ANN: Beginning Python (Practical Python 2.0)
I guess it has actually been out for a while -- I just haven't received my copies yet... Anyways: My book, Beginning Python: From Novice to Professional (Apress, 2005) is now out. It is an expanded and revised version of Practical Python (Apress, 2002). More information can be found at http://hetland.org/writing/beginning-python Thanks, - Magnus -- Magnus Lie HetlandPreparing to stand by. http://hetland.org-- Microsoft Windows -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-announce-list Support the Python Software Foundation: http://www.python.org/psf/donations.html
Re: write a loopin one line; process file paths
it will be added in 2.5 I beleve. At the moment, you can: predicate and true expression or false expression like : os.paths.exists(something) and print it is there or file not found I am practicing FP in python and it is in general doable with the help of itertools and add the needed functions as needed, like scanl/scanl1 etc. A few things I don't like about python for FP is that it relies heavily on exception which make these one liners not possible in many case. Example: a=[] a[0] would raise exception I usually prefer None as a special value which can be handled in normal flow(filter out, may be x is None and something or otherthing). But the liberal use of Exception force you to structure the program either in a very odd way(test with hasattr/haskey etc. before use) or needs lots of try/except blocks. I am using a python XHTML template Kid which relies on one-liner and found it very difficult. However, if you don't really need one-liner but just FP style to shorten the program, it is fine but I just find the try/except block quite ugly. Then there is the side effect of iterators/generators which unless you know can burn you badly(especially when you are chaining these objects in these multiple map/filter calls), as mentioned in another post. Xah Lee wrote: Thanks. Here's how the inner loop should be: imgPaths2=map(lambda x: (x, re.sub( r^(.+?)-s(\.[^.]+)$,r\1\2, x)), imgPaths) though, now i just need something like map( lambda x: os.path.exists(s)? x[1]:x[0],impPaths2) but Pyhton doesn't support the test ? trueResult : falseResult construct. (the semantic of this construct, of a conditional that RETURNS A EXPRESSION, all in one line, is important in functional programing. Perl supports it. In Mathematica, it's simply the form If[testExpr, trueExpr, falseExpr]. In lisp, similar: (if testExpr trueExpr falseExpr) ) is there a way to similate it? Xah [EMAIL PROTECTED] ∑ http://xahlee.org/ [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: what do you mean by one line ? Using map/filter, I believe it is possible. Somthing like: map(lambda (s,f): os.path.exists(f) and f or s, map(lambda x: (x, re.replace(x, -s,)), imgPaths) My regex is a bit rusty but I hope you got the idea of what I am trying to do. If there is a way to make the re return without destroying x, the outer map is not needed I believe(that is run it twice, once for getting the filename to do the testing, then again based on the testing result). -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Hygenic Macros
Hi, Thanks - this cookbook entry is very cool! I am somewhat worried about function call overhead from the infix hack though... on second consideration, the infix issue is not as important as eventually boosting the speed of the inner loop to which matrixmultiply() belongs. For those who are interested in things like fast math, I found http://www.scipy.org/documentation/weave/weaveperformance.html very eye-opening. For many of the examples cited there, it is possible to simply treat the source as a string and then do the necessary macro transformations before passing it off to a compiler... David Robert Kern wrote: David Pokorny wrote: Hi, Just wondering if anyone has considered macros for Python. I have one good use case. In R, the statistical programming language, you can multiply matrices with A %*% B (A*B corresponds to pointwise multiplication). In Python, I have to type import Numeric matrixmultiply(A,B) which makes my code almost unreadable. Well, dot(A, B) is better. But if you must: http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/384122 -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Microsoft Hatred FAQ
Roedy Green [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Tue, 18 Oct 2005 20:30:42 -0700, David Schwartz [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote or quoted : No, taken stupidly. Hint: would or would not MS executives disobeying the law constitute a betrayal of their obligation to their shareholders? You stated it literally as if making maximum profit for the shareholders were the only consideration in determining conduct. No, I did not. I said that their obligation is to their shareholders. If that is not what you mean, I think you need to hedge more. I was perfectly clear. This is a lot of deliberate misunderstanding going on in this thread and very little of it is from my side. DS -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Microsoft Hatred FAQ
Roedy Green [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Tue, 18 Oct 2005 20:34:55 -0700, David Schwartz [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote or quoted : As for obligations to community, no, there is no such obligation. An executive who devoted his company to his community against his shareholders' wishes should be fired. The company exists as a vehicle to execute the desires of the shareholders. That's why they get to vote on who runs it. Why should loyalty to company trump all other loyalties -- family, law, species, community, country, religion ... ? Perhaps you aren't following the thread, but I was talking about the obligations a company has, not the obligations any individual has. And I was talking about obligations *to* individuals. Your criticism would be very appropriate if I said that individuals only owe loyalty to companies. But what I said is that Microsoft (a company) owes an obligation to its shareholders (people). That is, that companies exist purely to benefit people. It is funny that your accusation is based on assuming I said exactly the opposite of what I actually said. DS -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Jargons of Info Tech industry
Xah Lee [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Rethink what you are saying. You'll see that what you propose as reasons for one, is actually for the other. Nonsense. It is plain error to change what someone said and claim they said it, even if you think that what you are changing isn't important. DS -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: UI toolkits for Python
Mike Meyer [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Alex Martelli) writes: Mike Meyer [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: What surprises me is that marketing types will accept turning away - what's the current internet user base? 200 million? - 10 million potential customers without a complaint. Or maybe they just don't get told that that's what's going on. In firms where marketing has lots of power, they may indeed well decide to pursue those 10 millions by demanding an expenditure of effort that's totally out of proportion What makes you think that the expenditure of effort is totally out of proportion? In my experience, that isn't the case - at least if you go into it planning on doing things that way. Retrofitting a site that was built without any thought but make it work in my favoriter browser in my favorite configuration can be a radically different thing. Why, of course -- coding a site to just one browser would be foolish (though there exist sites that follow that strategy, it's still despicable). What I'm talking about is sites that are _supposed_ to be able to support a dozen browsers, in three or four versions each, not to mention a dozen features each of which the user might have chosen to disable (for a total of 2**12 == 4096 possibilities). Of course, the site's poor authors cannot possibly have tested the 4096 * 12 * 3.5 possibilities, whence the _supposed_ to be. We ARE talking about moving from supporting 95% to supporting (*supposedly*!) 100%, after all -- very much into the long, *LONG* tail of obscure buggy versions of this browser or that, which SOME users within those last centiles may have forgotten to patch/upgrade, etc. And THAT is what makes the effort totally out of proportion (differently from the effort to go from 60% to 95%, which, while far from negligible, is well within sensible engineering parameters). Maybe that's part of the explanation for the outstanding success of some enterprises founded by engineers, led by engineers, and staffed overwhelmingly with engineers, competing with other firms where marketing wield power...? You mean like google? Until recently, they're an outstanding example of doing things right, and providing functionality that degrades gracefully as the clients capabilities go down. I'm not sure what you mean by until recently in this context. AFAIK, we've NEVER wasted our efforts by pouring them into the quixotic task of supporting *100%* of possible browsers that may hit us, with the near infinite number of combinations of browsers, versions and disabled feature that this would require. One may quibble whether the target percentage should be, say, 93%, 95%, or 97%, and what level of degradation can still be considered graceful around various axes, but the 100% goal which you so clearly imply above would, in my personal opinion, be simply foolish now, just as it would have been 3 years ago. Alex -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Microsoft Hatred FAQ
David Schwartz wrote: Roedy Green [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Tue, 18 Oct 2005 20:30:42 -0700, David Schwartz [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote or quoted : No, taken stupidly. Hint: would or would not MS executives disobeying the law constitute a betrayal of their obligation to their shareholders? You stated it literally as if making maximum profit for the shareholders were the only consideration in determining conduct. No, I did not. I said that their obligation is to their shareholders. As much as I hate to jump in on this thread, well I'm gonna... I think you'll find that companies have all manner of legal obligations. Certainly to their shareholders, but beyond that they have an obligation to their clients, who pay them for their services, and to any individual or entity which might be harmed by their actions. A classic case in point would be Philip Morris, who did everything they could to protect their shareholders, but who shirked their duty of care to their customers and the the public at large. They have since paid heavily for that failure. If that is not what you mean, I think you need to hedge more. I was perfectly clear. This is a lot of deliberate misunderstanding going on in this thread and very little of it is from my side. All that means to me is that your misunderstanding is not deliberate. g Luke -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: global interpreter lock
Thanks, PyThread_release_lock() is implemented in all thread_xxx.h files. So I thought right but specified my question like a stupid ;) //T -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Tkinter or Python issue?
