ANNOUNCE: Kamaelia 0.1.2 Released
Kamaelia 0.1.2 has been released! What is it? === Kamaelia is a collection of Axon components designed for network protocol experimentation in a single threaded, select based environment. Axon components are python generators are augmented by inbox and outbox queues (lists) for communication in a communicating sequential processes (CSP) like fashion. The architecture is specifically designed to try and simplify the process of designing and experimenting with new network protocols in real environments. This release contains components allowing the creation of TCP based clients and servers, and includes a few (very) simple protocol handlers to show usage. Other components include vorbis decode and playback, asynchronous file reading, and equivalents of tee and strings. (Writing systems is much like building unix pipelines, hence the need for similar tools) The system is known to work under Linux, Mac OS X, Windows and a subset works on Series 60 mobiles. We've also started a weblog which will form an informal discussion forum for issues generally surrounding kamaelia. (We might put things like tutorials there for example) * http://kamaelia.sourceforge.net/cgi-bin/bl What's new in version 0.1.2 ? = Additionally tested under Windows ME, 2000 and Mac OS X, along with a subset tested on Series 60 mobiles and compatibility updates made as a result. Ability to make simple multicast servers, clients and transceivers added. Test harnesses for network servers tightened up. Collection of examples added in the Examples directory: * Example 1 : Contains a simple FortuneCookie protocol system. Includes a server and client as part of a single system. * Example 2 : This has much the same structure, but rather than serve and display fortune cookies, serves (ogg vorbis) audio over a TCP connection to a client which decodes and plays back the audio. * Example 3 : Splits the structure in example 2 into a specific server application and a client application. This puts the two halves at odds, *competing* with each other for CPU time. Thus if both are run on the same (single CPU) system you will hear audio breakage. If run on separate machines (as client and server(!)) you won't hear this. In practice, part of the issue is that there is no buffering in the receiver. * Example 4 : Simple multicast based streaming system. Since it uses raw ogg vorbis with no resends and no codebook facility, you will need to *start all the client machines first* and *then* the server. Uses the multicast transceiver object exclusively. Requirements * Python 2.3 or higher recommended, though please do report any bugs with 2.2. * Axon (Any released version, 1.0.3 recommended, 1.0.4 when released) * vorbissimple (if you want to use the vorbis decode component) (Both Axon and vorbissimple are separate parts of the Kamaelia project, and available at the same download location - see below) Platforms = Kamaelia has been used successfully under both Linux, Windows and Mac OS X. A subset of Kamaelia has been successfully tested on Series 60 Nokia mobiles when used with the Axon SERIES 60 branch. Where can I get it? === Web pages are here: http://kamaelia.sourceforge.net/Docs/ http://kamaelia.sourceforge.net/ (includes info on mailing lists) ViewCVS access is available here: http://cvs.sourceforge.net/viewcvs.py/kamaelia/ Weblog * http://kamaelia.sourceforge.net/cgi-bin/bl Licensing = Kamaelia is released under the Mozilla tri-license scheme (MPL/GPL/LGPL). Specifically you may choose to accept either the Mozilla Public License 1.1, the GNU General Public License 2.0 or the Lesser General Public License 2.1. Proprietary terms and conditions available upon request. Best Regards, Michael. -- [EMAIL PROTECTED] British Broadcasting Corporation, Research and Development Kingswood Warren, Surrey KT20 6NP This message (and any attachments) may contain personal views which are not the views of the BBC unless specifically stated. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-announce-list Support the Python Software Foundation: http://www.python.org/psf/donations.html
Re: Global Variables
Use 'global': def change_filename(): global filename filename=raw_input() def change_path(): global path path=raw_input() Even better, don't use globals at all; in 99% if the time, there are better ways to achieve the same effect. George -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python license (2.3)
Op 2005-04-12, Robert Kern schreef [EMAIL PROTECTED]: Antoon Pardon wrote: What licence can I use? Somewhere they say you can combine python code with GPL code. Does that mean that the resulting code has to have both the GPL license as the PSF license, as both seem to want that derived work uses the same license. No, the PSF does not want that. It does not say so anywhere in the license text. Yes, you can GPL the derived work. The licenses are compatible. This comes from the license text. | 2. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, PSF | hereby grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide | license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly, | prepare derivative works, distribute, and otherwise use Python 2.3 | alone or in any derivative version, provided, however, that PSF's | License Agreement and PSF's notice of copyright, i.e., Copyright (c) | 2001, 2002, 2003 Python Software Foundation; All Rights Reserved are | retained in Python 2.3 alone or in any derivative version prepared by | Licensee. So what should I understand by: provided, however, that PSF's License Agreement ... are retained in Python 2.3 alone or in any derivative version prepared by Licensee. -- Antoon Pardon -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
win32 readline maintenance (was Re: IPython - problem with...
Fernando == Fernando Perez [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Fernando Bummer. I wonder, if the changes are minor and easy, Fernando perhaps you (or someone else) could offer Gary to take Fernando over maintenance of readline/win32? It sounds Someone on the ipython mailing list already had patches for it - I think it was for Belgian keyboards. She didn't submit the patches, just asked whether she should submit them. Fernando like he is perhaps too busy to keep up with the patches Fernando and improvements, so perhaps it's time for someone else Fernando to take over? That kind of library, while Optimally, something like this should be in the pywin32 package. I suppose it could be hosted at scipy if someone was to take over the maintenance? It's open source, so the maintenance doesn't need to be transferred - just put up version control somewhere and we'll see what happens :-). In the meantime I would suggest win32 users to do as I do and use a different keyboard layout. US layout is better for programming anyway and you learn it in a day or two. Settings-Control Panel-Regional Options-Input Locales. -- Ville Vainio http://tinyurl.com/2prnb -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python license (2.3)
Antoon Pardon wrote: Op 2005-04-12, Robert Kern schreef [EMAIL PROTECTED]: Antoon Pardon wrote: What licence can I use? Somewhere they say you can combine python code with GPL code. Does that mean that the resulting code has to have both the GPL license as the PSF license, as both seem to want that derived work uses the same license. No, the PSF does not want that. It does not say so anywhere in the license text. Yes, you can GPL the derived work. The licenses are compatible. This comes from the license text. | 2. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, PSF | hereby grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide | license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly, | prepare derivative works, distribute, and otherwise use Python 2.3 | alone or in any derivative version, provided, however, that PSF's | License Agreement and PSF's notice of copyright, i.e., Copyright (c) | 2001, 2002, 2003 Python Software Foundation; All Rights Reserved are | retained in Python 2.3 alone or in any derivative version prepared by | Licensee. So what should I understand by: provided, however, that PSF's License Agreement ... are retained in Python 2.3 alone or in any derivative version prepared by Licensee. Yes, the license text and the copyright notice must be attached. It doesn't mean that the PSF license is the operative one for the derivative work. You can put *your* own terms on top for *your* own code as long as you can satisfy the requirements of the PSF license, which are very light. Read Larry Rosen's book: http://www.rosenlaw.com/oslbook.htm -- Robert Kern [EMAIL PROTECTED] In the fields of hell where the grass grows high Are the graves of dreams allowed to die. -- Richard Harter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PyChart into web site error
Lee Harr wrote:
On 2005-04-12, Michele Petrazzo [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
I'm using PyChart like a module for create charts into a little web
site, but when I try to create one, I have this error:
/var/www/html/lgt/draw.py:19, in draw:
can = canvas.init(self.file_name)
/usr/lib/python2.3/site-packages/pychart/canvas.py:60, in init:
can = pngcanvas.T(fname)
/usr/lib/python2.3/site-packages/pychart/pscanvas.py:25, in __init__:
basecanvas.T.__init__(self)
/usr/lib/python2.3/site-packages/pychart/basecanvas.py:70, in __init__:
self.title = re.sub((.*)\\.py$, \\1, sys.argv[0])
AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'argv'
Why my script doesn't have sys.argv?
Is there another way to use PyChart into my script?
You are probably going to have to give more details.
Is there a file in your html/lgt folder called sys?
No.
os.listdir('/var/www/html/lgt/')
['engine.py', 'db.py', 'index.spy', 'linetest.py', 'index.html',
'db_mysql.py', 'mysession.spy', 'cds.html', 'templates', 'tmp', 'draw.py']
How are you serving the pages?
Apache 2.0.48, mod_python 3.1.3 and Python 2.3.3
on my mdk 10.0
Thanks,
Michele
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Re: Doubt regarding sorting of a list specific field
praba kar wrote: I have doubt regarding sorting. I have a list that list have another list (eg) list = [[1234,'name1'],[2234,'name2'],[0432,'name3']] I want to sort only numeric value having array field. How I need to do for that. In Python 2.4: py import operator py seq = [(1234,'name1'),(2234,'name2'),(1432,'name3')] py seq.sort(key=operator.itemgetter(0)) py seq [(1234, 'name1'), (1432, 'name3'), (2234, 'name2')] Note that I've changed your name 'list' to 'seq' since 'list' is shadowing the builtin list function in your code, and I've changed your nested lists to tuples because they look like groups of differently typed objects, not sequences of similarly typed objects. See: http://www.python.org/doc/faq/general.html#why-are-there-separate-tuple-and-list-data-types That said, the code I've given will still work if you shadow the builtin list or if you use lists instead of tuples. STeVe -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Web Application Client Module
Raffi wrote: Hi All, I hope I'm posting this question to the correct newsgroups. We have a web based database application that's accessed using IE. The application opens a popup window to run in. With all the popup blockers and compromised browsers out there, I'm looking into developing a web based custom client side application to access the application with. The application will be developed to only reach the web application site using the https protocol. It also needs to javascript enabled. It will be downloaded from the main web site and used to access the database application. Any suggestions/ideas on how to go about developing the client application? What tools tools are out there for such a project. http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/workshop/author/hta/hta_node_entry.asp -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Doubt regarding sorting of a list specific field
Le Wed, 13 Apr 2005 01:13:40 -0600, Steven Bethard a écrit : praba kar wrote: list = [[1234,'name1'],[2234,'name2'],[0432,'name3']] I want to sort only numeric value having array field. How I need to do for that. In Python 2.4: py import operator py seq = [(1234,'name1'),(2234,'name2'),(1432,'name3')] py seq.sort(key=operator.itemgetter(0)) py seq [(1234, 'name1'), (1432, 'name3'), (2234, 'name2')] Note that I've changed your name 'list' to 'seq' since 'list' is shadowing the builtin list function in your code, and I've changed your nested lists to tuples because they look like groups of differently typed objects, not sequences of similarly typed objects. See: STeVe nice explaination. But, if the items of the list are tuples the default rule for comparing tuples is such that seq.sort() would be sufficient here. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Doubt regarding sorting of a list specific field
vincent wehren wrote: praba kar [EMAIL PROTECTED] schrieb im Newsbeitrag news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] | Dear All, | |I have doubt regarding sorting. I have a list | that list have another list (eg) | | list = [[1234,'name1'],[2234,'name2'],[0432,'name3']] - Be careful, 0432 is octal notation for 282. | | I want to sort only numeric value having array field. | How I need to do for that. You may want use the decorate-sort-undecorate idiom. I othere words, you isolate the index you want to sort by, sort on the indices, than get rid of the indices again. Something like: def sortSeqOfSeqs(seq, idx): tmp = sorted([(elem[idx], elem) for elem in seq]) return [elem[1] for elem in tmp] Note that this is not stable: py seq = [(1,'c'),(1,'b')] py [tup[1] for tup in sorted((x[0], x) for x in seq)] [(1, 'b'), (1, 'c')] Which should not have reordered the list since 1 == 1. If you want a stable version, you could use: py [tup[2] for tup in sorted((x[0], i, x) for i, x in enumerate(seq))] [(1, 'c'), (1, 'b')] But that seems pretty silly. You're already using Python 2.4 features (e.g. sorted), so you might as well use the key argument to sorted: py sorted(seq, key=operator.itemgetter(0)) [(1, 'c'), (1, 'b')] Note if you're not using 2.4, you may want to use the decorate-sort-undecorate pattern like: py decorated_seq = [(x[0], i, x) for i, x in enumerate(seq)] py decorated_seq.sort() py [tup[2] for tup in decorated_seq] [(1, 'c'), (1, 'b')] But personally, I'd just upgrade. ;) STeVe -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Doubt regarding sorting of a list specific field
F. Petitjean wrote: Le Wed, 13 Apr 2005 01:13:40 -0600, Steven Bethard a écrit : praba kar wrote: list = [[1234,'name1'],[2234,'name2'],[0432,'name3']] I want to sort only numeric value having array field. How I need to do for that. In Python 2.4: py import operator py seq = [(1234,'name1'),(2234,'name2'),(1432,'name3')] py seq.sort(key=operator.itemgetter(0)) py seq [(1234, 'name1'), (1432, 'name3'), (2234, 'name2')] Note that I've changed your name 'list' to 'seq' since 'list' is shadowing the builtin list function in your code, and I've changed your nested lists to tuples because they look like groups of differently typed objects, not sequences of similarly typed objects. See: STeVe nice explaination. But, if the items of the list are tuples the default rule for comparing tuples is such that seq.sort() would be sufficient here. See my other post in this thread. seq.sort() is not stable; if the OP's list looked like: [(1234,'name3'), (1234,'name1')] then calling seq.sort() would give [(1234,'name1'), (1234,'name3')] instead of [(1234,'name3'), (1234,'name1')] which is what I assumed the OP wanted when he said I want to sort only numeric value. STeVe -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: win32 readline maintenance (was Re: IPython - problem with...
