: from 192.168.1.1 lookup 111
222: from 192.168.2.1 lookup 222
32766: from all lookup main
32767: from all lookup default

[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~# ip route ls table 111
default via 192.168.1.254 dev eth1
[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~# ip route ls table 222
default via 192.168.2.254 dev eth2

[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~# uname -a
Linux ubuntu 2.6.15-23-386 #1 PREEMPT Tue May 23 13:49:40 UTC 2006 i686 
GNU/Linux

[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~# ip -V
ip utility, iproute2-ss041019

[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~# ip route get 1.2.3.1
1.2.3.1 via 192.168.2.254 dev eth2 src 192.168.1.1
cache mtu 1500 advmss 1460 hoplimit 64
[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~# ip route get 1.2.3.2
1.2.3.2 via 192.168.2.254 dev eth2 src 192.168.2.1
cache mtu 1500 advmss 1460 hoplimit 64

As you can see, the "ip route get" always returns ".. via 192.168.2.254 
dev eth2 ..." and only switches the source ip but not the corresponding 
interface and gateway. I saw this behaviour a long time ago on Debian, but 
by now, on Debian Woody this is working fine as least on kernel 2.6.14 and 
2.6.16 with the same iproute package and the "ip route get" output also 
gives the right interface and gateway ( I did not test it on more 
environments ). On an installed Ubuntu 6.06 LTS the behaviour is also 
wrong ( I found this problem on a 2.6.15-28-server kernel with the same 
iproute package ).

¿ Any idea why this is happening ? ¿ Is this a regression ? ¿ Any 
suggestions ?


Kind Regards,
Eric Janz
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Re: [LARTC] equalize / ecmp not working as expected in 2.6 vs 2.4

2007-04-11 Thread e . janz
Andy Furniss <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote on 10/04/2007 21:29:33:

> [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> 
> > thanks for the info. First of all, in order to use the nth match you 
need 
> > to patch your kernel using patch-o-matic.
> 
> I think nth is in kernel now as part of the statistic match.
> 
> Andy.

I was searching this yesterday afternoon and could not verify it.
Today I found it in the 2.6.18 kernel's changelog:

[NETFILTER]: x_tables: add statistic match

Add statistic match which is a combination of the nth and random 
matches.

Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <...>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <...>

commit 62b7743483b402f8fb73545d5d487ca714e82766
Author: Patrick McHardy <...>
Date:   Mon May 29 18:20:32 2006 -0700


¿ Does this match help you to solve the problem ?

Regards,
Eric
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RE: [LARTC] equalize / ecmp not working as expected in 2.6 vs 2.4

2007-04-10 Thread e . janz
Andrew Lyon <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote on 10/04/2007 16:34:52:

> >
> >
> >From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] 
> >Sent: 10 April 2007 15:17
> >To: lartc@mailman.ds9a.nl
> >Subject: Re: [LARTC] equalize / ecmp not working as expected in 2.6 vs 
2.4
> >
> >
> >Hi Andrew,
> >
> >I would use a combination with iptables. You should mark the packets, 
for
> example using average or n-th, and then use ip rules to send half of the
> packets vía one router and the rest to the other router according to the
> marks you set with iptables.
> >Just a question ¿ dont you have problems with your source IP and the
> returning responses when you are sending packets from one connection 
over
> multiple routers ? ¿ do you have something like an AS ?
> >
> >
> >Best regards,
> >Eric Janz 
> >
> >
> >Andrew Lyon <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> >Enviado por: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> >10/04/2007 14:36
> >Para
> >"'lartc@mailman.ds9a.nl'" 
> >cc
> >
> >Asunto
> > [LARTC] equalize / ecmp not working as expected in 2.6 vs 2.4
> 
> 
> 
> Eric,
> 
> Could you give me a example of how to do that? With nth if possible...
> 
> It is not common for a ISP to support that sort of setup, but they do
> http://aaisp.net.uk/aa/aaisp/multiline.html
> 
> Each line has two ips, one for the router and another for the interface 
on a
> linux box or other device, the isp routes a larger /28 down both lines, 
and
> allows packets with source address in the /28 range to be sent through 
both
> lines.
> 
> On my linux server I have a routing table for each line with the 
necessary
> routes to make each router ip reachable, and a default route that 
equalizes
> over both router ips, it worked with 2.4 but with 2.6 it seems to be
> per-flow instead of per packet.
> 
> I can login to a control page app on the ISP website and configure which
> lines a given block is routed down, and they also do really good traffic
> monitoring etc http://www.aaisp.net.uk/cqm.html
> 
> PS. Please reply below original posting, not above!
> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Top-posting
> 
> Andy
> 
> 
> JOSEDV001TAG

