RELEASED Python 2.4.1, release candidate 2
On behalf of the Python development team and the Python community, I'm happy to announce the release of Python 2.4.1 (release candidate 2). Python 2.4.1 is a bug-fix release. See the release notes at the website (also available as Misc/NEWS in the source distribution) for details of the bugs squished in this release. Assuming no major problems crop up, a final release of Python 2.4.1 will be out around the 29th of March - straight after PyCon. For more information on Python 2.4.1, including download links for various platforms, release notes, and known issues, please see: http://www.python.org/2.4.1 Highlights of this new release include: - Bug fixes. According to the release notes, several dozen bugs have been fixed, including a fix for the SimpleXMLRPCServer security issue (PSF-2005-001). - A handful other bugs discovered in the first release candidate have been fixed in this version. Highlights of the previous major Python release (2.4) are available from the Python 2.4 page, at http://www.python.org/2.4/highlights.html Enjoy the new release, Anthony Anthony Baxter [EMAIL PROTECTED] Python Release Manager (on behalf of the entire python-dev team) pgpyk6YVXzW2y.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-announce-list Support the Python Software Foundation: http://www.python.org/psf/donations.html
[ANNOUNCE] Twenty-third release of PythonCAD now available
I'm pleased to announce the twenty-third development release of PythonCAD, a CAD package for open-source software users. As the name implies, PythonCAD is written entirely in Python. The goal of this project is to create a fully scriptable drafting program that will match and eventually exceed features found in commercial CAD software. PythonCAD is released under the GNU Public License (GPL). PythonCAD requires Python 2.2 or newer. The interface is GTK 2.0 based, and uses the PyGTK module for interfacing to GTK. The design of PythonCAD is built around the idea of separating the interface from the back end as much as possible. By doing this, it is hoped that both GNOME and KDE interfaces can be added to PythonCAD through usage of the appropriate Python module. Addition of other PythonCAD interfaces will depend on the availability of a Python module for that particular interface and developer interest and action. The twenty-third release contains a several bug fixes, the largest of which is the correct restoration of dimension string text properties when the deletion of a dimension is undone. Another fix included in this release is the removal of some deprecated constants flagged by the 2.6 PyGTK release when they are encountered. This release also features the beginnings of the scripting enhancements planned for PythonCAD. The evaluation of user-entered expressions is now more powerful by utilizing Python's exec keyword and invoking the eval() command with an argument storing variables to be utilized during expression evaluation. More enhancements and improvements in expression evaluation and overall scriptability will appear in future releases. A mailing list for the development and use of PythonCAD is available. Visit the following page for information about subscribing and viewing the mailing list archive: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/pythoncad Visit the PythonCAD web site for more information about what PythonCAD does and aims to be: http://www.pythoncad.org/ Come and join me in developing PythonCAD into a world class drafting program! Art Haas -- Man once surrendering his reason, has no remaining guard against absurdities the most monstrous, and like a ship without rudder, is the sport of every wind. -Thomas Jefferson to James Smith, 1822 -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-announce-list Support the Python Software Foundation: http://www.python.org/psf/donations.html
ctypes 0.9.6 released
ctypes 0.9.6 released - Mar 18, 2005 Overview ctypes is an advanced ffi (Foreign Function Interface) package for Python 2.3 and higher. ctypes allows to call functions exposed from dlls/shared libraries and has extensive facilities to create, access and manipulate simple and complicated C data types in Python - in other words: wrap libraries in pure Python. It is even possible to implement C callback functions in pure Python. ctypes now includes a code generator toolchain which allows automatic creation of library wrappers from C header files. This feature is still experimental and beta quality. ctypes runs on Windows, MacOS X, Linux, Solaris, FreeBSD, OpenBSD. It may also run on other systems, provided that libffi supports this platform. For windows, ctypes contains a ctypes.com package which allows to call and implement custom COM interfaces. Important If you download the source distribution, please choose the ZIP file for Windows, and the .tar.gz file for other machines. These archive have different contents! There have been lots of changes - if you are the author or user of a package that uses ctypes, please test it with this release and report problems on the ctypes-users mailing list. Changes in 0.9.6 Thanks to all of you who reported bugs so quickly, and those who tried out the codegenerator toolchain. Bug fixes: - keyword arguments in Structure/Union initializers had no effect. - it was impossible to override the from_parm class method in subclasses of c_void_p, c_char_p, and c_wchar_p. - removed the __del__ method of _CDLL. It caused uncollectable garbage in Python's gc. - ctypes.com.register: enclose the Python script to run a com server in quotes, otherwise it won't run correctly when the directory name contains spaces. Enhancements: - Several changes have been made to the h2xml script from the codegenerator toolchain. See the documentation (linked below) for details. --- Additions in 0.9.5 New package ctypes.wrap. This contains decorators usable for easier creation of wrapper functions. This package also contains a toolchain for (semi)automatic creation of wrappers for external libraries - it can parse C header files and generate ctypes code for the declarations in them. It can even handle preprocessor definitions! For details, see http://starship.python.net/crew/theller/ctypes/codegen.html Changes in 0.9.5 On systems where sizeof(int) == sizeof(long), c_int/c_long and c_uint/c_ulong are now aliases. Similar for c_long/c_longlong and c_ulong/c_ulonglong. This prevents unneeded type errors. If an exception occurs in a callback function, a full traceback is now printed. Raising SystemExit in a callback function now correctly exists Python. HRESULT is now a proper ctype - no longer a function. This allows to use it in the argtypes sequence for function prototypes. An easier way to define structures and unions that reference themselves, or have dependencies to other data types. The _fields_ attribute can now be set *after* the Structure/Union class has been created. This makes the SetPointerType function obsolete. The semantics of the _fields_ attribute in sub-subclasses of Structure and Union has been fixed. The baseclasses _fields_ list is extended, not replaced, in subclasses. Assigning _fields_ when it is no longer possible raises an error now. Structures and unions now work as restype and in the argtypes list for functions. An important bug has been fixed with pointers. Detailed changelogs are in CVS: http://cvs.sourceforge.net/viewcvs.py/ctypes/ctypes/ChangeLog?rev=HEAD http://cvs.sourceforge.net/viewcvs.py/ctypes/ctypes/win32/com/ChangeLog?rev=HEAD Download Downloads are available in the sourceforge files section http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=71702 Separate source distributions are available for windows and non-windows systems. Please use the .zip file for Windows (it contains the ctypes.com framework), and use the .tar.gz file for non-Windows systems (it contains the complete cross-platform libffi sources). Binary windows installers, which contain compiled extension modules, are also available, be sure to download the correct one for the Python version you are using. Homepage http://starship.python.net/crew/theller/ctypes/ Enjoy, Thomas -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-announce-list Support the Python Software Foundation: http://www.python.org/psf/donations.html
Re: Why tuple with one item is no tuple
Antoon Pardon wrote: for instance I have written once somekind of vector class where it was natural for these vectors to be added as well as te be concatenated. Unfortunately python uses + for both so I had no way to have both operators in a natural way in python. Yes this is a quite common problem if one wants to have both an addition- and a concatenation operator. I created once a Hex class representing both a bytecode and a number and i resolved the need for a concatenation by overloading __floordiv__. Both a __div__ and a __floordiv__ are not needed for most of the types that are not ints. a,b = Hex(0x78),Hex(00) a+b 0x78 a//b 0x7800 I would have prefered overloading a common concatenation operaor, say __cat__ which is mapped onto || but i think using + for concatenation comes from the convenience to concatenate strings in this manner in other languages and has spreaded into the domain of lists and tuples in Python. On the other hand i find Mathematicas list operators very appealing: In =: [1,2,3]^2 Out=: [1,4,9] Compared with this suggar the list comprehension [x**2 for x in [1,2,3]] is ugly. Regards Kay -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Interface support?
Michael == Michael Spencer [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Michael Steve wrote: Is it possible to design interfaces that classes must implement in Python? Michael PyProtocols: http://peak.telecommunity.com/PyProtocols.html, This (PyProtocols) seems to be the one with biggest momentum at the time being, so if you can't be bothered to perform an independent and balanced evaluation, go for PyProtocols :-). -- Ville Vainio http://tinyurl.com/2prnb -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Is Python like VB?
On Thu, 17 Mar 2005 22:02:48 -0800, Tim Roberts [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Why on earth would you choose to reimplement your software in a different language, rather than just do the simple version upgrade? A lot of developers and companies are pondering this issue. The end-of-lifing of Classic VB is a wake-up call for many, who take this opportunity to check whether it's a good idea to keep using proprietary tools which can be discontinued any time if the manufacturer figures he can get away with forcing his customers to upgrade. From there, it's like playing the stock exchange: Is it more risky and financially sound to follow Microsoft and switch from VB Classic to VB.Net, or to jump ship, and use open-source solutions? At this point, I would advise the OP, if possible, to just keep working on the Classic VB version of his application while developing small side-projects in VB.Net to master this new language/tool, and once 80% of hosts have the .Net framework, it'll be time to check which route seems more promising. Joe. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PyGoogle featured on Google Code
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Google has started a site Google Code http://code.google.com/ to showcase Open Source software, and the first featured project is PyGoogle, a Python module wrapper for the Google Web APIs. Also mentioned is goopy/functional, a library that brings functional language attributes to Python. I took a look at goopy and I found that much of the stuff in it could be done more efficiently with an itertools recipe. But then again, it also had sum() and maximum() functions so it must have been written for an older version of Python. Not sure how useful it is to someone with Python 2.3+. Although thanks anyway, Google! Although there is a flatten(); Raymond is still working on that. ;) -- Michael Hoffman -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: fastest postgresql module
my only issue with psycopg, is last time i looked they had no win32 port? Not completely true. Since long time ago there is a website with unofficial psycopg binaries: http://www.stickpeople.com/projects/python/psycopg/ Regards, Josef -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: (Tkinter) Adding delay to PopUpMsg
On 17 Mar 2005 23:40:20 -0800, Harlin Seritt [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I am working on making something called a PopMsg widget which is actually identical to a Balloon widget from Pmw. Here is the code: ---code--- from Tkinter import * import time class PopMsg: def showmsg(self, event): for a in range(1000): pass Very effective way to waste a lot of CPU time and to make your delay totally dependent on the CPU speed! Why don't you at least use time.sleep (that you use some lines below for no apparent reason BTW)? [snip code] My problem you'll notice is that I tried to put something of a 'delay' that will allow the popup to show a few seconds after the cursor has entered the targeted widget's space (in this case the button). That works ok but I've found that while waiting I can't activate (or 'click') on the button until the PopMsg has shown up. Is there anything I can do to solve this problem? Use Tkinter widgets' after method; the binding on Enter on the widget should do something like: self.widget.after(1000, self.showmsg) This tells the tk main loop to wait 1000 milliseconds, then run the method. Note that no event will be passed, so you should make the event parameter in showmsg optional. This is an active wait, so all other events will be treated. If for some reason, you want to cancel the action, you can remember the result of the after method, and then pass it to the after_cancel method on the same widget: x = self.widget.after(1000, self.showmsg) ... self.widget.after_cancel(x) HTH -- python -c 'print .join([chr(154 - ord(c)) for c in U(17zX(%,5.z^5(17l8(%,5.Z*(93-965$l7+-])' -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
xmlproc maintainer?
Hello all,
We recently (about a week ago) sent a patch to the maintainer of
xmlproc, but we didn't receive a reply yet. A look at the site reveals
that the last update was somewhere in 2000.
Does anybody know who the current maintainer is (if that changed), or
what the status of xmlproc is? We kind of depend on it...
The patch fixes a buffering problem if the XML contains utf-8 codes,
which gets especially problematic if one such character pair starts as
the last byte in the buffer... Patch attached, in case someone can use it.
Regards,
Alban Hertroys,
MAG Productions.
--- ../xmlproc-backup/xmlutils.py 2005-03-11 11:04:44.0 +0100
+++ xmlutils.py 2005-03-11 13:45:43.0 +0100
@@ -264,8 +264,8 @@
decoder could have run out of data. The latter case is very
hard to determine in Python 2.0
-if str(exc) in [UTF-8 decoding error: unexpected end of data,
-UTF-16 decoding error: truncated data]:
+s = str(exc)
+if s.find('unexpected end of data')!=-1 or s.find('truncated
data')!=-1:
while 1:
self.encoded_data = new_data[-1]+self.encoded_data
new_data = new_data[:-1]
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@
first_feed = 1
self.parseStart()
-new_data = new_data + self.encoded_data
+new_data = self.encoded_data + new_data
self.encoded_data =
if not decoded and not self.charset_converter:
@@ -720,6 +720,7 @@
# to the recoding.
try:
self.data = self.charset_converter(self.data)
+ self.datasize = len(self.data)
except UnicodeError, e:
self._handle_decoding_error(self.data, e)
self.input_encoding = enc1
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
please help on installation process
Hi I had downloaded python-2.4.msi and I have Windows Installer V2.00.2600.2 on my machine (my OS is Win 2K Professional). But every time I try to run python-2.4.msi I am getting the error message: "This installation package could not be opened..." I am a newsier in python, I would be grateful if you please advise me what to do. Regards Arindam Mitra WinCliff Technologies [EMAIL PROTECTED] Phone : +919831190761 (www.wincliff.com) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to handle repetitive regexp match checks
Matt Wette wrote:
I am having difficulty doing this cleanly in python. Can anyone help?
rx1 = re.compile(r'struct {')
rx2 = re.compile(r'typedef struct {')
rx3 = re.compile(r'something else')
m = rx1.match(line)
if m:
do something
else:
m = rx2.match(line)
if m:
do something
else:
m = rx3.match(line)
if m:
do something
else:
error
(In Scheme I was able to do this cleanly with macros.)