Switching to the US keyboard did not help for me. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Doubt regarding sorting of a list specific field
Steven Bethard wrote: See my other post in this thread. seq.sort() is not stable; Hmmm... That didn't come out right. list.sort *is* stable. It's just that if you want to sort only by the first element of each tuple in a list, then list.sort won't produce results that are stable under this criterion. STeVe -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python license (2.3)
Op 2005-04-13, Robert Kern schreef [EMAIL PROTECTED]: Antoon Pardon wrote: Op 2005-04-12, Robert Kern schreef [EMAIL PROTECTED]: Antoon Pardon wrote: What licence can I use? Somewhere they say you can combine python code with GPL code. Does that mean that the resulting code has to have both the GPL license as the PSF license, as both seem to want that derived work uses the same license. No, the PSF does not want that. It does not say so anywhere in the license text. Yes, you can GPL the derived work. The licenses are compatible. This comes from the license text. | 2. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, PSF | hereby grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide | license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly, | prepare derivative works, distribute, and otherwise use Python 2.3 | alone or in any derivative version, provided, however, that PSF's | License Agreement and PSF's notice of copyright, i.e., Copyright (c) | 2001, 2002, 2003 Python Software Foundation; All Rights Reserved are | retained in Python 2.3 alone or in any derivative version prepared by | Licensee. So what should I understand by: provided, however, that PSF's License Agreement ... are retained in Python 2.3 alone or in any derivative version prepared by Licensee. Yes, the license text and the copyright notice must be attached. It doesn't mean that the PSF license is the operative one for the derivative work. Why attach a license that is not operative. That doesn't make sense to me and will IMO just create confusion. You can put *your* own terms on top for *your* own code as long as you can satisfy the requirements of the PSF license, which are very light. Read Larry Rosen's book: http://www.rosenlaw.com/oslbook.htm I skimmed it and it doesn't seem to contain anything that helps me with the PSF. If it does could you at least point me to the right chapter. -- Antoon Pardon -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: [perl-python] Python documentation moronicities (continued)
Ivan Van Laningham wrote:
Hi All--
Richie Hindle wrote:
[Xah]
motherfucking ... fucking ... fucking ... fucking ... fuck ... fucking
fucking ... fucking ... mother fucking ... fucking ... piece of shit ...
motherfucking ... fucking ... fucking ... big asshole ... masturbation ...
Fucking morons ... fucking stupid ... fuckhead coders ... fuckheads ...
you fucking asses.
paypal me a hundred dollars and i'll rewrite the whole re doc in a few
hours.
Can we paypal you a hundred dollars to leave us alone? I'll pledge $10.
Are there another nine people here who'll do the same?
Why don't we pay him $100 to re-write the PERL docs?
+1 !
--
bruno desthuilliers
python -c print '@'.join(['.'.join([w[::-1] for w in p.split('.')]) for
p in '[EMAIL PROTECTED]'.split('@')])
--
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Re: Python documentation moronicities (continued)
runes [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I found the Howto through Google. Somehow I didn't see that link in the documentation. And please do not make any assumptions about my reading of manuals. if you were unable to find a link in the documentation you were reading, can you perhaps suggest a better place to put that link? /F -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
email: Content-Disposition and linebreaks with long filenames
Hi NG,
I am using email module for creating mails with attachment (and then
sending via smtplib).
If the name of the attachment file is longer than about 60 characters
the filename is wrapped in the Content-Disposition header:
Content-Disposition: attachment;
filename=This is a sample file with a very long filename
0123456789.zip
This leads to a wrong attachment filename in email clients - the space
after filename is not shown or the client displays a special character
(the linbreak or tab before 0123456789.zip).
If I use a standard email client and generate a mail with the same
attachment, it creates the following header:
Content-Disposition: attachment;
filename=This is a sample file with a very long filename 0123456789.zip
(no line break)
Here is my code:
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg['Subject'] = 'Test'
msg['From'] = '[EMAIL PROTECTED]'
msg['To'] = '[EMAIL PROTECTED]'
msg.epilogue = ''
# Add body
part_body = MIMEText('blabla')
msg.attach(part_body)
# Add attachment
file = 'This is a sample file with a very long filename 0123456789.zip'
fp = open(file, 'rb')
part_att = MIMEBase('application','zip')
part_att.set_payload(fp.read())
fp.close()
part_att.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename=file)
# Encode the payload using Base64
email.Encoders.encode_base64(part_att)
msg.attach(part_att)
Is it possible to prevent the linebreak?
Thank you
Martin
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A command in a String ?
I have a rather odd question: Is there a way Python can execute a command within a string ? For example if I had something like: _str = fm=OptionMenu(root,xx,'string1','string2','string3') And the execute _str. The reason why I am trying to do this that as I am aware the OptionMenu hasn't the ability insert options therefore the options would be inserted by manipulating strings. Pete -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: A command in a String ?
Peter Moscatt wrote: I have a rather odd question: Is there a way Python can execute a command within a string ? For example if I had something like: _str = fm=OptionMenu(root,xx,'string1','string2','string3') And the execute _str. exec _str The reason why I am trying to do this that as I am aware the OptionMenu hasn't the ability insert options therefore the options would be inserted by manipulating strings. does this do what you want? strings = string1, string2, string3 fm = OptionMenu(root, xx, *strings) /F -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Looking for a very specific type of embedded GUI kit
Sizer [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] So the question is: what non-X gui toolkit can we use that has Python bindings and will let us use a custom display driver at the lowest level? There is a discussion of Embedded X's here: http://www.linuxdevices.com/files/elec-oct00/anderson/img0.html (metrolink seem's to be dead). http://www.microwindows.org/ maybe sourceforge knows more? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: A command in a String ?
Peter Moscatt wrote: I have a rather odd question: Is there a way Python can execute a command within a string ? For example if I had something like: _str = fm=OptionMenu(root,xx,'string1','string2','string3') And the execute _str. The reason why I am trying to do this that as I am aware the OptionMenu hasn't the ability insert options therefore the options would be inserted by manipulating strings. Pete Look into the eval operation ... -- Tim Daneliuk [EMAIL PROTECTED] PGP Key: http://www.tundraware.com/PGP/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: A command in a String ?
/F, Thanks for the help on this. Yea the 'exec' did the trick. The second example just placed all the strings in one option button. Pete On Wed, 13 Apr 2005 10:34:20 +0200, Fredrik Lundh wrote: Peter Moscatt wrote: I have a rather odd question: Is there a way Python can execute a command within a string ? For example if I had something like: _str = fm=OptionMenu(root,xx,'string1','string2','string3') And the execute _str. exec _str The reason why I am trying to do this that as I am aware the OptionMenu hasn't the ability insert options therefore the options would be inserted by manipulating strings. does this do what you want? strings = string1, string2, string3 fm = OptionMenu(root, xx, *strings) /F -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Compute pi to base 12 using Python?
I need to figure out how to compute pi to base 12, to as many digits as possible. I found this reference, http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Base.html, but I really don't understand it well enough. Could someone show me how to do what I need? Thanks, Dick Moores [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: A command in a String ?
Peter Moscatt wrote: strings = string1, string2, string3 fm = OptionMenu(root, xx, *strings) Thanks for the help on this. Yea the 'exec' did the trick. The second example just placed all the strings in one option button. did you include the asterisk? if you remove that, you get one option. if you include it, you get three options. /F -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python license (2.3)
Antoon Pardon wrote: Op 2005-04-13, Robert Kern schreef [EMAIL PROTECTED]: Yes, the license text and the copyright notice must be attached. It doesn't mean that the PSF license is the operative one for the derivative work. Why attach a license that is not operative. That doesn't make sense to me and will IMO just create confusion. Because it's not your code. The tiny obligation that you have to satisfy is to say that some of the code comes from someone else and is available under such-and-such a license. That's it. You can keep the code hidden, you can charge whatever you like for it, but you have to attribute it properly. Open source licenses don't get much less restrictive than this. You can put *your* own terms on top for *your* own code as long as you can satisfy the requirements of the PSF license, which are very light. Read Larry Rosen's book: http://www.rosenlaw.com/oslbook.htm I skimmed it and it doesn't seem to contain anything that helps me with the PSF. If it does could you at least point me to the right chapter. Well besides reading to understand the mechanics of copyright and licensing, you should read Chapter 5: Academic Licenses, a class of open source licenses to which the PSF License belongs. The only thing particularly different between the PSF License and most other academic licenses (like BSD and MIT) is that the PSF License is more explicit. Of course, IANAL and TINLA, so if you want real legal advice instead of advice from random newsgroup bums like myself, you should talk to a lawyer. -- Robert Kern [EMAIL PROTECTED] In the fields of hell where the grass grows high Are the graves of dreams allowed to die. -- Richard Harter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: A command in a String ?
