Re: [Solved] Re: Cannot boot, was: Re: Can't install NetBSD to ffs2 partition, no errors

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Mon, 31 Oct 2022 at 07:07, Pierre-Philipp Braun  wrote:
>
> > menuentry "NetBSD" {
> >  insmod part_gpt
> >  insmod chain
> >  chainloader (hd0,gpt2)/EFI/boot/bootx64.efi
> > }
>
> I am not sure I followed everything, but if you've already gone that far
> and use GRUB instead, why not load the kernel directly from there?
>
> menuentry "netbsd -v" {
>  insmod ufs2
>  set root=(hd0,gpt2)
>      knetbsd /netbsd -v
> }
>

Too late. I deleted the partition.



-- 
Ottavio Caruso

A: Because it messes up the order in which people normally read text.
Q: Why is top-posting such a bad thing?
A: Top-posting.
Q: What is the most annoying thing in e-mail?

Black screen resume from suspend

[Ottavio Caruso]

Hi,

I had a nice and long chat last Saturday with Riastradh (thanks!) and,
before filing a bug report, I'd like the list's advice on this issue.

My laptop is a beat-up Thinkpad E130 on its last legs, so I don't rule
out hardware failures, however I have a dejavu moment and I'm pretty
sure I had the same problems many years ago with another Thinkpad.

Soon after giving the suspend to RAM command (sudo sysctl -w
hw.acpi.sleep.state=3), the laptop does indeed suspend; however, on
resume (opening the lid or pressing the power button, I'm left with a
black screen, with the a big static cursor on the top left. The
keyboard doesn't work. I can't get to open a virtual terminal
(CTRL+ALT+9n)) and all I can do is to press the power button and
restart the machine.

This happens regardless of whether I am in Xorg or just a standard console.

Riastradh suggested the following steps:

# drvctl -S i915drmkms0; sleep 5; drvctl -Q i915drmkms0

This crashes the laptop and triggers a spontaneous reboot.

I set up a partition as dump device and enabled logging but it doesn't
leave a crash dump in /var/crash.

There are worrying lines is dmesg, such as:

[  1780.037511] wsdisplay0: emergency X server detach
[  1780.457853] warning:
/usr/src/sys/external/bsd/drm2/dist/drm/i915/intel_uncore.c:554:
WARN_ON(domain->wake_count)
{drm:netbsd:intel_set_cpu_fifo_underrun_reporting+0x29c} *ERROR*
uncleared fifo underrun on pipe A
{drm:netbsd:intel_cpu_fifo_underrun_irq_handler+0x64} *ERROR* CPU pipe
A FIFO underrun
{drm:netbsd:intel_set_pch_fifo_underrun_reporting+0x14e} *ERROR*
uncleared pch fifo underrun on pch transcoder A
{drm:netbsd:cpt_irq_handler+0x1dd} *ERROR* PCH transcoder A FIFO underrun

All pointing to intel drm.

>From rc.log:

[running /etc/rc.d/savecore]
Checking for core dump...
savecore: no core dump

Then Riastradh suggested booting with a kernel from current
(https://nycdn.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD-daily/HEAD/202210080110Z/amd64/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz),
which I did. With the new kernel. There is an improvement. The above
command (drvctl -S i915drmkms0; sleep 5; drvctl -Q i915drmkms0) does
not crash the laptop. I can manage to get the display back playing
with CRTL+ALT-2. However the black screen on resume from suspend
remains.

I have also modified /boot.cfg:

menu=Boot no i915:rndseed /var/db/entropy-file;userconf disable i915*;boot

But apparently all i915* modules are still loaded.

I am posting the last dmesg after the incident:
https://termbin.com/e48tq

The latest rc.log:
https://termbin.com/cxz4

And Xorg.log.old.
https://termbin.com/az5r

Any suggestions are welcome.

I am planning to buy another 2nd hand Thinkpad with a similar Intel
chipset and I'd like to know if I'm going to have the same problem.

Thanks.

-- 
Ottavio Caruso

A: Because it messes up the order in which people normally read text.
Q: Why is top-posting such a bad thing?
A: Top-posting.
Q: What is the most annoying thing in e-mail?

Re: [Solved] Re: Cannot boot, was: Re: Can't install NetBSD to ffs2 partition, no errors

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Fri, 7 Oct 2022 at 11:45, Ottavio Caruso
 wrote:
>
> On Fri, 7 Oct 2022 at 12:05, Ottavio Caruso

>
> Recap: on my system (hd0,gpt2) is the second partition containing all
> the EFI boot files (NetBSD, Linux and Windows); (hd0,gpt5) is the
> NetBSD partition.
>
> Steps on Linux:
>
> - Become root;
> - Add these lines to /etc/grub.d/40_custom
>
> menuentry "NetBSD" {
> insmod part_gpt
> insmod chain
> set root=(hd0,gpt5)
> chainloader (hd0,gpt2)/EFI/boot/bootx64.efi
> }
>
> # update-grub2
> # reboot
>
> The chainloader will go and find the "bootx64.efi" file in the second
> partition. No need to have an efi dedicated partition in the NetBSD
> wedge.
>
> A "NetBSD" entry will appear on the Grub splash screen.

"set root=(hd0,gpt5)" is not necessary.

menuentry "NetBSD" {
insmod part_gpt
insmod chain
chainloader (hd0,gpt2)/EFI/boot/bootx64.efi
}



-- 
Ottavio Caruso

A: Because it messes up the order in which people normally read text.
Q: Why is top-posting such a bad thing?
A: Top-posting.
Q: What is the most annoying thing in e-mail?

Cannot boot, was: Re: Can't install NetBSD to ffs2 partition, no errors

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Wed, 5 Oct 2022 at 18:42, Martin Husemann  wrote:
>
> On Wed, Oct 05, 2022 at 04:13:31PM +0100, Ottavio Caruso wrote:
> > 5) Selected NetBSD (dk6@wd0)
> >
> > 6) The menu goes back to point 3 without any apparent errors.
> >
> > I would have expected the menu would offer to create a disklabel from
> > there, but it didn't.
> >
> > No apparent warnings in dmesg.
>
> As Chavdar said: there will be no disklabel, the GPT partitions (and dk*
> wedges) will be enough.
>
> But what you observed clearly is a bug somewhere in sysinst, I'll try to
> reproduce it locally.

Update: good news and bad news.

Good news: I was able to install NetBSD by nuking the ffsv2 partition
and recreating it from scratch, as suggested here:
https://mail-index.netbsd.org/netbsd-users/2020/10/01/msg025800.html


Bad news. The installer didn't ask me if and where I wanted to install
the bootloader and now I can't boot into NetBSD. "update-grub2" from
Linux doesn't pick the NetBSD partition.

All I need to know now is:

1) How do I know if the bootloader has been installed
2) How do I chainload it from Grub.

Now, reading this:
https://wiki.netbsd.org/Installation_on_UEFI_systems/

I don't if it is really still relevant as it was meant for NetBSD 8.*,
it looks like I have to manually copy the bootloader files onto the
EFI partition.

I have mounted the FFSv2 partition onto Linux and this is the fstab:

# NetBSD /etc/fstab
# See /usr/share/examples/fstab/ for more examples.
NAME=NetBSD /   ffs rw   1 1
NAME=EFI\ system\ partition /boot   msdos   rw   0 0
kernfs  /kern   kernfs  rw
ptyfs   /dev/ptsptyfs   rw
procfs  /proc   procfs  rw
tmpfs   /var/shmtmpfs   rw,-m1777,-sram%25


Is /boot the correct mount point and are there any files to be copied over?

Shouldn't sysinst have dealt with this already?

-- 
Ottavio Caruso

A: Because it messes up the order in which people normally read text.
Q: Why is top-posting such a bad thing?
A: Top-posting.
Q: What is the most annoying thing in e-mail?

Mounting Linux swap, during or post installation

[Ottavio Caruso]

Hi,,

Parallel to my other ongoing thread (Can't install NetBSD to ffs2
partition, no errors), I also have this other question:

- gpt sees the 8GB Linux swap partition as index 7:
https://i.ibb.co/XxVy1M9/gpt-show-wd0.jpg

- dk sees the Linux swap partition as dk8 (FFS2)

Question:

- Do i have to edit the Linux swap partition to have it recognised as
swap by NetBSD?

I am pretty sure we discussed it at length a few weeks ago on irc but
I didn't save the chat.



-- 
Ottavio Caruso

A: Because it messes up the order in which people normally read text.
Q: Why is top-posting such a bad thing?
A: Top-posting.
Q: What is the most annoying thing in e-mail?

Re: Can't install NetBSD to ffs2 partition, no errors

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Wed, 5 Oct 2022 at 16:13, Ottavio Caruso
 wrote:
>
> Hi,
>
> 1) I have dd'ed the UEFI usb image of NetBSD 9.3/amd64 to a USB drive
> and booted  from it.
>
> 2) From the utility menu, I have created a FFSv2 partition from 35GB
> unused space
> https://i.ibb.co/XxVy1M9/gpt-show-wd0.jpg
> https://i.ibb.co/4sSCXmw/partition-manager.jpg
>
> 3) Then I went back into the install menu:
> https://i.ibb.co/JCBX1p1/prompt-1.jpg
>
> 4) Accepted the warning to make changes on disk:
> https://i.ibb.co/6Pzvmvw/prompt-2.jpg
>
> 5) Selected NetBSD (dk6@wd0)
>
> 6) The menu goes back to point 3 without any apparent errors.
>
> I would have expected the menu would offer to create a disklabel from
> there, but it didn't.
>
> No apparent warnings in dmesg.
>
> Any hint?

EDIT:

Output of "dkctl wd0 listwedges"
https://i.ibb.co/2PH6wBN/dkctl-wd0-list-wedges.jpg

I can see a "dk6 [...] type="
This doesn't look good.

"dmesg fgrep wd0"
https://i.ibb.co/0V8BXB6/dmesg-grep-fd0.jpg

I can see an "autoconfiguration error" but I don't know what to make of it.
And a "dk6 at wd0" type 

Again, any hints?

-- 
Ottavio Caruso

A: Because it messes up the order in which people normally read text.
Q: Why is top-posting such a bad thing?
A: Top-posting.
Q: What is the most annoying thing in e-mail?

Re: Can't install NetBSD to ffs2 partition, no errors

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Wed, 5 Oct 2022 at 16:34, Ottavio Caruso
 wrote:
>
> On Wed, 5 Oct 2022 at 16:13, Ottavio Caruso
>  wrote:
> >
> > Hi,
> >
> > 1) I have dd'ed the UEFI usb image of NetBSD 9.3/amd64 to a USB drive
> > and booted  from it.
> >
> > 2) From the utility menu, I have created a FFSv2 partition from 35GB
> > unused space
> > https://i.ibb.co/XxVy1M9/gpt-show-wd0.jpg
> > https://i.ibb.co/4sSCXmw/partition-manager.jpg
> >
> > 3) Then I went back into the install menu:
> > https://i.ibb.co/JCBX1p1/prompt-1.jpg
> >
> > 4) Accepted the warning to make changes on disk:
> > https://i.ibb.co/6Pzvmvw/prompt-2.jpg
> >
> > 5) Selected NetBSD (dk6@wd0)
> >
> > 6) The menu goes back to point 3 without any apparent errors.
> >
> > I would have expected the menu would offer to create a disklabel from
> > there, but it didn't.
> >
> > No apparent warnings in dmesg.
> >
> > Any hint?
>
> EDIT:
>
> Output of "dkctl wd0 listwedges"
> https://i.ibb.co/2PH6wBN/dkctl-wd0-list-wedges.jpg
>
> I can see a "dk6 [...] type="
> This doesn't look good.
>
> "dmesg fgrep wd0"
> https://i.ibb.co/0V8BXB6/dmesg-grep-fd0.jpg
>
> I can see an "autoconfiguration error" but I don't know what to make of it.
> And a "dk6 at wd0" type 
>
> Again, any hints?


EDIT again.

Re-reading the screenshots above. Why is NetBSD partition dk4 instead of dk6?

I must have missed something somewhere.



-- 
Ottavio Caruso

A: Because it messes up the order in which people normally read text.
Q: Why is top-posting such a bad thing?
A: Top-posting.
Q: What is the most annoying thing in e-mail?

Can't install NetBSD to ffs2 partition, no errors

[Ottavio Caruso]

Hi,

1) I have dd'ed the UEFI usb image of NetBSD 9.3/amd64 to a USB drive
and booted  from it.

2) From the utility menu, I have created a FFSv2 partition from 35GB
unused space
https://i.ibb.co/XxVy1M9/gpt-show-wd0.jpg
https://i.ibb.co/4sSCXmw/partition-manager.jpg

3) Then I went back into the install menu:
https://i.ibb.co/JCBX1p1/prompt-1.jpg

4) Accepted the warning to make changes on disk:
https://i.ibb.co/6Pzvmvw/prompt-2.jpg

5) Selected NetBSD (dk6@wd0)

6) The menu goes back to point 3 without any apparent errors.

I would have expected the menu would offer to create a disklabel from
there, but it didn't.

No apparent warnings in dmesg.

Any hint?

Re: Does any common mortals here (not programmers or sysads) use NetBSD as their daily productivity driver?

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Fri, 30 Sept 2022 at 17:57, Fekete Zoltán  wrote:
>
> Hi There,
>
> My daily driver with NetBSD 9.3 is a Lenovo Thinkpad t430s (2013)
>
> Works:
> - wifi
> - i915 display
> - mini dispay port output
> - Hungarian keyboard
> - audio
> - webcam
> - USB 2.0 and 3.0 ports
> - card reader
>
> Works partially:
> - touchpad (no two finger gestures)
>
> Does not work:
> - display backlight. Workaround: set the brightness when starting up the
> laptop (BIOS handles).
>
> Generally a very good choice for a portable NetBSD workstation. The
> screen resolution and screen quality is a bit low end, though.
> Owerall performance is quite impressive, I suggest to install 16GB of
> RAM and SSD. Firefox startup time after coldstart is about 2-3 seconds.
> I use that to develop C++ applications using NetBeans IDE. The build
> time is acceptable as I can use 4 cores.


I'm not having a go at you, but I stated in my topic "not programmers
or sysads" and I practically got answers only from that category.

So, my impression is: if you're not either a programmer, a sysad or an
NetBSD official developer, stay away.

Yes, I know , there's a bit of unnecessary bitterness in my statement
but please change my mind.