Hi Andy,

thanks for the info. First of all, in order to use the nth match you need 
to patch your kernel using patch-o-matic.
After that, the nth match should be available. Try something like this:

Supposing that the local traffic is entering into your linux server via 
eth0:

1. Mark the packets using iptables before the routing decision is done:

iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -m nth --every 2 --packet 
0 -j MARK --set-mark 111
iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -m nth --every 2 --packet 
1 -j MARK --set-mark 222

2. Setup some rules to jump to the correct routing tables. In this case I 
will suppose that you are using the tables 111 and 222 ( obviously you can 
use the ones you like )
ip rule add prio 111 fwmark 111 table 111
ip rule add prio 222 fwmark 222 table 222
( you can also set the priority of the rules at your convenience )

3. Setup your routing tables ( in this example 111 and 222 ) to reach each 
router as you had with the 2.4 kernel.
[ ... ]
ip route add table 111 default via ROUTER1_IP_ADDRESS
ip route add table 222 default via ROUTER2_IP_ADDRESS


In this case we need no multipath route. Half of all the packets that come 
into eth0 are routed using the 111 table and the rest is routed using the 
222 table thanks to the marks we set.
The problems you are experiencing with the multipath routing are due to 
that the routing decision uses a cache and after a routing decision to a 
destination is done, it would always use the same gateway to reach that 
destination until the routing caché expires.


I hope this helps,
Regards,

Eric Janz




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Re: [LARTC] equalize / ecmp not working as expected in 2.6 vs 2.4

2007-04-10 Thread e . janz
Hi Andrew,

I would use a combination with iptables. You should mark the packets, for 
example using average or n-th, and then use ip rules to send half of the 
packets vía one router and the rest to the other router according to the 
marks you set with iptables.
Just a question ¿ dont you have problems with your source IP and the 
returning responses when you are sending packets from one connection over 
multiple routers ? ¿ do you have something like an AS ?


Best regards,
Eric Janz 




Andrew Lyon <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> 
Enviado por: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
10/04/2007 14:36

Para
"'lartc@mailman.ds9a.nl'" 
cc

Asunto
[LARTC] equalize / ecmp not working as expected in 2.6 vs 2.4






Hi,

With kernel 2.4 I was able to use equalize to send our outgoing packets to
two different routers (our isp supports this setup), like this:

ip route add default src ip.a.dd.rr  equalize nexthop via  weight 
1
nexthop via  weight 1

The two routes were used equally on a per packet basis, not per flow or 
per
cached route, but per packet, each line has 800k upload and with that 
route
we could upload to a single remote host at 1.6mbit.

We replaced the server with a newer one and changed to 2.6 (2.6.20) 
kernel,
I found that equalize no longer works as expected, it does choose a router
at random but once a single packet has been sent to a remote host the same
route/router is used for all packets going to that remote host. Once the
cached route expires a random route is chosen again, but that is not what 
we
want.

I had made no changes to the ip route commands, but then I realised that
kernel 2.6.20 has options for multipath (IP: equal cost multipath with
caching support), I enabled that and now our kernel options are:

CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_MULTIPATH=y
CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_MULTIPATH_CACHED=y
CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_MULTIPATH_RR=m
CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_MULTIPATH_RANDOM=m
CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_MULTIPATH_WRANDOM=m
CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_MULTIPATH_DRR=m

But even with these options, and default route set as follows:

ip route add default src ip.a.dd.rr mpath rr nexthop via  weight 
1
nexthop via  weight 1

The result is the same, a single upload to a remote host only uses 800k
bandwidth on one of the lines, it does not send packets to both lines,
although two uploads to two different hosts will usually make use of both
lines.