Peter Moscatt wrote: Thanks for the help on this. Yea the 'exec' did the trick. The second example just placed all the strings in one option button. Peter, you most certainly do *not* need an exec statement. If you take the time to explain what you want to do (as opposed to how you want to do it) a bit more exhaustively, perhaps with some context code, the profit will be all on your side. Peter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python license (2.3)
Op 2005-04-13, Robert Kern schreef [EMAIL PROTECTED]: Antoon Pardon wrote: Op 2005-04-13, Robert Kern schreef [EMAIL PROTECTED]: Yes, the license text and the copyright notice must be attached. It doesn't mean that the PSF license is the operative one for the derivative work. Why attach a license that is not operative. That doesn't make sense to me and will IMO just create confusion. Because it's not your code. The tiny obligation that you have to satisfy is to say that some of the code comes from someone else and is available under such-and-such a license. That's it. You can keep the code hidden, you can charge whatever you like for it, but you have to attribute it properly. Open source licenses don't get much less restrictive than this. Well maybe this is a semantic problem. I wouldn't use the word attach here. So what I seem obligated to do, is 1) Mentioning this came from the python distribution and 2) explain where this distribution can be attained and under what license. You can put *your* own terms on top for *your* own code as long as you can satisfy the requirements of the PSF license, which are very light. Read Larry Rosen's book: http://www.rosenlaw.com/oslbook.htm I skimmed it and it doesn't seem to contain anything that helps me with the PSF. If it does could you at least point me to the right chapter. Well besides reading to understand the mechanics of copyright and licensing, you should read Chapter 5: Academic Licenses, a class of open source licenses to which the PSF License belongs. The only thing particularly different between the PSF License and most other academic licenses (like BSD and MIT) is that the PSF License is more explicit. Of course, IANAL and TINLA, so if you want real legal advice instead of advice from random newsgroup bums like myself, you should talk to a lawyer. Well if it comes so far I have to consult a lawyer I'd rather not publish it in the first place. The only reason I'm concerned is that this is to be part of a tutorial and I prefer not to burden those who read the tutoral with any kind of license. As far as I'm concerned people reading the tutorial can use any code provided with it in any way they see fit. I see this as my contribution to the communities who has provided me with all kinds of things that are usefull to me. I'm willing to put time into this, but if I have to spend money because it is impossible otherwise to find out how to contribute legally, that is a hurdle I'm reluctant to take. -- Antoon Pardon -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: A command in a String ?
/F, No, I hadn't included the '*' Ya learn something every day. Pete On Wed, 13 Apr 2005 11:07:13 +0200, Fredrik Lundh wrote: Peter Moscatt wrote: strings = string1, string2, string3 fm = OptionMenu(root, xx, *strings) Thanks for the help on this. Yea the 'exec' did the trick. The second example just placed all the strings in one option button. did you include the asterisk? if you remove that, you get one option. if you include it, you get three options. /F -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: email: Content-Disposition and linebreaks with long filenames
* Martin Körner [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I am using email module for creating mails with attachment (and then sending via smtplib). If the name of the attachment file is longer than about 60 characters the filename is wrapped in the Content-Disposition header: Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=This is a sample file with a very long filename 0123456789.zip This leads to a wrong attachment filename in email clients - the space after filename is not shown or the client displays a special character (the linbreak or tab before 0123456789.zip). Yeah, this is badly applied header folding. You can circumvent it by encoding the filename parameter according to http://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc2184.txt Note that parameter continuation ala filename*1=...; filename*2= is not really supported by MUAs, but support for filename*=... seems to be a /bit/ better. nd -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
how to explain such codes, python's bug or mine?
j = range(20) print j [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19] for k in j: if k = 10: j.remove(k) print j [1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19] Python 2.3.4 (#53, May 25 2004, 21:17:02) [MSC v.1200 32 bit (Intel)] on win32 Type copyright, credits or license() for more information. i think python do convert there codes to such style: for (i = 0; i len(j); i++) k = j[i] .. what do u think? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: numarray.array can be VERY slow
Edward C. Jones wrote: Steven Bethard wrote: As mentioned, this has nothing to do with numarray, and everything to do with your inexplicable use of lists. Why don't you just write this as: arr = numarray.ones((8, 8, 256, 256), Float64) The code I posted was simplified from a larger program which I have now revised. But I still ask: why did it take 4.3 seconds to run? Is the simple answer not that repeated use of array.append is inefficient as python has to repeatedly re-allocate memory for the array? I had a similar problem as I ran a simulation and appended the results to a results set. Now I create a list of objects of the size required and the overwrite them. Much faster :) Jim Getting in there late cos I've been skiving -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to explain such codes, python's bug or mine?
Hi, it is not python bug. You refer the list j and remove the element in the same time, that is the problem. Python dinamicaly goes to the next element with the same index but apply it in the new list. use this code instead: j = range(20) print j L = [x for x in j if x 10] print L Sincerely Yours, Pujo -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Compute pi to base 12 using Python?
On Wed, 13 Apr 2005 02:06:11 -0700, Dick Moores [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I need to figure out how to compute pi to base 12, to as many digits as possible. I found this reference, http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Base.html, but I really don't understand it well enough. Could someone show me how to do what I need? Thanks, Dick Moores [EMAIL PROTECTED] See if this is enough digits for homework? ;-) (Digits A and B are 10 and 11 in decimal respectively) 3184809493B918664573A6211BB151551A05729290A7809A492742140A60A55256A0661A03753A3AA54805646880181A 3683083272BBBA0A370B12265529A828903B4B256B8403759A71626B8A54687621849B849A8225616B442796A31737B2 29B2391489853943B8763725616447236B027A421AA17A38B52A18A838B01514A51144A23315A3009A8906B61B8B48A6 2253A88A50A43BA0944572315933664476B3AABB77583975120683526B75B462060BB03B432551913772729A21475535 31793848A0402B999B5058535374465A68806716644039539A8431935198527B9399B112990ABB0383B107645424577A 51601B3624A88B7A676A3992912121A213887B92873946A61332242217AA7354115357744939112602BA4B18A326 9222B528487747839994AB223B65B8762695422822669BA00A586097842A51750362073B5A768363B21BB1A97A4A1944 47749399804922175A068A46739461990A2065BB0A30BBAB7024A585B1A84428195489784A07A331A7B0A1574565B373 B05B03A5A80A13AB87857734679985558A5373178A7B28271992A3894A5776085083B9B238B2220542462888641A2BAB 8B3083AB49659172A312B78518654494A068662586A181835A64440B2970A12281397589881536720890580103288144 9223841428763329617531239B9A657405584014534390B587625606BB80923795944B43757A431B039556282978A6A4 9590553490BA1844947175637A908247B50127722464441380A852B0847B5813019BB70A67663B426565434069884476 132193344BA55A2128A03838974606B851B2979321A408067225A5AA4B3464A1A17473595333909AB9127079655B3164 B68B9B28A9B818A220A025AB0934203995B7A62A7AA739355340539BA3182905B193905603A43B660B9426A922946971 44A896A5B2339358BB2B7294BB89635B071A6351211360B820B1882AB8433B54757B87A373284B1BA182A10326476B36 9A4A6365B58B8018994BB152556765475A704BB94B6B2A39458971A8B90512786B5029404818644323552916170B3ABB 7363496427B088B68725A68570040617949289077B278069A09B559324B8A66828B40549B0296065B2300330592569A7 B76B92BA1293585B6A9B604567A0901362856373B4B56897946256B4172B1B50474351364749A33996A81BA8847347A8 411B850B79A03018291672AA0945656A159AA6AA0A845531A592005B8A34366B882257107B190969A846474836A98007 50778920BA797297A2791101B0685A86BB704B9BAA17B055293679843B35215B0A8B1182B611953B080AA5431B219907 A8448A81B1A9493245676B88013B470335240859594158621014216619553246570601967448B470174B924489244481 7453865A4003B5AA7176451AAB90681A949786154AA040477382BA69371041710B8728458A23979252B254236753A44A 1900AA283536A227648812525743868B410A567794663359A6726A5286783328135114789B7645505B047848020A730A 9557B206776AA56A19682744107901306B29008808619866B4911A05264B872A46B5376383932699531B449195640B62 A63622830886247A47B3957169861239358041AA281333622AA15912B0A636047A489BB0726282A78B96671B27305A96 52496B9B999011A7BA36898891665B1A6009058978850A21B01A158A1473B84A192B8672542A2A7056581995207A436A 5B3BA2824637A3112ABB57176468206A071200A327B3216425148100786502AA21236ABB35499277670A126973058340 3B1922A483856007301983989159BB688A58B602339806B63002A339A50B0BA533B84827793913081070A32595A10180 3A9A20234691B1A0B623274B69B0B44688195169461059543A252BB05208720BA13118266A872B26B9B584959B451795 19534B221A335A2BB6971B3276B3A63A5B791723109B176529BB90651584279B7825712521B8269800738B07A62B1454 7884414451224092937165625696557A78799A82126613535A36B410309B759976119777B895801074B9779B9B513753 8B2799951012273399BB818B721967957713B90947B2A11A6A665848B22B531726616515939323229080B8AB574AA749 4773AB411A57150203067A112944833235A86153803A98689A0762B79835413A46B347888A4AAB259665694B93129B62 1391751430A98B002620718437A7B85B891179479651AA3410663715415B55BA47AA59465AB81567B7655780A8038135 85230122578485B071A529692B19A6537B28616A63556816945380634A90470354AAB303884B7B09B2037B95405BA145 704B19B14AA8028810881AB6072441194A875477836B37704B5199062319A336375437403562A663B835B891957883AB Hint: Lambert Meertens. Tweak the algorithm you find ;-) Regards, Bengt Richter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: HTTPSConnection script fails, but only on some servers (long)
Well HTTPSConnection does not support proxies. (HTTP/CONNECT + switch to HTTPS)
And it hasn't ever. Although the code seems to make sense there is
no support for handling that switch. Probably a good thing to complain
about (file a new bug report).
In the meantime you should take a look a cURL and pycurl, which do support
all kind of more extreme HTTP (FTP, etc.) handling, like using https over
an proxy.
Andreas
On Tue, Apr 12, 2005 at 03:37:33AM -0400, Steve Holden wrote:
Paul Winkler wrote:
This is driving me up the wall... any help would be MUCH appreciated.
I have a module that I've whittled down into a 65-line script in
an attempt to isolate the cause of the problem.
(Real domain names have been removed in everything below.)
SYNOPSIS:
I have 2 target servers, at https://A.com and https://B.com.
I have 2 clients, wget and my python script.
Both clients are sending GET requests with exactly the
same urls, parameters, and auth info.
wget works fine with both servers.
The python script works with server A, but NOT with server B.
On Server B, it provoked a Bad Gateway error from Apache.