-- 
Ottavio Caruso

A: Because it messes up the order in which people normally read text.
Q: Why is top-posting such a bad thing?
A: Top-posting.
Q: What is the most annoying thing in e-mail?

Re: Upgrading software with pkgsrc

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Fri, 30 Sept 2022 at 00:13, Greg Troxel  wrote:
>
>
> Todd Gruhn  writes:
>
> > I have just downloaded pkgsrc-2022Q3.   What is the *best way*  to upgrade
> > pkgs, along  with any sub-pkgs that required fixed/upgraded?
>
> Well those are words asking to pick a fight in Ye Olde BSD Saloon.
>

I don't understand why NetBSD must have an additional tool like pkgin
to perform full upgrades whereas in OpenBSD you can just upgrade the
whole lot with "pkg_add -u". It looks like a case of "not invented
here" that plagues the *BSD ecosphere.

-- 
Ottavio Caruso

A: Because it messes up the order in which people normally read text.
Q: Why is top-posting such a bad thing?
A: Top-posting.
Q: What is the most annoying thing in e-mail?

Does any common mortals here (not programmers or sysads) use NetBSD as their daily productivity driver?

[Ottavio Caruso]

If so, what can you not do on NetBSD that you can do on any other OS?

I'm pretty sure I'm going to miss DRM. What else do I have to put up with?

-- 
Ottavio Caruso

A: Because it messes up the order in which people normally read text.
Q: Why is top-posting such a bad thing?
A: Top-posting.
Q: What is the most annoying thing in e-mail?

Fwd: NetBSD Security Advisory 2022-001:

[Ottavio Caruso]

And for those who have no built-in PGP, such as Gmail users?

-- Forwarded message -
From: NetBSD Security-Officer 
Date: Tue, 10 May 2022 at 18:02
Subject: NetBSD Security Advisory 2022-001:
To: 



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XsgXDpxmHWjvn7p/xpypf/j1G9e/OG3upY+1PN0/9dOnd8mNfxsuLey4/AeH2O0v
H9zz77tfeP57a1++NfvAq48OZgbfPPnj/wE=
=DPef
-END PGP MESSAGE-


-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Re: Fwd: Can't get audio, host Debian, guest NetBSD, help!

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Sat, 19 Mar 2022 at 12:09, RVP  wrote:
>
> On Sat, 19 Mar 2022, Ottavio Caruso wrote:
>
> > 2: [ ] audio1 @ hdafg0: vendor 1af4 product 0022
> >   playback: 2ch, 48000Hz
> >   record:   2ch, 48000Hz
> >   (PR) slinear_le 16/16, 2ch, { 16000, 22050, 32000, 44100,
> > 48000, 88200, 96000 }
> >
>
> Test 2--hdafg.


I'll do that in the future, as in a moment of extreme rage, I nuked the VM.

I also converted the qemu image into a .vdi image and tried to boot it
under Virtualbox, but it was spitting major errors, so this is
something that I'll have to put on hold.
Thanks for the help anyway.

PS: All of your emails go into the spam folder.

Re: Fwd: Can't get audio, host Debian, guest NetBSD, help!

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Fri, 18 Mar 2022 at 20:17, RVP  wrote:
>
> On Fri, 18 Mar 2022, Ottavio Caruso wrote:
>
> > It does not produce any sound through qemu but it generates an output on
> > stdout:
> >
> > oc@NetBSD:/home/oc$ audiocfg test 1
> > 1: [*] audio0 @ eap0: Ensoniq AudioPCI
> >   playback: 2ch, 48000Hz
> >   record:   2ch, 48000Hz
> >   (PR) slinear_le 16/16, 2ch, { 4000, 48000 }
> >  testing channel 0... done
> >  testing channel 1... done
> >
>
> Strange that audio0 is index 1. You'll have to find out what index
> corresponds to the HDA card to perform the test. Do:
>
> audiocfg list

$ audiocfg list
0: [ ] audio2 @ auich0: ICH AC97 0x01
   playback: 2ch, 48000Hz
   record:   2ch, 48000Hz
   (PR) slinear_le 16/16, 2ch, 8000-48000Hz
1: [*] audio0 @ eap0: Ensoniq AudioPCI
   playback: 2ch, 48000Hz
   record:   2ch, 48000Hz
   (PR) slinear_le 16/16, 2ch, { 4000, 48000 }
2: [ ] audio1 @ hdafg0: vendor 1af4 product 0022
   playback: 2ch, 48000Hz
   record:   2ch, 48000Hz
   (PR) slinear_le 16/16, 2ch, { 16000, 22050, 32000, 44100,
48000, 88200, 96000 }


Any clue?


--
Ottavio Caruso

Has anybody recently migrated from *cough* Linux to NetBSD?

[Ottavio Caruso]

Hi,

this is my disk layout as seen from Linux's perspective:

/dev/sda1   2048   1023999   1021952  499M Windows recovery environment
/dev/sda21024000   1226751202752   99M EFI System
/dev/sda31226752   1259519 32768   16M Microsoft reserved
/dev/sda41259520 103657471 102397952 48.8G Microsoft basic data
/dev/sda5  103657472 206057471 10240 48.8G Linux filesystem
/dev/sda6  223012864 877277183 654264320  312G Microsoft basic data
/dev/sda7  206057472 223012863  16955392  8.1G Linux swap
/dev/sda8  877277184 976773119  99495936 47.5G Linux filesystem

$ df -h|grep sda
/dev/sda548G  9.4G   36G  21% /
/dev/sda295M   32M   64M  33% /boot/efi
/dev/sda847G   32G   13G  73% /home
/dev/sda6   312G  258G   55G  83% /home/oc/storage

I could shrink one or more of the existing partitions and make room
for a 50GB NetBSD installation.

I could mount the vfat partition (/dev/sda6) and I could move some
data off the /home partition (/dev/sda8) little by little, until I
have replicated some of the configuration.

The immediate problems are:

1) Is it ok to put the / (root) of NetBSD at the end of the disk?

2) Should the bootloader be installed on the newly created BSD
partition? Or better install it onto a usb drive?

3) Will Grub be able to see the NetBSD partition or vice versa the
NetBSD bootloader chainload Grub?

4) If and when I am ready to rock and roll with NetBSD alone, should I
then resize (enlarge) the NetBSD partition or add more partitions
(slices)?

This is where it gets complicated, at least for me, and is holding me
back from installing NetBSD alongside Linux.

And no, I can't install a 2nd hard drive, This is an old Thinkpad.

-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Fwd: Can't get audio, host Debian, guest NetBSD, help!

[Ottavio Caruso]

Forwarded over to netbsd-users@, in case you can help.

-- Forwarded message -
From: Ottavio Caruso 
Date: Thu, 17 Mar 2022 at 14:35
Subject: Can't get audio, host Debian, guest NetBSD, help!
To: qemu-discuss 


I am playing with audio and I know that the syntax has changed.

I have a NetBSD 9.2/amd64 guest that I have tried launching like this:

#!/bin/sh
/home/oc/git/qemu/build/qemu-system-x86_64 \
-drive if=virtio,file=/home/oc/VM/img/netbsd.image,index=0,media=disk \
-drive if=virtio,file=/home/oc/VM/img/netbsd.image.old,index=1,media=disk \
-M q35,accel=kvm -m 500M -cpu host -smp $(nproc) \
-nic user,hostfwd=tcp:127.0.0.1:-:22,model=virtio-net-pci,ipv6=off  \
 -device intel-hda -device hda-duplex \
-serial mon:telnet:127.0.0.1:6665,server,nowait \
-pidfile /home/oc/VM/pid/netbsd-pid

See the " -device intel-hda -device hda-duplex " line? I am not sure
if this is enough, but I can see the audio device in the guest:

dmesg|grep -i audio

[ 1.040426] audio0 at eap0: playback, capture, full duplex
[ 1.040426] audio0: slinear_le:16 2ch 48000Hz, blk 1920 bytes
(10ms) for playback
[ 1.040426] audio0: slinear_le:16 2ch 48000Hz, blk 1920 bytes
(10ms) for recording
[ 1.040426] spkr0 at audio0: PC Speaker (synthesized)
[ 1.040426] hdaudio0 at pci0 dev 5 function 0: HD Audio Controller
[ 1.040426] hdaudio0: interrupting at msi0 vec 0
[ 1.040426] hdafg0 at hdaudio0: vendor 1af4 product 0022
[ 1.040426] audio1 at hdafg0: playback, capture, full duplex, independent
[ 1.040426] audio1: slinear_le:16 2ch 48000Hz, blk 1920 bytes
(10ms) for playback
[ 1.040426] audio1: slinear_le:16 2ch 48000Hz, blk 1920 bytes
(10ms) for recording
[ 1.040426] spkr1 at audio1: PC Speaker (synthesized)
[ 2.227379] audio2 at auich0: playback, capture, full duplex, independent
[ 2.227379] audio2: slinear_le:16 2ch 48000Hz, blk 1920 bytes
(10ms) for playback
[ 2.227379] audio2: slinear_le:16 2ch 48000Hz, blk 1920 bytes
(10ms) for recording
[ 2.244061] spkr3 at audio2: PC Speaker (synthesized)

I have also tried the old syntax:

-soundhw all

With similar output in dmesg but no audio forwarded to host.

Any help will be appreciated.

--
Ottavio Caruso

Re: I have botched my disklabel. Can I recover my data?

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Tue, 15 Mar 2022 at 11:07, J. Hannken-Illjes  wrote:
>
> > On 15. Mar 2022, at 11:25, Ottavio Caruso 
> >  wrote:
> >
> > Memo to myself: backup!
> >
> > In a failed attempt at editing the disklabel, I eventually deleted it
> > and obviously I could not boot again. I did not save the disklabel
> > geometry before hand (Yes, I know...), so I booted from the install
> > disk and tried to recreate the information by hand. So I did:
> >
> > # disklabel -i ld0
> >
> > I selected 10GB for the whole disk and 9.5 GB for the NetBSD
> > partition, because I had a 500MB swap partition, saved, crossed
> > fingers, rebooted and:
> >
> > ### START 
> >
> > Tue Mar 15 10:16:49 GMT 2022
> > Starting root file system check:
> > Can't open /dev/rld0a: Device not configured
> 
>
> Take a look at /sbin/scan_ffs aka. /rescue/scan_ffs.
>
> --
> J. Hannken-Illjes - hann...@mailbox.org

Thanks, that was useful. And many thanks to Michael van Elst on Libera
#netbsd for the assistance.

-- 
Ottavio Caruso

A: Because it messes up the order in which people normally read text.
Q: Why is top-posting such a bad thing?
A: Top-posting.
Q: What is the most annoying thing in e-mail?

I have botched my disklabel. Can I recover my data?

[Ottavio Caruso]

Memo to myself: backup!

In a failed attempt at editing the disklabel, I eventually deleted it
and obviously I could not boot again. I did not save the disklabel
geometry before hand (Yes, I know...), so I booted from the install
disk and tried to recreate the information by hand. So I did:

# disklabel -i ld0

I selected 10GB for the whole disk and 9.5 GB for the NetBSD
partition, because I had a 500MB swap partition, saved, crossed
fingers, rebooted and:

### START 

Tue Mar 15 10:16:49 GMT 2022
Starting root file system check:
Can't open /dev/rld0a: Device not configured
CAN'T CHECK FILE SYSTEM.
/dev/rld0a: UNEXPECTED INCONSISTENCY; RUN fsck_ffs MANUALLY.
Automatic file system check failed; help!
ERROR: ABORTING BOOT (sending SIGTERM to parent)!
[1]   Terminated  rc_real_work "${@}" 2>&1 |
  Done(1) rc_postprocess
Enter pathname of shell or RETURN for /bin/sh:
#/bin/ksh
# fdisk ld0
Disk: /dev/rld0
NetBSD disklabel disk geometry:
cylinders: 16383, heads: 16, sectors/track: 63 (1008 sectors/cylinder)
total sectors: 20971520, bytes/sector: 512

BIOS disk geometry:
cylinders: 1023, heads: 255, sectors/track: 63 (16065 sectors/cylinder)
total sectors: 20971520

Partitions aligned to 16065 sector boundaries, offset 63

Partition table:
0: NetBSD (sysid 169)
bootmenu: NetBSD
start 64, size 19456724 (9500 MB, Cyls 0/1/2-1211/32/57), Active
1: 
2: 
3: 
Bootselector disabled.
First active partition: 0
Drive serial number: 0 (0x)
# disklabel ld0
# /dev/rld0:
type: unknown
disk: ld0
label: fictitious
flags:
bytes/sector: 512
sectors/track: 63
tracks/cylinder: 16
sectors/cylinder: 1008
cylinders: 16383
total sectors: 20971520
rpm: 3600
interleave: 1
trackskew: 0
cylinderskew: 0
headswitch: 0   # microseconds
track-to-track seek: 0  # microseconds
drivedata: 0

5 partitions:
#sizeoffset fstype [fsize bsize cpg/sgs]
 c:  1945672464 unused  0 0# (Cyl.  0*-  19302*)
 d:  20971520 0 unused  0 0# (Cyl.  0 -  20805*)
 e:  1843222464 4.2BSD  0 0 0  # (Cyl.  0*-  18285)

### END ###


So, at this point I wonder if there is anything I can do. I haven't
played with NetBSD for a while and disklabel has always been a problem
for me.

I wonder if I can at the very least recover some data of the old disk
and dump it somewhere else. It's a qemu disk, so it's no big deal
creating one more. The problem is that I had a lot of data.

This is what I see from the recovery shell:




Any help will be appreciated.

-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Re: pkgin repo

[Ottavio Caruso]

On 06/04/2021 22:54, Bob Bernstein wrote:

I am taking a first run at pkgin. It fails trying to get a file from:

https://cdn.netbsd.org/pub/pkgsrc/packages/NetBSD/$arch/9.99.81/All

...which can be found in my /usr/pkg/etc/pkgin/repositories.conf.

I have here:
  $ uname -a
NetBSD nebbytwo 9.99.81 NetBSD 9.99.81 (GENERIC) #0: Sat Mar 20 14:30:50 
UTC 2021 
mkre...@mkrepro.netbsd.org:/usr/src/sys/arch/amd64/compile/GENERIC amd64


Given the version of -current I have, what pkgin repository URI should I 
use?