On Tue, 18 Oct 2005 22:30:33 -0400, Ron Provost [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hello, I'm using python 2.4.2 on Win XP Pro. I'm trying to understand a behavior I'm seeing in some Tkinter code I have. I've reduced my question to a small piece of code: #BEGIN CODE # import Tkinter as Tk import tkFont sampleText = Here is a test string. This is more text Here is a second line of text. How much more can I type. I can't think of anything else to type. root = Tk.Tk( ) t = Tk.Text( root ) t.pack( ) t.insert( Tk.END, sampleText ) t.tag_config( 'AB', font=tkFont.Font( family='ariel', size=24, weight=tkFont.BOLD ) ) t.tag_config( 'TBU', font=tkFont.Font( family='times', size=10, weight=tkFont.BOLD, underline=1 ) ) Here is what I think is happening: - The first tag_config creates a font using tkFont.Font. At tcl level, this font is not known as an object as in Python, but just as a font name, which is a string. This name happens to be built using the internal identifier for the Python object. - Once this tag_config is over, no Python variable references your tkFont.Font instance anymore. It is is fact still known at tcl level (via the font name), but Python doesn't know that. So the reference counter for your tkFont.Font instance falls to 0, and the object is discarded. - The second tag_config seems to create a new font using tkFont.Font. Unfortunately, since the previous font has been discarded, the space occupied by this font is reused for the new font. So the new font happens to have the same internal identifier as the font object created by the first tkFont.Font. So its name is in fact the same as your previous font, and is registered as such at tcl level. So in fact, you didn't create a new font at tcl level, but modified the previous one. All this actually happens by accident. If you add something allocating some memory between the two tag_config, you'll certainly see your code working. It works when I run it myself... [snip] f1 = font=tkFont.Font( family='ariel', size=24, weight=tkFont.BOLD ) f2 = font=tkFont.Font( family='times', size=10, weight=tkFont.BOLD, underline=1 ) t.tag_config( 'AB', font=f1 ) t.tag_config( 'TBU', font=f2 ) You should now see why it works here: your first tkFont.Font is remembered at Python level in a variable. So it is not discarded once the tag_config is over. So the second tkFont.Font is not allocated at the same location, so it doesn't have the same id, and it doesn't have the same name at tcl level. This is the general solution to the problem: keep your fonts in Python variables, so they won't be discarded and their names will never be re-used. You could have written: f1 = font=tkFont.Font( family='ariel', size=24, weight=tkFont.BOLD ) t.tag_config( 'AB', font=f1 ) f2 = font=tkFont.Font( family='times', size=10, weight=tkFont.BOLD, underline=1 ) t.tag_config( 'TBU', font=f2 ) This should still work. The order is not important; it's just the fact that your fonts are actually known at Python level which prevents Tkinter to reuse their name. BTW, this is a variant of a well known problem biting newbies regularly, documented here: http://tkinter.unpythonic.net/wiki/Images It's basically the same problem for images: it does not suffice to reference an image at tcl level; it must also be referenced at Python level or it will be discarded by Python and you won't be able to use it in your widgets. HTH -- python -c print ''.join([chr(154 - ord(c)) for c in 'U(17zX(%,5.zmz5(17;8(%,5.Z65\'*9--56l7+-']) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Tkinter or Python issue?
Eugene Druker wrote:
tkFont.Font(...) is a class instance, while you need font description.
Font instances are font descriptors.
f = tkFont.Font(family=ariel, size=24, weight=tkFont.BOLD)
f
tkFont.Font instance at 0x00A3AC60
print f
font10726496
t.tag.config( 'TBU', font=('times', 12, 'bold','underline') )
t.tag_config( 'AB', font=('arial',24,'bold') )
the problem here is a variation of the old garbage collection problem (Tcl
uses names as references, so the fact that Tk uses an object isn't enough to
keep Python's GC away from it). the solution is to hold on to the objects
in Python.
/F
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Microsoft Hatred FAQ
On comp.os.linux.misc, in [EMAIL PROTECTED], Michael Heiming wrote: body not downloaded This is your 7th post on this thread, Michael. You spend a lot of time griping about trolls. Maybe you should consider not feeding them, you stupid hypocrite. To all the shit-for-brains trolls that are polluting these groups with this crap, which I haven't even bothered to read: I've killfiled every one of your aliases here, and I'm sure that they aren't the first of your aliases I've killfiled and that they won't be the last. I don't hate M$, I LOVE Linux. As for what YOU punks think about it, I couldn't care less. Aren't your Mommys coming home soon? You know what will happen if she finds you playing with her computer again. AC -- Homepage: http://home.earthlink.net/~alanconnor/ Fanclub: http://www.pearlgates.net/nanae/kooks/alanconnor.shtml -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to get a raised exception from other thread
Op 2005-10-18, dcrespo schreef [EMAIL PROTECTED]: Before, after, or during the .start() call, or somewhere else? I'd like to catch *just after* the .start() call. I'm quite sure the problem you are trying to solve can be solved, but you are still describing part of the solution you believe you need, rather than explaining why you want to do this (which may let us show you other, simpler or cleaner ways to accomplish your goals). The thing is that I have in ProgramB a class derived from threading.Thread, that runs a TCPServer, listening to a port on local ip address. As you surely know, you have to specify certain parameters when instantiating the tcpserver: SocketServer.TCPServer(server_address, RequestHandlerClass) where server_address is a tuple (ip,port) ip has to be one of three modes of values (If I remember well): 1. A null string '' Listens on all IP local address 2. A string containing the local IP address where you want it to listen Listens only in the specified local IP address 3. A string containing localhost. Listens only for connections from localhost. Here comes the problem: When you specify the case number 2, the IP must be valid for the computer where the program runs, otherwise, it raises an exception saying that Can't assign requested address. The TCPServer class, defined in a module, is ran (instantiatedly) from the main program through a started thread. The thread also is in the same module as TCPServer class. It looks like (it's much more code than this. If you want the whole code, tell me): MainProgram.py ... SrvrTCP = module.ThreadedTCPServer(ip,port) SrvrTCP.start() #Here, I want to know if the TCPServer started well. ... module.py ... class ThreadedTCPServer(threading.Thread): def __init__(self, ip,port): threading.Thread.__init__(self) self.ip= ip self.port= port def run(self): TCPServer((self.ip,self.port)) #Here, if the self.ip is invalid, it raises an exception. Just a suggestion, but since it is the main thread you want notified, you could use signals here. Something like the following: MainProgram.py class TCPProblem(Exception): pass def signalcallback(signum, frame): raise TCPProblem signal.signal(signal.SIGHUP, signalcallback) SrvrTCP = module.ThreadedTCPServer(ip,port) SrvrTCP.start() ... module.py mainpid = os.getpid() class ThreadedTCPServer(threading.Thread): def __init__(self, ip,port): threading.Thread.__init__(self) self.ip= ip self.port= port def run(self): try: TCPServer((self.ip,self.port)) #Here, if the self.ip is invalid, it raises an exception. except ...: os.kill(mainpid, signal.SIGHUP) -- Antoon Pardon -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: A little help with time calculations
iminal wrote: what i have so far is : # Get values needed to make time calculations CT = input(input your chronometer time (ex. 07:21:46): ) CE = input(input your chronometer correction (ex. 00:01:32): ) CEfastslow = raw_input(is your chronometer correction fast or slow: ) #decide either to subtract or add CE from/to CT if CEfastslow == fast: CEfastslow = CT - CE if CEfastslow == slow: CEfastslow = CT + CE but this just doesnt deal with the numbers in time format its acting like they are just regualr integers adding them up like regular numbers Well, how is the interpreter supposed to know that they are times? Remember that the Python language doesn't have times as a basic data type, and input(...) treats what you enter as Python data (unlike raw_input()). i am trying to figure out what u posted and it seems a little complicated im trying to add it in somehow and figure out exactly what its doing but still looking for a little easier of a way Well, the code I posted was untested, and I find two things wrong with it straight away: Firstly, it won't include leading zeros when converting seconds to a time, and secondly it puts the hours, minutes and seconds in the wrong order. thanks so far The idea, though, is to read strings lime 07:20:44 and convert them into something that Python *can* do arithmetic on. I defined a function, timetosecs, that would let you do this. So your program should look something like: # Put function definitions here ... CT = raw_input(input your chronometer time (ex. 07:21:46): ) CE = raw_input(input your chronometer correction (ex. 00:01:32): ) CEfastslow = raw_input(is your chronometer correction fast or slow: ) Tsecs = timetosecs(CT) Esecs = timetosecs(CE) #decide either to subtract or add CE from/to CT if CEfastslow == fast: CEfastslow = Tsecs - Esecs if CEfastslow == slow: CEfastslow = Tsecs + Esecs print New time:, secstotime(CEfastslow) Hope this gets you a bit closer to a solution. regards Steve -- Steve Holden +44 150 684 7255 +1 800 494 3119 Holden Web LLC www.holdenweb.com PyCon TX 2006 www.python.org/pycon/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: UI toolkits for Python
[EMAIL PROTECTED] (Alex Martelli) writes: You mean like google? Until recently, they're an outstanding example of doing things right, and providing functionality that degrades gracefully as the clients capabilities go down. I'm not sure what you mean by until recently in this context. AFAIK, we've NEVER wasted our efforts by pouring them into the quixotic task of supporting *100%* of possible browsers that may hit us, with the near infinite number of combinations of browsers, versions and disabled feature that this would require. The non-graphics-oriented Google services like search, news, and groups, have worked perfectly well with lynx until recently. No javascript required, no image display required, and no cookies required. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: nested escape chars in a shell command
Eli Criffield wrote:
I'm try run an ssh command in pexpect and I'm having trouble getting
everything escaped to do what i want.