In other words, the problem seems to depend on both the client
and the server. Joy.
Logs on server B show malformed URLs ONLY when the client
is my python script, which suggests the script is broken...
but logs on server A show no such problem, which suggests
the problem is elsewhere.
DETAILS
Note, the module was originally written for the express
purpose of working with B.com; A.com was added as a point of reference
to convince myself that the script was not totally insane.
Likewise, wget was tried when I wanted to see if it might be
a client problem.
Note the servers are running different software and return different
headers. wget -S shows this when it (successfully) hits url A:
1 HTTP/1.1 200 OK
2 Date: Tue, 12 Apr 2005 05:23:54 GMT
3 Server: Zope/(unreleased version, python 2.3.3, linux2) ZServer/1.1
4 Content-Length: 37471
5 Etag:
6 Content-Type: text/html;charset=iso-8859-1
7 X-Cache: MISS from XXX.com
8 Keep-Alive: timeout=15, max=100
9 Connection: Keep-Alive
... and this when it (successfully) hits url B:
1 HTTP/1.1 200 OK
2 Date: Tue, 12 Apr 2005 04:51:30 GMT
3 Server: Jetty/4.2.9 (Linux/2.4.26-g2-r5-cti i386 java/1.4.2_03)
4 Via: 1.0 XXX.com
5 Content-Length: 0
6 Connection: close
7 Content-Type: text/plain
Only things notable to me, apart from the servers are the Via: and
Connection: headers. Also the Content-Length: 0 from B is odd, but
that doesn't seem to be a problem when the client is wget.
Sadly I don't grok HTTP well enough to spot anything really
suspicious.
The apache ssl request log on server B is very interesting.
When my script hits it, the request logged is like:
A.com - - [01/Apr/2005:17:04:46 -0500] GET
https://A.com/SkinServlet/zopeskin?action=updateSkinIdfacilityId=1466skinId=406
HTTP/1.1 502 351
... which apart from the 502, I thought reasonable until I realized
there's
not supposed to be a protocol or domain in there at all. So this is
clearly
wrong. When the client is wget, the log shows something more sensible
like:
A.com - - [01/Apr/2005:17:11:04 -0500] GET
/SkinServlet/zopeskin?action=updateSkinIdfacilityId=1466skinId=406
HTTP/1.0 200 -
... which looks identical except for not including the spurious
protocol and domain, and the response looks as expected (200 with size
0).
So, that log appears to be strong evidence that the problem is in my
client
script, right? The failing request is coming in with some bad crap in
the path, which Jboss can't handle so it barfs and Apache responds with
Bad Gateway. Right?
So why does the same exact client code work when hitting server B??
No extra gunk in the logs there. AFAICT there is nothing in the script
that could lead to such an odd request only on server A.
THE SCRIPT
#!/usr/bin/python2.3
from httplib import HTTPSConnection
from urllib import urlencode
import re
import base64
url_re = re.compile(r'^([a-z]+)://([A-Za-z0-9._-]+)(:[0-9]+)?')
target_urls = {
'B': 'https://B/SkinServlet/zopeskin',
'A': 'https://A/zope/manage_main',
}
auth_info= {'B':('userXXX', 'passXXX'),
'A':('userXXX', 'passXXX'),
}
def doRequest(target, **kw):
Provide a trivial interface for doing remote calls.
Keyword args are passed as query parameters.
url = target_urls[target]
user, passwd = auth_info[target]
proto,host,port=url_re.match(url).groups()
if port:
port = int(port[1:]) # remove the ':' ...
else:
port = 443
creds = base64.encodestring(%s:%s % (user, passwd))
headers = {Authorization: Basic %s % creds }
params = urlencode(kw).strip()
if params:
url = '%s?%s' % (url, params)
body = None # only needed for POST
args =('GET', url, body, headers)
print ARGS: %s %
Re: Programming Language for Systems Administrator
beliavsky == beliavsky [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: beliavsky The key difference between the Unix approach and the beliavsky MSH one is that rather than creating a pipeline based beliavsky on textual input and output, MSH passes data between beliavsky the various commandlets as arbitrary objects. They clearly read my rant from last summer http://groups.google.com/groups?threadm=du7brj2mpg9.fsf%40mozart.cc.tut.fi ;-) -- Ville Vainio http://tinyurl.com/2prnb -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to explain such codes, python's bug or mine?
MaHahaXixi wrote: j = range(20) print j [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19] for k in j: if k = 10: j.remove(k) print j [1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19] Python 2.3.4 (#53, May 25 2004, 21:17:02) [MSC v.1200 32 bit (Intel)] on win32 Type copyright, credits or license() for more information. i think python do convert there codes to such style: for (i = 0; i len(j); i++) k = j[i] .. what do u think? I'm not quite sure of your question but with the second style you're not attempting to change the original list but make a copy. That's perfectly easy to do in Python as it is. The exampmle is a cautionary one about changing the list on which you are iterating. Jim -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Compute pi to base 12 using Python?
Bengt Richter wrote at 03:19 4/13/2005: On Wed, 13 Apr 2005 02:06:11 -0700, Dick Moores [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I need to figure out how to compute pi to base 12, to as many digits as possible. I found this reference, http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Base.html, but I really don't understand it well enough. Could someone show me how to do what I need? Thanks, Dick Moores [EMAIL PROTECTED] See if this is enough digits for homework? ;-) This is not homework, nor am I a student, though I am trying to learn Python. I'm just trying to help an artist acquaintance who needs (I just learned) the first 3003 digits of pi to the base 12. Hint: Lambert Meertens. Tweak the algorithm you find ;-) Sorry. Your hint is beyond me. Dick Moores [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
for line in file weirdness
Hello, here's a strange bug (?) I've came across (using Python 2.2): # loop_1 for line in file: if some_condition(line): break do_something() # loop_2 for line in file: do_something_else() The problem is, that loop_2 doesn't resume where loop_1 left off, but skips many lines (a block's worth or so) before continuing. Why is this? Is reading from a file non-reentrant? It is always possible to slurp the whole file content into a list, and then iterate through the list, but I want to handle HUGE files too. Thanks, -cpghost. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Compute pi to base 12 using Python?
# [EMAIL PROTECTED] / 2005-04-13 03:27:06 -0700: Bengt Richter wrote at 03:19 4/13/2005: This is not homework, nor am I a student, though I am trying to learn Python. I'm just trying to help an artist acquaintance who needs (I just learned) the first 3003 digits of pi to the base 12. Hint: Lambert Meertens. Tweak the algorithm you find ;-) Sorry. Your hint is beyond me. it says use google. -- How many Vietnam vets does it take to screw in a light bulb? You don't know, man. You don't KNOW. Cause you weren't THERE. http://bash.org/?255991 -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python documentation moronicities (continued)
Seems like criticising the manual is som kind of heresy. So be it. You know, the Re documentation contains many pages. Ufortunately I didn't dwell with the first introductory paragraph, I was trying to solve a particular problem. I'm not that used to looking for links to external sources in the manual either. Unable? I wasn't looking for a Howto in the manual. And frankly, 'python regex howto in Google is quicker way. Of course I cannot suggest a better place for the link. Writing technical documents always trigger the question: Who is the audience. I accept that I may not be the primary audience. If I should suggest anything, it would be that the examples section is expanded. Generally: I have got my experiences with the Python Manual over the the last 30 months Python beeing my preferred language. One of them is that I have to look elsewhere. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to explain such codes, python's bug or mine?
Hi The second style can be used: j = range(20) print j L = [x for x in j if x 10] j = L There are another method such poping the item based on last index to 0: for i in range(len(j)-1,0-1,-1): if j[i]=10: j.pop(i) print j Pujo -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: args attribute of Exception objects
Did I misunderstand the problem again? Hmmm, yes ! But I think I am not expressing clearly my concern :-) So my problem is that default exception are badly designed in their use of their args attribute. I know it is possible to subclass Exception as every object and add the attributes I want with the name I want, etc... BUT, some (if not most) default exceptions in __builtins__ use the args attribute and put a string in it without delivering interesting information about the exception. So 1) I think it is nice to keep args as name for the attribute as it avoids looking at the documentation for looking at each specific exception/attribute name. 2) but args should be more cleverly designed (again, I am speaking about exceptions in __builtins__ not user defined exceptions) and not be a simple string. Now, forcing user to avoid using default exceptions (i.e. force them to use user defined exceptions) for anything but interactive use or debugging is short minded (nobody says that, but the current situation implies that). Anyway, I log this as request on SF. Best regards, Sed -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Compute pi to base 12 using Python?