I'd use
https://cdn.netbsd.org/pub/pkgsrc/packages/NetBSD/amd64/9.0_current/

which should be a symlink to the latest current builds, if cdn.* follows 
the same layout as ftp.*


--
Ottavio Caruso

Re: How to invoke 'make' for updating a meta package?

[Ottavio Caruso]

On 05/04/2021 01:21, Bob Bernstein wrote:

The meta package in question is modular-xorg. Mine is quite old.

My spidey-sense tells me that in practice one does not "update" a 
meta-package per se. Or perhaps not?


What is considered Best Practices wrt this situation?


Meta packages themselves get updated every now and again, so you can run 
"make update" on them, but I'd personally use 
pkgtools/pkg_rolling-replace in the cvs root directory.


--
Ottavio Caruso

Re: project primarily for experienced users?

[Ottavio Caruso]

On 28/03/2021 14:15, Mayuresh Kathe wrote:

would netbsd be categorized as a project that is primarily meant for people
who are experienced at the unix way?
i haven't experienced any hostility out here (unlike at openbsd), but the
typical default install does feel scary.



Any exposure to Unix is good, whether it is BSD, Solaris, Linux or even 
Android or MacOS.


You're right in thinking NetBSD/pkgsrc have the best community around. 
However, the OpenBSD crowd are not really hostile. They bark a lot but 
don't bite.


--
Ottavio Caruso

OT: emails from @sdf.org marked as spam by Yahoo Mail, was Re: Network very very slow... was iSCSI and jumbo frames

[Ottavio Caruso]

Just curious: is there any other poor soul like me who, for a number of 
reasons, must use *cough* Yahoo mail and gets all emails from @sdf.org 
sent to the spam folder (one more reason for me to use Gmane as a 
reader)? Setting up any sort of filters doesn't work. When Yahoo marks 
an email as spam, that's it; it will bypass any possible filters.


On 02/02/2021 09:21, RVP wrote:

BERTRAND Joel wrote:


Now jumbo frames are enabled
...
With old Realtek and MTU 1500, throughput was about 10 Mbytes/s.
With a new Intel adapter and jumbo frames, I obtain the same result
...
I suppose there is somewhere a bottleneck, but where ?


1. Are ethernet cards on either end gigabit adapters?
2. Are the cards configured as such by their respective OSes?
    (use ifconfig -v ifname)
3. Is the ethernet cable between the two machines Cat-5E or
    better (with all 8 wires)? (Performance is sometimes not up
    to spec with some cards and mere Cat-5 cables.)

-RVP




--
Ottavio Caruso

Weird lastlogin output

[Ottavio Caruso]

Hi,

$ uname -a
NetBSD NetBSD 9.0_STABLE NetBSD 9.0_STABLE (GENERIC) #0: Sat May  9
08:21:36 UTC 2020
mkre...@mkrepro.netbsd.org:/usr/src/sys/arch/amd64/compile/GENERIC
amd64

$ lastlogin
root  consttySun Aug 23 11:45:12 2020
(0)   consttySun Aug 23 11:47:49 2020
occonsttyMon Dec  7 10:55:59 2020

Any clue of what (0) could be?

-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Re: With 8G RAM would RPI4 be a decent QEMU host?

[Ottavio Caruso]

On 05/12/2020 11:55, Mayuresh wrote:

On Sat, Dec 05, 2020 at 10:07:58AM +, Ottavio Caruso wrote:

I'm interested in the subject. I remember asking a similar question on the
OTFC channel #qemu and the general consensus was that the RPI in general was
not a good qemu host at all.


Was this discussion in the context of newer RPI with higher RAM or prior
to that?



It was probably before the 8G version came out and assuming you use 
Rasbpian binaries. I guess compiling your own qemu and using some 
accelerator will make a difference.


I run qemu=kvm on a Linux host on an old Thinkpad with a much faster cpu 
than the Pi and still it's not great for production use.


--
Ottavio Caruso

Re: With 8G RAM would RPI4 be a decent QEMU host?

[Ottavio Caruso]

On 05/12/2020 03:27, Mayuresh wrote:

I have just ordered RPI4B 8G model, for desktop usage. Initially I might
use the stock OS (Raspberry OS - erstwhile Raspbian). But wonder with good
amount of RAM what all the device can do for me.

- What sort of virtualization accelerators are available on arm (or on
   Pi4B)? (Any counterpart of VT-x on amd64?)

- On aarch64 host if you emulate another aarch64 guest, does it have any
   performance advantage as compared to emulating amd64/i386 on aarch64?

Accordingly wondering about trying a NetBSD guest (aarch64 or amd64) on it
to see if it is workable. If amd64 were to work (with decent speed) the
pkgsrc package availability would improve.



I'm interested in the subject. I remember asking a similar question on 
the OTFC channel #qemu and the general consensus was that the RPI in 
general was not a good qemu host at all.


--
Ottavio Caruso

Re: qemu: How to detach / reattach to console in -nographic mode?

[Ottavio Caruso]

On 13/11/2020 03:12, Mayuresh wrote:

I am looking for something like tmux/screen to attach and detach from qemu
guest's console (not qemu's console) when qemu is started in -nographic
mode.

Well I can use tmux/screen itself to keep one dedicated terminal, but
that's the last resort.

I tried adding a telnet monitor, but it gives me qemu console, not the
guest OS console. (Can I switch to OS console from qemu console?)

Also quitting from qemu console kills the guest. Is there way to just
detach leaving the guest running?

Also the CLI options given here [1] for graphics support do not work for
me when running an armv7 guest. vnc session comes up but hangs during the
boot. Instead of these options, if I just add a telnet monitor vnc session
works fine. Don't know the relation between the two, it looks strange to
me.

[1] http://wiki.netbsd.org/ports/evbarm/qemu_arm/



I am not sure if this is what you want, and I haven't tried it on an arm 
guest, but this is how I launch my NetBSD 9.0 x86_64 guest:


qemu-system-x86_64 \
-drive if=virtio,file=/home/oc/VM/img/netbsd.image,index=0,media=disk \
-M q35,accel=kvm -m 250M -cpu host -smp $(nproc) \
-nic user,hostfwd=tcp:127.0.0.1:-:22,model=virtio-net-pci,ipv6=off  \
-daemonize -display none  -vga none \
-serial mon:telnet:127.0.0.1:6665,server,nowait \
-pidfile /home/oc/VM/pid/netbsd-pid \

telnet 127.0.0.1 6665


When I telnet to port 6665, I get the OS serial console and I can switch 
to the qemu serial console by pressing CRTL-C CTRL-A. Killing the 
session doesn't kill the guest. This assumes you have installed the 
serial bootblocks. I'm not sure how this fits into the arm ecosystem, 
though.


There are also security implications. The qemu docs mention using unix 
domain sockets instead of telnet.



--
Ottavio Caruso

Re: Mailing-list misconfiguration?

[Ottavio Caruso]

On 10/11/2020 15:23, Greg Troxel wrote:


Rhialto  writes:


Personally, I would consider everything that changes my From: header
to be a misrepresentation and fraud.


Agreed, basically.


So SPF and DKIM are... not my favourites.


They aren't the problem.

DKIM is a signature put on by the sending domains MTA, and when the
message is modified, it correctly detects that problem.

SPF can be used to check that when a MAIL FROM identity is asserted
(envelope sender), that the sending domain is ok with it coming from
that address.  Checking this can allow declining messages with forged
MAIL FROM.

The problem is the combination of

   DKIM, and DKIM mandatory checking (DMARC)

   mailinglists that modify the mail, to make it be something different
   from what the sender sent (changing subject, adding junk at the end

and NetBSD's mailing lists do not have these modification problems.
(This is not surprising; NetBSD has a culture of good judgement. :-)


The next problem is that when mailinglists are modifying mail and
running to DMARC issues, a typical response is to forge more headers,
rather than refraining from modifying the message.



Reading this email through Gmane (but sending via SMTP because ... 
NetBSD), I can see a header:


DKIM-Signature:

Does Gmane add this or Majordomo? If the former, I can only be thankful 
to Gmane for allowing me read messages that otherwise will be marked as 
spam.



--
Ottavio Caruso

Re: Mailing-list misconfiguration?

[Ottavio Caruso]

On 09/11/2020 20:16, Rhialto wrote:

On Mon 09 Nov 2020 at 08:55:51 +, Ottavio Caruso wrote:

In comparison, my "From" header to the FreeBSD mailing lists are
rewritten in the form of:

From: Ottavio Caruso via freebsd-questions 


Personally, I would consider everything that changes my From: header
to be a misrepresentation and fraud. So SPF and DKIM are... not my
favourites.


Well no. The first message in the thread doesn't come from the OP. It 
comes from the mailing list, impersonating the OP. Mailing list 
software(s) that change the headers have all the rights to do so. It is 
common practice, it works and nobody gets hurt.


Different story is when you get subsequent messages from other 
recipients if you are cc:'d directly.




--
Ottavio Caruso

Re: Mailing-list misconfiguration?

[Ottavio Caruso]

On 08/11/2020 14:29, Vincent DEFERT wrote:

Hi,

I'm receiving DMARC reports such as the one below. The 199.233.217.200 
source_ip points at mail.netbsd.org.


My understanding is that when NetBSD's mailing-list software forwards my 
posts to other subscribers, it keeps my email as sender address instead 
of replacing it with netbsd-users@netbsd.org.
And because mail.netbsd.org is not listed in my SPF record (of course), 
those forwarded emails are considered as spam.


Not sure if this is a misconfiguration, but it's definitely not working 
well. In comparison, my "From" header to the FreeBSD mailing lists are 
rewritten in the form of:


From: Ottavio Caruso via freebsd-questions 

I'm sure this would make everything easier to all of us who have to rely 
on free and popular email services and/or 3rd party services like Gmane.


--
Ottavio Caruso

Re: Large size console font possible?

[Ottavio Caruso]

On 08/11/2020 20:01, Michael Huff wrote:

Hi

I'm using NetBSD 9.1-amd64.

On a laptop with an intel card. During boot the font resizes into 
something really tiny and barely readable -which gives me intense 
eyestrain really quickly, and makes console troubleshooting a problem.


Is there a way to

a)Prevent NetBSD from switching to a small font

b)ideally select a large size font for NetBSD to use on the console 
(meaning: not in X)


Any chance you have "vesa on" in /boot.cfg ?


--
Ottavio Caruso

Re: Large size console font possible?

[Ottavio Caruso]

On 08/11/2020 20:21, Michael Huff wrote:
Nope. After reading your mail, I tried setting it to "vesa=off" and that 
didn't seem to make any difference.




Just remove "vesa=on". It should force boot into 80x25.


--
Ottavio Caruso

A: Because it messes up the order in which people normally read text.
Q: Why is top-posting such a bad thing?
A: Top-posting.
Q: What is the most annoying thing in e-mail?

Re: NetBSD-9.1

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Mon, 26 Oct 2020 at 14:55, Pedro Pinho  wrote:
>
> Yes, I know but, they shouldn't be there.

Why not?

It's extra information that doesn't hurt.

-- 
Ottavio Caruso

A: Because it messes up the order in which people normally read text.
Q: Why is top-posting such a bad thing?
A: Top-posting.
Q: What is the most annoying thing in e-mail?

/etc/ifconfig.nnX vs /etc/rc.conf vs /etc/dhcpcd.conf

[Ottavio Caruso]

Hi,

This is a follow-up from an interesting chat on Freenode#NetBSD.

I was going to post this on netbsd-docs@ but I have realised this is 
more a "political" than a documentation issue.


For the non-initiated user of NetBSD (= me), there are basically three 
options as where to store your permanent network interface settings:


1) /etc/ifconfig.nnX;
2) /etc/rc.conf; and if you use dchp:
3) /etc/dhcpcd.conf

There are of course other options, such as custom boot scripts.

Choice is good but it can also generate confusion.

What I am proposing is to add a snippet in ifconfig(8) man page, 
straight after the first paragraph in DESCRIPTION, advising that 
permanent settings for an interface be configured in _either_ 
/etc/ifconfig.nnX _or_ /etc/rc.conf (with additional and optional 
reference to /etc/dhcpcd.conf), and then advising which ones of the two 
methods is better and for which reason.


Thanks.

--
Ottavio Caruso

Re: NetBSD-9.1

[Ottavio Caruso]

On 26/10/2020 14:34, Pedro Pinho wrote:

Hi all,

First of all, thanks for 9.1, its great and it runs like a charm.

Now,...

Quoting the release notes

"As usual, this release is fully compatible with packages and other binaries for
NetBSD 9.0."

While, this is true and the packages run just fine,
'/var/db/pkgin/pkg_install-err.log' gets floaded with Warnings,

==
...
---Oct 26 12:51:27: installing sowm-1.6...
pkg_add: Warning: package `sowm-1.6' was built for a platform:
pkg_add: NetBSD/x86_64 9.0 (pkg) vs. NetBSD/x86_64 9.1_STABLE (this host)
pkg_add: Warning: package `st-term-0.8.4nb1' was built for a platform:
pkg_add: NetBSD/x86_64 9.0 (pkg) vs. NetBSD/x86_64 9.1_STABLE (this host)
---Oct 26 12:51:27: installing st-term-0.8.4nb1...
pkg_add: Warning: package `st-term-0.8.4nb1' was built for a platform:
pkg_add: NetBSD/x86_64 9.0 (pkg) vs. NetBSD/x86_64 9.1_STABLE (this host)
pkg_add: Warning: package `ncurses-6.2nb2' was built for a platform:
pkg_add: NetBSD/x86_64 9.0 (pkg) vs. NetBSD/x86_64 9.1_STABLE (this host)
...
==

It doesn't look very pleasing...
Can something be done to avoid such warnings in future releases?


You can ignore those warnings.

--
Ottavio Caruso

Re: grep "--color=always" doesn't (always) work with "-i"

[Ottavio Caruso]

On 22/10/2020 10:47, Ottavio Caruso wrote:

Hi,

$ uname -a
NetBSD NetBSD 9.0_STABLE NetBSD 9.0_STABLE (GENERIC) #0: Sat May  9 
08:21:36 UTC 2020 
mkre...@mkrepro.netbsd.org:/usr/src/sys/arch/amd64/compile/GENERIC amd64


My shell is ksh.


/usr/bin/grep --color=always "DUID" -r /usr/share/man/man*

correctly returns all manual page lines with "DUID" highlighted in red, 
where as:


grep -r -i duid /usr/share/man/man*

returns all manual page lines with case insensitive "duid" but without 
highlighting. I have tried to play around with the orders of parameters 
and removing quotes, without success.