It seems to me that the multipath with caching support is broken in 
2.6.20?

The exact kernel we use is 2.6.20.4, with that kernel how would you 
specify
a remote route such that packets going to a remote host are sent 50/50 
ratio
to two different routers?

Thanks
Andy

JOSEDV001TAG
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Re: [LARTC] Re: htb traffic shaping problem

2006-09-14 Thread e . janz

Hi,could you check the mtu set on eth0
with an ifconfig?I tried my own setup and it works fine...Regards,Eric Janz Departamento de SistemasGrupo Barceló ViajesC\ 16 de Julio, 7507009 Polígono Son CastellóPalma de Mallorca - BalearesTel.: +34 971 448030Fax.: +34 971 436986Bugzilla-Redirect <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>Enviado por: [EMAIL PROTECTED]13/09/2006 07:00Paralartc@mailman.ds9a.nlccAsunto[LARTC] Re: htb traffic shaping problemEric, here's the information you requested with the
mtu set at 1500 (see further below):-[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~# tc -s -d qdisc show dev eth0qdisc htb 1: r2q 10 default 99 direct_packets_stat 335 ver 3.17  Sent 10388909 bytes 763 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 372 requeues
0)  rate 0bit 0pps backlog 0b 11p requeues 0qdisc sfq 10: parent 1:10 limit 128p quantum 1514b flows 128/1024  Sent 10328092 bytes 190 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 0 requeues 0)  rate 0bit 0pps backlog 707234b 11p requeues 0qdisc sfq 99: parent 1:99 limit 128p quantum 1514b flows 128/1024  Sent 19927 bytes 188 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 0 requeues 0)  rate 0bit 0pps backlog 0b 0p requeues 0[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~# tc filter show dev eth0filter parent 1: protocol ip pref 49151 u32filter parent 1: protocol ip pref 49151 u32 fh 801: ht divisor 1filter parent 1: protocol ip pref 49151 u32 fh 801::800 order 2048 key
ht 801 bkt 0 flowid 1:10   match 01bb/ at 20filter parent 1: protocol ip pref 49152 u32filter parent 1: protocol ip pref 49152 u32 fh 800: ht divisor 1filter parent 1: protocol ip pref 49152 u32 fh 800::800 order 2048 key
ht 800 bkt 0 flowid 1:10   match 0050/ at 20[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~#-Gypsy, I've been playing with the mtu settings.   I had initially
set it to 1500, which is what the card should be at as the switch I have does not
support jumbo frames.  If I set the mtu to 40,000 for the class the
giants go away and everything seems to fall back into place.  However, this
seems way off what it should be, do you have any idea whats happening?  I
cannot seem to adjust the mpu setting.-updated classes:tc class add dev eth0 parent 1: classid 1:1 htb rate 1000mbit ceil 1000mbit
mtu 4tc class add dev eth0 parent 1:1 classid 1:10 htb rate 512kbit ceil 512kbit
quantum 3000 mtu 4tc class add dev eth0 parent 1:1 classid 1:99 htb rate 900mbit ceil 1000mbit quantum 3000 mtu 4[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~# tc -s -d class show dev eth0class htb 1:99 parent 1:1 leaf 99: prio 0 quantum 3000 rate 90Kbit
ceil 1000Mbit burst 489825b/256 mpu 0b overhead 0b cburst 539875b/256 mpu 0b
overhead 0b level 0  Sent 31203 bytes 282 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 0 requeues 0)  rate 7264bit 8pps backlog 0b 0p requeues 0  lended: 282 borrowed: 0 giants: 0  tokens: 4695 ctokens: 4657class htb 1:1 root rate 1000Mbit ceil 1000Mbit burst 539875b/256 mpu 0b
overhead 0b cburst 539875b/256 mpu 0b overhead 0b level 7  Sent 1126563 bytes 654 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 0 requeues 0)  rate 254848bit 15pps backlog 0b 0p requeues 0  lended: 0 borrowed: 0 giants: 0  tokens: 4657 ctokens: 4657class htb 1:10 parent 1:1 leaf 10: prio 0 quantum 3000 rate 512000bit ceil
512000bit burst 40255b/256 mpu 0b overhead 0b cburst 40255b/256 mpu 0b
overhead 0b level 0  Sent 110 bytes 378 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 0 requeues 0)  rate 250464bit 10pps backlog 0b 6p requeues 0  lended: 372 borrowed: 0 giants: 0  tokens: -694028 ctokens: -694028[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~# tc -s -d qdisc show dev eth0qdisc htb 1: r2q 10 default 99 direct_packets_stat 338 ver 3.17  Sent 1609761 bytes 1180 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 369 requeues
0)  rate 0bit 0pps backlog 0b 3p requeues 0qdisc sfq 10: parent 1:10 limit 128p quantum 1514b flows 128/1024  Sent 1536378 bytes 509 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 0 requeues 0)  rate 0bit 0pps backlog 29362b 3p requeues 0qdisc sfq 99: parent 1:99 limit 128p quantum 1514b flows 128/1024  Sent 32175 bytes 283 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 0 requeues 0)  rate 0bit 0pps backlog 0b 0p requeues 0[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~# tc filter show dev eth0filter parent 1: protocol ip pref 49151 u32filter parent 1: protocol ip pref 49151 u32 fh 801: ht divisor 1filter parent 1: protocol ip pref 49151 u32 fh 801::800 order 2048 key
ht 801 bkt 0 flowid 1:10   match 01bb/ at 20filter parent 1: protocol ip pref 49152 u32filter parent 1: protocol ip pref 49152 u32 fh 800: ht divisor 1filter parent 1: protocol ip pref 49152 u32 fh 800::800 order 2048 key
ht 800 bkt 0 flowid 1:10   match 0050/ at 20[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~#-Thanks.-Ryan PowerAt 04:00 AM 9/12/2006, you wrote:>Message: 