Dick Moores wrote: I need to figure out how to compute pi to base 12, to as many digits as possible. I found this reference, http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Base.html, but I really don't understand it well enough. How many stars are in *? You probably answered 25. This means that, for convenience, you've broken down the row of stars into ** + ** + *, that is, 2 tens with 5 left over, which the base-10 numeral system denotes as 25. But there's no reason other than tradition why you should arrange them into groups of 10. For example, you could write it as + + + *, or 3 eights plus 1. In octal (base-8) notation, this is written as 31; the tens place in octal represents eights. In general, in the base-r numeral system, the nth digit to the left of the ones digit represents r^n. For example, in the binary number 11001, the place values for each digit are, right to left, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16, so the number as a whole represents 1×16+1×8+0×4+0×2+1×1=16+8+1=25. This analogous to 25=2×10+5 in base-10. It's also possible to write it as 3×8+0×4+0×2+1×1 = 3001 base 2, but by convention, base-r only uses the digits in range(r). This ensures a unique represenation for each number. This makes 11001 the unique binary representation for decimal 25. Note that for bases larger than 10, the digits will be numbers that are not single digits in base 10. By convention, letters are used for larger digits: A=10, B=11, C=12, ... Z=35. For example, the number (dec) 2005 = 1×12³+1×12²+11×12+1×1 is represented in base-12 by 11B1. Fractions are handled in a similar manner. The nth place to the right of the radix point (i.e., the decimal point, but that term is inaccurate for bases other than ten) represents the value radix**(-n). For example, in binary, 0.1 = 1/2 = dec. 0.5 0.01 = 1/4 = dec. 0.25 0.11 = 1/2 + 1/4 = 3/4 = dec. 0.75 0.001 = 1/8 = dec. 0.125 0.01010101... = 1/4 + 1/16 + 1/64 + ... = 1/3 0.0001100110011... = 1/10 = dec. 0.1 The last row explains why Python gives: 0.1 0.10001 Most computers store floating-point numbers in binary, which doesn't have a finite representation for one-tenth. The above result is rounded to 53 signficant bits (1.100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011010×2^-4), which is exactly equivalent to decimal 0.155511151231257827021181583404541015625, but gets rounded to 17 significant digits for display. Similarly, in base-12: 0.1 = 1/12 0.14 = 1/12 + 4/144 = 1/9 0.16 = 1/12 + 6/144 = 1/8 0.2 = 2/12 = 1/6 0.3 = 3/12 = 1/4 0.4 = 4/12 = 1/3 0.6 = 6/12 = 1/2 0.8 = 8/12 = 2/3 0.9 = 9/12 = 3/4 0.A = 10/12 = 5/6 Notice that several common fractions have simpler representations in base-12 than in base-10. For this reason, there are people who believe that base-12 is superior to base-10. (http://www.dozenalsociety.org.uk) Could someone show me how to do what I need? You'll need 3 things: (1) An algorithm for computing approximations of pi. The simplest one is 4*(1-1/3+1/5-1/7+1/9-1/11+...), which is based on the Taylor series expansion of 4*arctan(1). There are other, faster ways. Search Google for them. (2) An unlimited-precision numeric representation. The standard float isn't good enough: It has only 53 bits of precision, which is only enough for 14 base-12 digits. The decimal module will probably work, although of course its base-10 internal representation will introduce slight inaccuracies. (3) A function for converting numbers to their base-12 representation. For integers, this can be done with: DIGITS = 0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ def itoa(num, radix=10): is_negative = False if num 0: is_negative = True num = -num digits = [] while num = radix: num, last_digit = divmod(num, radix) digits.append(DIGITS[last_digit]) digits.append(DIGITS[num]) if is_negative: digits.append(-) digits.reverse() return ''.join(digits) For a floating-point number x, the representation with d decimal places count be found by taking the representation of int(round(x * radix ** d)) and inserting a . d places from the right. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python documentation moronicities (continued)
runes wrote: Seems like criticising the manual is som kind of heresy. So be it. Don't think so, but this being open source I suspect that Fredrik was trying to get them improved. You know, the Re documentation contains many pages. Ufortunately I didn't dwell with the first introductory paragraph, I was trying to solve a particular problem. I'm not that used to looking for links to external sources in the manual either. Unable? I wasn't looking for a Howto in the manual. And frankly, 'python regex howto in Google is quicker way. Right, so you found what you needed, you just think it should be referenced from the main docs. I think this is a good idea. Of course I cannot suggest a better place for the link. Come on, of course you can. All you need to say is whereabouts in the re documentation it should mention the How-To. Writing technical documents always trigger the question: Who is the audience. I accept that I may not be the primary audience. If I should suggest anything, it would be that the examples section is expanded. Again, you would be a good candidate to suggest changes, since you've just been learning that part of Python. Generally: I have got my experiences with the Python Manual over the the last 30 months Python beeing my preferred language. One of them is that I have to look elsewhere. But anyone is allowed to suggest improvements. Please don't be deterred because you think people were trying to put you off. The documentation contains links for suggesting improvements. That is a working channel for criticism and suggestion (and it's how many others first got their names in the python documentation, including myself). See http://docs.python.org/doc/doc.html http://docs.python.org/doc/about.html regards Steve -- Steve Holden+1 703 861 4237 +1 800 494 3119 Holden Web LLC http://www.holdenweb.com/ Python Web Programming http://pydish.holdenweb.com/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Programming Language for Systems Administrator
Kanthi Kiran Narisetti wrote: Hi All, Thank You for your suggestionsI request you all to eloborate the Uses(In Practical) for systems administrator.Some of my questions regarding the same follows. 1)Can i build web applications in Python ? If so how. I am planning to build a web application for intranet use which deals with workflow of Internal office communication. Look here: http://www.python.org/moin/WebProgramming 2)Which is best opensource database to be used with Python ? I personally think that Firebird is a very good Database: http://www.firebirdsql.org/ http://kinterbasdb.sourceforge.net/ 3)When i write a remote execution script in python is it required that python should be installed in remote system. 4)I heard about Perl/CGI and that CGI application done by python too.Is CGI still valid when PHP has taken over the WebApplication Development, Dominating. Sorry if these questions are out of this group , but answers to these ? will help me a lot. Thanks in Advance Kanthi. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: os.path.walk
Tony Meyer wrote: If I have os.path.walk(name, processDirectory, None) and processDirectory needs three arguments how can I ass them because walk only takes 3? Assuming that processDirectory is a function of yours that returns a bool, then you'd do something like: os.path.walk(name, processDirectory(a,b,c)) Where a, b, and c are the arguments that processDirectory requires. (You can add the None parameter to the os.path.walk call, but it won't change anything, since it's the default). Tony: I think if you try this you will find that it doesn't work because os.path.walk will try to call the *result* of processDirectory(a,b,c) for each directory in the path. You could, however, write a doDirectory() function that called processDirectory() when os.path.walk called *it*. regards Steve -- Steve Holden+1 703 861 4237 +1 800 494 3119 Holden Web LLC http://www.holdenweb.com/ Python Web Programming http://pydish.holdenweb.com/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Northampton, UK
Martin Franklin wrote: Fuzzyman wrote: Just on the off chance I thought I'd ask if there were any Pythoneers out there local to Northampton UK ? Best Regards, Fuzzy http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python I'm just over the border (Bedfordshire) but like a lot of people commute :-( Compared to most people on this list, you're practically next door :-) I've just discovered the Python-UK mailing list. Hurrah. Best Regards, Fuzzy http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to explain such codes, python's bug or mine?
yes. i think it does so. it take me the whole afternoon to find out the bug (mine) i change: for i in range(len(j) -1, -1, -1): d = j[i] if d = 10: j.remove(d) the real code is not so simple,so j[11:] will not work for me. but, i think phthon could found that i remove the current element, why it does not move the pointer automatically? for python, i am a newbie, but i did not found the warning of such usage from the python tutorial [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Hi, it is not python bug. You refer the list j and remove the element in the same time, that is the problem. Python dinamicaly goes to the next element with the same index but apply it in the new list. use this code instead: j = range(20) print j L = [x for x in j if x 10] print L Sincerely Yours, Pujo -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Has Python 2.4.1 changed implementation for __init__.py???
Hallo, I just downloaded http://www.python.org/pypi/xexpr/0.02, installed if (python setup.py install) and tried the example in the README file. Than I got following error: AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'Read' This is same behavior for all module using empty __init__.pr files, like venster, Pyrex or libxmlmods... Is there a change in the implementation, so that every module needs an explicit list for exchanged modules? Or is there a switch or an environment variable to change? Thanks a lot Werner EXAMPLE Python 2.4.1 (#65, Mar 30 2005, 09:13:57) [MSC v.1310 32 bit (Intel)] on win32 Type help, copyright, credits or license for more information. import xexpr example = 'foo a=b c=dbarbaz a=d /Blah/bar/foo' xexpr.Read.to_xexpr(example) Traceback (most recent call last): File stdin, line 1, in ? AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'Read' -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Compute pi to base 12 using Python?
Dan Bishop wrote at 04:07 4/13/2005: (3) A function for converting numbers to their base-12 representation. For integers, this can be done with: DIGITS = 0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ def itoa(num, radix=10): is_negative = False if num 0: is_negative = True num = -num digits = [] while num = radix: num, last_digit = divmod(num, radix) digits.append(DIGITS[last_digit]) digits.append(DIGITS[num]) if is_negative: digits.append(-) digits.reverse() return ''.join(digits) I see this works perfectly for integers. Thanks! For a floating-point number x, the representation with d decimal places count be found by taking the representation of int(round(x * radix ** d)) and inserting a . d places from the right. But I'm sorry, but I can't follow you. I do have the first 1 or so places of pi base 10 (http://mathwithmrherte.com/pi_digits.htm), but could you show me what to do with, say, just 3.14159? I apologize for being so dense. Dick Moores [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: for line in file weirdness
Cordula's Web [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: here's a strange bug (?) I've came across (using Python 2.2): # loop_1 for line in file: if some_condition(line): break do_something() # loop_2 for line in file: do_something_else() The problem is, that loop_2 doesn't resume where loop_1 left off, but skips many lines (a block's worth or so) before continuing. Why is this? Is reading from a file non-reentrant? as mentioned in the documentation, the iterator interface (which is used by the for-in machiner) uses a read-ahead buffer. in 2.2, whenever you enter a new loop, a new read-ahead buffer is created, and it starts where the last one ended, rather than right after the last line you read. to get more reliable results in 2.2, you can create the iterator outside the loop, and loop over the iterator object instead of the file itself. file = iter(open(...)) for line in file: if some_condition(line): break do_something() for line in file: do_something_else() (iirc, this quirk was fixed in 2.3) /F -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Has Python 2.4.1 changed implementation for __init__.py???
Werner Merkl wrote: I just downloaded http://www.python.org/pypi/xexpr/0.02, installed if (python setup.py install) and tried the example in the README file. Than I got following error: AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'Read' This is same behavior for all module using empty __init__.pr files, like venster, Pyrex or libxmlmods... if xexpr is a package with an empty __init__.py file, the behaviour you're seeing is the expected behaviour. importing a toplevel module doesn't auto- matically import any submodules. Is there a change in the implementation, so that every module needs an explicit list for exchanged modules? what's an exchanged module? EXAMPLE Python 2.4.1 (#65, Mar 30 2005, 09:13:57) [MSC v.1310 32 bit (Intel)] on win32 Type help, copyright, credits or license for more information. import xexpr example = 'foo a=b c=dbarbaz a=d /Blah/bar/foo' xexpr.Read.to_xexpr(example) Traceback (most recent call last): File stdin, line 1, in ? AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'Read' does it work better if you type import xexpr.Read before you call the to_xexpr function? /F -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: for line in file weirdness
I think what you need to do is to have a nested if_else statment:
for line in filelines:
if some_condition : break
else: do_something_else
If the if statment is excuted then break return to for_loop
else do something different then return to for_loop.
When I read from a file I read the whole file into a variable then
work form the variable
file = open('InputString','r') # open file
for reading only
filelines = map(string.strip,file.readlines()) #remove newlines
for string
Then you can just use the variable filelines and loop through as much
as you like. If I can help you can email me at [EMAIL PROTECTED]
I also use SKYPE username servando_garcia
Hope this helped.
Cordula's Web wrote:
Hello,
here's a strange bug (?) I've came across (using Python 2.2):
# loop_1
for line in file:
if some_condition(line): break
do_something()
# loop_2
for line in file:
do_something_else()
The problem is, that loop_2 doesn't resume where loop_1 left off, but
skips many lines (a block's worth or so) before continuing.
Why is this? Is reading from a file non-reentrant?
It is always possible to slurp the whole file content into a list,
and
then iterate through the list, but I want to handle HUGE files too.
Thanks,
-cpghost.
--
Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/
--
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terminate exectutioin in PythonWin
Hi all 1.Could someone tell me how to terminate execution in PythonWin? 2.Can anyone recommend a free development environment in which you can save your workspace (e.g. open files, debugging breakpoints etc.) Jim -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: [perl-python] Python documentation moronicities (continued)
Pokerface schrieb: Gotta say, is we let this man write the docs for us, they'll sure as sugar be more colorful than the ones we presently have, even if he doesn't manage to make them better. The [insert relation]ing Python interpreter is usually installed as /usr/local/bin/python on those g*dd*mn machines where it is available; putting /usr/local/bin in your ing Unix shell's search path makes it possible to start it by typing the command python to the shell. F***er. Please think of people with other native languages who can possibly read the existing documentation without a dictionary but would certainly need one for this. Koczian -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Has Python 2.4.1 changed implementation for __init__.py???