As a term of comparison, the same command works as intended on OpenBSD 
and Linux.


Am I doing something wrong or is it a bug?


Forgot to add:

/usr/bin/grep --color=always "duid" -r /usr/share/man/man*

== colorizes, whereas:

/usr/bin/grep --color=always "DUID" -r /usr/share/man/man*

== doesn't colorize.

For the time being, I'll stick with the former syntax, but I'm baffled 
as to why the latter doesn't work.



--
Ottavio Caruso

grep "--color=always" doesn't work with "-i"

[Ottavio Caruso]

Hi,

$ uname -a
NetBSD NetBSD 9.0_STABLE NetBSD 9.0_STABLE (GENERIC) #0: Sat May  9 
08:21:36 UTC 2020 
mkre...@mkrepro.netbsd.org:/usr/src/sys/arch/amd64/compile/GENERIC amd64


My shell is ksh.


/usr/bin/grep --color=always "DUID" -r /usr/share/man/man*

correctly returns all manual page lines with "DUID" highlighted in red, 
where as:


/usr/bin/grep --color=always -i "DUID" -r /usr/share/man/man*

returns all manual page lines with case insensitive "duid" but without 
highlighting. I have tried to play around with the orders of parameters 
and removing quotes, without success.


As a term of comparison, the same command works as intended on OpenBSD 
and Linux.


Am I doing something wrong or is it a bug?


--
Ottavio Caruso

Re: acpibat0 error message at terminal login

[Ottavio Caruso]

On 18/10/2020 16:06, Patrick wrote:
> Hi.
>
> I am in the process of setting up NetBSD to see if it will work for me
> as a daily machine.  I've started by building a virtual machine under
> Windows 10 using Hyper-V.  Install went fine, but at the login prompt I
> keep getting an error message, "acpibat0: failed to evaluate _IF:
> AE_ERROR".
>
>
> Does anyone know what I can do to fix this error,
As this just a VM, it's mostly a harmless warning. You are not really 
using a battery here.


> at at the very least
> stop them from printing to the terminal?
Edit /etc/syslog.conf (the line with /dev/console).


--
Ottavio Caruso

Re: Drive ID changed

[Ottavio Caruso]

On 28/09/2020 09:47, Jordan Geoghegan wrote:



I found this snippet in some NetBSD documentation:

"You will the be asked if you want to use DUID notation in
/etc/fstab, instead of traditional device names. You are strongly
advised to use DUIDs, as they allow you to move your disks to
different controllers, or change their bus identifiers, without
having to modify /etc/fstab every time your configuration changes."

You should be able to determine your drives DUID using the disklabel 
command.




I've done some googling and the text above comes from some old version 
of OpenBSD, not NetBSD.



--
Ottavio Caruso

A: Because it messes up the order in which people normally read text.
Q: Why is top-posting such a bad thing?
A: Top-posting.
Q: What is the most annoying thing in e-mail?

Re: Drive ID changed

[Ottavio Caruso]

On 28/09/2020 09:47, Jordan Geoghegan wrote:



On 2020-09-27 18:23, Jordan Geoghegan wrote:



On 2020-09-27 16:37, Todd Gruhn wrote:

I recabled the SSD and mechanical hard drives.

When I start NetBSD from the boot menu, NetBSD gets to the end and 
gives this

message:

Starting root file system check:
fsck: no match for 'wd0a': No such process
Automatic file system check failed, help!

Its just cabling. Is there a difference between SCSI and SATA that I
dont know about?


Isn't this why duids exist? I'm not sure about NetBSD, but in OpenBSD 
land, /etc/fstab should reference drives based on their duid rather 
than raw device number to avoid scenarios exactly like this.


I found this snippet in some NetBSD documentation:

"You will the be asked if you want to use DUID notation in
/etc/fstab, instead of traditional device names. You are strongly
advised to use DUIDs, as they allow you to move your disks to
different controllers, or change their bus identifiers, without
having to modify /etc/fstab every time your configuration changes."

You should be able to determine your drives DUID using the disklabel 
command.





Where is this? I thought NetBSD didn't do DUID, at least not on MBR disks.


--
Ottavio Caruso

A: Because it messes up the order in which people normally read text.
Q: Why is top-posting such a bad thing?
A: Top-posting.
Q: What is the most annoying thing in e-mail?

Where can I get a list of all "variable=value" that pkg_admin can set?

[Ottavio Caruso]

Hi,

$ man 1 pkg_admin

=
The following commands are supported:
[...]

set variable=value pkg ...
Set variable with information about the installed package.  Use
unset to remove a variable.

Packages that are not installed directly by the user but pulled
in as dependencies are marked by setting "automatic=YES".
=


$ grep "pkg_admin set" -R /usr/share/man/man*
/usr/share/man/man1/pkg_add.1:.Dl Ic pkg_admin set automatic=YES

Question: apart from "automatic=YES" for pkg_add and "rebuild=YES \*" 
for pkg_rolling-replace, is there any other practical use of the "set" 
command?


Is there a list of all possible variables that pkg_admin can set, or is 
that it?


--
Ottavio Caruso

Re: Weird tty* error messages in a qemu guest with "-vga none".

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Sun, 2 Aug 2020 at 12:40, Martin Husemann  wrote:
>
> On Sun, Aug 02, 2020 at 12:34:23PM +0100, Ottavio Caruso wrote:
> > In /var/run/rc.log:
> > [running /etc/rc.d/wscons]
> > wsconscfg: Cannot open `/dev/ttyEcfg': Device not configured
> > wsconscfg: Cannot open `/dev/ttyEcfg': Device not configured
> > wsconscfg: Cannot open `/dev/ttyEcfg': Device not configured
> > wsconscfg: Cannot open `/dev/ttyEcfg': Device not configured
> > Keyboard wsconsctl: WSKBDIO_SETENCODING: Permission denied
> >
> > ... and in the serial console:
> >
> > Aug  2 12:22:41 NetBSD getty[495]: /dev/ttyE2: Device not configured
> > Aug  2 12:22:41 NetBSD getty[592]: /dev/ttyE3: Device not configured
> > Aug  2 12:22:41 NetBSD getty[537]: /dev/ttyE1: Device not configured
>
> Well, if there is no graphics card (as you told Qemu), there is no wscons
> console and the /dev/ttyE* devices are not available.
>
> You need to set wscons=NO (for rc.d to not try configuring the ttyE* virtual
> consoles) and also mark all ttyE* lines in /etc/ttys as "off" (to avoid a
> getty on the non existent virtual console).

I've done that and indeed it gets rid of all errors. Thanks.

-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Weird tty* error messages in a qemu guest with "-vga none".

[Ottavio Caruso]

Hi,

I'm playing around with qemu and the "-vga none" option. From qemu(1):

-vga type
   Select type of VGA card to emulate. Valid values for type are
none
   Disable VGA card.

As I boot the NetBSD guest in a serial console, I don't need VGA (or do I)?

In /var/run/rc.log:
[running /etc/rc.d/wscons]
wsconscfg: Cannot open `/dev/ttyEcfg': Device not configured
wsconscfg: Cannot open `/dev/ttyEcfg': Device not configured
wsconscfg: Cannot open `/dev/ttyEcfg': Device not configured
wsconscfg: Cannot open `/dev/ttyEcfg': Device not configured
Keyboard wsconsctl: WSKBDIO_SETENCODING: Permission denied

... and in the serial console:

Aug  2 12:22:41 NetBSD getty[495]: /dev/ttyE2: Device not configured
Aug  2 12:22:41 NetBSD getty[592]: /dev/ttyE3: Device not configured
Aug  2 12:22:41 NetBSD getty[537]: /dev/ttyE1: Device not configured

If I set wscons=NO in rc.conf, I don't get the references to
/dev/ttyEcfg in rc.log, but I still get the error messages about
/dev/ttyE{1-3}.

oc@NetBSD:/home/oc$ grep ttyE /etc/ttys
ttyE0 "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" wsvt25 off secure
ttyE1 "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" wsvt25 on secure
ttyE2 "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" wsvt25 on secure
ttyE3 "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" wsvt25 on secure

What does this all mean?


-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Re: mailing lists cannot be searched from the new web pages

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Fri, 31 Jul 2020 at 23:37, Chavdar Ivanov  wrote:
>
> On Fri, 31 Jul 2020 at 23:22, Brook Milligan  wrote:
> >
> > I seems that the "search this site with Google" words on the mailing list 
> > web page (http://mail-index.netbsd.org/) is not a live link.  As far as I 
> > can tell, the mailing lists cannot be searched.
>
> My understanding is that this is not a link at all; it just tells you
> to use Google to search the mailing lists - which happens to work just
> fine, e.g. this query
>
> site: mail-index.netbsd.org current-users 2020/07 "ci4ic4"
>
>  finds my messages to the list this month (although it did find a few
> dmesg logs I've posted on https://dmesgd.nycbug.org/).

There used to be a form:
https://web.archive.org/web/20191018191851/http://mail-index.netbsd.org/


-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Re: OT: User-friendly /bin/sh

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Fri, 31 Jul 2020 at 19:58, Bob Bernstein  wrote:
>
> *** Mandatory Trigger Warning /begin ***
> Brain-dead noobie post dead ahead!
> *** Mandatory Trigger Warning /end ***
>
> I have learned the hard way not to mess with the shell superuser
> is supposed to use. I rarely go to su, but it would be pleasing
> if, when I do, I had two features available from the shell:
> filename completion, and some sort of command history and
> recall.
>
> Can some Good Samaritan please point me to a HOW-TO that would
> provide the needed basic instructions?

You want ksh, both as user and as root.

This is my .shrc as standard user but you can use it and adapt it to root:


# $NetBSD: dot.shrc,v 1.3 2007/11/24 11:14:42 pavel Exp $

if [ -f /etc/shrc ]; then
. /etc/shrc
fi

case "$-" in *i*)
# interactive mode settings go here
;;
esac

# if running ksh
if [ -n "$KSH_VERSION" ]; then
# include .kshrc if it exists
if [ -f "$HOME/.kshrc" ]; then
. "$HOME/.kshrc"
fi
fi




And my .kshrc :


export HISTFILE=$HOME/.ksh.history
export HISTSIZE=1000
PS1='$(whoami)@$(hostname):$PWD$ '
export PAGER="less"
export LESS="-i -m +Gg"
export TERM=xterm



-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Re: Living with Rust

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Sun, 19 Jul 2020 at 21:34, Bob Bernstein  wrote:

>
> AND, I notice in my /etc/mk.conf, to get back to my opening
> point, this line:
>
> RUST_TYPE=src
>
> Can someone tell me what that line does, and if it is really
> what an old, retired hobbyist wants in that file.

https://mail-index.netbsd.org/tech-pkg/2020/06/30/msg023485.html

Changes to the pkgsrc infrastructure:

- Users can now select the type of rust compiler with RUST_TYPE.
  This defaults to "src" on most platforms for the traditional
  bootstrap process.
  For certain platform tiers, Rust publishes official binaries,
  which can be selected with "bin" to avoid the lengthy bootstrap
  process. This includes x86_64 Darwin, NetBSD, and Linux.

- RUST_TYPE defaults to bin on NetBSD/amd64.  This is a workaround for
  difficulties with the normal (source build with a binary bootstrap)
  build method.


-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Re: I finally bricked my NetBSD system

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Thu, 16 Jul 2020 at 21:16, Bob Bernstein  wrote:
>
> There's a long back-story to this event, but it's not important.
>
> Suffice to say that I removed all the packages from my system,
> including the shell I like at /usr/pkg/bin/tcsh, and now all my
> attempts to login are rejected because the shell cannot be
> found.
>
> Is there a work-around?
>
> Thank you

Boot from the installation media, chroot and fix.


-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Re: pkgsrc build server

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Sat, 4 Jul 2020 at 17:07, Dima Veselov  wrote:
>
> Greetings,

> Is there an opportunity to build a package with dependencies
> on production server without installing all dependencies?

[This should belong to pkgsrc-users@]

I'd have thought it's not possible, however:

===> ../../mk/depends/bsd.depends.mk
# SKIP_DEPENDS
# Whether to run the ``depends'' phase.  This is probably only
# useful for pkgsrc developers.
#
# Default value: no

I'm not sure what the practicality of this option is, to be honest.


-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Re: does anyone have a working mozilla firefox-74.0 on 9.0 amd64?

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Fri, 3 Jul 2020 at 13:15, Sad Clouds  wrote:

>
> The current trend of moving native desktop applications to cloud and
> web browsers, simply frustrates and infuriates me. Yes you could build
> a house out of Weetabix, but that doesn't mean that you should.


This trend started more than 10 years ago. Most people I know don't
even use desktop applications; they use mobile apps.

Incidentally, I use a FF on Debian, the plain vanilla binary from
ftp.mozilla.org, and I don't even have proper 3D rendering and
hardware acceleration.  Chromium (binary from Debian) is marginally
better.

-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Re: possible new feature: unrm ?

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Wed, 1 Jul 2020 at 17:25, Michael Cheponis
 wrote:
>
> Yes, it's possible to move to ~/.Trash or something -- but now you need to 
> write ever-increasingly-complicated scripts to e.g. unrm a directory tree.
>
> I agree that backups are necessary, but who hasn't had a corrupted backup?  
> And it's much less convenient.  With disks so big these days, a 'shadow 
> filesystem' seems most logical to me.
>
> Heck, if you think about it, this is precisely what VCSs like git or 
> subversion do -- they give you 'infinite undelete'.  I'm just saying, gee, 
> isn't that a grand idea --- shouldn't we do that for ALL files, by default?

It is a terrible idea.

Feel free to cvs your drive but imposing this on everybody by default,
thanks but no thanks.

-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Re: possible new feature: unrm ?