My preferred way to do this is something like this:
import re
RX = re.compile(r'''
(?Prx1 struct\s{ )|
(?Prx2 typedef\sstruct\s{ )|
(?Prx3 something\selse )
''', re.VERBOSE)
class Matcher:
def rx1(self, m):
print rx1 matched, m.group(0)
def rx2(self, m):
print rx2 matched, m.group(0)
def rx3(self, m):
print rx3 matched, m.group(0)
def processLine(self, line):
m = RX.match(line)
if m:
getattr(self, m.lastgroup)(m)
else:
print error,repr(line),did not match
matcher = Matcher()
matcher.processLine('struct { something')
matcher.processLine('typedef struct { something')
matcher.processLine('something else')
matcher.processLine('will not match')
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
help on installation
Hi I had downloaded python-2.4.msi and I have Windows Installer V2.00.2600.2 on my machine (my OS is Win 2K Professional). But every time I try to run python-2.4.msi I am getting the error message: "This installation package could not be opened..." I am a newsier in python, I would be grateful if you please advise me what to do. Regards Arindam Mitra WinCliff Technologies [EMAIL PROTECTED] Phone : +919831190761 (www.wincliff.com) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Proposal for adding Shallow Threads and a Main Loop to Python
Hi,
a few questions:
A shallow thread is just a generator modified in the most obvious way
possible. The yield statement is replaced with a waitfor expression.
You give it the object you wish to wait for. Then when it's ready
you get back a return value or an exception. These waitfor expressions
are the only points where your shallow thread may get suspended, so
it's always explicit. If you call another function it will be treated
exactly as a normal function call from a generator (this is why they're
'shallow'), so there's no issues with calling C functions.
On the other end of things, your shallow thread object would have
__resume__ and __resumeexc__ methods (or perhaps a single __resume__
method with a default raise_=False argument). They return a tuple of
(mode,value) where mode is a string of 'waitfor', 'exception', or
'return' and value corresponds to that. These methods will be used by
a main loop to resume the shallow thread, like next() is used with a
generator.
So basically a shallow thread could be written in today's python like this?
class ShallowThread(object):
def __init__(self, data=None):
self.data = data
def run(self, initial_data=None):
while True:
yield some_state
new_data = self.data
st = ShallowThread().run(some_initial_data)
while True:
result = st.next()
st.data = some_subsequent_data
Basically some_state is your above mentioned tuple, and waitfor is like
yield with a return value that I modeled with explicit state called data.
Is that correct so far?
import mainloop, urllib
def get_and_save(path):
infile = waitfor urllib.urlopen(path, async=True)
outfile = waitfor open(path.split('/')[-1], async=True)
waitfor outfile.write(waitfor infile.read(async=True), async=True)
infile.close()
outfile.close()
def main():
a = get_and_save(http://python.org/pics/PyBanner021.gif;)
b = get_and_save(http://python.org/pics/pythonHi.gif;)
c = get_and_save(http://python.org/pics/PythonPoweredSmall.gif;)
waitfor allDone(a, b, c)
if __name__ == __main__:
mainloop.runUntil(main())
Well there you have it. I've glossed over many details but they can be
cleared up later. What I need to know now is how everybody else thinks
about it. Is this something you would use? Does it seem like the
right way to do it? And of course the all important one, can I get it
in to python core? 0.5 wink
I've difficulties grasping where the actual work is done - the event
notifier thingies are sort of generators themselves, and the mainloop gets
them and calls some execute method on them?
And now the final $1000,.00 question - why all this? No offense intended
- it's a little bit more comfortable than the generators approach sketched
by others (e.g. David Mertz if I recall corretly) - but to my view, it
_could_ be done in today python because we have generators. Or not?
--
Regards,
Diez B. Roggisch
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Why tuple with one item is no tuple
Op 2005-03-17, Diez B. Roggisch schreef [EMAIL PROTECTED]: So python choose a non-deterministic direction. To me (2,3) + (4,5) equals (6,8). I don't dispute that having an operator to combine (2,3) and (4,5) in (2,3,4,5) is usefull, but they should never have used the + for that. It certainly did not choose a nondeterministic action - that would mean that it followed _both_ possibilities at the same time. Which clearly is not happening. And we didn't talk about (2,3) + (4,5) not being (6,8) - that's adding two tuples, not having (9) beeing a tuple instead of a simple nine. We talked about the confusion that could arrise if a number could be interpreted as a tuple because the '+' operator has a different kind of result depending on whether the operands are numbers or tuples. However if adding tuples would have been defined as above their would have been a confusion because the result would have been equivallent. 4 + 5 would have been 9 and (4,) + (5,) would have been (9,) And having chosen such a design wouldn't have made python any less dynamic. So saying that the problem is the result of python being dynamic as you once did is nonsense. Of course one could have overloaded tuples that way - component wise addition - but then people would want other kinds of vector algebraic stuff working on them. But they are not vectors, they are tuples. That could very well have been left to the users themselves. They only needed to have used a different character for concatenation instead of the +. And in general, that is an entirely new discussion about the overloading of operators for tuples, not the syntax of how to create them (which is legitimate, of course - but misleading for this thread.) You claimed it was pythons dynamic nature that makes it difficult to use items and one-item tuples as equivallent. I say it has little to do with tha dynamic nature but more with the design to use the same characters for sequence and number operations. If these operations would have been indicated by different characters no such problem would arrise with doing such unification. No my opinion is not wrong, you just don't understand what I'm saying. You alter the subject of discussion (see below), which caused that confusion. No it was not reasonable to introduce the semantics that made 2 * (1,2) equal (1,2,1,2) IMO they should have used a differend operator for that and not the *. Maybe - but thats an alltogether different discussion, as I said before. No it is not. It is part of a counter argument to your claim that python's dynamic nature is in the way. The point that made me kick into this discussion was: You really, really want (3 + 5) to be an integer, not a one-item tuple. I sometimes do wonder if some impliciteness wouldn't be better here, so that any item could be treated as if it was a one-item tuple. So you wanted (8) to be a tuple, or even more so 3 + 5 being (3,) + (5,). What has that to do with the operator overloading of tuples in general? It's a syntactic question we're discussing, _not_ a semantic one. I didn't say I want that. I was just wondering if unification between numbers and one number tuples wouldn't have been a good solution with the confusion people have about (1) not being a tuple. As I stated before, it could become a question of type semantics if python was statically typed, as then the context of a expression like (8) could determine which type has to be created - tuple of one item, or simple 8. But it's not doable in python. It has litte to do with statically typing. But when I explain that and show what will cause a problem with such unification in current python you say I'm altering the subject. For someone who expresses his disliking to type _one_ comma in the few cases of single element tuples in thousands of lines of code, it strikes me odd that you'd go an are willing to add extra trouble entering _each_ and _every_ tuple in your code by using some hitherto unknown character that won't be enterable easily Where did I express this dislike. I'm not denying it because I know I forget such things, but I sure don't remember now. I showed the quote above - you wanted to have (8) behave as (8,) - so I concluded you either don't like typing that extra comma, or alternatively want introduce a new pair of parentheses to express tuples. I was wondering about the merrits of (8) behaving as (8,) that is not the same as wanting it. May be you shouldn't read thing that are not there. -- Antoon Pardon -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Why tuple with one item is no tuple
Op 2005-03-16, Daniel Dittmar schreef [EMAIL PROTECTED]: Diez B. Roggisch wrote: I reread his example and have to admit I'm confused: He complains about having written his _own_ vector class - and concatenation and addition had to use both + ? I've interpreted it as: If Python had choosen different operators for addition and sequence concatenation, I could have implemented them both in my vector class. As it is, I have to implement one of them using a non-standard operator. The examples focus too much on numbers - if we use instead (foo) we would get a iterable yielding [foo,] or - as string already supports iteration - ['f', 'o', 'o']. Which one to chose? What I was hinting at (NOT proposing, I'd hate this) was that integers implement the [] operator. 5 [0] would then return 5, for all practical purposes, it would look like a tuple. String already implements []. Yes, that would lead to really surprising and inconsistent behaviour. I find this 'creative use of overloading' rather awful. But what the heck, I find list comprehension rather awful. Well, the number of operators built into the language is limited - and I actually prefer to have the possibility to overload these if I want to. Nobody forces me - I could use v1.concat(v2) for two vectors v1, v2 if I wanted to. My peeve is about having operators added to standard types. This increases the chances that using an object the wrong way leads to a bogus result, not a runtime error. A more common programming error I commit is passing a string where a list ist expected. And then I wonder why later operations work on one-character strings. The standard answer to this seems to be to use unittesting. -- Antoon Pardon -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
[Job] London based Python / Zope web developer positions
Blueorange Technologies is on of the UK's leading Python and Zope development firms. Our range of advanced web-applications are used throughout the NHS and licensed by some of the largest names in the Healthcare, Retail and Insurance industries. We are expanding our small, highly experienced team of Python developers. Based in Highgate, London you will be working on both product development and major bespoke software projects. Both career and contract opportunities are open for mid to senior level developers (£30k - £50k + depending on suitability and level of experience. Please contact Dr Jack Kreindler on [EMAIL PROTECTED] or visit www.blueorange.net for more information. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
html escape sequences
Hi, I'd like to replace html escape sequences, like nbsp and #39 with single characters. Is there a dictionary defined somewhere I can use to replace these sequences? Thanks, Will McGugan -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
HELP:UnboundLocalError: local variable '_nntp' referenced before assignment
Hi all, I am in the process of writing an app that will handle news feeds and therefore using the 'nntplib' When I issue the connect command all goes will but when I issue the 'quit()' command I get the following error message: Exception in Tkinter callback Traceback (most recent call last): File /usr/lib/python2.3/lib-tk/Tkinter.py, line 1345, in __call__ return self.func(*args) File ./pnews.py, line 26, in callconnect _nntp.quit() UnboundLocalError: local variable '_nntp' referenced before assignment The code below illustrates how I'm using the code. Can anyone help me out in getting this right. Pete def callconnect(): if b[text]==Connect: _nntp = nntplib.NNTP(_global.servername,int(_global.portnumber),_global.userid,_global.userpassword) if(_nntp): b[text]=Disconnect elif b[text]==Disconnect: _nntp.quit() -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: HELP:UnboundLocalError: local variable '_nntp' referenced before assignment
Peter Moscatt wrote: UnboundLocalError: local variable '_nntp' referenced before assignment This pretty much says what your problem is: you haven't a variable called _nntp def callconnect(): if b[text]==Connect: _nntp = nntplib.NNTP(_global.servername,int(_global.portnumber),_global.userid,_global.userpassword) if(_nntp): b[text]=Disconnect elif b[text]==Disconnect: _nntp.quit() And here we see why: In the Disconnect-case, where is that _nntp supposed to come from? I'm not sure what you want here, as you seem to rely on global variables very much, but to me the whole elif-block is bogus. You unecessarily communicate over b['text'] Do it like this: def callconnect(): if b[text]==Connect: _nntp = nntplib.NNTP(_global.servername,int(_global.portnumber),_global.userid,_global.userpassword) if(_nntp): _nntp.quit() -- Regards, Diez B. Roggisch -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: RotatingFileHandler and logging config file
Rob Cranfill wrote: news.sydney.pipenetworks.com wrote: You're looking in the wrong place. Try http://docs.python.org/lib/node333.html which isn't quite the page in question, but leads to the closest pertinent page, http://docs.python.org/lib/logging-config-fileformat.html which *still* has nothing on RotatingFileHandler. Yeah...sorry about that. I misunderstood what node333.html was used for. Looks like your best bet may be to extend the RotatingFileHandler directly in the handlers module and call doRollover() in __init__. Huy -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: html escape sequences
Will McGugan wrote: I'd like to replace html escape sequences, like nbsp and #39 with single characters. Is there a dictionary defined somewhere I can use to replace these sequences? How about this? import re from htmlentitydefs import name2codepoint _entity_re = re.compile(r'(?:(#)(\d+)|([^;]+));') def _repl_func(match): if match.group(1): # Numeric character reference return unichr(int(match.group(2))) else: return unichr(name2codepoint[match.group(3)]) def handle_html_entities(string): return _entity_re.sub(_repl_func, string) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: please help on installation process
On Fri, 18 Mar 2005 15:05:07 +0530, Arindam [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I had downloaded python-2.4.msi and I have Windows Installer V2.00.2600.2 on my machine (my OS is Win 2K Professional). But every time I try to run python-2.4.msi I am getting the error message: This installation package could not be opened... I am a newsier in python, I would be grateful if you please advise me what to do. Chances are it's an incomplete download. My python-2.4.msi is 10.3 MB (10,887,168 bytes) - how big is yours? If it's smaller, try downloading it again. -- Cheers, Simon B, [EMAIL PROTECTED], http://www.brunningonline.net/simon/blog/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
GIL release
Hi, Does anyone know whether there is a way for a python thread to release the global interpreter lock, and let all other threads have a chance at running before re-acquiring it? Does the thread scheduling follow a round-robin method? Thanks, agb. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: html escape sequences
Leif K-Brooks wrote: Will McGugan wrote: I'd like to replace html escape sequences, like nbsp and #39 with single characters. Is there a dictionary defined somewhere I can use to replace these sequences? How about this? import re from htmlentitydefs import name2codepoint _entity_re = re.compile(r'(?:(#)(\d+)|([^;]+));') def _repl_func(match): if match.group(1): # Numeric character reference return unichr(int(match.group(2))) else: return unichr(name2codepoint[match.group(3)]) def handle_html_entities(string): return _entity_re.sub(_repl_func, string) muchas gracias! Will McGugan -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Why tuple with one item is no tuple
Antoon Pardon wrote: My peeve is about having operators added to standard types. This increases the chances that using an object the wrong way leads to a bogus result, not a runtime error. A more common programming error I commit is passing a string where a list ist expected. And then I wonder why later operations work on one-character strings. The standard answer to this seems to be to use unittesting. I do detect that there is a problem. It just takes longer to find the source of bogus data than to look at a stack trace. Daniel -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