Fredrik Lundh wrote: Werner Merkl wrote: I just downloaded http://www.python.org/pypi/xexpr/0.02, installed if (python setup.py install) and tried the example in the README file. Than I got following error: AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'Read' This is same behavior for all module using empty __init__.pr files, like venster, Pyrex or libxmlmods... if xexpr is a package with an empty __init__.py file, the behaviour you're seeing is the expected behaviour. importing a toplevel module doesn't auto- matically import any submodules. Oh, I see. I have to write: import xexpr.Read Now it works... Is there a change in the implementation, so that every module needs an explicit list for exchanged modules? what's an exchanged module? Oops! This should say every module... Thanx a lot Werner EXAMPLE Python 2.4.1 (#65, Mar 30 2005, 09:13:57) [MSC v.1310 32 bit (Intel)] on win32 Type help, copyright, credits or license for more information. import xexpr example = 'foo a=b c=dbarbaz a=d /Blah/bar/foo' xexpr.Read.to_xexpr(example) Traceback (most recent call last): File stdin, line 1, in ? AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'Read' does it work better if you type import xexpr.Read before you call the to_xexpr function? /F -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to explain such codes, python's bug or mine?
MaHahaXixi [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: for python, i am a newbie, but i did not found the warning of such usage from the python tutorial 4.2 for Statements It is not safe to modify the sequence being iterated over in the loop (this can only happen for mutable sequence types, such as lists). If you need to modify the list you are iterating over (for example, to duplicate selected items) you must iterate over a copy. (followed by an example) /F -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: terminate exectutioin in PythonWin
1) To exit any application: import sys sys.exit(0) 2) I'm not familiar with any of these development systems. I use what comes with ActiveState's PythonWin. It does have debugging breakpoints, etc. Larry Bates Jim wrote: Hi all 1.Could someone tell me how to terminate execution in PythonWin? 2.Can anyone recommend a free development environment in which you can save your workspace (e.g. open files, debugging breakpoints etc.) Jim -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python documentation moronicities (continued)
runes wrote: Generally: I have got my experiences with the Python Manual over the the last 30 months Python beeing my preferred language. One of them is that I have to look elsewhere. I've gotten great help from this newsgroup. By following these steps: 1. Read the docs at http://docs.python.org/modindex.html 2. Trail Error testing. 3. If 2 doesn't work or if I don't fully understand how it's working, I post a message here asking for help and clarification. I've never been disappointed with the help I've received here. There will always be a few wise guys who like to make snide remarks and give arrogant answers, but it has been my experience that 95% of the people who answer do so with a very helpful, encouraging attitude. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Compute pi to base 12 using Python?
In article [EMAIL PROTECTED], Dan Bishop [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: But there's no reason other than tradition why you should arrange them into groups of 10. Well, it is traditional for people to have 10 fingers :-) Other fun things to think about are negative bases. For example, 3(10) = 111(-2). That's 1*(-2)^2 + 1*(-2)^1 + 1*(-2)^0 = 4 - 2 + 1. I can't think of any use for negative bases, but they are a fun game to play with (if you're into that sort of stuff). Non-integer bases are fun too. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: terminate exectutioin in PythonWin
Larry Bates wrote: 1) To exit any application: import sys sys.exit(0) ... Thanks Larry. Actually I meant how do I stop a program running that I have started in the interpreter. If I get into an infinite loop I can't stop it without qutting PythonWin. Then I have to open all the files and re-insert breakpoints etc. :( Jim -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
preallocate list
Hi all Is this the best way to preallocate a list of integers? listName = range(0,length) What about non integers? I've just claimed in the newsgroup above that pre-allocating helps but I might be getting confused with matlab ;) If I have a file with a floating point number on each line, what is the best way of reading them into a list (or other ordered structure)? I was iterating with readline and appending to a list but it is taking ages. Jim -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python 2.4 killing commercial Windows Python development ?
Raymond Hettinger wrote: [Robin Becker] People have mentioned the older v6 build scripts/tools still work. Last time I tried they seemed a bit out of date. I routinely use the current CVS to build Py2.4 and Py2.5 with MSC6. It is effortless and I've had no problems. Raymond Hettinger I wonder if it is maintained though. Last time I tried I think I had to move it one level up to be correct for some of the python/my extension locations, but perhaps I misremember. -- Robin Becker -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python 2.4 killing commercial Windows Python development ?
Peter Hansen wrote: The last I recall reading in this forum was that the regular distribution is compiled with a copy of the compiler *provided by* Microsoft. On re-reading, I see this might not be clear enough. By 'provided by' I meant *donated by*, as in given free (apparently) to the PSF or at least to one of the core developers for the purpose of compiling Python itself. Given the nature of Python, one might see this as an implicit comment about the status of the two key DLL files in question and how concerned Microsoft is (or is not) about their possible widespread distribution in software whose authors didn't directly pay MS for the compiler. A Google search might reveal the message in which I read that, posted a few months ago I believe. -Peter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: os.path.walk
Micheal wrote: If I have os.path.walk(name, processDirectory, None) and processDirectory needs three arguments how can I ass them because walk only takes 3? The best answer to this is: if you aren't stuck using a version of Python prior to 2.4, don't use os.path.walk but use os.walk() instead... -Peter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
isbntools. (python script to download book informaiton)
Hello, I am trying to make up a catalogue of my books. I found tools on isbntools.com in python. YAY i thought. Something happens! But I cant seem to get the part to download the books information from amazon.com working correctly. It connects, but I think the regular expressions used in the code aren't upto date(amazon has changed the form or html code). I was wondering has anyone hacked around with it to get it working. Thanks. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Is socket.shutdown(1) useless
Issues of socket programming can be wierd, so I'm looking for some comments. In my python books I find exclusive use of socket.close(). From my other readings, I know about a partial close operation. So, I figured it would be useful to post some code about how socket.close() has an implicit send in it and you can actually gain some clarity by being more explicit with the partial close which means splitting socket.close() up into socket.shutdown(1) and socket.close(). And got a response in essence saying, why bother, socket.shutdown, isn't useful. Here is my thinking: With a standard socket.close(), the client closes the socket immediately after the implicit send. This means the client assumes it was ok to actually close the socket, independant of how the server reacts to that last bit of data. To me that is an assumption you may not always want to make. If, instead, the client does a socket.shutdown(1) to say it is done sending, it can still recv and wait for the server to respond with either: 1)yep, I agree you finished sending or 2)I know you are done,and I got your data, but I do not think you are done To me these seem like a very useful distinction, since now if the client cares, it can find out if it's final communication did matter. It helps avoid what I call the princess bride phenomenon of #2: You keep using that word. I do not think it means what you think it means. So, is this whole business with socket.shutdown mostly useless? So useless that I cannot find any mention of it in 2nd edition, Programming Python. john -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: preallocate list
Jim wrote: If I have a file with a floating point number on each line, what is the best way of reading them into a list (or other ordered structure)? I was iterating with readline and appending to a list but it is taking ages. Perhaps you should use readlines (notice the s) instead of readline. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: preallocate list
On 4/13/05, Jim [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Hi all
Is this the best way to preallocate a list of integers?
listName = range(0,length)
the 0 is unnecessary; range(length) does the same thing.
What about non integers?
arr = [myobject() for i in range(length)]
I've just claimed in the newsgroup above that pre-allocating helps but I
might be getting confused with matlab ;)
If I have a file with a floating point number on each line, what is the
best way of reading them into a list (or other ordered structure)?
I was iterating with readline and appending to a list but it is taking ages.
I would profile your app to see that it's your append which is taking
ages, but to preallocate a list of strings would look like:
[This is an average length string for i in range(approx_length)]
My guess is that it won't help to preallocate, but time it and let us
know. A test to back my guess:
import timeit, math
def test1():
lst = [0 for i in range(10)]
for i in xrange(10):
lst[i] = math.sin(i) * i
def test2():
lst = []
for i in xrange(10):
lst.append(math.sin(i) * i)
t1 = timeit.Timer('test1()', 'from __main__ import test1')
t2 = timeit.Timer('test2()', 'from __main__ import test2')
print time1: %f % t1.timeit(100)
print time2: %f % t2.timeit(100)
09:09 AM ~$ python test.py
time1: 12.435000
time2: 12.385000
Peace
Bill Mill
bill.mill at gmail.com
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: printing with wxPython
Yeah, There are two about printing... there is also an example in the wxDemo... but they all talk about printing text... In my case i need to print (or at least to make a print preview) a bitmap (or a panel...) Peter Hansen [EMAIL PROTECTED] ha scritto nel messaggio news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Fabio Pliger wrote: Hi! I'm using wxPython to handle my application gui.. So, I have a notebook widget and i have to print the object inside it's tab ... Maybe doing a preview before printing... I know that wx has many objects to handle printing.. i've tryied to use them, but i wasn't able to... Any hint? By now, i solved the problem saving a screenshot if the screen in an image(bmp) and then sending it to printer... (a print preview would be cool...) tnx Maybe the recipes on the wxPython wiki page would help: http://wiki.wxpython.org/index.cgi/RecipesOther There are at least two dealing with Printing. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: preallocate list
rbt wrote: Jim wrote: If I have a file with a floating point number on each line, what is the best way of reading them into a list (or other ordered structure)? I was iterating with readline and appending to a list but it is taking ages. Perhaps you should use readlines (notice the s) instead of readline. I don't know if I thought of that, but I'm tokenizing each line before adding to a list of lists. for line in f: factor = [] tokens = line.split() for i in tokens: factor.append(float(i)) factors.append(factor) Is this nasty? Jim -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: preallocate list
Just a correction:
snip
I would profile your app to see that it's your append which is taking
ages, but to preallocate a list of strings would look like:
[This is an average length string for i in range(approx_length)]
My guess is that it won't help to preallocate, but time it and let us
know. A test to back my guess:
import timeit, math
def test1():
lst = [0 for i in range(10)]
for i in xrange(10):
lst[i] = math.sin(i) * i
def test2():
lst = []
for i in xrange(10):
lst.append(math.sin(i) * i)
t1 = timeit.Timer('test1()', 'from __main__ import test1')
t2 = timeit.Timer('test2()', 'from __main__ import test2')
print time1: %f % t1.timeit(100)
print time2: %f % t2.timeit(100)
The results change slightly when I actually insert an integer, instead
of a float, with lst[i] = i and lst.append(i):
09:14 AM ~$ python test.py
time1: 3.352000
time2: 3.672000
The preallocated list is slightly faster in most of my tests, but I
still don't think it'll bring a large performance benefit with it
unless you're making a truly huge list.
I need to wake up before pressing send.