Here's a striped down script showing what i want to do.
--
#!/usr/bin/env python
import pexpect
import sys
if len(sys.argv) 3:
print ssh.py host command
sys.exit(1)
host = sys.argv[1]
command = sys.argv[2]
child = pexpect.spawn('''sh -x -c stty -echo ; ssh -t -o
'StrictHostKeyChecking no' %s '%s' |awk '{print \%s:\$0}'
'''%(host,command,host), timeout=30)
child.setlog(sys.stdout)
child.expect(pexpect.EOF)
--
The problem in the pexpect.spawn line, It doesn't like the \%s:\ part
of the awk command. This is necessary so i can see what server the
command is running on, In the full script the command will be running
on about 100 servers at a time.
It parses out into:
+ stty -echo
+ ssh -t -o 'StrictHostKeyChecking no' testserver date
+ awk '{print testserver:$0}'
It totally strips out the
The stty -echo is required because part of what the program does is it
tries to remember any passwords that are asked for, So you can run a
command like su -c id and it will remember roots password for the
next
server and try that. -echo keeps the root password from being echoed to
the screen.
The second problem with the command is while su -c id works (taking
out the awk part) running any command with more then one word after the
-c in su fails, It strips out the '
like so:
./sshexpect testserver su -c 'ls -l /root'
+ stty -echo
+ ssh -t -o 'StrictHostKeyChecking no' testserver 'su -c ls' -l /root
su: user /root does not exist
I have tried every combination of escaping i can think of can i can't
get either problem solved.
Any ideas?
Eli
You can pass the argument list of your command to
pexpect.spawn(comm, args=['arg1','arg2'])
If the argument list is empty, pexpect tries to get the arguments
from the comm you passed to it. I guess this gives you problems.
Try using the args parameter.
Simplest would be args=[' '] just to avoid the processing.
--
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Re: write a loopin one line; process file paths
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: it will be added in 2.5 I beleve. At the moment, you can: predicate and true expression or false expression Ah, i see. Here's the full code again: # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # python import re, os.path imgPaths=[u'/Users/t/t4/oh/DSCN2059m-s.jpg', u'/Users/t/t4/oh/DSCN2062m-s.jpg', u'/Users/t/t4/oh/DSCN2097m-s.jpg', u'/Users/t/t4/oh/DSCN2099m-s.jpg', u'/Users/t/Icons_dir/icon_sum.gif'] # change the image path to the full sized image, if it exists # that is, if image ends in -s.jpg, find one without the '-s'. imgPaths2=[] for myPath in imgPaths: p=myPath (dirName, fileName) = os.path.split(myPath) (fileBaseName, fileExtension)=os.path.splitext(fileName) if(re.search(r'-s$',fileBaseName,re.U)): p2=os.path.join(dirName,fileBaseName[0:-2]) + fileExtension if os.path.exists(p2): p=p2 imgPaths2.append(p) imgPaths3 = map( lambda x: os.path.exists(x[1]) and x[1] or x[0], map(lambda x: (x, re.sub( r^(.+?)-s(\.[^.]+)$,r\1\2, x)), imgPaths)) print imgPaths2 == imgPaths3 -- A few things I don't like about python for FP is that it relies heavily on exception which make these one liners not possible in many case. ... yeah i know how it feels. I haven't had much experience with Python yet... but doing it in Perl gets all twisted. (especially when one tries to use trees as data structure (nested lists) in Perl) besides syntactical issues, another thing with doing functional programing in imperative languages is that they become very inefficent. Functional languages are optimized by various means of functional programings styles. Doing them in imperative languages usually comes with a order of execution penalty because imperative language compilers are usually dumb. though, one can't totally blame for Python's lack of ability to do functional programing. Its language's syntax of using indentations for blocks by design, pretty much is in odds with functional programing's sequencing of functions and other ways. (such as generic mechanism for prefix/postfix syntax, or macros or other transformations and patterns, or heavy reliance on the free flow of expressions/values) I don't blame Python that it doesn't cater to functional programing BY DESIGN. But i do hate the mother fucking fuckheads Pythoners for one thing that they don't know what functional programing really is, and on the other hand fucking trumpet their righteousness and lies thru their teeth of their ignorance. (that Guido guy with his Python 3000 article on his blog is one example, possibly forgivable in that particular instance. (http://xahlee.org/perl-python/python_3000.html)) (excuse me for lashing out) Xah [EMAIL PROTECTED] ∑ http://xahlee.org/ like : os.paths.exists(something) and print it is there or file not found I am practicing FP in python and it is in general doable with the help of itertools and add the needed functions as needed, like scanl/scanl1 etc. A few things I don't like about python for FP is that it relies heavily on exception which make these one liners not possible in many case. Example: a=[] a[0] would raise exception I usually prefer None as a special value which can be handled in normal flow(filter out, may be x is None and something or otherthing). But the liberal use of Exception force you to structure the program either in a very odd way(test with hasattr/haskey etc. before use) or needs lots of try/except blocks. I am using a python XHTML template Kid which relies on one-liner and found it very difficult. However, if you don't really need one-liner but just FP style to shorten the program, it is fine but I just find the try/except block quite ugly. Then there is the side effect of iterators/generators which unless you know can burn you badly(especially when you are chaining these objects in these multiple map/filter calls), as mentioned in another post. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to return correct value of update stmt
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: hi i use odbc to update a table in a database but i always get return value of -1 even though i tried to return an integer. the table is updated though ... sql = update table set column = 0 where col = %s select @@rowcount % (var1) try: s = odbc.odbc(connectstring) cur = s.cursor() res = cur.execute(sql) s.commit() s.close() cur.close() s = None cur = None print res return res except: print 'error while processing ', sys.exc_type,sys.exc_value how to properly get a positive return ? thanks Is the table actually being updated? The definition of the cursor.execute() method in http://www.python.org/peps/pep-0249.html specifically says Return values are not defined. So if you are seeing the database do the right thing I'd stop worrying about the return value. If exceptions aren't being raised and the database is doing what you want, what's the problem? regards Steve -- Steve Holden +44 150 684 7255 +1 800 494 3119 Holden Web LLC www.holdenweb.com PyCon TX 2006 www.python.org/pycon/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Sequence and/or pattern matching
Hi everyone, I'm relatively new to python and I want to write a piece of code who do the following work for data mining purpose : 1) I have a list of connexion between some computers. This list has this format : Ip A Date Ip B ...... ... 192.168.0.119.10.2005 192.168.0.2 192.168.0.319.10.2005 192.168.0.1 192.168.0.419.10.2005 192.168.0.6 ...... ... 2) I want to find if there are unknown sequences of connexions in my data and if these sequences are repeated along the file : For example : Computer A connects to Computer B then Computer B connects to Computer C then Computer C connects to Computer A 3) Then, the software gives the sequences it has found and how many times they appear... I hope this is clear, point 2) is where I have my main problem. Has someone an idea where to start and if there's already something coded ? Thanks Séb -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: write a loopin one line; process file paths
Xah Lee wrote: besides syntactical issues, another thing with doing functional programing in imperative languages is that they become very inefficent. Functional languages are optimized by various means of functional programings styles. Doing them in imperative languages usually comes with a order of execution penalty because imperative language compilers are usually dumb. The itertools module and the new generator feature tries to make this better as it is lazily evaluated, in a sense. But its side effect is nasty. Usable though need to twist my mind a bit, not like when I do it in haskell. But the occasion imperative dip makes some of my programs easier to code. though, one can't totally blame for Python's lack of ability to do functional programing. Its language's syntax of using indentations for blocks by design, pretty much is in odds with functional programing's sequencing of functions and other ways. (such as generic mechanism for prefix/postfix syntax, or macros or other transformations and patterns, or heavy reliance on the free flow of expressions/values) That I am not sure. haskell also use this indentation but I don't see a problem about it. One thing I find it odd though is the @decorator construct. I just don't understand why it is viewed as simple. It becomes very ugly IMO when there is a number of it, I am doing some web apps which requres varies decorators(one over the other). @format @login_block @validate @something def my_func(): I find it easier to read and under stand in the form of format(login_block(validate(something(my_func) though haskell's $ and . is even better. format.login_block.validate.somethin.my_func I don't blame Python that it doesn't cater to functional programing BY DESIGN. But i do hate the mother fucking fuckheads Pythoners for one thing that they don't know what functional programing really is, and on the other hand fucking trumpet their righteousness and lies thru their teeth of their ignorance. (that Guido guy with his Python 3000 article on his blog is one example, possibly forgivable in that particular instance. (http://xahlee.org/perl-python/python_3000.html)) That seems to be the case, I mean the design. For fairness, list comphrehension sometimes looks cleaner, though becomes ugly when you do the pipe/chain like programming in FP(multiple for). This again is an odd choice. It seems to be a flattening of multiple line for loop, yet at the same time python seems to be moving towards being more explicit(no map/filter/etc as they can be done in for loop). But I believe Python is designed for easy to code and read and maintain in mind. One has to admit that without some training, FP is not very intuitive, my head spin when I see haskell code. A for loop is easier to understand. Well, if you want clean FP, you can always try haskell which is getting better and better in terms of real world module support(file system, network etc). (excuse me for lashing out) Xah [EMAIL PROTECTED] ∑ http://xahlee.org/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Any 3state Check Tree Ctrl for wxPython available?