RE: COM connection point
Just use obj = win32com.client.Dispatch(obj) Stefan -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Behalf Of Oy Politics Sent: Wednesday, March 16, 2005 11:51 PM To: python-list@python.org Subject: COM connection point Hello: I am building a COM client, with the ability to be called back by events. The events can arrive independently from the server. The client method is called at the right time, so that is working. However, one parameter is itself a COM object, and I am having trouble with accessing the properties of the parameter object. Here is the output of what I have currently. -- Python execute -- event! PyIDispatch at 0x7fb134 with obj at 0x403404 event! PyIDispatch at 0x7fbbf4 with obj at 0x403404 event! PyIDispatch at 0x7a6d24 with obj at 0x403404 etc. Obj is supposed to be my intended parameter. However, when I try to access its property, I get the following: -- Python execute -- pythoncom error: Python error invoking COM method. Traceback (most recent call last): File C:\PYTHON23\Lib\site-packages\win32com\server\policy.py, line 283, in _Invoke_ return self._invoke_(dispid, lcid, wFlags, args) File C:\PYTHON23\Lib\site-packages\win32com\server\policy.py, line 288, in _invoke_ return S_OK, -1, self._invokeex_(dispid, lcid, wFlags, args, None, None) File C:\PYTHON23\Lib\site-packages\win32com\server\policy.py, line 581, in _invokeex_ return func(*args) File E:\otsl\testprojects_folder\pythoncom\pyclihh2.py, line 26, in OnMyEvent print event!, obj, obj.AProp exceptions.AttributeError: 'PyIDispatch' object has no attribute 'AProp' QueryInterface with the target IID gives the following: exceptions.TypeError: There is no interface object registered that supports this IID CastTo gives this error: exceptions.ValueError: This object can not be cast Thanks a lot, -OY -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
type.__new__
Hi there, I'm new to this list and currently tracing down a problem... Could anybody give me a hint, where I can find the implementation of type.__new__. This should be somewhere in the 'c' sources - right? I just want to read the code to see what this call really does. Thanx for your time and help Dirk Brenckmann -- DSL Komplett von GMX +++ Supergünstig und stressfrei einsteigen! AKTION Kein Einrichtungspreis nutzen: http://www.gmx.net/de/go/dsl -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: raise takes a long time
Robin Becker wrote: I'm trying to get a handle on a real world problem related to raising an exception. This is in the reportlab SimpleDoctemplate class. The following code takes a very long time (60 seconds) in Python 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, but not in 2.1 (at least on windows). raise LayoutError(Flowable %s too large on page %d % (f.identity(30), self.page)) However, the supposedly functionally identical code ident = f.identity(30) raise LayoutError(Flowable %s too large on page %d % (ident, self.page)) does not take a long time ( 1 second). The exception LayoutError is trivial class LayoutError(Exception): pass . It seems this problem is caused by the above code being used in a cgitb.enabled() environment (in a cgi script). That also explains why it wasn't happening in 2.1 as we don't use cgitb in that case. Moving f out of the cgitb evaluated variables lines allows things to work quickly. Yet another cgitb problem. -- Robin Becker -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: xmlproc maintainer?
Alban Hertroys wrote: We recently (about a week ago) sent a patch to the maintainer of xmlproc, but we didn't receive a reply yet. A look at the site reveals that the last update was somewhere in 2000. Does anybody know who the current maintainer is (if that changed), or what the status of xmlproc is? We kind of depend on it... The patch fixes a buffering problem if the XML contains utf-8 codes, which gets especially problematic if one such character pair starts as the last byte in the buffer... Patch attached, in case someone can use it. This should no longer be an issue with Python 2.4, because the stateful UTF-8 and UTF-16 decoder have been fixed to support incomplete input. Unfortunately xmlproc doesn't seem to use the stateful decoder but the stateless decoder (and even handcrafted decoders when the codecs module doesn exist). Adding support for this might be a little tricky, because the parser must determine which encoding to use before instantiating the decoder. Bye, Walter Dörwald -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Monadic Parser Combinators in Python
Python: Now More Like Haskell Than Ever Before! I've implemented a small monadic parser combinator library in Python (based on Haskell code in a paper by Graham Hutton and Eric Meijer). http://codepoetics.com/poetix/index.php?p=94 It enables you to write things like this: token = isalpha |seq| many(isdigit) tokens = token |sepBy| whitespace runParser(p123 q456 hello world, tokens) ['p123', 'q456'] It is probably entirely unsuited for any serious purpose, but might qualify as an interesting hack... Dominic -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
boa can't connect to zope
Hi, I want to debug python applications on a remote pc with Boa Constructor. To do this, I have to install Zope and install the remote module from boa to the roodfolder from the management interface (http://localhost:8080/manage). I've done this, set the username and password en clicked start. the management interface says now The debug server is active but when I want to connect to the server with boa constructor I get an error (connection refused) and when I do a portscan on the server, the port 26200 is not open. I'm running win2003 server with python 2.3 and zope 2.7.4. Can you tell me how to open the port on win2003 or tell me what else I'm doing wrong? -- This message has been scanned for viruses and dangerous content by Network Sentry, and is believed to be clean. http://www.networksentry.co.za -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: code for Computer Language Shootout
import sys
import string
def show(seq, table=string.maketrans('ACBDGHK\nMNSRUTWVYacbdghkmnsrutwvy',
'TGVHCDM\nKNSYAAWBRTGVHCDMKNSYAAWBR')):
seq = seq.translate(table)[::-1]
for i in range(0, len(seq), 60):
print seq[i:i+60]
couldn't you change the above for loop to:
print wraptext.fill(seq, 60)
bryan
def main():
seq = []
for line in sys.stdin:
if line[0] in ';':
show(''.join(seq))
print line,
del seq[:]
else:
seq.append(line[:-1])
show(''.join(seq))
main()
--
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Re: newbie:unique problem
Heiko Wundram said unto the world upon 2005-03-18 01:27: On Thursday 17 March 2005 23:31, Brian van den Broek wrote: Am I not right in thinking that with the dict approach there is no guarantee that the order from the original list will be preserved? Yup, absolutely right that the original ordering will not be preserved. But, I wonder whether this actually matters, when the op is actually using these strings as a sort of set (to check whether someone belongs to some group, if I understand him correctly). Thanks for confirming that, Heiko. (My understanding of programming and Python is still shaky in quite a few places :-) Also, Heiko, I wonder what is the reason for reversed(oldlist)? Since the list isn't being mutated, there isn't any danger in forward iteration over it. (Plus, unless I'm mistaken, its the only thing making yours a 2.4-only solution.) The reason for walking the list backwards is easily demonstrated by the following two runs: SNIP two functions, one with and one without the use of reversed uniqueItems([AAA BC,BBB KK,CCC TD,AAA KP,CCC TD]) ['AAA BC', 'BBB KK', 'CCC TD'] uniqueItemsWithoutRev([AAA BC,BBB KK,CCC TD,AAA KP,CCC TD]) ['AAA KP', 'BBB KK', 'CCC TD'] When you walk the list forwards, the item that gets returned for the corresponding key is the item that is last found (as I don't check whether the item is already in the dict in the loop, but always just set), when you walk the list backwards, the item that is last found backwards (thus farthest in front) is returned. In case this doesn't matter (well, I guess it actually doesn't, as the OP only needs the first n chars, that's the reason for this function), you can easily leave out the reversed() and remove the constraint on Python 2.4. If you must have it in this order, and still use Python 2.4, you'd need to use something like oldlist[::-1], which will copy the list. reversed(list) does an optimization. This seems a bit funny to me. My version took a speed hit as I was concerned to preserve order, whereas yours uses reversed because you cared about how the canonical representative were selected. But neither of our concerns were really in the OP's problem spec. :-) Since I didn't share your concern about the selection of canonical representatives, the reversed puzzled me. Thanks for posting your rationale for its use. Best, Brian vdB -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to handle repetitive regexp match checks
GiddyJP wrote:
# do this once
import Trespass
pattern = Trespass.Pattern()
pattern.addRegExp(r'struct {', 1)
pattern.addRegExp(r'typedef struct {', 2)
pattern.addRegExp(r'something else', 3)
Minor correction... in this module { always needs to be escaped if not
indicating a bounded repeat:
pattern.addRegExp(r'struct \{', 1)
pattern.addRegExp(r'typedef struct \{', 2)
pattern.addRegExp(r'something else', 3)
--
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adding a path module to stdlib
This may have been discussed ad nauseaum before, but every time I use os.path manipulations I miss something like Jason Orrendorf's path.py being in the standard library. [http://www.jorendorff.com/articles/python/path/] Ruby has it: require 'pathname' path = Pathname.new(/tmp/f.log) What are we missing to make something similarly useful happen for python? AK -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: GIL release
Alastair Basden wrote: Hi, Does anyone know whether there is a way for a python thread to release the global interpreter lock, and let all other threads have a chance at running before re-acquiring it? Does the thread scheduling follow a round-robin method? The thread itself are scheduled by the OS ... the access to the GIL is managed by 'cooperative scheduling'. --Armin Thanks, agb. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
wxPython and loading multiple panels (code included)
Hi, i need to develop a gui which will load several windows depending on what the users selects in the menu and i thought i could accomplish this with panels. What i'm trying to do to test this is load an initial panel and then when the user hits a button load a second panel. This doesn't seem to work. 1. what's the appropriate way of switching panels? 2. the loadNewPanel function seem wrong. I always get loading panel two. Thanks, Benedict multi.py === import wx from multi_panel import * active_frame = 1 class MyFrame(wx.Frame): def __init__(self, *args, **kwds): kwds[style] = wx.DEFAULT_FRAME_STYLE wx.Frame.__init__(self, *args, **kwds) self.panel = PanelOne(self) self.__set_properties() self.__do_layout() def __set_properties(self): self.SetTitle(frame_1) def __do_layout(self): self.sizer_1 = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL) self.sizer_1.Add(self.panel, 1, wx.EXPAND, 0) self.SetAutoLayout(True) self.SetSizer(self.sizer_1) self.sizer_1.Fit(self) self.sizer_1.SetSizeHints(self) self.Layout() def loadNewPanel(self,invoker): if isinstance(invoker,PanelOne): print loading panel two self.panel = PanelTwo(self) else: print loading panel one self.panel = PanelOne(self) self.sizer_1.Fit(self) self.sizer_1.SetSizeHints(self) class MyApp(wx.App): def OnInit(self): wx.InitAllImageHandlers() frame = MyFrame(None, -1, This is a wx.Frame,pos=(0,0),size=(640,480),style = wx.DEFAULT_FRAME_STYLE) self.SetTopWindow(frame) frame.Show() return 1 if __name__ == __main__: app = MyApp(0) app.MainLoop() multi.py === and panels.py === import wx class PanelOne(wx.Panel): def __init__(self,parent): wx.Panel.__init__(self, parent, -1) self.parent = parent self.label = wx.StaticText(self, -1, panel one) self.switch_panel = wx.Button(self, -1, Switch to panel two, (50,50)) self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.__OnButton, self.switch_panel) self.__do_layout() def __do_layout(self): self.grid_sizer = wx.GridSizer(5, 5, 4, 4) self.grid_sizer.Add(self.label, 0, wx.FIXED_MINSIZE, 0) self.grid_sizer.Add(self.switch_panel, 0, wx.FIXED_MINSIZE, 0) self.SetAutoLayout(True) self.SetSizer(self.grid_sizer) self.grid_sizer.Fit(self) self.grid_sizer.SetSizeHints(self) def __OnButton(self,event): print OnButton self.parent.loadNewPanel(self) class PanelTwo(wx.Panel): def __init__(self,parent): wx.Panel.__init__(self, parent, -1) self.label = wx.StaticText(self, -1, panel two) self.switch_panel = wx.Button(self, -1, Switch to panel one, (50,50)) self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.__OnButton, self.switch_panel) self.__do_layout() def __do_layout(self): self.grid_sizer = wx.GridSizer(5, 5, 4, 4) self.grid_sizer.Add(self.label, 0, wx.FIXED_MINSIZE, 0) self.grid_sizer.Add(self.switch_panel, 0, wx.FIXED_MINSIZE, 0) self.SetAutoLayout(True) self.SetSizer(self.grid_sizer) self.grid_sizer.Fit(self) self.grid_sizer.SetSizeHints(self) def __OnButton(self,event): print OnButton self.parent.loadNewPanel(self) panels.py === -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Why tuple with one item is no tuple
Op 2005-03-18, Daniel Dittmar schreef [EMAIL PROTECTED]: Antoon Pardon wrote: My peeve is about having operators added to standard types. This increases the chances that using an object the wrong way leads to a bogus result, not a runtime error. A more common programming error I commit is passing a string where a list ist expected. And then I wonder why later operations work on one-character strings. The standard answer to this seems to be to use unittesting. I do detect that there is a problem. It just takes longer to find the source of bogus data than to look at a stack trace. Sure. But some language features would make finding the source of some problems even faster. But when those arguments are made the response is: use unittesting. -- Antoon Pardon -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python becoming less Lisp-like
Op 2005-03-16, Jeff Shannon schreef [EMAIL PROTECTED]: Bruno Desthuilliers wrote: A few examples: [...] - to get the length of a sequence, you use len(seq) instead of seq.len() - to call objects attributes by name, you use [get|set]attr(obj, name [,value]) instead of obj.[get|set]attr(name [,value]) These are both very consistent applications of a more functional style of programming, rather than the pure object-oriented style you seem to desire. It's not that Python is inconsistent; it's that Python is consistently blending multiple paradigms in a way that uses the best features of each and (mostly) avoids the worst pitfalls of each. - if x is a class attribute of class A and a is an instance of A, a.x=anyvalue create a new instance attribute x instead of modifying A.x This is very consistent with the way that binding a name in any scope will shadow any bindings of that name in higher scopes. It is the same principle by which one is able to use the same name for a function-local variable that is used for a global variable, without destroying that global variable. Doing as you suggest would be far *less* consistent, and would create a special case for class/instance lookups where there is none now. Not entirely. The equivallent is imposible in function scope. If function scope would work exactly equivallent as the above the following should work a = 42 def f(): a = a + 1 print a print a And the result should be: 43 42 -- Antoon Pardon -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
syntax incorrect with regex
Hi, What is the correct syntax of declaring a regex syntax in Python 2.3? I got the following error: # python2.3 test.py File test.py, line 10 macros_parser = re.compile (r (\s+)=\(\s+)\$ ,re.VERBOS) ^ SyntaxError: invalid syntax Thanks sam -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Why tuple with one item is no tuple
Kay Schluehr wrote: On the other hand i find Mathematicas list operators very appealing: In =: [1,2,3]^2 Out=: [1,4,9] Compared with this suggar the list comprehension [x**2 for x in [1,2,3]] is ugly. py import numarray py a = numarray.array([1, 2, 3]) py a**2 array([1, 4, 9]) STeVe -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Simple account program
wes weston schrieb:
Why have transactions not associated with accounts?