Peace
Bill Mill
--
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Re: preallocate list
Thanks for the suggestions. I guess I must ensure that this is my bottle neck. code def readFactorsIntoList(self,filename,numberLoads): factors = [] f = open(self.basedir + filename,'r') line = f.readline() tokens = line.split() columns = len(tokens) if int(columns) == number: for line in f: factor = [] tokens = line.split() for i in tokens: factor.append(float(i)) factors.append(loadFactor) else: for line in f: tokens = line.split() factors.append([float(tokens[0])] * number) return factors /code OK. I've just tried with 4 lines and the code works. With 11000 lines it uses all CPU for at least 30 secs. There must be a better way. Jim -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: database in python ?
On Tuesday 12 April 2005 04:54 pm, Pierre-Frédéric Caillaud wrote: Speaking of the manual, the mysql manual is quite... well... i don't quite find the word, but it has many sentences which sound like PR stuff. Like, we don't do this like you or anyone would expect, but there is a reason ! Embrace our school of thought, stop worrying about integrity ! Peace, my friend, etc. And the non-working examples posted in the user comments are nice to look at, too. The organization of the manual is a mess, too, it's often quite difficult to find what I seek. The postgres manual is just wonderful. Whereas the Postgresql manual starts with an explanation of how the universe was formed and goes on to a diatribe against anyone who ever works on a competing RDBMS because it wastes effort. Arrogance like that is stunning, and it destroys my confidence in the project itself if the people responsible for it think like that. I put it down at that point, myself. ;-) It would be nice to think that that has been since removed, but I haven't bothered to check. Actually, I'm exaggerating, but I certainly found the MySQL online manual vastly easier to read than the Postgresql documentation. That may not be a totally fair comparison, since I'm comparing the MySQL manual *now* to the Postgresql manual *then*. But then you all keep describing MySQL's 1990s feature set, including the licensing. I know I'm feeding the flamewar, but I can't resist, Yeah, well, as long as we don't take ourselves too seriously. ;-) once I came up on a post on the mysql website from a guy basically saying wow, the fulltext is so powerful, I can search this document set in only half a second ! and then the same day, on the postgres mailinglist, there was a message from a guy who was really upset because his full text search on something like 1000 times bigger would take more than one tenth a second, and that wan't really acceptable for him, and then several competent people responded and helped him make it work. That's interesting. Most sources I've read seemed to suggest that postgresql is slower than MySQL, at least for modest size tables. There must, I suppose, be some turnover point on the size of the database? Or are you arguing that postgresql is now faster than MySQL in the general case? Can you suggest sources for investigating that formally? It's just possible that I should reconsider Postgresql compatibility. I would assume that using the Python DB API would make portability between the two easier in any case, wouldn't it? Cheers, Terry -- Terry Hancock ( hancock at anansispaceworks.com ) Anansi Spaceworks http://www.anansispaceworks.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: preallocate list
Jim wrote: Thanks for the suggestions. I guess I must ensure that this is my bottle neck. ... for line in f: factor = [] tokens = line.split() for i in tokens: factor.append(float(i)) factors.append(loadFactor) ... You might try: factors = [ [float(item) for item in line.split()] for line in f ] avoiding the extra statements for appending to the lists. Also might try: factors = [ map(float, line.split()) for line in f ] though it uses the out-of-favour functional form for the mapping. Good luck, Mike Mike C. Fletcher Designer, VR Plumber, Coder http://www.vrplumber.com http://blog.vrplumber.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: terminate exectutioin in PythonWin
Jim, 1.Could someone tell me how to terminate execution in PythonWin? Use the Break into running code command on the context menu of the PythonWin icon in the bottom right of the taskbar. Neil -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: terminate exectutioin in PythonWin
Neil Hodgson wrote: Jim, 1.Could someone tell me how to terminate execution in PythonWin? Use the Break into running code command on the context menu of the PythonWin icon in the bottom right of the taskbar. Neil Great thanks! PythonWin isn't hot on keyboard shortcuts but ironically calls this a KeyboardInterrupt :| Know any keyboard shortcuts for debug view? e.g. open it, run(debug), step etc. Jim -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Scanner Access in Python
GMane Python wrote: I was hoping for a bit of advise. I wanted to know if anyone has any experience with scanning. I'm mostly using Windows. I tried quickly the pyTwain, but haven't gotten too far with that. I'm not sure if scanner access is built-in to other packages, such as maybe PIL or any others? the PIL source kit includes a contributed Sane interface. (I think binary RPM:s are available for some platforms, but I'm not sure). /F -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: sort of a beginner question about globals
I want to use OPTIONS as a global var. In this particular case I am trying to set a global debug constant so I can have some debug logging happen when my program is run with a -debug option. what will actuall end up in OPTIONS is OPTIONS.debug = True as i am using optparse module. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: preallocate list
what about : factors = [map(float, line.split()) for line in file] should be a hell of a lot faster and nicer. for line in f: factor = [] tokens = line.split() for i in tokens: factor.append(float(i)) factors.append(factor) Is this nasty? Jim -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Compute pi to base 12 using Python?
Dick Moores wrote: Dan Bishop wrote at 04:07 4/13/2005: ... For a floating-point number x, the representation with d decimal places count be found by taking the representation of int(round(x * radix ** d)) and inserting a . d places from the right. But I'm sorry, but I can't follow you. I do have the first 1 or so places of pi base 10 (http://mathwithmrherte.com/pi_digits.htm), but could you show me what to do with, say, just 3.14159? First, decide how many decimal places to use for the conversion. Five decimal digits is equivalent to 5*log(10)/log(12) = 4.63 base-12 digits, so use 4 digits. Next, multiply by 12**4, obtaining the value 65144.01024, and round to the nearest integer, 65144. Convert this to base 12, obtaining 31848. But this is 12**4 times the number we really want, so divide this by 12**4 (i.e., shift the radix point left 4 places), for a final result of 3.1848. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: sort of a beginner question about globals
fred.dixon wrote: I want to use OPTIONS as a global var. In this particular case I am trying to set a global debug constant so I can have some debug logging happen when my program is run with a -debug option. what will actuall end up in OPTIONS is OPTIONS.debug = True as i am using optparse module. Why not just make options a module? Then you can do something like: - options.py - debug = False -- - file1.py - import file2 import options options.debug = True a = file2.class1() a.func1() - file2.py - import options class class1(object): def func1(self): if options.debug: print 'Debugging' pass Note that if you're trying to output debugging messges, you should really look into the logging module instead. STeVe -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: os.path.walk
Peter Hansen wrote: Micheal wrote: If I have os.path.walk(name, processDirectory, None) and processDirectory needs three arguments how can I ass them because walk only takes 3? The best answer to this is: if you aren't stuck using a version of Python prior to 2.4, don't use os.path.walk but use os.walk() instead... I believe os.walk was introduced in 2.3 (according to the docs[1]), so unless you're using a really old Python, you should be able to use it. I also agree that os.walk is *much* simpler. STeVe [1] http://docs.python.org/lib/os-file-dir.html#l2h-1628 -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: database in python ?
Terry Hancock wrote: [...] That's interesting. Most sources I've read seemed to suggest that postgresql is slower than MySQL, at least for modest size tables. There must, I suppose, be some turnover point on the size of the database? Or are you arguing that postgresql is now faster than MySQL in the general case? Can you suggest sources for investigating that formally? It's just possible that I should reconsider Postgresql compatibility. I would assume that using the Python DB API would make portability between the two easier in any case, wouldn't it? Cheers, Terry -- Terry Hancock ( hancock at anansispaceworks.com ) Anansi Spaceworks http://www.anansispaceworks.com I don't know about the whole picture, but I know form evidence on this group that there are PostgreSQL driver modules (the name psycopg comes to mind, but this may be false memory) that appear to take diabolical liberties with DBAPI-2.0, whereas my experience with MySQLdb has been that I can interchange the driver with mxODBC (for example) as a drop-in replacement (modulo the differing paramstyles :-(). regards Steve -- Steve Holden+1 703 861 4237 +1 800 494 3119 Holden Web LLC http://www.holdenweb.com/ Python Web Programming http://pydish.holdenweb.com/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Codig style: or
Hi! Suppose you're writing a module writing the definition of each function in that module in or . for example: a) This function does this that or: b) This function does blah blah blah What are the differences between and ? I'm using gedit I wanna know a bit about coding style. To be very honest: I have a very strict boss who looks for bugs in my codes he insists to know exactly which 'CODING STYLE AUTHORITATIVE SOURCE' I've based my coding style on when using or . Can anybody out there give me some hint? Can anybody tell me where to find a document on python coding style. tnx, Sara __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Small Business - Try our new resources site! http://smallbusiness.yahoo.com/resources/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
A Question About Handling SIGINT With Threads
I got this to work, but was hoping there was a better way. I was hoping that I wouldn't have to use globals. I wouldn't doubt that I could be totally off in what I am doing. Here is some psuedo-code of what I did: def main_thread(): # Don't know how to get rid of these guys global lock global my_thread # Set up a signal handler for Ctrl-C signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, sighdlr) # Create start thread lock = thread.allocate_lock() lock.acquire() my_thread = threading.Thread( target=child_thread, name='thread_test', args=(lock,) my_thread.start() do_some_work_here() # Tell thread to stop working lock.release() # Wait for child thread to finish my_thread.join() def child_thread(lock): while lock.locked(): do_some_stuff() do_some_cleanup() def sighdlr(signum, frame): # Allow child to finish lock.release() my_thread.join() sys.exit(1) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: preallocate list
Jim wrote: Thanks for the suggestions. I guess I must ensure that this is my bottle neck. code def readFactorsIntoList(self,filename,numberLoads): factors = [] f = open(self.basedir + filename,'r') line = f.readline() tokens = line.split() columns = len(tokens) if int(columns) == number: for line in f: factor = [] tokens = line.split() for i in tokens: factor.append(float(i)) factors.append(loadFactor) else: for line in f: tokens = line.split() factors.append([float(tokens[0])] * number) return factors /code OK. I've just tried with 4 lines and the code works. With 11000 lines it uses all CPU for at least 30 secs. There must be a better way. Was your test on *just* this function? Or were you doing something with the list produced by this function as well? STeVe -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: sort of a beginner question about globals
how would i use the following if OPTIONS was in a module ? --- from optparse import OptionParser usage = usage: %prog [options] arg parser = OptionParser(usage) parser.add_option(-d, --debug, ction=store_true, dest=verbose) (OPTIONS = parser.parse_args() ps Im not anywhere near my program right now just doing some kunch time surfing. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: terminate exectutioin in PythonWin
Jim wrote: [...] Actually I meant how do I stop a program running that I have started in the interpreter. If I get into an infinite loop I can't stop it without qutting PythonWin. Then I have to open all the files and re-insert breakpoints etc. :( Jim Look in the system tray! Right-mouse on the Python and select break into running program. regards Steve -- Steve Holden+1 703 861 4237 +1 800 494 3119 Holden Web LLC http://www.holdenweb.com/ Python Web Programming http://pydish.holdenweb.com/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Codig style: or
Sara Khalatbari [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: What are the differences between and ? The triple-quote form lets you write multi-line quoted strings: This function does a lot of neat stuff. It takes many lines of text to describe what it does. Multiple paragraphs, even. To be very honest: I have a very strict boss who looks for bugs in my codes he insists to know exactly which 'CODING STYLE AUTHORITATIVE SOURCE' I've based my coding style on when using or . Show him PEP-8 (http://www.python.org/peps/pep-0008.html). PEP-8, in turn, references a few other style PEPs. If adopting them wholesale as authoritative is all you need to keep your PHB happy, go for it. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Is socket.shutdown(1) useless
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: In my python books I find exclusive use of socket.close(). From my other readings, I know about a partial close operation. So, I figured it would be useful to post some code about how socket.close() has an implicit send in it and you can actually gain some clarity by being more explicit with the partial close which means splitting socket.close() up into socket.shutdown(1) and socket.close(). And got a response in essence saying, why bother, socket.shutdown, isn't useful. I had to use socket.shutdown once because the socket architecture we had relied on sending a piece of data, waiting for it to be processed, and then receiving a result back. The server on the other end of the socket wouldn't process anything until it was sure that all data had been sent. So our code basically looked like: s = socket.socket(...) s.connect(...) s.send(...) s.shutdown(1) data = s.makefile().read() s.close() STeVe -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Codig style: or
Sara Khalatbari wrote:
Hi!