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Wed, 1 Jul 2020 at 01:18, Michael Cheponis
 wrote:
>
> Have you ever done this:
>
> $ rm good-stuff
> $ echo oh noo\!
>
> because good-stuff is in the bitbucket of no return.
>
> unrm exists as a shell script: http://freshmeat.sourceforge.net/projects/unrm
>
> But, as the commenter says, it would be great to restore filenames and 
> directories.
>
> TOPS-20 had this nifty feature where it would keep all versions of deleted 
> files until one did an EXPUNGE.
>
> The idea would be to keep a 'duplicate' copy of the filesystem data for 
> deleted files, as well -- a kind of shadow filesystem.
>
> If the filesystem was getting full, it could delete the oldest files in the 
> 'shadow' to make room.
>
> So I'm proposing that "rm" move files to the shadow FS, and some other 
> command or switch to rm to really remove them(e.g. temp files).
>
>

I can't actually get to download that script. I used to have a script
that moved the file to ~/Trash and then aliased that to rm. Or just:

alias rm='rm -i'

-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Re: Providing temporary storage space to a VM: qcow, nfs etc

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Thu, 25 Jun 2020 at 10:21, Mayuresh  wrote:
>
> On Thu, Jun 25, 2020 at 10:10:47AM +0100, David Brownlee wrote:
> > A quick if not necessarily elegant option would be to have multiple
> > qcow2 files - one for the system and one for space to build. You can
> > release the build space by stopping the vm, just recreating the second
> > qcow2 file and restarting the VM
>
> Yes, such thought occurred to me. I wish pkgsrc had a feature where `work'
> could reside on a separate path (which I'll keep on a separate FS). This
> way I can keep deleting the work FS, but don't have to check out pkgsrc
> too many times.
>
> Or is there such feature already... (Will search through the guide.)
>

I have:

DISTDIR= /home/oc/pkgsrc/distfiles
WRKOBJDIR= /home/oc/pkgsrc/work
PACKAGES= /home/oc/pkgsrc/packages

Nothing stops you from allocating a specific block device to each of the above.

You'd have to play with machine types and virtio devices to have more
than 4 drives. Qemu "-drive" invocation defaults to ide drives.

-- 
Ottavio Caruso

A: Because it messes up the order in which people normally read text.
Q: Why is top-posting such a bad thing?
A: Top-posting.
Q: What is the most annoying thing in e-mail?

Re: Providing temporary storage space to a VM: qcow, nfs etc

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Thu, 25 Jun 2020 at 04:32, Mayuresh  wrote:
>
> I am using a Linux guest as a pkgsrc build server and the host isn't
> particularly rich in disk space. So can't completely reserve all the space
> required, but spikes in usage during compilation are accommodatable.
>
> I was using qcow2 disk image, but as someone already pointed out it fills
> up rapidly and I searched further on that - it doesn't actually delete
> anything. I don't find an easy way to compress it other than using a qemu
> tool to create a duplicate image and delete the old one.
>
> Looking for something more conservative on space. So turned to network
> file systems with the host. But they aren't particularly speedy. Here are
> speeds shown by dd for write operations:
>
> qcow2: 64MB/s - good but disk fills up rapidly, no easy way to shrink
> nfs: 9.8MB/s - about 6 to 7 times slower than virtual qcow2 disk
> sshfs: 1.8MB/s - no need as nfs does better
>
> If I could reduce the gap between nfs and qcow2 even to some extent I'd
> probably settle for that, as it gives me a lot of flexibility in storage.

You need to put a bit of context here. What do you want to achieve?
What parts of the filesystem(s) do you want to share between host and
guest?
Does the guest need to run all the time? If not, just make a script
that shrinks the qcow2 image whenever it fills up.

#!/bin/sh
qemu-img convert -O qcow2 guest.qcow2 shrunk.qcow2
rm guest.qcow2
mv shrunk.qcow2 guest.qcow2

You could prepend that to the script that launches qemu. There are
similar ways to achieve this from the qemu monitor, but I haven't
tried.

If you use qcow2 a lot, it's worth investigating using snapshots.

(Incidentally, what you're doing is the reverse of what I plan to do,
that is using a Linux host to build pkgsrc in *BSD guests, and I also
want to find an elegant way to export my cvs tree from host to guest)


-- 
Ottavio Caruso

A: Because it messes up the order in which people normally read text.
Q: Why is top-posting such a bad thing?
A: Top-posting.
Q: What is the most annoying thing in e-mail?

Re: mount qcow2 image : qemu-nbd or otherwise

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Mon, 22 Jun 2020 at 17:16, Mayuresh  wrote:
>
> Is there any way I can mount qcow2 image on NetBSD?
>
> I see a utility qemu-nbd that creates a network block device for the
> image, but not sure how to use it on NetBSD.

I can't help you with qemu-ndb, but can you not just convert the
.qcow2 image to raw with qemu-img? I know there is a size penalty, but
it might save you headaches later. I've also found that .qcow2 images
tend to expand in size very quickly.

-- 
Ottavio Caruso

A: Because it messes up the order in which people normally read text.
Q: Why is top-posting such a bad thing?
A: Top-posting.
Q: What is the most annoying thing in e-mail?

Re: Internet access to qemu guest via bridge0

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Mon, 22 Jun 2020 at 18:31, Mayuresh  wrote:
>
> I have done the guest and the host setup as described here and can network
> both ways between a qemu guest and the host:
> https://mail-index.netbsd.org/netbsd-users/2014/08/18/msg015139.html
>
> The guest is just not able to access the external network. It has set the
> host as default route. So host is blocking it in some way. How to
> configure the host bridge so that the guest will be able get internet
> access?
>
> Mayuresh

Do you get Internet access if you just use "-nic user"? Mind you, you
cannot ping or traceroute out if you use standard user mode.

-- 
Ottavio Caruso

A: Because it messes up the order in which people normally read text.
Q: Why is top-posting such a bad thing?
A: Top-posting.
Q: What is the most annoying thing in e-mail?

Re: UEFI serial bootloader

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Tue, 16 Jun 2020 at 11:48, Dima Veselov  wrote:
>
> Greetings,
>
> I have a server with IPMI serial console on COM2, which fails to show
> serial bootloader in UEFI mode. For testing purposes I am using iPXE
> stack with pxeboot_ia32 with console and serial options installed via
> installboot.
>
> UEFI shows itself on every serial port and monitor simultaneously. If
> standard pxeboot is loaded it shows up on the same devices as UEFI, and
> the kernel continues on monitor only, but if pxeboot with com2 option is
> used - it does not show up anywhere, but the kernel works on com2.
>
> I've tried to check the problem on KVM VM but it works as intended -
> UEFI on all devices, pxeboot on programmed device (monitor or serial),
> kernel continues on same as pxeboot.
>
> It would be okay if kernel could have console= boot option, but as far
> as I know it does not, so there is no way I can set up both bootloader
> and kernel to serial device on real hardware.
>
> Is there any clue to check why it happens or any way to debug pxeboot?

Maybe reinstalling the bootblocks with console=auto ?

https://man.bsd.lv/NetBSD-8.0/amd64/installboot#o


-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Re: can't find ping, route and ifconfig commands.

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Sun, 14 Jun 2020 at 17:06, Johnny Billquist  wrote:

>
> (Me, I've never used adduser, by the way. Does the standard installer
> create any user accounts?)

Yes, after installing sets, it asks if you want to add a standard user
and which shell you want to use. I'm not sure if sysinst leaves a log
on the installed system.

-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Re: can't find ping, route and ifconfig commands.

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Sun, 14 Jun 2020 at 16:49, Christos Zoulas  wrote:
>
> In article 
> ,
> Ottavio Caruso   wrote:
> >On Fri, 12 Jun 2020 at 11:14, Johnny Billquist  wrote:
> >
> >> However, most users by default don't have /sbin and /usr/sbin in their
> >> path, so you need to add that, or else run the programs using an
> >> explicit path.
> >>
> >
> >How's that possible?
> >
> >oc@NetBSD:/home/oc$ grep sbin /etc/skel/.profile
> >PATH=$HOME/bin:/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/X11R7/bin:/usr/pkg/bin
> >PATH=${PATH}:/usr/pkg/sbin:/usr/games:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin
> >oc@NetBSD:/home/oc$ grep sbin /etc/skel/.cshrc
> >set path = (~/bin /bin /sbin /usr/{bin,sbin,X11R7/bin,pkg/{,s}bin,games} \
>
> The skeleton files are usually used to populate home directories.
> What does echo $PATH say for you or echo $path?
> What do your dot files contain? What is your shell?

I'm not the OP who reported the problem, but, as you ask:

oc@NetBSD:/home/oc$ grep -i path .profile
# Set the search path for programs.
PATH=$HOME/bin:/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/X11R7/bin:/usr/pkg/bin
PATH=${PATH}:/usr/pkg/sbin:/usr/games:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin
export PATH

oc@NetBSD:/home/oc$ echo $PATH
/home/oc/bin:/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/X11R7/bin:/usr/pkg/bin:/usr/pkg/sbin:/usr/games:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin

KSH_VERSION='@(#)PD KSH v5.2.14 99/07/13.2'

-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Re: can't find ping, route and ifconfig commands.

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Sun, 14 Jun 2020 at 16:47, Johnny Billquist  wrote:
>
> On 2020-06-14 17:20, Ottavio Caruso wrote:
> > On Sun, 14 Jun 2020 at 15:01, Johnny Billquist  wrote:
> >
> >> /etc/skel/{.profile,.cshrc} are just suggested files that you can copy
> >> over to users if you want to. Did you do that?
> >>
> >
> > My understanding was that the files are copied automatically into a
> > user's homedir whenever a user is created.
>
> How do you create a user? There are various ways of doing that, and some
> automation tools probably do it for you.
>

I believe the NetBSD installer uses standard useradd.

Even login.conf mentions:
#default:\
#   :path=/usr/bin /bin /usr/sbin /sbin /usr/X11R7/bin
/usr/pkg/bin /usr/pkg/sbin /usr/local/bin:\

We haven't heard from the OP. I guess " I am missing the the [sic] ping,
route and ifconfig commands." means: "They don't behave as expected",
or an installation gone wrong.

-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Re: can't find ping, route and ifconfig commands.

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Sun, 14 Jun 2020 at 15:01, Johnny Billquist  wrote:

> /etc/skel/{.profile,.cshrc} are just suggested files that you can copy
> over to users if you want to. Did you do that?
>

My understanding was that the files are copied automatically into a
user's homedir whenever a user is created.

-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Re: can't find ping, route and ifconfig commands.

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Fri, 12 Jun 2020 at 11:14, Johnny Billquist  wrote:

> However, most users by default don't have /sbin and /usr/sbin in their
> path, so you need to add that, or else run the programs using an
> explicit path.
>

How's that possible?

oc@NetBSD:/home/oc$ grep sbin /etc/skel/.profile
PATH=$HOME/bin:/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/X11R7/bin:/usr/pkg/bin
PATH=${PATH}:/usr/pkg/sbin:/usr/games:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin
oc@NetBSD:/home/oc$ grep sbin /etc/skel/.cshrc
set path = (~/bin /bin /sbin /usr/{bin,sbin,X11R7/bin,pkg/{,s}bin,games} \


-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Re: can't find ping, route and ifconfig commands.

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Thu, 11 Jun 2020 at 23:57, Guilherme Janczak
 wrote:
>
> On 20/06/11 08:08PM, yilkal argaw wrote:
> > I'm a newbie and I installed netbsd 9.0 using the iso. After
> > installation every thing worked fine but I am missing the the ping,
> > route and ifconfig commands. Since the network autoconf worked
> > perfectly I can install packages but I can't  find  the package that
> > contains them. The documentations imply that they are installed by
> > default. Is there something I'm missing.
> >
>
> Only root can see system administration tools such as those.

No.

$ ll /sbin/ifconfig /sbin/ping /sbin/route
-r-xr-xr-x  1 root  wheel  156144 May  9 08:21 /sbin/ifconfig
-r-sr-xr-x  1 root  wheel   40576 May  9 08:21 /sbin/ping
-r-xr-xr-x  1 root  wheel   59640 May  9 08:21 /sbin/route

$ id
uid=1000(oc) gid=1000(oc) groups=1000(oc),0(wheel)

$ echo $PATH
/home/oc/bin:/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/X11R7/bin:/usr/pkg/bin:/usr/pkg/sbin:/usr/games:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin

$ uname -rs
NetBSD 9.0_STABLE

--
Ottavio Caruso

Re: can't find ping, route and ifconfig commands.

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Thu, 11 Jun 2020 at 21:08, yilkal argaw  wrote:
>
> I'm a newbie and I installed netbsd 9.0 using the iso. After
> installation every thing worked fine but I am missing the the ping,
> route and ifconfig commands. Since the network autoconf worked
> perfectly I can install packages but I can't  find  the package that
> contains them. The documentations imply that they are installed by
> default. Is there something I'm missing.
>

Have you added yourself to the wheel group? Can you use those commands
as root? Can you post the output of "id" and "echo $PATH" for your
standard user?

-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Re: can't find ping, route and ifconfig commands.

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Thu, 11 Jun 2020 at 23:57, Guilherme Janczak
 wrote:
>
> On 20/06/11 08:08PM, yilkal argaw wrote:
> > I'm a newbie and I installed netbsd 9.0 using the iso. After
> > installation every thing worked fine but I am missing the the ping,
> > route and ifconfig commands. Since the network autoconf worked
> > perfectly I can install packages but I can't  find  the package that
> > contains them. The documentations imply that they are installed by
> > default. Is there something I'm missing.
> >
>
> Only root can see system administration tools such as those.

No.

$ ll /sbin/ifconfig /sbin/ping /sbin/route
-r-xr-xr-x  1 root  wheel  156144 May  9 08:21 /sbin/ifconfig
-r-sr-xr-x  1 root  wheel   40576 May  9 08:21 /sbin/ping
-r-xr-xr-x  1 root  wheel   59640 May  9 08:21 /sbin/route

$ id
uid=1000(oc) gid=1000(oc) groups=1000(oc),0(wheel)

$ echo $PATH
/home/oc/bin:/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/X11R7/bin:/usr/pkg/bin:/usr/pkg/sbin:/usr/games:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin

$ uname -rs
NetBSD 9.0_STABLE

-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Re: Installing debian packages on netbsd?