On Mon, 17 Oct 2005 12:14:47 +0200, Petr Prikryl [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi, I am experimenting with wxPython on Windows box. What I need to implement is a check tree control with 3 states for each checkbox: unchecked, checked, gray checked. The status of the checkbox should reflect the status of the children. When ALL children are checked, then the status should be checked. When NO children are checked, the status should be unchecked. When SOME children are selected, the status should be checked with gray background. I have found something else that could be valuable after I start understand that: http://mitglied.lycos.de/drpython/CheckTreeCtrl.tar Hello Petr, It is incidentally from my webpage :) I uploaded it once, because I didn't find it anywhere on the web; a person asked for it and I had it on my harddisk. Anyway, is there something similar with 3 states available around? To your problem: What about enhancing/deriving from CheckTreeCtrl and exending it? Thanks for your time and experience, pepr -- Franz Steinhaeusler -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Sequence and/or pattern matching
Séb [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi everyone, I'm relatively new to python and I want to write a piece of code who do the following work for data mining purpose : Essentially, if I understand correctly, you want to detect LOOPS given a sequence of directed connections A-B. loop detection and graph would then be the keywords to search for, in this case. 2) I want to find if there are unknown sequences of connexions in my data and if these sequences are repeated along the file : For example : Computer A connects to Computer B then Computer B connects to Computer C then Computer C connects to Computer A Does this then imply you're only interested in loops occurring in this *sequence*, i.e., is order of connections important? If the sequence of directed connections was, say, in the different order: B-C A-B C-A would you want this detected as a loop, or not? Alex -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
dynamical importing
Hello, I need to import modules from user defined paths. I.e. I want to do something like: module_dir = sys.argv[1] my_path = os.path.join(module_dir, 'bin', 'my_module') from my_path import my_object Obviously, it doesn't work this way. How would it work? Jörg Schuster -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: UI toolkits for Python
Alex Martelli wrote: Mike Meyer [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: [... browser audience discussion ...] What makes you think that the expenditure of effort is totally out of proportion? In my experience, that isn't the case - at least if you go into it planning on doing things that way. Retrofitting a site that was built without any thought but make it work in my favoriter browser in my favorite configuration can be a radically different thing. Why, of course -- coding a site to just one browser would be foolish (though there exist sites that follow that strategy, it's still despicable). What I'm talking about is sites that are _supposed_ to be able to support a dozen browsers, in three or four versions each, not to mention a dozen features each of which the user might have chosen to disable (for a total of 2**12 == 4096 possibilities). Of course, the site's poor authors cannot possibly have tested the 4096 * 12 * 3.5 possibilities, whence the _supposed_ to be. We ARE talking about moving from supporting 95% to supporting (*supposedly*!) 100%, after all -- very much into the long, *LONG* tail of obscure buggy versions of this browser or that, which SOME users within those last centiles may have forgotten to patch/upgrade, etc. And THAT is what makes the effort totally out of proportion (differently from the effort to go from 60% to 95%, which, while far from negligible, is well within sensible engineering parameters). Maybe that's part of the explanation for the outstanding success of some enterprises founded by engineers, led by engineers, and staffed overwhelmingly with engineers, competing with other firms where marketing wield power...? You mean like google? Until recently, they're an outstanding example of doing things right, and providing functionality that degrades gracefully as the clients capabilities go down. I'm not sure what you mean by until recently in this context. AFAIK, we've NEVER wasted our efforts by pouring them into the quixotic task of supporting *100%* of possible browsers that may hit us, with the near infinite number of combinations of browsers, versions and disabled feature that this would require. One may quibble whether the target percentage should be, say, 93%, 95%, or 97%, and what level of degradation can still be considered graceful around various axes, but the 100% goal which you so clearly imply above would, in my personal opinion, be simply foolish now, just as it would have been 3 years ago. In mine, too. It's often useful to remember the so-called 80/20 rule which, in software terms, I often state as you can get 80% of the functionality for 20% of the cost. Among other things I theorise that this accounts for the vast numbers of abandoned open source projects lurking on the Internet (but let's not follow that red herring any further). Of course, if the final 20% of a project's functionality accounts for 80% of the cost then the stark arithmetical truth would be that each functionality percentage point costs sixteen times what the first eighty points did. In practice the situation is never linear, and the truth is that there is a situation of diminishing returns which rarely justifies supporting those final additional hold-outs with obsolete platforms. This is as much an economic decision as a marketing one, but a good engineer knows instinctively that there is a desirable cut-off point beyond which adding further functionality is a waste of engineering effort. regards Steve -- Steve Holden +44 150 684 7255 +1 800 494 3119 Holden Web LLC www.holdenweb.com PyCon TX 2006 www.python.org/pycon/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: dynamical importing
Hi, I guess you need to look at __import__ Regards, Laurent. Joerg Schuster wrote: Hello, I need to import modules from user defined paths. I.e. I want to do something like: module_dir = sys.argv[1] my_path = os.path.join(module_dir, 'bin', 'my_module') from my_path import my_object Obviously, it doesn't work this way. How would it work? Jörg Schuster -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Microsoft Hatred FAQ
On Tue, 18 Oct 2005 23:16:32 -0700, David Schwartz [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote or quoted : No, I did not. I said that their obligation is to their shareholders. If that is not what you mean, I think you need to hedge more. I was perfectly clear. This is a lot of deliberate misunderstanding going on in this thread and very little of it is from my side. You have a problem because there are many other people saying similar things to you who mean something much more extreme. If you don't intend that, you need to be more precise in your language. -- Canadian Mind Products, Roedy Green. http://mindprod.com Again taking new Java programming contracts. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Microsoft Hatred FAQ
On Tue, 18 Oct 2005 23:18:31 -0700, David Schwartz [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote or quoted : Perhaps you aren't following the thread, but I was talking about the obligations a company has, not the obligations any individual has. And I was talking about obligations *to* individuals. To me that makes no sense. Microsoft is an abstraction. It can't do anything. It can't make decisions. Only the individuals to work for it or on the board can, though they may do it in Microsoft's name. If you want to talk about moral action, obligation etc. you can't divorce that from the people who do the actions. -- Canadian Mind Products, Roedy Green. http://mindprod.com Again taking new Java programming contracts. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to organize Python files in a (relatively) big project
I have this problem myself, and as I am a recent Python convert my aproach may not be conventional - but as it is working for me I thought I would share. First off you need to split your code into logical objects. In my case I have an obvious client and server object, But within each I have individual stand alone major objects and so my directory structure reflects this... Prog Dir -- MainApp.py Bin __init__.py --- main.py --- lib.py Client __init__.py --- main.py Browser 1 __init__.py --- main.py --- B1_file1.py --- B1_file2.py Browser 2 __init__.py --- main.py --- B2_file1.py --- B2_file2.py Server __init__.py --- main.py Server Object 1 __init__.py --- main.py --- SO1_file1.py --- SO1_file2.py Server Object 2 __init__.py --- main.py --- SO2_file1.py --- SO2_file2.py Each main.py file is used to call each downstream main.py file be it as a thread or once only run. The beauty of this idea is that if I want to completely change say Server Object 2, I can do whatever I like within the downstream directory as the only outside call is via an external reference to the main.py file. If you have a mind, you could have a library file of common apps held within the bin directory that you can make available to all downstream modules. As I say - it only works if you can logically split your program into independent blocks. If there is a more Pythonesque way of doing this I be grateful if someone could share. HTH -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Microsoft Hatred FAQ
On Wed, 19 Oct 2005 07:10:55 GMT, Alan Connor [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote or quoted : To all the shit-for-brains trolls that are polluting these groups with this crap, which I haven't even bothered to read: A single thread does not pollute a group. It is trivially easy to ignore a thread. If your newsreader does not support that feature, try an different newsreader. See http://mindprod.com/jgloss/newsgroups.html It is a big thread. Obviously people are interested in it even if you are not. -- Canadian Mind Products, Roedy Green. http://mindprod.com Again taking new Java programming contracts. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: UI toolkits for Python