Re: [LARTC] Re: htb traffic shaping problem (Charlie Meyer)

2006-09-12 Thread e . janz

Hi again,sorry for my late response. Could you
give us also the output of tc -s -d qdisc show dev eth0tc filter show dev eth0It is very strange that the rate and
ceil from class 1:10 are set to 512Kbit but the class's rate goes over
3,5Mbits!! ¿Maybe it is a bug?I'm preparing a similar setup (a linux
wan router on a 100Mbit lan with 5Mbps upload/dowload to the Internet.
We will see if I run into the same issues...Regards,Eric Janz Bugzilla-Redirect <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>Enviado por: [EMAIL PROTECTED]09/09/2006 21:56Paralartc@mailman.ds9a.nlccAsunto[LARTC] Re: htb traffic shaping problem
(Charlie Meyer)Eric,I've attached the output from the command you requested below.I'm using kernel 2.6.17.12 and tc version ss060323.  I'm have a nforce4
onboard giggabit controller using the forcedeth driver, if that makes a
difference.Charlie,I'll take a look at the Apache model for throttling, thanks.  I was
going for tc because was going to try to add additional shaping to non-apache
traffic once I got it working correctly.Thanks,-Ryan Powertc -s -d class show dev eth0class htb 1:99 parent 1:1 leaf 99: prio 0 quantum 3000 rate 90Kbit
ceil 1000Mbit burst 451350b/8 mpu 0b overhead 0b cburst 501375b/8 mpu 0b overhead 0b level 0  Sent 48695 bytes 398 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 0 requeues 0)  rate 2704bit 2pps backlog 0b 0p requeues 0  lended: 398 borrowed: 0 giants: 0  tokens: 4326 ctokens: 4325class htb 1:1 root rate 1000Mbit ceil 1000Mbit burst 501375b/8 mpu 0b overhead 0b cburst 501375b/8 mpu 0b overhead 0b level 7  Sent 32821394 bytes 994 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 0 requeues 0)  rate 3556Kbit 10pps backlog 0b 0p requeues 0  lended: 0 borrowed: 0 giants: 1128  tokens: 4325 ctokens: 4325class htb 1:10 parent 1:1 leaf 10: prio 0 quantum 3000 rate 512000bit ceil
512000bit burst 1755b/8 mpu 0b overhead 0b cburst 1755b/8 mpu 0b overhead
0b level 0  Sent 34256069 bytes 701 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 0 requeues 0)  rate 3554Kbit 8pps backlog 0b 105p requeues 0  lended: 596 borrowed: 0 giants: 1128  tokens: -52724 ctokens: -52724___LARTC mailing listLARTC@mailman.ds9a.nlhttp://mailman.ds9a.nl/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/lartc--