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Wed, 10 Jun 2020 at 11:25, Greg Troxel  wrote:
>
> Ottavio Caruso  writes:
>
> > Incidentally (I haven't tried this myself but I could), I wonder if,
> > instead of installing all the related compat packages from pkgsrc, one
> > could just untar one of these root filesystems into /emul/linux:
> >
> > https://us.images.linuxcontainers.org/images/
> >
> > For example, the Ubuntu one in this particular case. These are meant
> > for docker, but I use them in a chroot on my Debian laptop and they
> > work alright.  (It anybody wants to try them, the ones named
> > "rootfs.tar.xz")
>
> The Linux binary support and the suse compat packages work together but
> aren't tightly related.  (Beware that our Linux emulation does not have
> every syscall, but it has all the ones that people have added to run the
> things they wanted to run.)
>
> What you describe is a very reasonable thing to try and will probably
> work.  I encourage you and others to try it and report back.
>
> We have a notion of unpacking a fuller system into /compat/linux, and
> adding packages for more things.  If you want to run 3 Linux binaries,
> then you need the union of the libs all three need in /compat/linux.
>
> (baseless speculation: If you chroot to try to run a semi-container, you
> can probably have multiple separate unpacked trees.)

Is /compat/linux a symlink to /emul/linux? I'm confused about where
the rootfs should be unpacked.


-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Re: Installing debian packages on netbsd?

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Wed, 10 Jun 2020 at 01:11, Greg Troxel  wrote:
>
> "Patrick Pritchard"  writes:
>
> > I’m interested in setting up a private cloud using Synology Drive.
> > The desktop installer is an “Ubuntu (deb)” package — is there a way to
> > install these in NetBSD?
>
> NetBSD can run some (most?) Linux binaries, as Ottavio explained.
>
> I have two suggestions:
>
>   after installing the linux compat packages, chroot into /emul/linux
>   and then run the dpkg tools.  first you might need to install them
>   because the emulation is suse.
>
>   Look at various linux compat packages in pkgsrc, and figure out how to
>   turn the synology package into a pkgsrc package with linux binaries.
>

Incidentally (I haven't tried this myself but I could), I wonder if,
instead of installing all the related compat packages from pkgsrc, one
could just untar one of these root filesystems into /emul/linux:

https://us.images.linuxcontainers.org/images/

For example, the Ubuntu one in this particular case. These are meant
for docker, but I use them in a chroot on my Debian laptop and they
work alright.  (It anybody wants to try them, the ones named
"rootfs.tar.xz")

-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Re: Installing debian packages on netbsd?

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Tue, 9 Jun 2020 at 17:57, Patrick Pritchard  wrote:
>
> I’m interested in setting up a private cloud using Synology Drive. The 
> desktop installer is an “Ubuntu (deb)” package — is there a way to install 
> these in NetBSD?

You are probably aware that Linux and NetBSD are not binary compatible
with each other; so in theory, even if you found a way to "install"
the package on NetBSD, it's not meant to work. However, there's a dpkg
package in pkgsrc and there is compat_linux(8). The .deb package might
or might not install in Linux emulation and might or might not work.

https://www.netbsd.org/docs/guide/en/chap-linux.html
https://www.netbsd.org/docs/compat.html

-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Re: Update /usr/pkgsrc

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Mon, 8 Jun 2020 at 05:13, Jay Patel  wrote:
>
> Check this out : https://www.netbsd.org/docs/pkgsrc/getting.html#uptodate-cvs
>
> On Mon, 08 Jun 2020 at 9:42 am nottobay wrote:
>
> I was trying to build wine earlier and it seems my /usr/pkgsrc is from a 
> prior install of NetBSD 8 and I'm on 9. Is there anyway to fix that without 
> reinstalling?

The OP probably wanted to know if they had to rebuild pkgsrc now that
they moved from NetBSD 8 to NetBSD 9. In which case the answer is: I
would just make a new bootstrap and rebuild all packages, but there is
a chance packages might just work as they are.

(Jay: top-posting and html make a mess of keeping replies in context.)

-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Re: Cannot interact with boot menu through (virtual) serial console.

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Thu, 5 Mar 2020 at 08:19, Ottavio Caruso
 wrote:
>
> On Thu, 5 Mar 2020 at 07:28, Andreas Gustafsson  wrote:
> >
> > Ottavio Caruso wrote:
> > > I can see all the boot messages and I can log in through the serial
> > > console, but I can't select any options at the boot menu.
> >
> > There is a qemu bug report for this:
> >
> >   https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1743191
>

I've added a comment:
https://bugs.launchpad.net/qemu/+bug/1743191/comments/1

In other words, reverting to Seabios 1.10 restores interaction with
NetBSD boot menu.

I'd have wanted to "git bisect" the qemu tree and report the output to
qemu-devel but I couldn't get the right information. If anybody wants
to take it from here, they will be very welcome.


-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Re: Cannot interact with boot menu through (virtual) serial console.

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Thu, 5 Mar 2020 at 07:28, Andreas Gustafsson  wrote:
>
> Ottavio Caruso wrote:
> > I can see all the boot messages and I can log in through the serial
> > console, but I can't select any options at the boot menu.
>
> There is a qemu bug report for this:
>
>   https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1743191

Thanks. I'll take it with the qemu folks.


-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Cannot interact with boot menu through (virtual) serial console.

[Ottavio Caruso]

Hi,

Minor annoyance. I'm booting:

$ uname -a
NetBSD NetBSD 9.0 NetBSD 9.0 (GENERIC) #0: Fri Feb 14 00:06:28 UTC
2020  mkre...@mkrepro.netbsd.org:/usr/src/sys/arch/amd64/compile/GENERIC
amd64

as a guest using qemu:

qemu-system-x86_64 \
-drive if=virtio,file=/home/oc/VM/img/openbsd.image,index=0,media=disk \
-M q35,accel=kvm -m 350M -cpu host -smp $(nproc) \
-nic user,hostfwd=tcp::-:22,model=virtio-net-pci -nographic

This is an upgrade from 8.1 after a fresh reinstall.

I have installed the bootblocks on com0 and I have this in /boot.cfg:

menu=Boot serial:rndseed /var/db/entropy-file;consdev com0;boot netbsd
menu=Boot normally:rndseed /var/db/entropy-file;boot netbsd
menu=Boot single user:rndseed /var/db/entropy-file;boot netbsd -s
menu=Disable ACPI:rndseed /var/db/entropy-file;boot netbsd -2
menu=Disable ACPI and SMP:rndseed /var/db/entropy-file;boot netbsd -12
menu=Drop to boot prompt:prompt
default=1
timeout=5
clear=1

I can see all the boot messages and I can log in through the serial
console, but I can't select any options at the boot menu. No key seems
to be recognised. The timer counts down from 5 to 0 and then boots the
default option. If one day I wanted to boot into single mode, I
wouldn't be able to do it without editing boot.cfg.

As a term of comparison, I have the same setting for 2 VMs running
FreeBSD and OpenBSD and I cannot replicate the same issue with either
OSes.

Any input will be appreciated.

Full dmesg:
https://dmesgd.nycbug.org/index.cgi?do=view=5409

-- 
Ottavio Caruso

postinstall fixes failed: gid

[Ottavio Caruso]

Hi,

upgraded from 8.1 to 9.0 (amd64)

Running:

# postinstall  -s /tmp/etc.tar.xz  fix

Full log at the end of this message, but relevant bits here:

[...]
gid fix:
Error groups (FIX MANUALLY): nvmm (missing)
Use the following as a template:
nvmm:*:34:root
and adjust if necessary
[...]
postinstall fixes failed: gid

Leonardo Taccari gave me a fix once but I did not save it.

My questions are;
1) Why has this happened? Is this a bug?
2) Why do I need a nvmm group?
3) I've manually added:
nvmm:*:34:root
to the group file and now I have no errors. Is this enough? Do I have
to rebuild any databases?

Thanks.

# postinstall  -s /tmp/etc.tar.xz  fix
Note: Creating temporary directory /tmp/_postinstall.1706.0/etc.tgz
Note: Extracting files from /tmp/etc.tar.xz
Source directory: /tmp/_postinstall.1706.0/etc.tgz
 (extracted from: /tmp/etc.tar.xz)
Target directory: /
bluetooth fix:
ddbonpanic fix:
defaults fix:
(Checking for pf.boot.conf from
/tmp/_postinstall.1706.0/etc.tgz/etc/defaults instead of
/tmp/_postinstall.1706.0/etc.tgz/usr.sbin/pf/etc/defaults)
dhcpcd fix:
(Checking for dhcpcd.conf from /tmp/_postinstall.1706.0/etc.tgz/etc
instead of /tmp/_postinstall.1706.0/etc.tgz/external/bsd/dhcpcd/dist/src)
dhcpcdrundir fix:
envsys fix:
fontconfig fix:
/tmp/_postinstall.1706.0/etc.tgz/etc/fonts/conf.avail is not a
directory; skipping check
gid fix:
Error groups (FIX MANUALLY): nvmm (missing)
Use the following as a template:
nvmm:*:34:root
and adjust if necessary.
gpio fix:
hosts fix:
iscsi fix:
makedev fix:
(Checking for MAKEDEV from /tmp/_postinstall.1706.0/etc.tgz/dev
instead of /tmp/_postinstall.1706.0)
(Checking for MAKEDEV.local from /tmp/_postinstall.1706.0/etc.tgz/dev
instead of /tmp/_postinstall.1706.0/etc.tgz/etc)
motd fix:
mtree fix:
named fix:
pam fix:
periodic fix:
pf fix:
(Checking for pf.os from /tmp/_postinstall.1706.0/etc.tgz/etc instead
of /tmp/_postinstall.1706.0/etc.tgz/dist/pf/etc)
pwd_mkdb fix:
rc fix:
(Checking for blacklistd from
/tmp/_postinstall.1706.0/etc.tgz/etc/rc.d instead of
/tmp/_postinstall.1706.0/etc.tgz/external/bsd/blacklist/etc/rc.d)
ssh fix:
(Checking for moduli from /tmp/_postinstall.1706.0/etc.tgz/etc instead
of /tmp/_postinstall.1706.0/etc.tgz/crypto/external/bsd/openssh/dist)
wscons fix:
x11 fix:
xkb fix:
uid fix:
varrwho fix:
tcpdumpchroot fix:
atf fix:
(Checking for NetBSD.conf from
/tmp/_postinstall.1706.0/etc.tgz/etc/atf instead of
/tmp/_postinstall.1706.0/etc.tgz/external/bsd/atf/etc/atf)
(Checking for atf-run.hooks from
/tmp/_postinstall.1706.0/etc.tgz/etc/atf instead of
/tmp/_postinstall.1706.0/etc.tgz/external/bsd/atf/dist/tools/sample)
catpages fix:
manconf fix:
ptyfsoldnodes fix:
varshm fix:
obsolete fix:
postinstall fixes passed: bluetooth ddbonpanic defaults dhcpcd
dhcpcdrundir envsys fontconfig gpio hosts iscsi makedev motd mtree
named pam periodic pf pwd_mkdb rc ssh wscons x11 xkb uid varrwho
tcpdumpchroot atf catpages manconf ptyfsoldnodes varshm obsolete
postinstall fixes failed: gid



-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Re: Cannot boot NetBSD under qemu-kvm

[Ottavio Caruso]

On 24/02/2020 03:30, Julien Savard wrote:

Hi,
I'm running kvm with libvirt/vort-manager. However, machine type is :

   
 hvm
 
   

Also tried with  pc-i440fx-1.4 and  pc-i440fx-4.1. Still the same.

Just to sure I've somewhat tried to boot one of my VM with more or less
your command and no libvirt ( qemu-system-x86_64 -drive
if=virtio,file=/var/lib/libvirt/images/nbqc1-distcc4_01.qcow2,index=0,media=disk
-M q35,accel=kvm -m 512M -cpu host )
Still hang at the same place ("NetBSD/x86 ffsv2 Primary Bootstrap")




(Please bottom post; it makes it easier for me to reply).

What was your previous version of qemu and what is the new one?

Try booting using the argument "-M c-i440fx--drive 
if=virtio,file=/var/lib/libvirt/images/nbqc1-distcc4_01.qcow2,index=0,media=disk

-M pc-i440fx-3.0,accel=kvm -m 512M -cpu host

Also try "if=ide" instead of "if=virtio" or remove the machine type 
altogether.


Failing that, try asking on irc (OFTC #qemu).

--
Ottavio Caruso

Re: Cannot boot NetBSD under qemu-kvm

[Ottavio Caruso]

On 21/02/2020 03:38, Julien Savard wrote:

Hi,
it seems that since my last fedora upgrade ( 30 -> 31 ) I cannot boot any
NetBSD Guest running on KVM-Qemu.
Actual version on Fedora 31 is qemu-kvm-4.1.1-1.
NetBSD 8.0/8.1 On HD hang on : "NetBSD/x86 ffsv2 Primary Bootstrap"
NetBSD 9.0 booting on CD(iso) hangs on "acpicpu1: at cpu1: ACPI CPU".
Booting with ACPI disabled ( boot -2) hangs on : "attimer0: attached to
pcppi0"
I tried on 2 different x86_64 hosts. One Intel ( Core 2) based and the
other AMD (Opteron) based.
Booting OpenBSD or Linux works wells Only NetBSD seems to be an issue.
Has anybody experienced this issue?



What's your full command line?

This is mine:
qemu-system-x86_64 \
-drive if=virtio,file=/home/oc/VM/img/netbsd.image,index=0,media=disk \
-M q35,accel=kvm -m 350M -cpu host -smp $(nproc) \
-nic user,hostfwd=tcp::6665-:22,model=virtio-net-pci,ipv6=off -nographic

It is possible that you have to tweak the "M q35" parameter, if you 
moved from a previous version of qemu.


"qemu-system-x86_64 -M help" will give you all the possible values.


--
Ottavio Caruso

Re: pkgsrc binary packages security with pkgin

[Ottavio Caruso]

On 31/01/2020 12:05, Leonardo Taccari wrote:

Ottavio Caruso writes:

[...]
I believe there's an internal pkgsrc security mailing list to which
users have no access (I could be wrong), so I don't really know how this
auditing really works.

One can always "pkg_admin fetch-pkg-vulnerabilities && pkg_admin audit".
[...]


pkgsrc-security@ is a team, usually there isn't much traffic on it and
the most possible private information that happens is on an internal RT
ticket system to track tickets that then ends up in pkg-vulnerabilities
file.

However, this is mostly unrelated to signing binary packages (we manually
sign the pkg-vulnerabilities file but that's unrelated).



Leo & al.,

The original questions were [sic]:

1) "is safe the use pkgsrc binary packages. For example using pkgin?"

2) "Is the authenticity and integrity of packages installed this way is 
guaranteed assuming no bugs in software involved?"


3) "Is it safer to compile by yourself?"

I have interpreted "binary packages safety" as something intrinsic to 
potential vulnerability of the 3rd party software itself, as opposed to 
package integrity checking with digital signatures, checksums, etc, at 
least related to questions 1 and 3.