Claudio Grondi wrote: Steve Holden [EMAIL PROTECTED] schrieb im Newsbeitrag news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Claudio Grondi wrote: [...] Do I miss here something? While you are correct in saying (I paraphrase) that HTML interfaces nowadays can offer a rich graphical interface, it can be quite difficult to manage state maintenance between the two components (web server, web client) in the system. The cause of confusion here is, that HTML interfaces don't necessary need a web server and HTTP to work. I mean, that Internet Browsers have an API which allow access to them directly, so they can be used without a server as a kind of GUI library supporting widgets programmed in HTML and JavaScript (I haven't used them yet in this form, but I think it should be no problem - right or not?). You are perfectly correct that interfaces can be programmed in the browser. As has already been said, with the adoption of standards like CSS2, it's even possible to make such stuff run across multiple browser platforms (at the moment, though, just try writing an interface that makes table rows appear and disappear in a cross-browser fashion: you'll find the stylesheet techniques you need to use for Mozilla and IE are very different). But this doesn't help you at all if you are trying to interface to Python logic. A proper GUI runs all functionality inside a single process, and allows much easier control over complex interactions, creation of dynamic dialogues, and so on. Complex and dynamic is in my eyes possible with HTML and JavaScript, so I still don't see where is a problem with this approach. I have programmed already a HTML and JavaScript driven server platform and know about (the solvable) problems with the back-button and sessions (it is sure not the easiest way of programming a GUI). The only disadvantage of not using plugins or Java is, that real time interactions are not possible, but this is in my eyes usually not the requirement for a standard kind of GUI with no gaming, no Virtual Reality and no timing of user response down to milliseconds (but consider, that with a good speed of connection it is even possible to play blitz chess over the Internet). So, back to the subject: with an HTML/Javascript interface, how do you propose to bolt Python logic into the same process? Or do you admit that the application that interacts with such an interface either has to be all JavaScript or in a separate process? I haven't used it in such configuration yet, but I mean, that it is not a bad idea to use local DHTML files (i.e. HTML with JavaScript) combined with a Python driven HTTP server like e.g. Karrigell which makes it possible to access local files by executing Python scripts triggerred by demand raised by submitting to it DHTML form data resulting from user input. So mixing JavaScript in local DHTML files for performing what can be done with JavaScript inside HTML and a HTTP server capable of executing Python scripts will do the job which JavaScript alone can't because of lack of access to the local file system and another parts of the computer system on which such kind of UI is executed. Indeed. But this again partitions the problem into client functionality and server functionality residing in two separate processes, albeit on the same computer, with the previously-mentioned state maintenance problems. This issue isn't new, you know. Another possible scenario I have in mind is to control the Internet browser directly from a Python script using DHTML as a language for definition of appearance and specification of necessary data processing of in the browser displayed UI. This way the Internet browser and HTML with JavaScript can be considered an UI toolkit for use in Python. Hope with this above to have got Python back on topic. That is, I suppose, a possibility, but you certainly can't claim it would be platform-independent. Unless you know of some common control interface respected by both Internet Exploder and Firefox ;-) regards Steve -- Steve Holden +44 150 684 7255 +1 800 494 3119 Holden Web LLC www.holdenweb.com PyCon TX 2006 www.python.org/pycon/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: dynamical importing
Joerg Schuster wrote:
I need to import modules from user defined paths. I.e. I want to do
something like:
module_dir = sys.argv[1]
my_path = os.path.join(module_dir, 'bin', 'my_module')
from my_path import my_object
Obviously, it doesn't work this way. How would it work?
some alternatives:
- if you want the modules to remain imported:
try:
sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(module_dir, bin))
module = __import__(my_module)
finally:
del sys.path[0]
object = module.my_object
- if you're only interested in the object:
namespace = {}
execfile(os.path.join(module_dir, bin, my_module + .py), namespace)
object = namespace[my_object]
/F
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: dynamical importing
Try: userModule = _importModule( pathToModule ) def _importModule( moduleName ): modName = __import__ ( moduleName ) modComponents = moduleName.split( '.' ) for indivComp in modComponents[ 1: ]: modName = getattr( modName, indivComp ) return modName HTH, J Joerg Schuster wrote: Hello, I need to import modules from user defined paths. I.e. I want to do something like: module_dir = sys.argv[1] my_path = os.path.join(module_dir, 'bin', 'my_module') from my_path import my_object Obviously, it doesn't work this way. How would it work? Jörg Schuster -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Microsoft Hatred FAQ
Luke Webber [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] As much as I hate to jump in on this thread, well I'm gonna... I think you'll find that companies have all manner of legal obligations. Certainly to their shareholders, but beyond that they have an obligation to their clients, who pay them for their services, and to any individual or entity which might be harmed by their actions. They have obligations to their clients because (and only because) failure to provide the services they contract to provide will result in lawsuits and harm to the shareholders. All other obligations come from the harm these failures will do to the shareholders. First and formost, companies exist to do the will of their shareholders. A classic case in point would be Philip Morris, who did everything they could to protect their shareholders, but who shirked their duty of care to their customers and the the public at large. They have since paid heavily for that failure. You mean their shareholders paid heavily. ;) If that is not what you mean, I think you need to hedge more. I was perfectly clear. This is a lot of deliberate misunderstanding going on in this thread and very little of it is from my side. All that means to me is that your misunderstanding is not deliberate. g No misunderstanding. Corporations exist specifically to do the will of their shareholders. There are other theoritcal models of corporations (for example, wherein the shareholders only provide the capital to execute the will of the directors), but Microsoft is certainly not a corporation of this type. DS -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to organize Python files in a (relatively) big project
TokiDoki wrote: At first, I had all of my files in one single directory, but now, with the increasing number of files, it is becoming hard to browse my directory. So, I would want to be able to divide the files between 8 directory, according to their purpose. The problem is that it breaks the 'import's between my files. And besides,AFAIK, there is no easy way to import a file that is not in a subdirectory of the current file Remember that the directory where you start the toplevel script is always included in the sys.path. This means that you can have your structure like this: main.py | | - - pkg1 | - - pkg2 | - - pkg3 Files in any package can import other packages. The usual way is to do import pkgN and then dereference. Within each package, you will have a __init__.py which will define the package API (that is, will define those symbols that you can access from outside the package). Typically, you only want to import *packages*, not submodules. In other words, try to not do stuff like from pkg1.submodule3 import Foo, because this breaks encapsulation (if you reorganize the structure of pkg1, code will break). So you'd do import pgk1 and later pkg1.Foo, assuming that pkg1.__init__.py does something like from submodule3 import Foo. My preferred way is to have __init__.py just do from submodules import *, and then each submodule defines __all__ to specify which are its public symbols. This allow for more encapsulation (each submodule is able to change what it exports in a self-contained way, you don't need to modify __init__ as well). Moreover, the dependence graph between packages shouldn't have loops. For instance, if pkg3 uses pkg1, pkg1 shouldn't use pkg3. It makes sense to think of pkg1 as the moral equivalent of a library, which pkg3 uses. -- Giovanni Bajo -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Microsoft Hatred FAQ
Roedy Green [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Tue, 18 Oct 2005 23:18:31 -0700, David Schwartz [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote or quoted : Perhaps you aren't following the thread, but I was talking about the obligations a company has, not the obligations any individual has. And I was talking about obligations *to* individuals. To me that makes no sense. Microsoft is an abstraction. It can't do anything. It can't make decisions. Only the individuals to work for it or on the board can, though they may do it in Microsoft's name. If you want to talk about moral action, obligation etc. you can't divorce that from the people who do the actions. If anything that makes the objection even less meaningful. The objection was: Why should loyalty to company trump all other loyalties -- family, law, species, community, country, religion ... ? And the answer is that I'm not talking about loyalty to company but loyalty to shareholders, which are people. Of course, a person is never required to do anything that actually conflicts with their conscience, although in some cases this may require you to quit. DS -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Sequence and/or pattern matching
Essentially, if I understand correctly, you want to detect LOOPS given a sequence of directed connections A-B. loop detection and graph would then be the keywords to search for, in this case. Exactly, but the sequence has to be discovered by the piece of code ! Does this then imply you're only interested in loops occurring in this *sequence*, i.e., is order of connections important? If the sequence of directed connections was, say, in the different order: B-C A-B C-A would you want this detected as a loop, or not? Yes, it would be nice to detect it as a loop, with for example a threshold. Btw, it would be nice to ignore additional connections in such a way : B-C # Normal connection D-E # Additional connection to ignore A-B # Normal connection C-A # Normal connection Would it be possible ? Thank you very much -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to organize Python files in a (relatively) big project
If I understand you right you need a concept in which you can put the files
of your project where you want, i.e. restructure the nesting of directories
storing your scripts without the problem of breaking the import statements.
This will give you not a solution to any problem you maybe have with
managing a large package but is a problem in itself, so I see that you have
a huge number of options to choose from:
1. best is you get a better structure of the project in your mind, so you
don't need frequent changes by resorting your modules into a various
directories (flat is better than nested). Set a size limit of a single
Python script it must reach before you split it into two separate files, so
that the number of your files decreases to a number you can handle with ease
(this depends on how good you are at it).
2. create e.g. an HTML file from which you can view, edit, execute the
scripts you have. In this file you create your nested structure and have
this way the overview you need. The Python files remain in one directory
storing the entire project. This allows you to keep together what belongs
together, but to work with it as the single files were spread over many
categories (I mean directories :).