All transactions are related to an account; have
a self.TransActList in Account.
You have amount in both Withdrawl and Deposit
both derived from Transaction. If Transactions always
have an amount, why not put amount in the transactions
class?
That's a good idea. I don't know if Igorati is just doing an
exercise or has the ambition to create a usable application.
In the latter case it would be a good idea to learn the basics
of double accounting (DA). In DA each transaction is associated
with 2 accounts.
DA tries to avoid signed numbers, but uses the terms debit and
credit instead. debit and credit aren't simply synonyms for minus
and plus because there are two types of accounts: assets and
liabilities. Liabilities have a minus sign built in.
For me this is crazy and I used to confuse things until I found
three rules to memorize this:
1. Positive flow of money is always recorded on the debit side.
2. Assets account balances are computed without sign change.
3. Liability account balances are computed with sign change.
In matrix form:
debit credit
assets accont+ -
liabil account - +
Example: You empty your piggybank to pay your debts:
Amount is recorded on the debit side of debts and on the credit
side of piggybank (rule 1). Both balances are lower, because credit
is negative for assets (rule 2) and debit is negative for liabilities
(rule 3).
So the easiest way to handle this programmatically is to have two
lists, accounts and transactions. Each transaction generates a new
entry in the list of transactions:
translist.append(trans(credit_account, debit_account, amount))
where amount is always positive. The account class has a balance
method:
class account:
def balance(self, translist):
bal = 0
for e in translist:
if self == e.debit_account:
bal += e.amount
if self == e.credit_account:
bal -= e.amount
if self.acctype == liability:
bal = -bal
return bal
--
---
Peter Maas, M+R Infosysteme, D-52070 Aachen, Tel +49-241-93878-0
E-mail 'cGV0ZXIubWFhc0BtcGx1c3IuZGU=\n'.decode('base64')
---
--
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Re: How to create datetime object from DbiDate (win32.odbc)?
Robert Brewer wrote: Frank Millman wrote: First prize would be to have a datetime constructor that takes a DbiDate object as input, in the same way that mx does, but this does not seem to exist. Try: datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(int(value)) Thanks, Robert, this is exactly what I am looking for. Frank -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to handle repetitive regexp match checks
Matt Wette wrote:
Over the last few years I have converted from Perl and Scheme to
Python. There one task that I do often that is really slick in Perl
but escapes me in Python. I read in a text line from a file and check
it against several regular expressions and do something once I find a
match.
For example, in perl ...
if ($line =~ /struct {/) {
do something
} elsif ($line =~ /typedef struct {/) {
do something else
} elsif ($line =~ /something else/) {
} ...
I am having difficulty doing this cleanly in python. Can anyone help?
I had a similar situation along with the requirement that the text to be
scanned was being read in chunks. After looking at the Python re module
and various other regex packages, I eventually wrote my own multiple
pattern scanning matcher.
However, since then I've discovered that the sre Python module has a
Scanner class that does something similar.
Anyway, you can see my code at:
http://users.cs.cf.ac.uk/J.P.Giddy/python/Trespass/2.0.0/
Using it, your code could look like:
# do this once
import Trespass
pattern = Trespass.Pattern()
pattern.addRegExp(r'struct {', 1)
pattern.addRegExp(r'typedef struct {', 2)
pattern.addRegExp(r'something else', 3)
# do this for each line
match = pattern.match(line)
if match:
value = match.value()
if value == 1:
# struct
do something
elif value == 2:
# typedef
do something
elif value == 3:
# something else
do something
else:
error
--
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Re: syntax incorrect with regex
sam wrote: Hi, What is the correct syntax of declaring a regex syntax in Python 2.3? I got the following error: # python2.3 test.py File test.py, line 10 macros_parser = re.compile (r (\s+)=\(\s+)\$ ,re.VERBOS) ^ SyntaxError: invalid syntax No problem here. Is your indentation correct? -- Regards, Diez B. Roggisch -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: list of unique non-subset sets
Looking at all the hyperedges in the connected component is a big waste... You can look at just the hyperedges that share one or more nodes. (Nodes are the original letters contained in the sets, and they must be hashable). If nodes aren't integers in [0, len(l)) then you can use this simpler code: . l = [set(['a','b','c']), set(['a','c']), set(['a','d','e','1']), . set(['r','k','l']), set(['b','e','1']), set(['a','c']) ] . from graph import Graph . # http://www.fantascienza.net/animalia/graph.zip . # you can something similar with Boost . . debug = True . g = Graph() . for n1,s in enumerate(l): . g.addNode(n1, nodeData=1) . for n2 in s: . g.addBiArc(n1, n2) . if debug: print g # . . result = [] . for i,s in enumerate(l): . ss = set() . for n1 in s: . ss.update(g.xoutNodes(n1)) . ss.remove(i) . if debug: print i, ss # . . for sj in ss: . if s = l[sj]: . break . else: . result.append(s) . print result If nodes are hashable, but they can cointain integers in [0, len(l)), then you can use this other code with nodeID translations (in a different graph implementation, like Gato one, such translations can be automatic): . l = [set(['a','b','c']), set(['a','c']), set(['a','d','e','1']), . set(['r','k','l']), set(['b','e','1']), set(['a','c']) ] . from graph import Graph . . debug = True . nodes = set() . for s in l: . nodes.update(s) . lenl = len(l) . nodes = dict( (i+lenl, n) for i,n in enumerate(nodes) ) . if debug: print nodes:, nodes # . nodesid = dict( (n,i) for i,n in nodes.iteritems() ) . l2 = [ set( nodesid[n] for n in s ) for s in l ] . if debug: print l2:, l2 # . . g = Graph() . for n1,s in enumerate(l2): . g.addNode(n1) . for n2 in s: . g.addBiArc(n1, n2) . if debug: print g # . . result = [] . for i,s in enumerate(l2): . ss = set() . for n1 in s: . ss.update(g.xoutNodes(n1)) . ss.remove(i) . if debug: print i, ss:, i, ss # . . for sj in ss: . if s = l2[sj]: . break . else: . result.append(s) . if debug: print result:, result # . result2 = [ set( nodes[n] for n in s ) for s in result ] . print result2 If the hyperedges define a sparse hypergraph, then this code can be quite faster than the original quadratic one (if len(l) is big enough). Bye, Bearophile -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Is Python like VB?
Mike Cox wrote: Would Python meet our requirements? I need to make lots of GUI applications (message boxes, forms, etc.) and do the underlying business logic too. Python is my favorite language and I recommend that you experiment with it. However, if you want the quickest replacement for VB I would look at REALbasic. It has a nice IDE with an integrated GUI designer and it is generally easy for a VBer to learn. You can even convert existing VB apps as well. It won a Jolt Productivity award this year (along with Python 2.4). http://www.realsoftware.com/index.php -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: create/access dynamic growth list
sam wrote:
Hi,
I have a configuration file need to be processed (read/write) by python.
Currently I the following method can only read and store data that
python read a line from a configuraiton file:
def _parse (self):
# parse message
m = self.FWShow_Command.match (conf_data)
if (m == None):
raise FW_Command.Error (corrupt macro definition)
# store generic data
macro = {}
macro[key] = m.group (1)
macro[value] = m.group (2)
return (conf_data, macro)
Since there are unknown number of lines in a configuration file, I want
to store the array of macro in a list.
How can I do that in Python?
Thanks
Sam.
Pretty sketchy description, but I'll take a shot.
fp=open(conf_data, 'r')
macro_lines=fp.readlines()
fp.close()
After this macro_lines will be a list with one line per element
such that macro_list[0] is the first line, macro_list[1] the
second, etc.
Larry Bates
--
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Re: how to handle repetitive regexp match checks
Matt -
Pyparsing may be of interest to you. One of its core features is the
ability to associate an action method with a parsing pattern. During
parsing, the action is called with the original source string, the
location within the string of the match, and the matched tokens.
Your code would look something like :
lbrace = Literal('{')
typedef = Literal('typedef')
struct = Literal('struct')
rx1 = struct + lbrace
rx2 = typedef + struct + lbrace
rx3 = Literal('something') + Literal('else')
def rx1Action(strg, loc, tokens):
... put stuff to do here...
rx1.setParseAction( rx1Action )
rx2.setParseAction( rx2Action )
rx3.setParseAction( rx3Action )
# read code into Python string variable 'code'
patterns = (rx1 | rx2 | rx3)
patterns.scanString( code )
(I've broken up some of your literals, which allows for intervening
variable whitespace - that is Literal('struct') +Literal('{') will
accommodate one, two, or more blanks (even line breaks) between the
'struct' and the '{'.)
Get pyparsing at http://pyparsing.sourceforge.net.
-- Paul
--
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Re: Is Python like VB?
Tim Roberts wrote: Mike Cox [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: As you may or may not know, Microsoft is discontinuing Visual Basic in favor of VB.NET and that means I need to find a new easy programming language. I heard that Python is an interpreted language similar to VB. This statement is a little bit silly. VB.NET is an interpreted language which is practically indistinguishable from the old VB. Why on earth would you choose to reimplement your software in a different language, rather than just do the simple version upgrade? It is a bit OT for a python group, but calling VB.NET virtually indistinguishable from VB isn't fair to either language. The differences between them are so significant that many VB developers have taken to calling VB.Net visual fred instead ( http://vb.mvps.org/vfred/breaks.asp ). VB.Net is both more powerful and less convienent than VB. You are right that VBA isn't being discontinued yet. My own interest in learning python is to find a replacement for Excel VBA. I'm a mathematician who likes to throw quick programs together for things like statistical simulations. I liked the ability to get functioning code quickly in VBA, together with the ability to easily generate graphs of the results, etc., but I finally got tired of the slow speed and verbose syntax. I'm hoping that Python (as packaged by Enthought together with various numerical and graphing modules) will be an appropriate replacement. -scattered -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: GIL release
Do you mean in Python or in C ? In C this is described in details in the documentation. In Python, I don't think there is a way ! If you want to do so you'll want to use a micro sleep ... Pierre Alastair Basden a écrit : Hi, Does anyone know whether there is a way for a python thread to release the global interpreter lock, and let all other threads have a chance at running before re-acquiring it? Does the thread scheduling follow a round-robin method? Thanks, agb. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: fastest postgresql module
In article [EMAIL PROTECTED], Timothy Smith [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Leif B. Kristensen wrote: Timothy Smith skrev: has anyone got some hard numbers on which pg access module is the fastest, i currently use pypgsql, but i can't help but feel it's a little slow. 3 seconds to connect, send one query, get th return data. i'm on a adsl 1.5mbit/256kbit link, the server is on a 10/10mbit, and i have a ping of 245ms average. maybe pypgsql does too much backand forth, i don't know. You might want to try psycopg, it's claimed to be optimized for speed. my only issue with psycopg, is last time i looked they had no win32 port? psycopg is available for win32 (though the development version might not be) Try: http://www.stickpeople.com/projects/python/psycopg/ HTH... -frank -- -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Database connection caching
On 18 Mar 2005 04:52:03 -0800, [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi all, is there an alternative way of: - create a connection object - open the connection - close the connection every time one has to run a query. Why not use cursor objects with a single connection object? You can have any number of cursor objects and can run with a single connection object A good introduction is at http://www.amk.ca/python/writing/DB-API.html Regards, -- Swaroop C H Blog: http://www.swaroopch.info Book: http://www.byteofpython.info -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: MySQL problem
Dennis Lee Bieber wrote: On Thu, 17 Mar 2005 16:45:57 GMT, wes weston [EMAIL PROTECTED] declaimed the following in comp.lang.python: str = INSERT INTO produkt1 (MyNumber) VALUES(%d) % (MyNumber) cursor.execute(str) Think you meant MyValue for the second item... However... Try neither, the recommended method is to let the execute() do the formatting... That way /it/ can apply the needed quoting of arguments based upon the type of the data. cursor.execute(insert into produkt1 (MyNumber) values (%d), (MyValue)) Dennis, Do you know if this has some efficiency advantage or is it just an agreed upon custom. wes -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Is Python like VB?