It seems to me that one can sign a package all they want; if there is a 
vulnerability in the code itself, this won't go away by having it 
digitally signed.


(I'm not having a go at anybody. I'm just trying to understand what it 
is all about)



--
Ottavio Caruso

Re: pkgsrc binary packages security with pkgin

[Ottavio Caruso]

On 31/01/2020 07:49, yarl-bau...@mailoo.org wrote:

Please Maya and Mr Billquist, can you be more specific about how it is insecure?

To all: Is someone working on it and what is ongoing to improve this?



I feel this thread belongs to pkgsrc-users@ or even better tech-pkg@ and 
I'm not the OP, but here's my thoughts: binary packages are bulk-built 
from pkgsrc. pkgsrc is not strictly part of the operating system base 
but are external applications. Making a rough and totally uneducated 
comparison between NetBSD and, say, OpenBSD, the former is more focused 
on usability and making sure the system doesn't break, while the latter 
is totally focused on security, to the point of mutilating crucial parts 
of the OS, if that doesn't fit its self-imposed standards (I'm over 
simplifying).


I believe there's an internal pkgsrc security mailing list to which 
users have no access (I could be wrong), so I don't really know how this 
auditing really works.


One can always "pkg_admin fetch-pkg-vulnerabilities && pkg_admin audit".

--
Ottavio Caruso

Re: NetBSD and User Private Groups (Unique Groups)

[Ottavio Caruso]

On 29/01/2020 13:20, Manuel Bouyer wrote:

On Wed, Jan 29, 2020 at 11:29:54AM +, Ottavio Caruso wrote:

On 29/01/2020 10:02, Manuel Bouyer wrote:

On Wed, Jan 29, 2020 at 09:36:02AM +, Ottavio Caruso wrote:

Hi,

I'm using 9.0_RC1, so I don't know if this is a functionality that was used
in the past and then dropped or will be introduced in the future.

At one point in time, probably around 10+ years ago, Red Hat introduced User
Private Groups [1]. I ignore if other OSes have had this feature before
(probably Mac OSX ?). Anyway, this has then spread to all other major Linux
distros. FreeBSD calls them "unique groups" [2]. OpenBSD has this line in
/etc/usermgmt.conf:

group   =uid


I never understood how this would be usefull



[I forgot to cc: the list. Manuel, sorry for the duplicate]

I wonder how this can possibly _not_ be useful.

On a multi user system, all files are created readable by the group (umask
022). If we are all in the same group, anybody can read my newly created
files (imagine a local password file for alpine or ssl certs for irc, etc).
It's then left to the user to change umask and/or adjust permissions. Why
not just make it easier for the user?


Note that it's also readable by others (with umask 022, the files are
created rw-r--r--), so changing the group won't help.



It's a valid point. I had manually set my umask to 066 and I assumed 
this had anything to do with group setup. Sorry for the noise.


And, replying to Martin, I agree that a global umask would be the best 
solution. This would however open a can of worms, as one would have to 
agree on which umask to use, then edit all configuration files for all 
shells (including the ones installed from pkgsrc) and make sure that 
updates do not touch these files, unless there's a simpler solution that 
I'm obviously missing.


(And, yes, I understand _I_ have opened a can of worms by asking this 
question...)


--
Ottavio Caruso

Re: NetBSD and User Private Groups (Unique Groups)

[Ottavio Caruso]

On 29/01/2020 11:41, Martin Husemann wrote:

On Wed, Jan 29, 2020 at 11:29:54AM +, Ottavio Caruso wrote:

On a multi user system, all files are created readable by the group (umask
022). If we are all in the same group, anybody can read my newly created
files (imagine a local password file for alpine or ssl certs for irc, etc).
It's then left to the user to change umask and/or adjust permissions. Why
not just make it easier for the user?


But sharing is usefull 


Is it? There are other ways to share and one can still make their 
files/directories world-readable if they want.



and your suggested change makes it hard.


Yes and that's deliberate. In 2020, the average user is not as 
technically minded as 20 or 30 years ago and I'm the kind of person who 
likes to assume the worst.



--
Ottavio Caruso

Re: NetBSD and User Private Groups (Unique Groups)

[Ottavio Caruso]

On 29/01/2020 10:02, Manuel Bouyer wrote:

On Wed, Jan 29, 2020 at 09:36:02AM +, Ottavio Caruso wrote:

Hi,

I'm using 9.0_RC1, so I don't know if this is a functionality that was used
in the past and then dropped or will be introduced in the future.

At one point in time, probably around 10+ years ago, Red Hat introduced User
Private Groups [1]. I ignore if other OSes have had this feature before
(probably Mac OSX ?). Anyway, this has then spread to all other major Linux
distros. FreeBSD calls them "unique groups" [2]. OpenBSD has this line in
/etc/usermgmt.conf:

group   =uid


I never understood how this would be usefull



[I forgot to cc: the list. Manuel, sorry for the duplicate]

I wonder how this can possibly _not_ be useful.

On a multi user system, all files are created readable by the group 
(umask 022). If we are all in the same group, anybody can read my newly 
created files (imagine a local password file for alpine or ssl certs for 
irc, etc). It's then left to the user to change umask and/or adjust 
permissions. Why not just make it easier for the user?


--
Ottavio Caruso

NetBSD and User Private Groups (Unique Groups)

[Ottavio Caruso]

Hi,

I'm using 9.0_RC1, so I don't know if this is a functionality that was 
used in the past and then dropped or will be introduced in the future.


At one point in time, probably around 10+ years ago, Red Hat introduced 
User Private Groups [1]. I ignore if other OSes have had this feature 
before (probably Mac OSX ?). Anyway, this has then spread to all other 
major Linux distros. FreeBSD calls them "unique groups" [2]. OpenBSD has 
this line in /etc/usermgmt.conf:


group   =uid

While NetBSD has:

group   users

I know it's just a simple matter for the admin to change a line for this 
feature to be implemented, but I wonder if there are any technical 
reasons why this has not been set as default, especially at install time.


Thanks.


[1] 
https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_enterprise_linux/5/html/deployment_guide/s1-users-groups-private-groups

[2] https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?adduser(8)

--
Ottavio Caruso

Re: Local repo

[Ottavio Caruso]

Op 28/01/2020 om 05:43 schreef Pedro Pinho:

Hi,
Is it possible to have more than one repo defined
in /usr/pkg/etc/pkgin/repositories.conf or, am I looking for trouble?
I want to have pkgin handling an official mirror and at the same time a
local repo with pkgs built locally that officially don't exist in the main
repository.
Is this as simple as, defining two addresses in repositories.conf?
TIA



You definitely can. Whether you're looking for trouble or not is a 
matter of opinions.


I have two local repos, one pointing to pkgs built from the last stable 
release and the other pointing to pkgs built from pkgsrc-current. There 
are occasional hiccups.


This question (and my answer) is probably more suited to pkgscr-users.

--
Ottavio Caruso

Re: How do you set $PS1 on /bin/ksh

[Ottavio Caruso]

Op 24/01/2020 om 18:56 schreef Ottavio Caruso:

On Fri, 24 Jan 2020 at 16:34, Kamil Rytarowski  wrote:


On 24.01.2020 14:19, Ottavio Caruso wrote:

Hi,

[hoping my post doesn't arrive duplicated or triplicated]

How do you set the prompt in ksh? The man page doesn't seem to help.
OpenBSD ksh has a different manpage. Compare:
https://man.openbsd.org/ksh.1#PS1
and
https://netbsd.gw.com/cgi-bin/man-cgi?ksh

For example:
PS1="\u@\h:\w\$ "

is not expanded.

Thanks



Personally, I use:

export PS1='! $(whoami)@$(hostname) $PWD $ '



This works. Thanks.



Thank you all for your help. One more thing. Is there any trick I can 
use to get $PWD expanded as "~" rather than "/home/oc"? This takes a lot 
of real estate.


--
Ottavio Caruso

Re: pkgsrc binary packages security with pkgin

[Ottavio Caruso]

Op 26/01/2020 om 02:55 schreef Johnny Billquist:

On 2020-01-26 03:43, J. Lewis Muir wrote:

On 01/25, m...@netbsd.org wrote:

On Sat, Jan 25, 2020 at 01:34:34AM +0100, yarl-bau...@mailoo.org wrote:
May I ask how is safe the use pkgsrc binary packages. For example 
using pkgin. Does libfetch is doing fine with https? Any thoughts?


Is the authenticity and integrity of packages installed this way is 
guaranteed assuming no bugs in software involved?


No.


Wow!  That's surprising.  Can you explain why?

I understand that the binary packages are not digitally signed, but if
the binary repo is served over HTTPS, as long as the repo has not been
compromised, the integrity and authenticity is guaranteed, no?

Or as the OP asked, is pkgin not actually validating the server's SSL
certificate?  That would be terrible if it's silently behaving that way.
If it can't handle HTTPS properly, it should refuse to use the URL.
Anyway, I would be very surprised if this is what's going on, so I'm
just asking to understand better.

Thank you!


The code is not audited anyway, but just downloaded from various places, 
and then built.


If you really want to have some actual security, and not just a false 
sense of it, https or so on is not really the answer. Anyone who thinks 
that just because https is involved, it is somehow more secure, is 
really fooling themselves.


https is most properly something to use when submitting sensitive data 
to a web server, which you do not want someone to pick up along the way.


The total craziness of moving the whole internet to https is not really 
improving any security in most situations.


Not to mention the question of how you would solve the replication of 
repositories. All needs their own signatures. So there are a whole bunch 
of places where to get packages from. How do you know that they are all 
legit, and have the "right" binary packages even? You cannot have a 
single signature to ensure they are legit, since https ties certificates 
to the specific host.


   /Me feeling very tired of the https hysteria...
   Johnny



Incidentally, I wonder if OpenBSD's privsep  [1] [2] could be a possible 
welcome addition to pkgsrc.


[1] https://man.openbsd.org/bsd.port.mk#PORTS_PRIVSEP
[2] https://dataswamp.org/~solene/2020-01-11-privsep.html

--
Ottavio Caruso

Re: How do you set $PS1 on /bin/ksh

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Fri, 24 Jan 2020 at 16:34, Kamil Rytarowski  wrote:
>
> On 24.01.2020 14:19, Ottavio Caruso wrote:
> > Hi,
> >
> > [hoping my post doesn't arrive duplicated or triplicated]
> >
> > How do you set the prompt in ksh? The man page doesn't seem to help.
> > OpenBSD ksh has a different manpage. Compare:
> > https://man.openbsd.org/ksh.1#PS1
> > and
> > https://netbsd.gw.com/cgi-bin/man-cgi?ksh
> >
> > For example:
> > PS1="\u@\h:\w\$ "
> >
> > is not expanded.
> >
> > Thanks
> >
>
> Personally, I use:
>
> export PS1='! $(whoami)@$(hostname) $PWD $ '
>

This works. Thanks.

-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Re: How do you set $PS1 on /bin/ksh

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Fri, 24 Jan 2020 at 18:57, Robert Elz  wrote:
>
> There are a zillion different things called ksh, I'm not
> sure which version OpenBSD have as ksh

Strangely enough, both OSes report exactly the same version:

KSH_VERSION='@(#)PD KSH v5.2.14 99/07/13.2'

-- 
Ottavio Caruso

How do you set $PS1 on /bin/ksh

[Ottavio Caruso]

Hi,

[hoping my post doesn't arrive duplicated or triplicated]

How do you set the prompt in ksh? The man page doesn't seem to help.
OpenBSD ksh has a different manpage. Compare:
https://man.openbsd.org/ksh.1#PS1
and
https://netbsd.gw.com/cgi-bin/man-cgi?ksh

For example:
PS1="\u@\h:\w\$ "

is not expanded.

Thanks

-- 
Ottavio Caruso

[Solved] Unbootable system, was: How can I get to display the boot menu in serial console?

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Tue, 21 Jan 2020 at 09:23, Ottavio Caruso
 wrote:
>
> On Mon, 20 Jan 2020 at 22:42, Jason Mitchell  wrote:
>
> >
> > The boot blocks determine where the boot menu is displayed. The installboot 
> > command lets you write new boot blocks which will send the messages to the 
> > serial port. There should be examples either on this list or on the 
> > port-amd64 lists ( I’m assuming you are using amd64, otherwise it’s 
> > port-i386).
> >
> > If you have trouble then reply — I’m not in front of a NetBSD box right now 
> > but I will be later.
>
> I think I did install the correct bootblocks for serial console,
> however, I played around with installboot and now I've messed up my
> installation and the system is unbootable. Any chance I can recover it
> booting from the cd image?

For future reference: I killed two birds with one stone by booting
from the cd, escaping to a root shell and reinstalling the bootloader:

# fdisk -B ld0

(ld0 is the qemu virtio hard drive).

Now the system is bootable again and I can also see the boot menu in
console. Happy days!

-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Unbootable system, was: How can I get to display the boot menu in serial console?

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Mon, 20 Jan 2020 at 22:42, Jason Mitchell  wrote:

>
> The boot blocks determine where the boot menu is displayed. The installboot 
> command lets you write new boot blocks which will send the messages to the 
> serial port. There should be examples either on this list or on the 
> port-amd64 lists ( I’m assuming you are using amd64, otherwise it’s 
> port-i386).
>
> If you have trouble then reply — I’m not in front of a NetBSD box right now 
> but I will be later.

I think I did install the correct bootblocks for serial console,
however, I played around with installboot and now I've messed up my
installation and the system is unbootable. Any chance I can recover it
booting from the cd image?



-- 
Ottavio Caruso

How can I get to display the boot menu in serial console?

[Ottavio Caruso]

Hi,

I'm booting a NetBSD 9.0_RC1 VM in qemu (Linux host).

For various reasons (one being that qemu VGA rendering of text mode is
crap), I need to boot the image over an emulated serial console:

$ cat opt/bin/boot-netbsd-virtio
#!/bin/sh
qemu-system-x86_64 \
-drive if=virtio,file=/home/oc/VM/img/netbsd.image,index=0,media=disk \
-M q35,accel=kvm -m 400M -cpu host -smp $(nproc) \
-nic user,hostfwd=tcp::6665-:22,model=virtio-net-pci,ipv6=off -nographic

In the guest, I have:

$ cat /boot.cfg
menu=Boot Serial:rndseed /var/db/entropy-file;consdev com0;boot netbsd
menu=Boot normally:rndseed /var/db/entropy-file;boot netbsd
menu=Boot single user:rndseed /var/db/entropy-file;boot netbsd -s
menu=Disable ACPI:rndseed /var/db/entropy-file;boot netbsd -2
menu=Disable ACPI and SMP:rndseed /var/db/entropy-file;boot netbsd -12
menu=Drop to boot prompt:prompt
default=1
timeout=5
clear=1

I can see the boot menu if I boot in VGA mode, but not over serial console.