3. create a Python script which automatically creates an HTML file giving
you the overview of all your scripts from walking the directories your
project files are stored below and put in each of your scripts a function
which on call returns the actual full path of passed name of the file to
import and updates the Python PATH, so that it can be found (e.g
updatePATH('nameOfTheModuleToImport')
4. start to choose from many tools for project management which will keep
you busy for a while and away from the actual work on your project ...
None of these above can solve the supposed actual problem, that the project
grows beyond the capacity to manage it in mind. I know about this limitation
and I have seen programmers failing on projects with increasing size of
them. Usually the dependencies between the single modules in large projects
get more and more complicated. Each next added module making the project
size larger must work with the entire already existing ones and after a
given size of project is reached it becomes really hard (and for some just
impossible) to add a new module to it making the necessary modifications to
existing ones in order to gain the new functionality. Such modifications
result usually in breaks in other parts of the project and in my eyes no
management system can really help in anticipating it at that point. Every
programmer seems to have a limit of a project size he can manage and in my
opinion no tool for structuring it or getting a better overview is of real
help here. The core of the problem is lack of skills required for managing
large projects and it seems, that not everyone who managed to learn to
program is able to acquire this skills necessary to increase the size of a
project over the by his intellectual capacity given limits. That is why
programmer need to work in teams and have a very good manager able to
coordinate their efforts in order to succeed in creating large applications.
In really large projects it is sometimes necessary to work half a year or
more full time on the existing library of code before becoming capable of
writing a single line of additional one.
Publish your code, let others work with it, try to get responses on it and
you will probably get much more out of this than by asking for ways of
managing it.
I am curious if others on this newsgroup agree with what I said above, so I
would be glad to hear about it.
Claudio
TokiDoki [EMAIL PROTECTED] schrieb im Newsbeitrag
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Hello there,
I have been programming python for a little while, now. But as I am
beginning to do more complex stuff, I am running into small organization
problems.
It is possible that what I want to obtain is not possible, but I would
like the advice of more experienced python programmers.
I am writing a relatively complex program in python that has now around
40 files.
At first, I had all of my files in one single directory, but now, with
the increasing number of files, it is becoming hard to browse my
directory.
So, I would want to be able to divide the files between 8 directory,
according to their purpose. The problem is that it breaks the 'import's
between my files. And besides,AFAIK, there is no easy way to import a
file that is not in a subdirectory of the current file (I suppose I
could adjust the os.path in every file, but that seems not very elegant
to me).
I thought about turning the whole into a package. But I have to change
every 'import module_name' into
'from package_name.sub_directory_name import module_name'
which is a little bit time consuming and not very flexible (if I change
my mind about the subdirectory a file belongs to, I will have to track
again every import to correct them)
So, basically, here is the point:
Re: Sequence and/or pattern matching
Séb wrote: 1) I have a list of connexion between some computers. This list has this format : It looks like you want graph theory. Ip A Date Ip B ...... ... 192.168.0.119.10.2005 192.168.0.2 192.168.0.319.10.2005 192.168.0.1 192.168.0.419.10.2005 192.168.0.6 That looks like a list of edges between graph nodes, you see. Each node corresponds to an address and each edge is a connection between two nodes - ip addresses, in your case. 2) I want to find if there are unknown sequences of connexions in my data and if these sequences are repeated along the file : For example : Computer A connects to Computer B then Computer B connects to Computer C then Computer C connects to Computer A That looks like finding a path between Node A and Node C. This is a common application of graph theory, and especially when finding routes (eg. for train journeys, or for AI characters in computer games). 3) Then, the software gives the sequences it has found and how many times they appear... You can find all the routes between 1 node and others by using depth-first search (or indeed, any other simple graph search algorithm). Basically, this says that, for any node, examine all the nodes it leads to. Then examine those nodes... repeat until you run out of nodes or find where you're looking for. The only complication is remembering the route you took. I hope this is clear, point 2) is where I have my main problem. Has someone an idea where to start and if there's already something coded ? I found a couple of Python graph libraries on Google but I can't vouch for their quality. However, writing your own simple graph traversal algorithm should be quite trivial. I would start by populating a dictionary where the keys are instances of address A and the values are lists of address B values for address A. Add each link again with address B as the key and address A as the value if you need to represent bidirectional connections. Then you can perform search on that as required. The only slight complication is avoiding infinite loops - I might use a dictionary of address-boolean values here and check off each address as the algorithm progresses. -- Ben Sizer -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Microsoft Hatred FAQ
Roedy Green wrote: On Wed, 19 Oct 2005 07:10:55 GMT, Alan Connor [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote or quoted : To all the shit-for-brains trolls that are polluting these groups with this crap, which I haven't even bothered to read: A single thread does not pollute a group. It is trivially easy to ignore a thread. If your newsreader does not support that feature, try an different newsreader. The pollution *is* there, despite the possibility of individual screening. The subject and the contents violates some basic nsgroup principles, such as topicality. One to ten irrelevant postings do no harm. More than hundred - become annoying. Cross-posting to 5 groups is bad. Please go away. Claiming that this is an interesting, great thread is utterly silly in this context. Shall Python newsgroup discuss the trial of Saddam Hussein as well? Jerzy Karczmarczuk -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Upgrading 2.4.1 to 2.4.2
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Not sure that is a good idea on a linux system. MS should be fine, but I actually tried that on linux. Didn't realize how much on a linux system depends on Python. I had that problem once, although to be fair it really does depend on which distribution you use as to how many problems you're going to have. Perhaps the way to do it is to install the new Python version in /usr/local/ (alongside the distro's version is in /usr/ ), then when you're sure your new version is installed and working, change the references over - perhaps it's possible to do this with just 1 symbolic link somewhere. -- Ben Sizer -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Microsoft Hatred FAQ
Jerzy Karczmarczuk [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: [ this thread ] The pollution *is* there, despite the possibility of individual screening. The subject and the contents violates some basic nsgroup principles, such as topicality. One to ten irrelevant postings do no harm. More than hundred - become annoying. Cross-posting to 5 groups is bad. Please go away. The problem is that adding please stop, please go away postings to this thread have 0 effect. Or worse, people posting such messages, and tweaking the FollowUp-To: header resulting in more and more pollution. It doesn't work, sad but true. Best is to kill the entire thread, hope the long discussion stays in it, and dies out, and doesn't spark similar discussions. Also refraining from posting to any thread started by Xah Lee (I guess it was our troll again), no matter how tempting, might help (I am going to try, again). Claiming that this is an interesting, great thread is utterly silly in this context. Shall Python newsgroup discuss the trial of Saddam Hussein as well? And should it be crossposted to: comp.lang.perl.misc, comp.unix.programmer, comp.lang.java.programmer, and comp.os.linux.misc? -- John Small Perl scripts: http://johnbokma.com/perl/ Perl programmer available: http://castleamber.com/ I ploink googlegroups.com :-) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: UI toolkits for Python
Another possible scenario I have in mind is to control the Internet browser directly from a Python script using DHTML as a language for definition of appearance and specification of necessary data processing of in the browser displayed UI. This way the Internet browser and HTML with JavaScript can be considered an UI toolkit for use in Python. Hope with this above to have got Python back on topic. That is, I suppose, a possibility, but you certainly can't claim it would be platform-independent. I haven't seen any really platform-independent software yet and I don't expect to see any in the future. It is simply not possible to have one, even if much progress was done lately in many areas in order to try to approach it as close as possible. Claudio Steve Holden [EMAIL PROTECTED] schrieb im Newsbeitrag news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Claudio Grondi wrote: Steve Holden [EMAIL PROTECTED] schrieb im Newsbeitrag news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Claudio Grondi wrote: [...] Do I miss here something? While you are correct in saying (I paraphrase) that HTML interfaces nowadays can offer a rich graphical interface, it can be quite difficult to manage state maintenance between the two components (web server, web client) in the system. The cause of confusion here is, that HTML interfaces don't necessary need a web server and HTTP to work. I mean, that Internet Browsers have an API which allow access to them directly, so they can be used without a server as a kind of GUI library supporting widgets programmed in HTML and JavaScript (I haven't used them yet in this form, but I think it should be no problem - right or not?). You are perfectly correct that interfaces can be programmed in the browser. As has already been said, with the adoption of standards like CSS2, it's even possible to make such stuff run across multiple browser platforms (at the moment, though, just try writing an interface that makes table rows appear and disappear in a cross-browser fashion: you'll find the stylesheet techniques you need to use for Mozilla and IE are very different). But this doesn't help you at all if you are trying to interface to Python logic. A proper GUI runs all functionality inside a single process, and allows much easier control over complex interactions, creation of dynamic dialogues, and so on. Complex and dynamic is in my eyes possible with HTML and JavaScript, so I still don't see where is a problem with this approach. I have programmed already a HTML and JavaScript driven server platform and know about (the solvable) problems with the back-button and sessions (it is sure not the easiest way of programming a GUI). The only disadvantage of not using plugins or Java is, that real time interactions are not possible, but this is in my eyes usually not the requirement for a standard kind of GUI with no gaming, no Virtual Reality and no timing of user response down to milliseconds (but consider, that with a good speed of connection it is even possible to play blitz chess over the Internet). So, back to the subject: with an HTML/Javascript interface, how do you propose to bolt Python logic into the same process? Or do you admit that the application that interacts with such an interface either has to be all JavaScript or in a separate process? I haven't used it in such configuration yet, but I mean, that it is not a bad idea to use local DHTML files (i.e. HTML with JavaScript) combined with a Python driven HTTP server like e.g. Karrigell which makes it possible to access local files by executing Python scripts triggerred by demand raised by submitting to it DHTML form data resulting from user input. So mixing JavaScript in local DHTML files for performing what can be done with JavaScript inside HTML and a HTTP server capable of executing Python scripts will do the job which JavaScript alone can't because of lack of access to the local file system and another parts of the computer system on which such kind of UI is executed. Indeed. But this again partitions the problem into client functionality and server functionality residing in two separate processes, albeit on the same computer, with the previously-mentioned state maintenance problems. This issue isn't new, you know. Another possible scenario I have in mind is to control the Internet browser directly from a Python script using DHTML as a language for definition of appearance and specification of necessary data processing of in the browser displayed UI. This way the Internet browser and HTML with JavaScript can be considered an UI toolkit for use in Python. Hope with this above to have got Python back on topic. That is, I suppose, a possibility, but you certainly can't claim it would be platform-independent. Unless you know of some common control interface respected by both Internet Exploder and Firefox ;-) regards Steve
Re: How to organize Python files in a (relatively) big project
Maybe looking at the todays thread [dynamical importing] can be helpful
also here.