On Fri, 18 Mar 2005 07:40:54 -0700, at lycos.com@bag.python.org Jim Smith jbzsmith wrote: Mike Cox wrote: Would Python meet our requirements? I need to make lots of GUI applications (message boxes, forms, etc.) and do the underlying business logic too. Python is my favorite language and I recommend that you experiment with it. However, if you want the quickest replacement for VB I would look at REALbasic. It has a nice IDE with an integrated GUI designer and it is generally easy for a VBer to learn. You can even convert existing VB apps as well. It won a Jolt Productivity award this year (along with Python 2.4). I have heard Gambas to be a very good option too: http://gambas.sourceforge.net/ -- Swaroop C H Blog: http://www.swaroopch.info Book: http://www.byteofpython.info -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PyGoogle featured on Google Code
Michael I took a look at goopy and I found that much of the stuff in it Michael could be done more efficiently with an itertools recipe. But Michael then again, it also had sum() and maximum() functions so it Michael must have been written for an older version of Python. I thought I saw that it was supposed to work with Python 2.1. Skip -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: syntax incorrect with regex
sam wrote: What is the correct syntax of declaring a regex syntax in Python 2.3? I got the following error: # python2.3 test.py File test.py, line 10 macros_parser = re.compile (r (\s+)=\(\s+)\$ ,re.VERBOS) ^ SyntaxError: invalid syntax compare and contrast: macros_parser = re.compile (r (\s+)=\(\s+)\$ ,re.VERBOSE) (no error) macros_parser = re.compile (r (\s+)=\(\s+)\$ ,re.VERBOSE) File stdin, line 1 macros_parser = re.compile (r (\s+)=\(\s+)\$ ,re.VERBOSE) ^ SyntaxError: invalid syntax /F -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Database connection caching
Lorenzo is there an alternative way of: Lorenzo - create a connection object Lorenzo - open the connection Lorenzo - close the connection Lorenzo every time one has to run a query. Sure, create a Queue.Queue object and stuff a number of connections into it. When you want a connection call the queue's .get() method. When you're done with it .put() it back. This has the other nice feature that a program with a large number of threads can't overwhelm your database. Skip -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Database connection caching
On 18 Mar 2005 04:52:03 -0800, [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: is there an alternative way of: - create a connection object - open the connection - close the connection every time one has to run a query. It's actually morte like: create connection create cursor execute SQL process cursor close cursor close connection The bit that you can avoid it the creation of the connection - that's an intensive process. If your system is single threaded, or if it's a very small app, you can just create a single open connection and keep using that. I usually find that I need a pool of open connections, though. -- Cheers, Simon B, [EMAIL PROTECTED], http://www.brunningonline.net/simon/blog/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: syntax incorrect with regex
On Fri, 18 Mar 2005 21:57:15 +0800, sam [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi, What is the correct syntax of declaring a regex syntax in Python 2.3? I got the following error: # python2.3 test.py File test.py, line 10 macros_parser = re.compile (r (\s+)=\(\s+)\$ ,re.VERBOS) ^ SyntaxError: invalid syntax Please check the indentation you have used. Also, it should be re.VERBOSE (note the ending 'e') Regards, -- Swaroop C H Blog: http://www.swaroopch.info Book: http://www.byteofpython.info -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: MySQL problem
wes weston wrote: Dennis Lee Bieber wrote: Try neither, the recommended method is to let the execute() do the formatting... That way /it/ can apply the needed quoting of arguments based upon the type of the data. cursor.execute(insert into produkt1 (MyNumber) values (%d), (MyValue)) Dennis, Do you know if this has some efficiency advantage or is it just an agreed upon custom. It may have efficiency advantages if the DB caches requests. But the main advantages are that - it correctly escapes special chars such as - consequently it also protects against SQL injection attacks where MyValue might contain malicious SQL. Kent -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Is Python like VB?
On 18 Mar 2005 07:22:05 -0800, scattered [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Tim Roberts wrote: Mike Cox [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: As you may or may not know, Microsoft is discontinuing Visual Basic in favor of VB.NET and that means I need to find a new easy programming language. I heard that Python is an interpreted language similar to VB. This statement is a little bit silly. VB.NET is an interpreted language which is practically indistinguishable from the old VB. Why on earth would you choose to reimplement your software in a different language, rather than just do the simple version upgrade? It is a bit OT for a python group, but calling VB.NET virtually indistinguishable from VB isn't fair to either language. The differences between them are so significant that many VB developers have taken to calling VB.Net visual fred instead ( http://vb.mvps.org/vfred/breaks.asp ). VB.Net is both more powerful and less convienent than VB. You are right that VBA isn't being discontinued yet. My own interest in learning python is to find a replacement for Excel VBA. I'm a mathematician who likes to throw quick programs together for things like statistical simulations. I liked the ability to get functioning code quickly in VBA, together with the ability to easily generate graphs of the results, etc., but I finally got tired of the slow speed and verbose syntax. I'm hoping that Python (as packaged by Enthought together with various numerical and graphing modules) will be an appropriate replacement. -scattered -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list I agree, VB.net is enough of a difference that I've found a lot of developers who only develop in VB6 get really tripped up in it for a while. Not to mention the framework you have access to is huge, leanring your way around that is a chore in itself. It takes a significant amount of effort to feel as productive in it as vb6. Especially if you've never been exposed to huge frameworks like VCL or Java or the .net framework. To imply that the transition from vb6 to vb.net is anything less than a significant effort is misleading to say the least. My .02 as a recovering vb6 com/dcom/asp programmer stuck on more than a few vb.net projects. -- Thomas G. Willis http://paperbackmusic.net -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Import mechanism to support multiple Python versions
Hi, I'm trying to support two Python versions at the same time and I'm trying to find effective mechanisms to support modules compiled in C++ transparently. All my code in under a single package. Is it possible to override the import mechanism only for modules under that package and sub-packages so that?: import cppmymodule would be equivalent to: if sys.version == 2.4: import cppmymodule24 as cppmymodule elif sys.version == 2.3: import cppmymodule23 as cppmymodule for all modules under the package and all modules with names beginning with cpp (or another way to identify them). I have also third party packages. Is it possible to make a package point to another folder? For example: psyco23/... psyco24/... psyco/__init__.py = points to psyco23 or psyco24 depending on Python version used. Note that I cannot use .pth files or symbolic links, since I would want the exact same code hierarchy to work with both Python 2.3 and 2.4. Any help appreciated. Thx and regards, Nicolas -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python becoming less Lisp-like
Antoon Pardon wrote: Op 2005-03-16, Jeff Shannon schreef [EMAIL PROTECTED]: Bruno Desthuilliers wrote: - if x is a class attribute of class A and a is an instance of A, a.x=anyvalue create a new instance attribute x instead of modifying A.x This is very consistent with the way that binding a name in any scope will shadow any bindings of that name in higher scopes. It is the same principle by which one is able to use the same name for a function-local variable that is used for a global variable, without destroying that global variable. [...] Not entirely. The equivallent is imposible in function scope. If function scope would work exactly equivallent as the above the following should work a = 42 def f(): a = a + 1 print a print a And the result should be: 43 42 I'd still say that the name binding rules are very consistent. The name lookup rules are a little different (as they *should* be for class/instance attributes), and that's why there's a different net effect (UnboundLocalError) as shown in your example. I'd say, however, that if there's a special case here it's with the function-local variables, not the class/instance attributes. It's the optimizations to the function-local namespace which prevent transparent re-binding of global names. And given that the function-local namespace is by far the most heavily used, and the relative utility (and wisdom) of using globals in this way, this is a case where the benefit of the special case is well worth the cost of its slight inconsistency. Jeff Shannon -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Simple account program
Thank you all for your help. I am sorry that I am struggling with programming. I still am attempting to get it. Yes, I do need to stop posting homework assignments, perhaps I will learn to write code through more studying. I have gone through some toutorials if that makes you feel any better. I do have a desire to learn. Thank you again. I will go back and attempt to impliment this. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
[ANNOUNCE] Twenty-third release of PythonCAD now available
I'm pleased to announce the twenty-third development release of PythonCAD, a CAD package for open-source software users. As the name implies, PythonCAD is written entirely in Python. The goal of this project is to create a fully scriptable drafting program that will match and eventually exceed features found in commercial CAD software. PythonCAD is released under the GNU Public License (GPL). PythonCAD requires Python 2.2 or newer. The interface is GTK 2.0 based, and uses the PyGTK module for interfacing to GTK. The design of PythonCAD is built around the idea of separating the interface from the back end as much as possible. By doing this, it is hoped that both GNOME and KDE interfaces can be added to PythonCAD through usage of the appropriate Python module. Addition of other PythonCAD interfaces will depend on the availability of a Python module for that particular interface and developer interest and action. The twenty-third release contains a several bug fixes, the largest of which is the correct restoration of dimension string text properties when the deletion of a dimension is undone. Another fix included in this release is the removal of some deprecated constants flagged by the 2.6 PyGTK release when they are encountered. This release also features the beginnings of the scripting enhancements planned for PythonCAD. The evaluation of user-entered expressions is now more powerful by utilizing Python's exec keyword and invoking the eval() command with an argument storing variables to be utilized during expression evaluation. More enhancements and improvements in expression evaluation and overall scriptability will appear in future releases. A mailing list for the development and use of PythonCAD is available. Visit the following page for information about subscribing and viewing the mailing list archive: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/pythoncad Visit the PythonCAD web site for more information about what PythonCAD does and aims to be: http://www.pythoncad.org/ Come and join me in developing PythonCAD into a world class drafting program! Art Haas -- Man once surrendering his reason, has no remaining guard against absurdities the most monstrous, and like a ship without rudder, is the sport of every wind. -Thomas Jefferson to James Smith, 1822 -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
OSX / Python 2.3 errortruncated or malformed object ...
MacOS 10.3.8, Python 2.3. I installed both Tkinter and appscript yesterday. Now when I open python (or pythonw) in the Terminal I get the following: Python 2.3 (#1, Sep 13 2003, 00:49:11) [GCC 3.3 20030304 (Apple Computer, Inc. build 1495)] on darwin Type help, copyright, credits or license for more information. /System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.3/Resources/Python.app/Contents/MacOS/Python: object: /System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.3/lib/python2.3/site-packages/readline.so truncated or malformed object (LC_SEGMENT command 2 fileoff field plus filesize field extends past the end of the file) Everything I've actually tried with Python still works, including both Tkinter and appscript scripts; however, I obviously don't like seeing errors reported, especially ones I have no clue about. Does anyone know what this is, and/or how to fix it? Ian -- Ian York ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) http://www.panix.com/~iayork/ -but as he was a York, I am rather inclined to suppose him a very respectable Man. -Jane Austen, The History of England -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: adding a path module to stdlib
Alia Khouri wrote: This may have been discussed ad nauseaum before, but every time I use os.path manipulations I miss something like Jason Orrendorf's path.py being in the standard library. [http://www.jorendorff.com/articles/python/path/] That is a great library. I wrote a distutils setup.py for it to make it easier to deploy on multiple systems I use. Installing path.py is so much easier than using os.path. -- Michael Hoffman -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to handle repetitive regexp match checks
Matt Wette wrote:
Over the last few years I have converted from Perl and Scheme to
Python. There one task that I do often that is really slick in Perl
but escapes me in Python. I read in a text line from a file and check
it against several regular expressions and do something once I find a
match.
For example, in perl ...
if ($line =~ /struct {/) {
do something
} elsif ($line =~ /typedef struct {/) {
do something else
} elsif ($line =~ /something else/) {
} ...