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Re: [LARTC] htb traffic shaping problem

2006-09-08 Thread e . janz

Good afternoon,your configuration seems correct to
me. Could you send us the output of "tc -s -d class show dev eth0"
during your probes?What kernel and tc versions are you
using?Regards,Eric Janz Departamento de SistemasGrupo Barceló ViajesC\ 16 de Julio, 7507009 Polígono Son CastellóPalma de Mallorca - BalearesTel.: +34 971 448030Fax.: +34 971 436986Bugzilla-Redirect <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>Enviado por: [EMAIL PROTECTED]08/09/2006 10:02Paralartc@mailman.ds9a.nlccAsunto[LARTC] htb traffic shaping problemHello.I have a linux server connected to a gigabit lan, and though that lan to
a 768kbps/768kbps DSL modem.I'm trying to shape my webserver running on port 80/443 down to 512kbps,
while leaving all other ports alone.  The current configuration script
that I'm using is as follows:tc qdisc del dev eth0 roottc qdisc add dev eth0 root handle 1: htb default 99tc class add dev eth0 parent 1: classid 1:1 htb rate 1000mbit ceil 1000mbittc class add dev eth0 parent 1:1 classid 1:10 htb rate 512kbit ceil 512kbittc qdisc add dev eth0 parent 1:10 handle 10: sfqtc class add dev eth0 parent 1:1 classid 1:99 htb rate 900mbit ceil 1000mbittc qdisc add dev eth0 parent 1:99 handle 99: sfqtc filter add dev eth0 protocol ip parent 1: u32 match ip sport 80 0x
flowid 1:10tc filter add dev eth0 protocol ip parent 1: u32 match ip sport 443 0x
flowid 1:101:10 seems to be getting the correct traffic from port 80 and 443 while
everything else is run to 1:99.  The problem is that, while 1:10 is
slowing the connection down to a degree, it's nowhere near the set limit.  For
example: the connection will start out around 50kBps, and then suddenly
bounce to over 1MBps, far exceeding it's 64kBps setting.Setting the parent down to 512kbits seems to work correctly, but it cripples the local network.Can anyone point out what I've done incorrectly, or is this a bug?Thank you.-Ryan Power ___LARTC mailing listLARTC@mailman.ds9a.nlhttp://mailman.ds9a.nl/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/lartc--

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Re: [LARTC] tc filter don't match packets

2006-08-22 Thread e . janz

Hi,in this simple case you must attach
the filter to the root:[...]> tc qdisc add dev eth0 root handle 1: htb default
10 [...]> tc filter add dev eth0 parent 1:11 protocol ip
prio 1 u32 match ip > dport 80 0x flowid 1:11[...]Should be:tc filter add dev eth0 parent 1:0 protocol ip prio
1 u32 match ip dport 80 0x flowid 1:11The traffic gets enqueued traversing the filters attached
to each node but starting at the root node. You must provide a way to arrive
to a leaf.In man tc-htb it says:       "When enqueueing a
packet, HTB starts at the root and uses various meth-       ods to determine which
class should receive the data.       In the absence of uncommon
configuration options, the process is rather       easy.  At each node
we look for an instruction,  and  then  go  to  the       class  the  instruction
 refers  us  to. If the class found is a barren       leaf-node (without children),
we enqueue the packet there. If it is not       yet  a  leaf
 node, we do the whole thing over again starting from that       node.       The following actions are
performed, in order at each  node  we  visit,       until one sends us to another
node, or terminates the process.       (i)    Consult
filters attached to the class. If sent to a leafnode, we              are
done.  Otherwise, restart.       (ii)   If none of
the above returned with an  instruction,  enqueue  at              this
node.       This  algorithm makes
sure that a packet always ends up somewhere, even       while you are busy building
your configuration."In your case, the packets arrive to the root node
to get enqueed but due to that there is no filter attached it will get
to the default 10.I hope this helps,Regards,Eric Janz --

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