Claudio
P.S. Below a copy of one of the responses:
:
Joerg Schuster wrote:
I need to import modules from user defined paths. I.e. I want to do
something like:
module_dir = sys.argv[1]
my_path = os.path.join(module_dir, 'bin', 'my_module')
from my_path import my_object
Obviously, it doesn't work this way. How would it work?
some alternatives:
- if you want the modules to remain imported:
try:
sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(module_dir, bin))
module = __import__(my_module)
finally:
del sys.path[0]
object = module.my_object
- if you're only interested in the object:
namespace = {}
execfile(os.path.join(module_dir, bin, my_module + .py),
namespace)
object = namespace[my_object]
/F
TokiDoki [EMAIL PROTECTED] schrieb im Newsbeitrag
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Hello there,
I have been programming python for a little while, now. But as I am
beginning to do more complex stuff, I am running into small organization
problems.
It is possible that what I want to obtain is not possible, but I would
like the advice of more experienced python programmers.
I am writing a relatively complex program in python that has now around
40 files.
At first, I had all of my files in one single directory, but now, with
the increasing number of files, it is becoming hard to browse my
directory.
So, I would want to be able to divide the files between 8 directory,
according to their purpose. The problem is that it breaks the 'import's
between my files. And besides,AFAIK, there is no easy way to import a
file that is not in a subdirectory of the current file (I suppose I
could adjust the os.path in every file, but that seems not very elegant
to me).
I thought about turning the whole into a package. But I have to change
every 'import module_name' into
'from package_name.sub_directory_name import module_name'
which is a little bit time consuming and not very flexible (if I change
my mind about the subdirectory a file belongs to, I will have to track
again every import to correct them)
So, basically, here is the point: is there an 'elegant' way to keep my
files in separate directory and still be able to import between them
with simple 'import filename'?
And if not, what would be the standard way to organize numerous python
files belonging to the same project?
Thank you,
TokiDoki
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: override a property
Steven Bethard wrote: Robin Becker wrote: ... Can you add the object to be observed as another parameter to the add method? py class ObservableProperty(property): ... def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): .. py A.x.add(b, obs2) py b.x = 7 obs2: 7 Probably self._observers should use some sort of weakref dict instead of a regular dict, but hopefully the idea is clear. STeVe yes I think this is what Alex is proposing. It probably means abandoning the class based observers entirely otherwise there would have to be a decision on whether the instance observers take priority and some argument convention on whether the class or the instance was being added to. -- Robin Becker -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: dynamical importing
John Abel wrote: def _importModule( moduleName ): modName = __import__ ( moduleName ) modComponents = moduleName.split( '.' ) for indivComp in modComponents[ 1: ]: modName = getattr( modName, indivComp ) return modName __import__ takes a module name, not an arbitrary file name. /F -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Well written open source Python apps
I suggest also these: Spark: - http://pages.cpsc.ucalgary.ca/~aycock/spark/ Few files. I like how doc strings are used for handling the grammar. Twisted: http://twistedmatrix.com/ I like everything, from test to comments! (many are funny) Misto -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: write a loopin one line; process file paths
Thanks a lot for various notes. Bonono? I will have to look at the itertools module. Just went to the doc http://www.python.org/doc/2.4.1/lib/module-itertools.html looks interesting. But I believe Python is designed for easy to code and read and maintain in mind. One has to admit that without some training, FP is not very intuitive, my head spin when I see haskell code. A for loop is easier to understand. This i'm not sure. Of the past couple of years i increasingly developed a theory (probably well-known among proper experts), that the difficulty of human feats of various forms, are primarily a perception and familiarity thing. This may be getting off topic, but i wrote an essay expresising much of the idea using Juggling as a example: Difficulty Perceptions in Human Feats http://xahlee.org/Periodic_dosage_dir/t2/juggling.html likewise, i think this applies to mental feats as well. In particular, i think that whether imperative code or functional code is easier for the mind is almost ENTIRELY dependent on which one the person is more familiar with, coulped with a innate attitude one may have picked up. Well, if you want clean FP, you can always try haskell which is getting better and better in terms of real world module support(file system, network etc). oh Haskell, my love! I am really going to learn it now. (maybe i'll start A-Java-Haskell-A-Day) This month i just learned and read about how Perl 6 is implemented in Haskell! (because one Taiwaness hacker single-handedly by happenstance tried to do it, as a by-product of learning Haskell) This Pugs (Perl6 in Haskell) really brought two rather incompatible communities together somewhat for mutual exchange. (the learning, on the surface, is politely said to be mutual, but i'm pretty sure it's mostly Perlers learning from the Haskell folks) ... there is a sentiment among the elite tech-geeking morons, early on imbued by the concept of troll, so that they in general don't communicate and learn from any other language except their own. Anything cross-posted is considered as troll, and the inter-language communication has been essentially completely cut off. Basically, the only ones generating all the garbage posts are these troll-criers themselves. (will have to flesh out on this particular point of net-sociology in a essay some other day.) Xah [EMAIL PROTECTED] ∑ http://xahlee.org/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Microsoft Hatred FAQ
Op 2005-10-19, David Schwartz schreef [EMAIL PROTECTED]: Luke Webber [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] As much as I hate to jump in on this thread, well I'm gonna... I think you'll find that companies have all manner of legal obligations. Certainly to their shareholders, but beyond that they have an obligation to their clients, who pay them for their services, and to any individual or entity which might be harmed by their actions. They have obligations to their clients because (and only because) failure to provide the services they contract to provide will result in lawsuits and harm to the shareholders. All other obligations come from the harm these failures will do to the shareholders. First and formost, companies exist to do the will of their shareholders. Do I understand correctly. Lets take the following situation: A company figures out something is wrong with one of their new models. They have two options. They can repair the problem or they can leave it as is and brace the laswsuits that will likely follow. An analysis shows that the first option is likely to cost more than the second. As far as I understand you, the company should ship the faulty model. -- Antoon Pardon -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: html parser?