I am having difficulty doing this cleanly in python. Can anyone help?
rx1 = re.compile(r'struct {')
rx2 = re.compile(r'typedef struct {')
rx3 = re.compile(r'something else')
m = rx1.match(line)
if m:
do something
else:
m = rx2.match(line)
if m:
do something
else:
m = rx3.match(line)
if m:
do something
else:
error
If you don't need the match object as part of do something, you
could do a fairly literal translation of the Perl:
if rx1.match(line):
do something
elif rx2.match(line):
do something else
elif rx3.match(line):
do other thing
else:
raise ValueError(...)
Alternatively, if each of the do something phrases can be easily
reduced to a function call, then you could do something like:
def do_something(line, match): ...
def do_something_else(line, match): ...
def do_other_thing(line, match): ...
table = [ (re.compile(r'struct {'), do_something),
(re.compile(r'typedef struct {'), do_something_else),
(re.compile(r'something else'), do_other_thing) ]
for pattern, func in table:
m = pattern.match(line)
if m:
func(line, m)
break
else:
raise ValueError(...)
The for/else pattern may look a bit odd, but the key feature here is
that the else clause only runs if the for loop terminates normally --
if you break out of the loop, the else does *not* run.
Jeff Shannon
--
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Re: Splitting with Regular Expressions
I thank you for your help. The more flexible solution (Paul McGuire) is interesting but i don't need such a flexibility. In fact I am implementing a cross-reference tool and working on python sources, I don't need the '.' as separator in order to capture variables and commands. I thank nevertheless Paul for the advice on using pyparsing. The other two solutions (Thomas Guettler and Fredrik Lundh) are quite similar except for the use of raw. I can use both. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
How to I restart an interactive session?
I'm trying to cobble together an IDLE equivalent using pyshell and VIM (My idea is just to pipe exec file commands from VIM to pyshell via a socket or something). The one feature that IDLE has that I would really like but can't seem to duplicate is the Restart Shell command. Delving through the IDLE code, it looks like IDLE kills and restarts its InteractiveInterpreter-derived class to do this. Is this really necessary? If I just take __main__.__dict__ and strip out everything since a start point, haven't I restored the interpreter to a virgin state? (Of course, assuming that there are no threads running, no c-code-invoked junk lying around, etc). -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Simple XML-to-Python conversion
Since I've exhausted every option except for Amara, I've decided to give it a try. However, this will only work if I can compile Amara and 4suite along with my application. I doubt 4suite will be able to be compiled, but I'll try it anyway. If I weren't set on using XML (I know, not every application requires it and it's abused), I would probably go with a simpler format like an INI file or YAML. The requirement that leads me to use XML for a simple config file is that the rest of this project already utilizes XML and another developer must integrate his NetBeans GUI with my app and config file. Not to mention that this must be across Linux and Windows platforms. To make this easier on everyone else, I'm using a simple XML schema that I know everyone can write to. As far as I know, YAML isn't easily written to from a Java class and an INI file isn't very popular on the Linux side. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: xmlproc maintainer?
Alban Hertroys wrote: We recently (about a week ago) sent a patch to the maintainer of xmlproc, but we didn't receive a reply yet. A look at the site reveals that the last update was somewhere in 2000. Does anybody know who the current maintainer is (if that changed), or what the status of xmlproc is? We kind of depend on it... xmlproc is maintained as part of PyXML now; please sent the patch to the patches tracker at sf.net/projects/pyxml. That said, PyXML did not have a release on its own for quite some time, either; mainly due to lack of user interest. Regards, Martin -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Import mechanism to support multiple Python versions
Nicolas Fleury wrote:
import cppmymodule
would be equivalent to:
if sys.version == 2.4:
import cppmymodule24 as cppmymodule
elif sys.version == 2.3:
import cppmymodule23 as cppmymodule
for all modules under the package and all modules with names beginning
with cpp (or another way to identify them).
Since all my imports are absolute, my code looks more like:
import root.subpackage.cppmymodule
So I guess, I can add this in root/__init__.py and everything would be fine:
def myimport(name, globals=None, locals=None, fromlist=None,
__import__=__import__):
names = name.split('.')
if names[0] == 'root' and names[-1][0:3] == 'cpp':
name += '%s%s' % sys.version_info[0:2]
return __import__(name, globals, locals, fromlist)
__builtins__['__import__'] = myimport
It seems to work, is that right?
Thx and regards,
Nicolas
--
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Re: Database connection caching
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi all, is there an alternative way of: - create a connection object - open the connection - close the connection psycopg, a Postgresql database adapter does connection pooling automatically http://initd.org/projects/psycopg1 Most Zope database adapters also have implicit connection pooling. Istvan. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Windows question from Mac guy
On Mar 18, 2005, at 1:36 PM, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Here is code that I use, it works both for the script and the exe: Though that does *not* work on Mac, it *does* work on Windows. Bless you sir! I just put a sys.platform condition in and do it your elegant way for 'win32' and the simple way for 'darwin'. Many thanks! Charles Hartman -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python becoming less Lisp-like
On Fri, 18 Mar 2005 09:16:42 -0800, Jeff Shannon [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Antoon Pardon wrote:
Op 2005-03-16, Jeff Shannon schreef [EMAIL PROTECTED]:
Bruno Desthuilliers wrote:
- if x is a class attribute of class A and a is an instance of A,
a.x=anyvalue create a new instance attribute x instead of modifying A.x
This is very consistent with the way that binding a name in any scope
will shadow any bindings of that name in higher scopes. It is the
same principle by which one is able to use the same name for a
function-local variable that is used for a global variable, without
destroying that global variable. [...]
Not entirely. The equivallent is imposible in function scope.
If function scope would work exactly equivallent as the
above the following should work
a = 42
def f():
a = a + 1
print a
f() # ;-)
print a
And the result should be:
43
42
IIRC, in some past version that used to be the way it worked (if you don't
forget to call f() ;-)
I think it is logical. I.e., the right hand side of a = a + 1
is logically evaluated first, so the status at that time should IMO
determine the meaning of a -- i.e., look for it in an outer scope.
Next comes the local assignment of a which should create a local name
binding, but the code for determining the assigned value should IMO
be the code for the a + 1 with no local binding of a yet existing.
I don't know how much code would break to go back to that, but maybe
not so much, since it's not legal now:
a = 42
def f():
... a = a +1
... print a
...
f()
Traceback (most recent call last):
File stdin, line 1, in ?
File stdin, line 2, in f
UnboundLocalError: local variable 'a' referenced before assignment
print a
42
BTW, I would like a re-assign or find-and-rebind operation spelled := which
would
make x := 123 mean look for x as if to read its value in a right hand side
expression,
(except do not look into __builtins__) and wherever found, rebind to 123 -- and
if not found,
raise an exception.
I think var := 'something' would be a useful substitute for the idiom of
var[0] = 'something' and be unambiguous.
:= as an operator could combine like op= if desired, so we could write
var +:= some.long.expression[that].you('do')**not.want.to.type.twice
instead of
_ = some.long.expression[that].you('do')**not.want.to.type.twice
var +:= _ # meaning var := var + _
or such.
I'd still say that the name binding rules are very consistent. The
They are consistent, but I have to say the function-body full lookahead to
determine
local vs outer (not to mention normal function vs generator) jars my
sensibilities.
name lookup rules are a little different (as they *should* be for
class/instance attributes), and that's why there's a different net
effect (UnboundLocalError) as shown in your example. I'd say,
however, that if there's a special case here it's with the
function-local variables, not the class/instance attributes. It's the
optimizations to the function-local namespace which prevent
transparent re-binding of global names. And given that the
function-local namespace is by far the most heavily used, and the
relative utility (and wisdom) of using globals in this way, this is a
case where the benefit of the special case is well worth the cost of
its slight inconsistency.
The optimization argument goes away with x := something I think, since
the x search can be limited to looking in the lexical environment
exactly like looking for read-only outer scope names now, just with
different consequences for finding or not finding.
Regards,
Bengt Richter
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to I restart an interactive session?
markscottwright wrote: I'm trying to cobble together an IDLE equivalent using pyshell and VIM (My idea is just to pipe exec file commands from VIM to pyshell via a socket or something). The one feature that IDLE has that I would really like but can't seem to duplicate is the Restart Shell command. Delving through the IDLE code, it looks like IDLE kills and restarts its InteractiveInterpreter-derived class to do this. Is this really necessary? If I just take __main__.__dict__ and strip out everything since a start point, haven't I restored the interpreter to a virgin state? You can't unload modules, or at least reload is not always working properly. So - you'd gotta go the road IDLE has gone before I assume. -- Regards, Diez B. Roggisch -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Import mechanism to support multiple Python versions
Nicolas Fleury wrote: Hi, I'm trying to support two Python versions at the same time and I'm trying to find effective mechanisms to support modules compiled in C++ transparently. All my code in under a single package. Is it possible to override the import mechanism only for modules under that package and sub-packages so that?: import cppmymodule would be equivalent to: if sys.version == 2.4: import cppmymodule24 as cppmymodule elif sys.version == 2.3: import cppmymodule23 as cppmymodule for all modules under the package and all modules with names beginning with cpp (or another way to identify them). I used the following approach application-wide: = The very start of main file === resolve_package_dependencies() import package def main(): ... # boilerplate at the end of main file def resolve_package_dependencies(): if sys.version_info[0:2] == (2,5): import package1 sys.modules[package] = sys.modules[package1] else: import package2 sys.modules[package] = sys.modules[package2] = I've never needed that for packages like you, but as far as I remember package specific modules are stored like package.module so aliasing package45 with package in your case will look like sys.modules[__name__+.package] = sys.modules[__name__+.package45] Serge. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Simple XML-to-Python conversion
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Since I've exhausted every option except for Amara, I've decided to give it a try. why didn't xmltramp or elementtree work for your application? they're used all over the place, in all sorts of applications, so it would be interesting to know what's so special about your app... /F -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Splitting with Regular Expressions
qwweeeit [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: In fact I am implementing a cross-reference tool and working on python sources, I don't need the '.' as separator in order to capture variables and commands. if you're parsing Python source code, consider using the tokenize module: http://docs.python.org/lib/module-tokenize.html if you don't have to support broken source code, the parse module may be even more useful: http://docs.python.org/lib/module-parser.html for simpler cases, the class browser parser may be an even better choice: http://docs.python.org/lib/module-pyclbr.html /F -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Is Python like VB?
scattered wrote: You are right that VBA isn't being discontinued yet. My own interest in learning python is to find a replacement for Excel VBA. I'm a mathematician who likes to throw quick programs together for things like statistical simulations. I liked the ability to get functioning code quickly in VBA, together with the ability to easily generate graphs of the results, etc., but I finally got tired of the slow speed and verbose syntax. I'm hoping that Python (as packaged by Enthought together with various numerical and graphing modules) will be an appropriate replacement. Were you aware that OpenOffice.org version 2.0, which is due out soon (beta is available for download), can have python macros, as well as javascript and StarOffice Basic macros? Steve -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: COM connection point
That appears to do just the job! Much obliged, -OY - Original Message - From: Stefan Schukat [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: Oy Politics [EMAIL PROTECTED]; python-list@python.org Sent: Friday, March 18, 2005 6:05 AM Subject: RE: COM connection point Just use obj = win32com.client.Dispatch(obj) Stefan -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Behalf Of Oy Politics Sent: Wednesday, March 16, 2005 11:51 PM To: python-list@python.org Subject: COM connection point Hello: I am building a COM client, with the ability to be called back by events. The events can arrive independently from the server. The client method is called at the right time, so that is working. However, one parameter is itself a COM object, and I am having trouble with accessing the properties of the parameter object. Here is the output of what I have currently. -- Python execute -- event! PyIDispatch at 0x7fb134 with obj at 0x403404 event! PyIDispatch at 0x7fbbf4 with obj at 0x403404 event! PyIDispatch at 0x7a6d24 with obj at 0x403404 etc. Obj is supposed to be my intended parameter. However, when I try to access its property, I get the following: -- Python execute -- pythoncom error: Python error invoking COM method. Traceback (most recent call last): File C:\PYTHON23\Lib\site-packages\win32com\server\policy.py, line 283, in _Invoke_ return self._invoke_(dispid, lcid, wFlags, args) File C:\PYTHON23\Lib\site-packages\win32com\server\policy.py, line 288, in _invoke_ return S_OK, -1, self._invokeex_(dispid, lcid, wFlags, args, None, None) File C:\PYTHON23\Lib\site-packages\win32com\server\policy.py, line 581, in _invokeex_ return func(*args) File E:\otsl\testprojects_folder\pythoncom\pyclihh2.py, line 26, in OnMyEvent print event!, obj, obj.AProp exceptions.AttributeError: 'PyIDispatch' object has no attribute 'AProp' QueryInterface with the target IID gives the following: exceptions.TypeError: There is no interface object registered that supports this IID CastTo gives this error: exceptions.ValueError: This object can not be cast Thanks a lot, -OY -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Mail - Easier than ever with enhanced search. Learn more. http://info.mail.yahoo.com/mail_250 -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
setDocumentLocator in validating parser (xmlproc)
Hi,
it seems that xmlproc, the default Validating parser, in my setup does
not call back to setDocumentLocator. Is there anyway to get a locator
in my handler?
Below you find an example and its output.
Regards, Cees
# base imports
from xml.sax.handler import ContentHandler
from xml.sax.handler import EntityResolver
import xml.sax
import xml.sax.sax2exts
class BaseHandler(ContentHandler):
def setDocumentLocator(self,locator):
print setDocumentLocator called
self.d_locator=locator
def startElement(self, name, attr):
print startElement, name
open('e.dtd','w').write('!ELEMENT E EMPTY')
open('e.xml','w').write(
?xml version=1.0 encoding=ISO-8859-1?