Suppose you're writing a module writing the
definition of each function in that module in or
.
for example:
a) This function does this that
or:
b) This function does blah blah blah
What are the differences between and ?
I'm using gedit I wanna know a bit about coding
style.
To be very honest: I have a very strict boss who looks
for bugs in my codes he insists to know exactly
which 'CODING STYLE AUTHORITATIVE SOURCE' I've based
my coding style on when using or .
Can anybody out there give me some hint?
Can anybody tell me where to find a document on python
coding style.
Triple quotes allow you to have quotes inside the string. I tend to use
triple quotes if I'm writing text of any length, that way I dont need to
change anything if I do need to insert a quote. I dont think its a
matter of coding style, its purely a practical issue. If your PHB
insists on consistency, I would just use
Will McGugan
--
http://www.willmcgugan.com
.join( [ {'*':'@','^':'.'}.get(c,None) or chr(97+(ord(c)-84)%26) for c
in jvyy*jvyyzpthtna^pbz ] )
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Codig style: or
On 4/13/05, Sara Khalatbari [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi! Suppose you're writing a module writing the definition of each function in that module in or . for example: a) This function does this that or: b) This function does blah blah blah What are the differences between and ? I'm using gedit I wanna know a bit about coding style. To be very honest: I have a very strict boss who looks for bugs in my codes he insists to know exactly which 'CODING STYLE AUTHORITATIVE SOURCE' I've based my coding style on when using or . Can anybody out there give me some hint? Can anybody tell me where to find a document on python coding style. the authoritative coding style guide is pep 8: http://www.python.org/peps/pep-0008.html Of course, there are style points that are debatable, but for comments, you should definitely be using triple-quotes. Pep 8 points you to pep 257, which is all about docstrings: http://www.python.org/peps/pep-0257.html Peace Bill Mill bill.mill at gmail.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Kamaelia 0.1.2 Released
Kamaelia 0.1.2 has been released! What is it? === Kamaelia is a collection of Axon components designed for network protocol experimentation in a single threaded, select based environment. Axon components are python generators are augmented by inbox and outbox queues (lists) for communication in a communicating sequential processes (CSP) like fashion. The architecture is specifically designed to try and simplify the process of designing and experimenting with new network protocols in real environments. This release contains components allowing the creation of TCP based clients and servers, and includes a few (very) simple protocol handlers to show usage. Other components include vorbis decode and playback, asynchronous file reading, and equivalents of tee and strings. (Writing systems is much like building unix pipelines, hence the need for similar tools) The system is known to work under Linux, Mac OS X, Windows and a subset works on Series 60 mobiles. We've also started a weblog which will form an informal discussion forum for issues generally surrounding kamaelia. (We might put things like tutorials there for example) * http://kamaelia.sourceforge.net/cgi-bin/bl What's new in version 0.1.2 ? = Additionally tested under Windows ME, 2000 and Mac OS X, along with a subset tested on Series 60 mobiles and compatibility updates made as a result. Ability to make simple multicast servers, clients and transceivers added. Test harnesses for network servers tightened up. Collection of examples added in the Examples directory: * Example 1 : Contains a simple FortuneCookie protocol system. Includes a server and client as part of a single system. * Example 2 : This has much the same structure, but rather than serve and display fortune cookies, serves (ogg vorbis) audio over a TCP connection to a client which decodes and plays back the audio. * Example 3 : Splits the structure in example 2 into a specific server application and a client application. This puts the two halves at odds, *competing* with each other for CPU time. Thus if both are run on the same (single CPU) system you will hear audio breakage. If run on separate machines (as client and server(!)) you won't hear this. In practice, part of the issue is that there is no buffering in the receiver. * Example 4 : Simple multicast based streaming system. Since it uses raw ogg vorbis with no resends and no codebook facility, you will need to *start all the client machines first* and *then* the server. Uses the multicast transceiver object exclusively. Requirements * Python 2.3 or higher recommended, though please do report any bugs with 2.2. * Axon (Any released version, 1.0.3 recommended, 1.0.4 when released) * vorbissimple (if you want to use the vorbis decode component) (Both Axon and vorbissimple are separate parts of the Kamaelia project, and available at the same download location - see below) Platforms = Kamaelia has been used successfully under both Linux, Windows and Mac OS X. A subset of Kamaelia has been successfully tested on Series 60 Nokia mobiles when used with the Axon SERIES 60 branch. Where can I get it? === Web pages are here: http://kamaelia.sourceforge.net/Docs/ http://kamaelia.sourceforge.net/ (includes info on mailing lists) ViewCVS access is available here: http://cvs.sourceforge.net/viewcvs.py/kamaelia/ Weblog * http://kamaelia.sourceforge.net/cgi-bin/bl Licensing = Kamaelia is released under the Mozilla tri-license scheme (MPL/GPL/LGPL). Specifically you may choose to accept either the Mozilla Public License 1.1, the GNU General Public License 2.0 or the Lesser General Public License 2.1. Proprietary terms and conditions available upon request. Best Regards, Michael. -- [EMAIL PROTECTED] British Broadcasting Corporation, Research and Development Kingswood Warren, Surrey KT20 6NP This message (and any attachments) may contain personal views which are not the views of the BBC unless specifically stated. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
RE: Codig style: or
Try PEP 8, Guido's Style Guide: http://www.python.org/peps/pep-0008.html Good luck with your boss! *gina* -Original Message- From: Sara Khalatbari [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, April 13, 2005 11:13 AM To: Python List Subject: Codig style: or Hi! Suppose you're writing a module writing the definition of each function in that module in or . for example: a) This function does this that or: b) This function does blah blah blah What are the differences between and ? I'm using gedit I wanna know a bit about coding style. To be very honest: I have a very strict boss who looks for bugs in my codes he insists to know exactly which 'CODING STYLE AUTHORITATIVE SOURCE' I've based my coding style on when using or . Can anybody out there give me some hint? Can anybody tell me where to find a document on python coding style. tnx, Sara __ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Small Business - Try our new resources site! http://smallbusiness.yahoo.com/resources/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: database in python ?
postgresql is slower than MySQL, at least for modest size tables. There must, I When not using transactions, MySQL will blow away postgres in INSERT/UPDATE speed until the concurrency gets up a bit and the readers block writers strategy used by MyISAM starts to show its weaknesses. This is in agreement with mass hosting for instance, a lot of small databases on a mysql will not have concurrency problems. Of course when not using transactions you have to remind that your data is not secure, and any power crash might corrupt your database. Postgres on a RAID with battery backed up cache will no longer have to sync the disk on each transaction so it gets a lot faster, and you still have data security. You can also run it with fsync=off for a massive speedup in transactions per second but you lose data security. When using transactions (innodb) I've read that postgres is a bit faster. Regarding query optimization, for simple dumb queries like grabbing a row from a table, mysql will be a little faster (say 0.2 vs 0.3 ms), and for medium complex queries like joins on = 4 medium sized tables (10 K rows) postgres can be faster by anything from 1x to 1000x. I've seen it happen, the same query taking 0.5 seconds in my and 0.5 ms in postgres, simply because mysql can't plan it correctly. suppose, be some turnover point on the size of the database? Or are you arguing that postgresql is now faster than MySQL in the general case? Can you I'd suggest that on anything medium postgres will be a lot faster. I don't know about the whole picture, but I know form evidence on this group that there are PostgreSQL driver modules (the name psycopg comes to mind, but this may be false memory) that appear to take diabolical liberties with DBAPI-2.0, whereas my experience with MySQLdb has been that I can interchange the driver with mxODBC (for example) as a drop-in replacement (modulo the differing paramstyles :-(). psycopg is extremely fast and powerful, so it makes a lot more things that the dbapi says. I'd say that database independence is an utopia, once you start to use triggers and stored procedures and specific column types, you'll be more or less tied to one database, and doing this is necessary to get good performance and generally do things right. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: for line in file weirdness
A read-ahead buffer? Yes, that would explain it. Sorry, I missed this piece of information in the documentation. Thanks to all who replied. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: preallocate list
Steven Bethard wrote: Jim wrote: Thanks for the suggestions. I guess I must ensure that this is my bottle neck. code def readFactorsIntoList(self,filename,numberLoads): factors = [] f = open(self.basedir + filename,'r') line = f.readline() tokens = line.split() columns = len(tokens) if int(columns) == number: for line in f: factor = [] tokens = line.split() for i in tokens: factor.append(float(i)) factors.append(loadFactor) else: for line in f: tokens = line.split() factors.append([float(tokens[0])] * number) return factors /code OK. I've just tried with 4 lines and the code works. With 11000 lines it uses all CPU for at least 30 secs. There must be a better way. Was your test on *just* this function? Or were you doing something with the list produced by this function as well? Just this. I had a breakpoint on the return. I'm going to try peufeu's line of code and I'll report back. Jim -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: sort of a beginner question about globals
fred.dixon wrote: how would i use the following if OPTIONS was in a module ? --- from optparse import OptionParser usage = usage: %prog [options] arg parser = OptionParser(usage) parser.add_option(-d, --debug, ction=store_true, dest=verbose) (OPTIONS = parser.parse_args() Just have this code update the options module: import options ... opts, args = parser.parse_args() options.__dict__.update(opts.__dict__) STeVe -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Codig style: or
Sara Khalatbari wrote: Hi! Suppose you're writing a module writing the definition of each function in that module in or . for example: a) This function does this that or: b) This function does blah blah blah What are the differences between and ? I'm using gedit I wanna know a bit about coding style. To be very honest: I have a very strict boss who looks for bugs in my codes he insists to know exactly which 'CODING STYLE AUTHORITATIVE SOURCE' I've based my coding style on when using or . Can anybody out there give me some hint? Can anybody tell me where to find a document on python coding style. PEP 8: http://www.python.org/peps/pep-0008.html and for docstrings, PEP 257: http://www.python.org/peps/pep-0257.html which says: For consistency, always use triple double quotes around docstrings. STeVe -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