The system boots fine; I just can't select any other option.

Is there anything I can do or is it a limitation of how NetBSD sees
serial consoles?

As a term of comparison, I have a similar setup for a FreeBSD guest
and I can indeed see the FreeBSD boot menu.

Thanks



-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Re: repo missing package

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Wed, 8 Jan 2020 at 20:20, Ron Georgia  wrote:
>
> Am I missing something? I lot of packages are missing out of the
> https://cdn.netbsd.org/pub/pkgsrc/packages/NetBSD/amd64/8.1/Allrepo.
> Like firefox, tint2, feh... was this on purpose or am I out to lunch?
>
That's because all those build failed:
http://nyftp.netbsd.org/pub/pkgsrc/packages/reports/2019Q4/NetBSD-8.0-x86_64/20191229.1155/meta/report.html

-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Re: Why are all pkg* commands in man section 1?

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Fri, 13 Dec 2019 at 20:19,  wrote:
>
> On Fri, 13 Dec 2019, Ottavio Caruso wrote:
>
> > I wonder why they are all in section 1 of the manual pages and not in
> > section 8, where one would expect them to be.
>
> I think it is a mistake. I thought there was a PR (problem report)
> ticket for it.
>
> I certainly reported it before.
>

I couldn't find the PR but I found your post:
http://mail-index.netbsd.org/tech-userlevel/2009/04/10/msg002036.html

-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Why are all pkg* commands in man section 1?

[Ottavio Caruso]

Hi,

This is from my NetBSD 8.1:

$ ls -al /usr/sbin/pkg*
-r-xr-xr-x  1 root  wheel  120904 May 31  2019 /usr/sbin/pkg_add
-r-xr-xr-x  1 root  wheel  115592 May 31  2019 /usr/sbin/pkg_admin
-r-xr-xr-x  1 root  wheel   72440 May 31  2019 /usr/sbin/pkg_create
-r-xr-xr-x  1 root  wheel   70160 May 31  2019 /usr/sbin/pkg_delete
-r-xr-xr-x  1 root  wheel  106576 May 31  2019 /usr/sbin/pkg_info

And this on my Linux host with pkgsrc:

$ ls -al /usr/pkg/sbin/pkg*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 684992 Dec  9 17:45 /usr/pkg/sbin/pkg_add
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 661696 Dec  9 17:45 /usr/pkg/sbin/pkg_admin
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  20903 Nov  3 19:56 /usr/pkg/sbin/pkg_alternatives
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  26255 Nov  3 19:57 /usr/pkg/sbin/pkg_chk
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 466504 Dec  9 17:45 /usr/pkg/sbin/pkg_create
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 209720 Dec  9 17:45 /usr/pkg/sbin/pkg_delete
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 638656 Dec  9 17:45 /usr/pkg/sbin/pkg_info
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  19363 Nov  3 19:57 /usr/pkg/sbin/pkg_rolling-replace

All these binaries are owned by root and group wheel (NetBSD) or root
(Linux). None of them are setuid.

I wonder why they are all in section 1 of the manual pages and not in
section 8, where one would expect them to be.

Thanks



-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Re: About using NetBSD as a guest, why, how etc.

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Tue, 10 Dec 2019 at 09:17, Ottavio Caruso
 wrote:
>
> On Tue, 10 Dec 2019 at 07:24, Mayuresh  wrote:
> >
> > Considering this because I got a new hardware on which a few things don't
> > work on NetBSD (1. wifi: can live with using mobile with tethering; 2.
> > touchpad: I anyway prefer normal mouse and use that also very less, so ok;
> > 3. hdmi: that's a deal breaker as I need laptop to connect to hdmi for my
> > normal usage).
> >
> > To solve all these, could I make NetBSD a guest and what are some good
> > options? Is it Linux+VirtualBox, any specific Linux flavor would be good
> > to act merely as host by and large retaining NetBSD feel of the system?
> >
> > Mayuresh
>
> I run a minimal NetBSD installation as a qemu/KVM guest (host is LMDE
> 3 Cindy). I've enabled the serial console in /boot.cfg and I access
> the guest in xterm without the need of ssh. I haven't tested X yet.
>
> This is my command line:
>
> $ qemu-system-x86_64 -drive
> file=/home/oc/VM/img/netbsd.image,index=0,media=disk  -m 400M -cpu
> host -enable-kvm -smp $(nproc) -net user,hostfwd=tcp::-:22 -net
> nic -nographic
>
> Then I switch between stdio and monitor using CTRL-A C.
>
> If I want to ssh in, I just:
>
> $ ssh 127.0.0.1 -p 

I just forgot to add: sata disk emulation doesn't work well with a
NetBSD 8.1 guest, but should work on -current (haven't tried yet),
see:
http://gnats.netbsd.org/54389

-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Re: About using NetBSD as a guest, why, how etc.

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Tue, 10 Dec 2019 at 07:24, Mayuresh  wrote:
>
> Considering this because I got a new hardware on which a few things don't
> work on NetBSD (1. wifi: can live with using mobile with tethering; 2.
> touchpad: I anyway prefer normal mouse and use that also very less, so ok;
> 3. hdmi: that's a deal breaker as I need laptop to connect to hdmi for my
> normal usage).
>
> To solve all these, could I make NetBSD a guest and what are some good
> options? Is it Linux+VirtualBox, any specific Linux flavor would be good
> to act merely as host by and large retaining NetBSD feel of the system?
>
> Mayuresh

I run a minimal NetBSD installation as a qemu/KVM guest (host is LMDE
3 Cindy). I've enabled the serial console in /boot.cfg and I access
the guest in xterm without the need of ssh. I haven't tested X yet.

This is my command line:

$ qemu-system-x86_64 -drive
file=/home/oc/VM/img/netbsd.image,index=0,media=disk  -m 400M -cpu
host -enable-kvm -smp $(nproc) -net user,hostfwd=tcp::-:22 -net
nic -nographic

Then I switch between stdio and monitor using CTRL-A C.

If I want to ssh in, I just:

$ ssh 127.0.0.1 -p 



-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Re: 9.0_RC1 & HEAD

[Ottavio Caruso]

On Thu, 5 Dec 2019 at 08:04, Clay Daniels  wrote:

>
> What is the difference between the boot.iso file and the boot-com.iso
> file?
>

http://cdn.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-9.0_RC1/amd64/INSTALL.html#Quick%20install%20notes%20for%20the%20impatient

"These images are bootable, but do not contain binary sets. They are
intended for network installs or system repair. boot.iso is for VGA
console installation, and boot-com.iso is for installation over serial
console (com0, 9600 baud)."


-- 
Ottavio Caruso

[XPOST]: Does NetBSD support tp_smapi or similar?

[Ottavio Caruso]

Originally posted on teck-kern. I hope somebody will pick it up here.

-- Forwarded message --
From: Ottavio Caruso
To: tech-k...@netbsd.org


References:
http://www.thinkwiki.org/wiki/Tp_smapi
and:
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Tp_smapi

I have a Thinkpad Edge 130 and I wonder if NetBSD has a built in
functionality to manipulate battery charging for Thinkpads or any
other laptops.

If this is the wrong mailing list, please point to the most relevant one.

Thanks

--
Ottavio Caruso

Re: Can I install NetBSD on the same usb installation disk?

[Ottavio Caruso]

 -   
> 1449)
> partition>a <- Work on 'a'
> Filesystem type [4.2BSD]:
> Start offset ('x' to start after partition 'x') [1c, 2048s, 1M]:
> Partition size ('$' for all remaining) [1449c, 2967552s, 1449M]: $
> < extend 'a' to the max
>  a:  15726592  2048 4.2BSD   1024  819216  # (Cyl.  1 -   
> 7679)
> partition>P<--- see below the augmented sizes
> 8 partitions:
> #sizeoffset fstype [fsize bsize cpg/sgs]
>  a:  15726592  2048 4.2BSD   1024  819216  # (Cyl.  1 -   
> 7679)
>  c:  15726592  2048 unused  0 0# (Cyl.  1 -   
> 7679)
>  d:   2969600 0 unused  0 0# (Cyl.  0 -   
> 1449)
> partition>W<- write it down
> Label disk [n]?y
> Label written
> partition>Q<- get out
>
> ~sysbuild/release/images # fsck -fy /dev/rsd0a <- just in case
> ** /dev/rsd0a
> ** File system is already clean
> ** Last Mounted on /mnt/a
> ** Phase 1 - Check Blocks and Sizes
> ** Phase 2 - Check Pathnames
> ** Phase 3 - Check Connectivity
> ** Phase 4 - Check Reference Counts
> ** Phase 5 - Check Cyl groups
> 11270 files, 345422 used, 384553 free (1 frags, 48069 blocks, 0.0%
> fragmentation)
> ~sysbuild/release/images # resize_ffs -y /dev/rsd0a<- really extend 
> 'a'
> ~sysbuild/release/images # fsck -fy /dev/rsd0a <- that is needed
> ** /dev/rsd0a
> ** File system is already clean
> ** Last Mounted on /mnt/a
> ** Phase 1 - Check Blocks and Sizes
> ** Phase 2 - Check Pathnames
> ** Phase 3 - Check Connectivity
> ** Phase 4 - Check Reference Counts
> ** Phase 5 - Check Cyl groups
> 11270 files, 345422 used, 3523721 free (1 frags, 440465 blocks, 0.0%
> fragmentation)
> ~sysbuild/release/images # mount /dev/sd0a /mnt/a    test the
> new partition size
> ~sysbuild/release/images df -k /mnt/a
> Filesystem1K-blocks   Used  Avail %Cap Mounted on
> /dev/sd0a   7738286 6908446660528   9% /mnt/a<
> looks good
>
> Boot from this stick was also tested OK.
>
> Obviously you can use the same technique to extend your 'a' slice and
> extend and|or relocate your 'b'
> swap slice on a live stick/disk. Also if you wanted, instead of
> increasing the NetBSD primary
> partition with fdisk at the beginning, you could create an MS-DOS
> partition, format it FAT32 and use
> it for other stuff.
>
> This was lifted some times ago from the NetBSD Raspberry PI wiki.
>
> Chavdar Ivanov
>

Thanks Chavdar!

A lot of food for thought!


-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Re: Can I install NetBSD on the same usb installation disk?

[Ottavio Caruso]

 On Fri 24 Nov 2017 at 07:47:49 -0700, Andy Ruhl wrote:
>> This is probably off topic, but I'll try anyway. I want to create a
>> USB install "disk", and then use another blank USB disk to install
>> onto.
>>
>> Does this work? I haven't tried yet. This would be nice to test things
>> out so I don't disrupt the internal disks.

This is what I did when I installed NetBSD back in 2013. I did a fresh
installation onto a second usb stick and I tested it for a month or
so.
Painfully slow! Then I created a second partition on my main hard
drive and copied the files onto it.

But.. going back to topic:

On 24 November 2017 at 12:52, Chavdar Ivanov <ci4...@gmail.com> wrote:

>
> Boot the stick single user, use fdisk to adjust the first partition to the
> end, use disklabel to extend the label to the en of the disk (A), then
> readjust the existing partitions (I move the b-partition to the end,
> adjusting a from the almost start to some space before the end for swap,
> then after writing the label use 'fsck -fy /dev/rsd0a' or wherever it is,
> then 'resize_ffs -y /dev/rsd0a', then again ; fsck -fy /dev/rsd0a'.

Chavdar,

if you don't mind, could you give me a breakdown of these commands? I
haven't used NetBSD fdisk in a while.

-- 
Ottavio Caruso

Can I install NetBSD on the same usb installation disk?

[Ottavio Caruso]

Hi all,

I have a 16GB usb stick on which I will install the usb installation
image. This way I would waste 15GB of free space. Can I reclaim the
free space at all? If so, can I install NetBSD on the free space?

I believe one could partition the drive during instalation but I have
no clue how.

Any help appreciated.

--
Ottavio Caruso

Re: (tutorial) How to use PulseAudio on NetBSD

[Ottavio Caruso]

On 18 November 2015 at 16:04, Adrien Fernandes
 wrote:

> First of all, you need hal and dbus to be started.

Hal is no longer needed for pulseaudio

> # /etc/rc.d/hal onestart

as above


> Once this is done, let's set up PulseAudio.

>
> Now, the last part of this tutorial is to set up
> /usr/pkg/etc/pulse/default.pa
>
> In this file, find this line :
>
> #load-module module-oss device="/dev/dsp" sink_name=output source_name=input
>
> uncomment it (delete the "#" in front of the line) and change "/dev/dsp"
> into "/dev/audioX" (X is the number of the device, in my case, it is
> /dev/audio0)
>
> Then, lower in the same file, find this line :
>
> load-module module-detect
>
> And comment it (add a "#" in front of the line)

What's the use of that? I have not touched
/usr/pkg/etc/pulse/default.pa, yet I have pulseaudio working.


-- 
Ottavio

Re: xdm prevents me from shutting the system down clean

[Ottavio Caruso]

On 7 November 2015 at 22:21, Nick Hudson <sk...@netbsd.org> wrote:
> On 11/04/15 14:53, Ottavio Caruso wrote:
>>
>> On 4 November 2015 at 10:55, Paul Goyette <p...@vps1.whooppee.com> wrote:
>>>
>>> I used to get this, too.  But the problem seems to have disappeared,
>>> at least on recent (last 30 days or so) -current kernels (within the
>>> last 30 days or so).
>>>
>>> I don't know of any specific commit that would have fixed this, but
>>> if someone can narrow it down it would be nice to get it pulled up
>>> to netbsd-7 branch before we ship 7.1  :)
>>>
>>>
>> What's the timeline for 7.1?
>
> You might like to try
>
> http://nyftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD-daily/netbsd-7/201511070620Z/amd64/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC.gz
>
> which has the fixes I *think* might fix things.
>
> Nick

And indeed it fixed the issue I had. Thanks.


-- 
Ottavio