!DOCTYPE E SYSTEM e.dtdE/)
vp = xml.sax.sax2exts.XMLValParserFactory.make_parser()
print vp type, vp.__class__
vph = BaseHandler()
vp.setContentHandler(vph)
vp.parse(e.xml)
np = xml.sax.make_parser()
print np type, np.__class__
nph = BaseHandler()
np.setContentHandler(nph)
np.parse(e.xml)
OUTPUT:
vp type xml.sax.drivers2.drv_xmlproc.XmlprocDriver
startElement E
np type xml.sax.expatreader.ExpatParser
setDocumentLocator called
startElement E
--
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Re: Is Python like VB?
On Fri, 18 Mar 2005 15:45:10 -0500, Tom Willis [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On Fri, 18 Mar 2005 20:20:19 +, Steve Horsley [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: scattered wrote: You are right that VBA isn't being discontinued yet. My own interest in learning python is to find a replacement for Excel VBA. I'm a mathematician who likes to throw quick programs together for things like statistical simulations. I liked the ability to get functioning code quickly in VBA, together with the ability to easily generate graphs of the results, etc., but I finally got tired of the slow speed and verbose syntax. I'm hoping that Python (as packaged by Enthought together with various numerical and graphing modules) will be an appropriate replacement. Were you aware that OpenOffice.org version 2.0, which is due out soon (beta is available for download), can have python macros, as well as javascript and StarOffice Basic macros? Steve -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list http://udk.openoffice.org/python/scriptingframework/index.html Damn that's hot! I am tingly :) -- Thomas G. Willis http://paperbackmusic.net Reply to self... The API however, smells more like java to me than python. Alas, I will happily use it for many of my needs. http://udk.openoffice.org/python/scriptingframework/dynamicDialog.py Perhaps OppenOffice.org 2.0 could be the postscript - pdf - text with the correct layout solution I've been hoping could replace a chain of very troublesome pieces of shareware. -- Thomas G. Willis http://paperbackmusic.net -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Dr. Dobb's Python-URL! - weekly Python news and links (Mar 18)
QOTW: Python's best feature is comp.lang.python. -- Joerg Schuster I learn something valuable from comp.lang.python every week, and most of it has nothing to do with Python. -- Richie Hindle Google writes successful (if suboptimal) applications. Google relies on Python: http://code.google.com http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/browse_thread/thread/a95a58db1410aa46/ The Enterprise talks about fancy proprietary stuff, but uses Python: http://www.infoworld.com/article/04/09/24/39FErrdev_1.html?s=feature PSF is active even to the point that money comes and goes: http://www.python.org/psf/grants/ http://pythonology.blogspot.com/2005/03/case-for-python-software-foundation.html 'Like Tkinter, except for its appearance? Try Tile: http://mfranklin.is-a-geek.org/docs/Tile/index.html While GUI toolkit selection involves significant subjective factors, the PyQt fans at least coherently describe their preference: http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/browse_thread/thread/97d9220e7a667ecb/ Wing 2.0.2 ... adds easier-to-use Zope/Plone integration, extension of the IDE ..., CVS integration, ..., speed optimiations, ... http://wingware.com/pub/wingide/press/2.0.2-release.html Steven Bethard provides an example of optparse use: http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/browse_thread/thread/c79cf10e61656d85/ Everything Python-related you want is probably one or two clicks away in these pages: Python.org's Python Language Website is the traditional center of Pythonia http://www.python.org Notice especially the master FAQ http://www.python.org/doc/FAQ.html PythonWare complements the digest you're reading with the marvelous daily python url http://www.pythonware.com/daily Mygale is a news-gathering webcrawler that specializes in (new) World-Wide Web articles related to Python. http://www.awaretek.com/nowak/mygale.html While cosmetically similar, Mygale and the Daily Python-URL are utterly different in their technologies and generally in their results. For far, FAR more Python reading than any one mind should absorb, much of it quite interesting, several pages index much of the universe of Pybloggers. http://lowlife.jp/cgi-bin/moin.cgi/PythonProgrammersWeblog http://www.planetpython.org/ http://mechanicalcat.net/pyblagg.html comp.lang.python.announce announces new Python software. Be sure to scan this newsgroup weekly. http://groups.google.com/groups?oi=djqas_ugroup=comp.lang.python.announce Brett Cannon continues the marvelous tradition established by Andrew Kuchling and Michael Hudson of intelligently summarizing action on the python-dev mailing list once every other week. http://www.python.org/dev/summary/ The Python Package Index catalogues packages. http://www.python.org/pypi/ The somewhat older Vaults of Parnassus ambitiously collects references to all sorts of Python resources. http://www.vex.net/~x/parnassus/ Much of Python's real work takes place on Special-Interest Group mailing lists http://www.python.org/sigs/ The Python Business Forum further[s] the interests of companies that base their business on ... Python. http://www.python-in-business.org Python Success Stories--from air-traffic control to on-line match-making--can inspire you or decision-makers to whom you're subject with a vision of what the language makes practical. http://www.pythonology.com/success The Python Software Foundation (PSF) has replaced the Python Consortium as an independent nexus of activity. It has official responsibility for Python's development and maintenance. http://www.python.org/psf/ Among the ways you can support PSF is with a donation. http://www.python.org/psf/donate.html Kurt B. Kaiser publishes a weekly report on faults and patches. http://www.google.com/groups?as_usubject=weekly%20python%20patch Cetus collects Python hyperlinks. http://www.cetus-links.org/oo_python.html Python FAQTS http://python.faqts.com/ The Cookbook is a collaborative effort to capture useful and interesting recipes. http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python Among several Python-oriented RSS/RDF feeds available are http://www.python.org/channews.rdf http://bootleg-rss.g-blog.net/pythonware_com_daily.pcgi http://python.de/backend.php For more, see http://www.syndic8.com/feedlist.php?ShowMatch=pythonShowStatus=all The old Python To-Do List now lives principally in a SourceForge reincarnation.
Dr. Dobb's Python-URL! - weekly Python news and links (Mar 18)
QOTW: Python's best feature is comp.lang.python. -- Joerg Schuster I learn something valuable from comp.lang.python every week, and most of it has nothing to do with Python. -- Richie Hindle Google writes successful (if suboptimal) applications. Google relies on Python: http://code.google.com http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/browse_thread/thread/a95a58db1410aa46/ The Enterprise talks about fancy proprietary stuff, but uses Python: http://www.infoworld.com/article/04/09/24/39FErrdev_1.html?s=feature PSF is active even to the point that money comes and goes: http://www.python.org/psf/grants/ http://pythonology.blogspot.com/2005/03/case-for-python-software-foundation.html 'Like Tkinter, except for its appearance? Try Tile: http://mfranklin.is-a-geek.org/docs/Tile/index.html While GUI toolkit selection involves significant subjective factors, the PyQt fans at least coherently describe their preference: http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/browse_thread/thread/97d9220e7a667ecb/ Wing 2.0.2 ... adds easier-to-use Zope/Plone integration, extension of the IDE ..., CVS integration, ..., speed optimiations, ... http://wingware.com/pub/wingide/press/2.0.2-release.html Steven Bethard provides an example of optparse use: http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/browse_thread/thread/c79cf10e61656d85/ Everything Python-related you want is probably one or two clicks away in these pages: Python.org's Python Language Website is the traditional center of Pythonia http://www.python.org Notice especially the master FAQ http://www.python.org/doc/FAQ.html PythonWare complements the digest you're reading with the marvelous daily python url http://www.pythonware.com/daily Mygale is a news-gathering webcrawler that specializes in (new) World-Wide Web articles related to Python. http://www.awaretek.com/nowak/mygale.html While cosmetically similar, Mygale and the Daily Python-URL are utterly different in their technologies and generally in their results. For far, FAR more Python reading than any one mind should absorb, much of it quite interesting, several pages index much of the universe of Pybloggers. http://lowlife.jp/cgi-bin/moin.cgi/PythonProgrammersWeblog http://www.planetpython.org/ http://mechanicalcat.net/pyblagg.html comp.lang.python.announce announces new Python software. Be sure to scan this newsgroup weekly. http://groups.google.com/groups?oi=djqas_ugroup=comp.lang.python.announce Brett Cannon continues the marvelous tradition established by Andrew Kuchling and Michael Hudson of intelligently summarizing action on the python-dev mailing list once every other week. http://www.python.org/dev/summary/ The Python Package Index catalogues packages. http://www.python.org/pypi/ The somewhat older Vaults of Parnassus ambitiously collects references to all sorts of Python resources. http://www.vex.net/~x/parnassus/ Much of Python's real work takes place on Special-Interest Group mailing lists http://www.python.org/sigs/ The Python Business Forum further[s] the interests of companies that base their business on ... Python. http://www.python-in-business.org Python Success Stories--from air-traffic control to on-line match-making--can inspire you or decision-makers to whom you're subject with a vision of what the language makes practical. http://www.pythonology.com/success The Python Software Foundation (PSF) has replaced the Python Consortium as an independent nexus of activity. It has official responsibility for Python's development and maintenance. http://www.python.org/psf/ Among the ways you can support PSF is with a donation. http://www.python.org/psf/donate.html Kurt B. Kaiser publishes a weekly report on faults and patches. http://www.google.com/groups?as_usubject=weekly%20python%20patch Cetus collects Python hyperlinks. http://www.cetus-links.org/oo_python.html Python FAQTS http://python.faqts.com/ The Cookbook is a collaborative effort to capture useful and interesting recipes. http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python Among several Python-oriented RSS/RDF feeds available are http://www.python.org/channews.rdf http://bootleg-rss.g-blog.net/pythonware_com_daily.pcgi http://python.de/backend.php For more, see http://www.syndic8.com/feedlist.php?ShowMatch=pythonShowStatus=all The old Python To-Do List now lives principally in a SourceForge reincarnation.
Re: Is Python like VB?
Steve Horsley wrote: Were you aware that OpenOffice.org version 2.0, which is due out soon (beta is available for download), can have python macros, as well as javascript and StarOffice Basic macros? Steve That looks promising, though not as tightly integrated as VBA is with Excel. For now I think I will stick to my goal of learning things like Chaco and wxPython. If I ever take the Linux plunge it's nice to know that OpenOffice is closing the gap with Excel as far as programmability is concerned. -scattered -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Is Python like VB?
Tom Willis wrote: On Fri, 18 Mar 2005 15:45:10 -0500, Tom Willis [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On Fri, 18 Mar 2005 20:20:19 +, Steve Horsley [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Were you aware that OpenOffice.org version 2.0, which is due out soon (beta is available for download), can have python macros, as well as javascript and StarOffice Basic macros? http://udk.openoffice.org/python/scriptingframework/index.html Damn that's hot! I am tingly :) Reply to self... The API however, smells more like java to me than python. Alas, I will happily use it for many of my needs. IIRC, Sun significantly rewrote the scripting interface to StarOffice before they released the codebase to OpenOffice.org. It's hardly surprising to know that they did so in a very Java-centric way. And given limited resources (and presumably continued guidance from Sun in the form of Sun developers working on OO.o), it's not too surprising that OpenOffice hasn't changed that much. Jeff Shannon -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: list of unique non-subset sets
On Thu, 17 Mar 2005 23:56:46 GMT, Raymond Hettinger [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Kent Johnson [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Raymond Hettinger wrote: [EMAIL PROTECTED] I have many set objects some of which can contain same group of object while others can be subset of the other. Given a list of sets, I need to get a list of unique sets such that non of the set is an subset of another or contain exactly the same members. Tried to do the following: s1=set(['a','b','c']) s2=set(['a','c']) s3=set(['a','d','e','f']) s4=set(['r','k','l']) s5=set(['r','k','l']) L=[s1,s2,s3,s4,s5] --- cleaned-up list should contain s1, s3, s5 This should do the trick: result = [] for s1 in L: for s2 in result: if s1 = s2: break else: result.append(s1) print result If I understand the original post correctly, you also need to check for an existing set being a subset of the set you are adding. A better test case is s1=set(['a','b','c']) s2=set(['a','c']) s3=set(['a','d','e','f']) s4=set(['r','k','l']) s5=set(['r','k','l']) s6=set(['g', 'h']) s7=set(['h', 'i']) s8=set(['g', 'h', 'i']) L=[s1,s2,s3,s4,s5,s6,s7,s8] # --- cleaned-up list should contain s1, s3, s5, s8 Try this: result = [] seen = set() for s1 in L: for s2 in L: if s1 s2: break else: if s1 not in seen: result.append(s1) seen.add(frozenset(s1)) print result Actually, ISTM there are more than one set of sets that can be drawn from the original set that internally satisfy the criteria of no internal duplicates or subsets. E.g., here are some lists of sets selected from L above. I believe (unless I goofed) the requirement I need to get a list of unique sets such that non of the set is an subset of another or contain exactly the same members. is satisfied internally within each list below. [set(['h', 'g']), set(['i', 'h'])] [set(['a', 'c', 'b']), set(['a', 'e', 'd', 'f'])] [set(['k', 'r', 'l']), set(['a', 'c', 'b']), set(['a', 'e', 'd', 'f']), set(['h', 'g'])] [set(['a', 'e', 'd', 'f']), set(['a', 'c']), set(['h', 'g']), set(['i', 'h'])] [set(['i', 'h'])] [set(['k', 'r', 'l']), set(['a', 'c', 'b']), set(['a', 'e', 'd', 'f'])] [] [set(['a', 'c', 'b']), set(['h', 'g']), set(['i', 'h'])] [set(['a', 'c', 'b']), set(['a', 'e', 'd', 'f']), set(['i', 'h'])] [set(['k', 'r', 'l']), set(['a', 'e', 'd', 'f']), set(['a', 'c']), set(['i', 'h'])] [set(['k', 'r', 'l']), set(['a', 'c', 'b']), set(['h', 'g'])] [set(['a', 'c', 'b'])] [set(['k', 'r', 'l']), set(['a', 'c', 'b']), set(['a', 'e', 'd', 'f']), set(['i', 'h', 'g'])] [set(['a', 'e', 'd', 'f']), set(['a', 'c']), set(['i', 'h', 'g'])] [set(['k', 'r', 'l']), set(['a', 'e', 'd', 'f']), set(['i', 'h', 'g'])] [set(['a', 'e', 'd', 'f']), set(['i', 'h'])] [set(['a', 'c', 'b']), set(['a', 'e', 'd', 'f']), set(['i', 'h', 'g'])] [set(['k', 'r', 'l']), set(['a', 'e', 'd', 'f']), set(['a', 'c']), set(['i', 'h', 'g'])] [set(['a', 'c'])] [set(['k', 'r', 'l']), set(['a', 'c']), set(['h', 'g'])] [set(['k', 'r', 'l']), set(['h', 'g']), set(['i', 'h'])] [set(['k', 'r', 'l']), set(['a', 'c', 'b']), set(['a', 'e', 'd', 'f']), set(['i', 'h'])] [set(['a', 'e', 'd', 'f']), set(['a', 'c']), set(['i', 'h'])] [set(['a', 'c']), set(['h', 'g']), set(['i', 'h'])] [set(['k', 'r', 'l']), set(['a', 'e', 'd', 'f']), set(['i', 'h'])] [set(['k', 'r', 'l']), set(['a', 'e', 'd', 'f']), set(['a', 'c'])] [set(['a', 'e', 'd', 'f']), set(['i', 'h', 'g'])] [set(['a', 'c', 'b']), set(['a', 'e', 'd', 'f']), set(['h', 'g']), set(['i', 'h'])] [set(['k', 'r', 'l']), set(['a', 'e', 'd', 'f']), set(['a', 'c']), set(['h', 'g'])] [set(['k', 'r', 'l']), set(['a', 'e', 'd', 'f']), set(['h', 'g']), set(['i', 'h'])] [set(['a', 'e', 'd', 'f']), set(['a', 'c'])] [set(['k', 'r', 'l']), set(['h', 'g'])] [set(['k', 'r', 'l']), set(['a', 'e', 'd', 'f']), set(['h', 'g'])] [set(['k', 'r', 'l']), set(['a', 'c']), set(['h', 'g']), set(['i', 'h'])] [set(['h', 'g'])] [set(['k', 'r', 'l']), set(['a', 'c', 'b'])] [set(['k', 'r', 'l']), set(['a', 'c', 'b']), set(['i', 'h'])] [set(['a', 'c', 'b']), set(['i', 'h', 'g'])] [set(['a', 'c', 'b']), set(['a', 'e', 'd', 'f']), set(['h', 'g'])] [set(['a', 'c', 'b']), set(['h', 'g'])] [set(['k', 'r', 'l']), set(['a', 'c', 'b']), set(['a', 'e', 'd', 'f']), set(['h', 'g']), set(['i', 'h'])] [set(['k', 'r', 'l']), set(['i', 'h'])] [set(['k', 'r', 'l']), set(['a', 'c', 'b']), set(['i', 'h', 'g'])] [set(['a', 'c', 'b']), set(['i', 'h'])] [set(['a', 'c']), set(['i', 'h'])] [set(['k', 'r', 'l']), set(['a', 'c']), set(['i', 'h', 'g'])] [set(['k', 'r', 'l']), set(['a', 'e', 'd', 'f']), set(['a', 'c']), set(['h', 'g']), set(['i', 'h'])] [set(['k', 'r', 'l']), set(['a', 'e', 'd', 'f'])] [set(['a', 'c']), set(['h', 'g'])] [set(['k', 'r', 'l']), set(['i', 'h', 'g'])] [set(['a', 'e', 'd', 'f']), set(['a', 'c']), set(['h', 'g'])]
Re: How to I restart an interactive session?
But, by deleting their namespace entries haven't I effectively unloaded them? In other words, from the point of the interpreter, isn't the state at point A and point B the same? --- point A: import os del __main__.__dict__['os'] --- point B I guess my question boils down to, is the state of the python interpreter kept anywhere other than the __main__ namespace? Obviously the answer is yes - there's the current working directory and any running threads. I think I'm willing to live with those (yeah, I know, those are the words of a man who is going to spend time chasing obscure side-effects...) But are there other things I'm missing? Is my whole plan misguided from the beginning? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Simple account program
Igorati wrote: Thank you all for your help. I am sorry that I am struggling with programming. I still am attempting to get it. Yes, I do need to stop posting homework assignments, perhaps I will learn to write code through more studying. I have gone through some toutorials if that makes you feel any better. I do have a desire to learn. Thank you again. I will go back and attempt to impliment this. Igorati, A desire to learn , persistant study, and excercise is all you really need ;) I don't know how much you 'get' yet so I will assume you are just starting. We all have problems gaining that 'flash of insight' sometimes that makes it all clear ( I am still trying to fully grasp metaclasses and secretly envy Alex Martelli and just about every other genius on this list ;). So the best way I can tell you to learn a language is to read and write it. -Open a Python interpreter and start keying in Python and see what happens. -If you don't know what an interpreter is read the tutor http://docs.python.org/tut/node4.html -Use dir() to see what an object exposes to you. -Learn about list, dictionary, tuple and string methods it will save you months. -Buy a book on Python. I found it easier to grasp from a book than the net, and now I have reference I can give to friends to get them started. -Read thru the standard library when you have the basics down the insight you will gain is priceless. -Pick a module and learn it. write a program that uses that module in some way( this will make it easier to spot the time you actually need to write a solution) -Find a program you like and start adding 'features' to it or taking out 'features' you don't like. -Python tutor list may be more appropriate for you right now till you are up and running. http://www.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor -Just keep reading and writing Python , you will 'get it'. hth, M.E.Farmer -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: wxPython vs. pyQt
Of course, the licensing terms may still be too restrictive for those that want to create comercial closed source applications and can't afford the comercial license of Qt. That is why, for many, wxPython will remain the preferred choice. Being that you are inclined use Xemacs and xterm for your development, I don't think you will have too much trouble with either one. Currently, I think the choice between Qt and wx boils down to this: Type of app - Choice - Reason GPL or Company use only app - Qt - It is easier, cleaner, etc. Commercial Closed Source - Qt - Don't mind the license cost. Any type - wx - It is free. Other (lesser, I think) considerations, however, may bee the appearance of the app. On linux/KDE you may prefer the Qt native look. On Linux/GNOME you may prefer wx's GTK native look. On Windows, wx is completely native, while I can't speak for Qt's look since I have never seen it, but I know it is not completely native looking. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to I restart an interactive session?
markscottwright [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: But, by deleting their namespace entries haven't I effectively unloaded them? In other words, from the point of the interpreter, isn't the state at point A and point B the same? --- point A: import os del __main__.__dict__['os'] --- point B That depends on the module you import. At point B, sys.modules *will* contain an entry for the imported module. That won't be true at point A unless the module was a builtin one. I guess my question boils down to, is the state of the python interpreter kept anywhere other than the __main__ namespace? Obviously the answer is yes - there's the current working directory and any running threads. I think I'm willing to live with those (yeah, I know, those are the words of a man who is going to spend time chasing obscure side-effects...) Yes. Various things in sys record information about the state of the interpreter. But are there other things I'm missing? Is my whole plan misguided from the beginning? It's not clear that misguided is the correct term. You're trying to do something with the interpreter that it wasn't designed for. I'd say that was unwise. Whether or not it *should* have been designed for what you want to do is another problem. mike -- Mike Meyer [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://www.mired.org/home/mwm/ Independent WWW/Perforce/FreeBSD/Unix consultant, email for more information. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Step by step: Compiling extensions with MS Visual C++ Toolkit 2003 - msvccompiler-patch.txt (0/1)
Is it possible to compile extension modules on windows platforms using MS Visual C++ Express 2005, or Visual Studio 8? If so, how would one modify the instructions posted in this thread? [assume I also have Toolkit 2003 installed, if necessary, for msvcr71.lib] Marcus Mike C. Fletcher wrote: Martin Bless wrote: ... Two things first - not to forget: (1) In contrast to what Mike writes I had to use a different registry key (see step 9) Which is expected (even noted on the page), particularly if you have a different version of the SDKs. The keys in the patch were extracted from an English Win2K Platform SDK. Don't know of any *good* way to figure out the keys in a version-agnostic manner. Suggestions welcome... (2) I don't now what people mean when talking about msvcr71.lib. There's no such file on my machine. BUT there IS a msvcrt.lib a directory C:\Programme\Microsoft Visual Studio .NET 2003\Vc7\lib. I guess the .\Vc7\. indicates we are talking of the expected lib. Correct? I don't know. This was sloppy on my part. msvcr71.dll is the DLL used for Visual Studio 7.1, we want the .lib for that version of the DLL, but as you note, it is actually named msvcrt.lib (same as the one for Visual Studio 6.0). Get and install the platform SDK Windows XP SP2 SDK (about ... It is HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\MicrosoftSDK\InstalledSDKs\B44C7E10-89BD-4A32-A3BF-D9D0BC4C9A05 and it is not ...\63DADB24-DC99-45EB-A748-EC93AB8A7497. Find out about the correct key in your case and adjust the crucial line 133 in msvccompiler.py: freeSDK=rSOFTWARE\Microsoft\MicrosoftSDK\InstalledSDKs\B44C7E10-89BD-4A32-A3BF-D9D0BC4C9A05 ... Will have to figure out how to make this work across SDK versions somehow. Thanks for the report, Mike Mike C. Fletcher Designer, VR Plumber, Coder http://www.vrplumber.com http://blog.vrplumber.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
survey of modules to be added to stdlib
This is an informal survey to gauge the community's interest in adding popular modules to the python standard library. In no particular order, here's my personal list of favourites: path.py - Jason Orendorff elementree - Fredrik Lundh ctypes - Thomas Heller psyco - Armin Rigo IPython - Fernando Pérez BTW is there an official set of conditions that have to be met before a module can be accepted into the stdlib? AK -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: survey of modules to be added to stdlib
Alia Khouri wrote: BTW is there an official set of conditions that have to be met before a module can be accepted into the stdlib? Yes - although this has never been followed to date: In PEP 2, http://www.python.org/peps/pep-0002.html a procedure is defined how new modules can be added. Essentially, we need a document stating its intended purpose, and a commitment by the authors to maintain the code. This may rule out inclusion of some modules in your list, e.g. if nobody steps forward to offer ongoing maintenance. Just that users want to see the code in the library is not sufficient, we also need somebody to do the actual work. If none of the core developers respond favourably to requests for inclusion, a library PEP can be seen as a last resort to trigger a BDFL pronouncement. Depending on the module, I personally would actively object inclusion if I have doubts whether the module is going to be properly maintained; I will, of course, obey to any BDFL pronouncement. Furthermore, and more recently, we also started requiring that code is *formally* contributed to the PSF, through the contrib forms, http://www.python.org/psf/contrib.html This may rule out further modules: the authors of the code have to agree to its inclusion in the library; somebody else contributing the modules for the authors will not be acceptable. However, the authors don't have to offer ongoing support for the copy in Python - any other volunteer could step in instead. Regards, Martin -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Is Python like VB?
On Fri, 18 Mar 2005 20:20:19 +, Steve Horsley [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: scattered wrote: You are right that VBA isn't being discontinued yet. My own interest in learning python is to find a replacement for Excel VBA. I'm a mathematician who likes to throw quick programs together for things like statistical simulations. I liked the ability to get functioning code quickly in VBA, together with the ability to easily generate graphs of the results, etc., but I finally got tired of the slow speed and verbose syntax. I'm hoping that Python (as packaged by Enthought together with various numerical and graphing modules) will be an appropriate replacement. Were you aware that OpenOffice.org version 2.0, which is due out soon (beta is available for download), can have python macros, as well as javascript and StarOffice Basic macros? Steve -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list http://udk.openoffice.org/python/scriptingframework/index.html Damn that's hot! I am tingly :) -- Thomas G. Willis http://paperbackmusic.net -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
PyGTK Popup menu?
I want to make a pygtk app that consists completely of a window. When I run it, a menu should appear where the mouse cursor is. I've been looking at the official pygtk tutorial and documentation, but everything seems to assume that I'm either creating a window to put the menu in (I just want it to be the menu floating by itself) or that I want a button press to trigger the menu appearing (it should just pop into existence when I run it). I've tried just creating some menu items, appending them to a menu and then calling menu.popup(None,None,None,0,0) but nothing happens :/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