Thorsten Kampe wrote: * Christoph Söllner (2005-10-18 12:20 +0100) right, that's what I was looking for. Thanks very much. For simple things like that BeautifulSoup might be overkill. import formatter, \ htmllib, \ urllib url = 'http://python.org' htmlp = htmllib.HTMLParser(formatter.NullFormatter()) The problem with HTMLParser is that does not handle unclosed tags and/or attirbutes given with invalid syntax. Unfortunately, many sites on the internet use malformed HTML pages. You are right, BeautifulSoup is an overkill (it is rather slow) but I'm affraid this is the only fault-tolerant solution. Les -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python Doc Error: os.makedirs
if os.access( path, os.F_OK): print 'path exists' See also os.stat(path) for further info. about a file or dir. regards, Paul Clinch -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Microsoft Hatred FAQ
On Wed, 19 Oct 2005 01:54:14 -0700, David Schwartz [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote or quoted : They have obligations to their clients because (and only because) failure to provide the services they contract to provide will result in lawsuits and harm to the shareholders. All other obligations come from the harm these failures will do to the shareholders. That's the view of Republican, but it is not the only view. Some might say the law trumps that. It does not matter if breaking the law would be more profitable, you still don't do it. -- Canadian Mind Products, Roedy Green. http://mindprod.com Again taking new Java programming contracts. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: write a loopin one line; process file paths
Xah Lee wrote: This i'm not sure. Of the past couple of years i increasingly developed a theory (probably well-known among proper experts), that the difficulty of human feats of various forms, are primarily a perception and familiarity thing. This may be getting off topic, but i wrote an essay expresising much of the idea using Juggling as a example: Difficulty Perceptions in Human Feats http://xahlee.org/Periodic_dosage_dir/t2/juggling.html likewise, i think this applies to mental feats as well. In particular, i think that whether imperative code or functional code is easier for the mind is almost ENTIRELY dependent on which one the person is more familiar with, coulped with a innate attitude one may have picked up. But most of us start learning programming with imperative language, I started with COBOL and Pascal(are they still taught). Then we would hit the problem of looping one way or another pretty soon. Without a doubt, some experienced programmer would tell you to use for loop or search for one. This is even true in two heavily used declarative tools, SQL and Excel. If there is foldl/scanl/map in SQL, I think it would be much easier to code. Likewise for Excel, it is very functional(like its ancestors 1-2-3) then VBA was thrown in. In fact, I think haskell should be taught in any CS course as it opens up a completely different way of approaching problem and it is easier to read than LISP. oh Haskell, my love! I am really going to learn it now. (maybe i'll start A-Java-Haskell-A-Day) This month i just learned and read about how Perl 6 is implemented in Haskell! (because one Taiwaness hacker single-handedly by happenstance tried to do it, as a by-product of learning Haskell) This Pugs (Perl6 in Haskell) really brought two rather incompatible communities together somewhat for mutual exchange. (the learning, on the surface, is politely said to be mutual, but i'm pretty sure it's mostly Perlers learning from the Haskell folks) After seeing Haskell, I don't think I would go back to Perl(which I like better than python but python has the momentum as a general purpose language). That is why I am doing the think in haskell, code in python, whenever possible. ... there is a sentiment among the elite tech-geeking morons, early on imbued by the concept of troll, so that they in general don't communicate and learn from any other language except their own. Anything cross-posted is considered as troll, and the inter-language communication has been essentially completely cut off. Basically, the only ones generating all the garbage posts are these troll-criers themselves. (will have to flesh out on this particular point of net-sociology in a essay some other day.) May be you can tone down a bit if you want a constructive discussion. I am too old to have feelings about opinionated posts(and insensitive to) so I can go through the technical stuff. Confucius said I can always learn something whenever there is 3 people getting together, lousy translation :-) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Microsoft Hatred FAQ
On 19 Oct 2005 09:41:09 GMT, Antoon Pardon [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote or quoted : As far as I understand you, the company should ship the faulty model. This is what they do. However, I find it odd people seriously suggesting that is the way society SHOULD run. -- Canadian Mind Products, Roedy Green. http://mindprod.com Again taking new Java programming contracts. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: dynamical importing
Fredrik Lundh wrote: John Abel wrote: def _importModule( moduleName ): modName = __import__ ( moduleName ) modComponents = moduleName.split( '.' ) for indivComp in modComponents[ 1: ]: modName = getattr( modName, indivComp ) return modName __import__ takes a module name, not an arbitrary file name. /F Didn't mean to imply that it did. By pathToModule, I meant spam.ham as in http://localhost/documentation/Python-Docs-2.4.1/lib/built-in-funcs.html#l2h-6 ( hopefully, that should explain things to the OP ). J -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Microsoft Hatred FAQ
Roedy Green [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Wed, 19 Oct 2005 01:54:14 -0700, David Schwartz [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote or quoted : They have obligations to their clients because (and only because) failure to provide the services they contract to provide will result in lawsuits and harm to the shareholders. All other obligations come from the harm these failures will do to the shareholders. That's the view of Republican, but it is not the only view. Some might say the law trumps that. It does not matter if breaking the law would be more profitable, you still don't do it. Did I say their obligation was to secure their shareholders as much profit as possible? I said their obligation was to their shareholders. I am only continuing this off-topic thread on newsgroups that probably don't want it because it is a basic principle of fairness that a false or distorted comment deserves an rebuttal anywhere that false or distorted comment appears. However, it doesn't deserve a full debate anywhere except where it's on-topic. DS -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Microsoft Hatred FAQ
Antoon Pardon [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] A company figures out something is wrong with one of their new models. They have two options. They can repair the problem or they can leave it as is and brace the laswsuits that will likely follow. An analysis shows that the first option is likely to cost more than the second. As far as I understand you, the company should ship the faulty model. It is impossible to respond to this with anything shorter than many pages. Google for prudent predator if you want all sides to this question. The short answer is maybe. To the people who think that you obviously shouldn't, ask them the following hypothetical: You have a million pounds of grain. Destroying it will probably cost at least ten lives due to starvation. The grain, however, is contaminated, and selling it will likely make ten people sick, of which three will probably die. Should you destroy the grain? You do have an obligation to the shareholders not to commit fraud in their name. DS -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: dynamical importing
Thanks a lot to all. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
problem running a python script using apache,mod_python on linux
hi, i m trying to integrate python with apache on linux.For this i m using mod_python. I dont see any problem with the versions of python,apache and mod_python i m using. the versions i m using are apache version2. mod_python v3.1.14 python2.4 The problem is,when i m running my python script,after starting apache ,it is showing me the code it has. My error_log is showing the following message [Tue Oct 18 19:01:06 2005] [notice] Apache/2.0.55 (Unix) mod_python/3.1.4 Python/2.4.2 configured -- resuming normal operations [Tue Oct 18 19:01:06 2005] [info] Server built: Oct 17 2005 13:07:52 [Tue Oct 18 19:01:06 2005] [debug] prefork.c(956): AcceptMutex: sysvsem (default: sysvsem) the access_log is showing this message: 127.0.0.1 - - [18/Oct/2005:19:01:14 +0530] GET /apache_pb.gif HTTP/1.1 200 2326 127.0.0.1 - - [18/Oct/2005:19:01:19 +0530] GET /test/mptest.py HTTP/1.1 200 110 from the python script,i m returning an apache.OK ,so i think it goin on fine,as i m getting 200i.e the hhtp processing is goin on fine. I have made the required changes to the httpd.conf file *** LoadModule python_module /home/ngupta/Apache2/modules/mod_python.so DocumentRoot /home/ngupta/Apache2/htdocs Directory / AllowOverride FileInfo /Directory *** I m using a .htaccess file placed under Apache2/htdocs/test/ The .htaccess file has the following code ** AddHandler mod_python .py PythonHandler mptest PythonDebug On ** where mptest is python script and is as follows ** from mod_python import apache def handler(req): req.send_http_header() req.write(Hello) return apache.OK ** so if anyone knows where the problem lies ,please tell me. thanks. Neha gupta -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Microsoft Hatred FAQ
Op 2005-10-19, David Schwartz schreef [EMAIL PROTECTED]: Antoon Pardon [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] A company figures out something is wrong with one of their new models. They have two options. They can repair the problem or they can leave it as is and brace the laswsuits that will likely follow. An analysis shows that the first option is likely to cost more than the second. As far as I understand you, the company should ship the faulty model. It is impossible to respond to this with anything shorter than many pages. Google for prudent predator if you want all sides to this question. The short answer is maybe. To the people who think that you obviously shouldn't, ask them the following hypothetical: You have a million pounds of grain. Destroying it will probably cost at least ten lives due to starvation. The grain, however, is contaminated, and selling it will likely make ten people sick, of which three will probably die. Should you destroy the grain? You could sell it, making it clear to those you sell it to that it is contaminated grain and explaining what the risk are in consuming this grain. You do have an obligation to the shareholders not to commit fraud in their name. Well then you can't ship the model unless you also make the problem public. Because shipping the model while you know it has problems is IMO fraud. Free trade IMO involves correct information about what is traded. -- Antoon Pardon -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Vim IS a capable IDE [was Re: Vim capable IDE?]
Thanks for the replies, guys! I had no idea Vim was capable of doing some of those things. The source browser in Vim is slick--I never would have known about that. As far as the GDB goes, it doesn't look like it has support for Python, but it's nice to know it's there for C if I get the chance to learn that language. Where do you guys go to learn all the capabilities of Vim? Just browsing through vim.org? The PIDA site is back up and running. It looks like a real winner! I'll have to download it and give it a whirl. Thanks again, Chris -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: A little help with time calculations
thanks -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
path
I have installed Python 2.3 and I type help() and then Keywords. I get a list of words. And it says that I can enter any of the words to get more help. I enter and and I get the following error message: Sorry, topic and keyword documentation is not available because the Python HTML documentation files could not be found. If you have installed them, please set the environment variable PYTHONDOCS to indicate their location. but I have set both the environment variable, with the path to be C:\Python23\Doc which includes python23.chm Why I still got the above error message? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
path
I have installed Python 2.3 and I type help() and then Keywords. I get a list of words. And it says that I can enter any of the words to get more help. I enter and and I get the following error message: Sorry, topic and keyword documentation is not available because the Python HTML documentation files could not be found. If you have installed them, please set the environment variable PYTHONDOCS to indicate their location. but I have set both the environment variable, with the path to be C:\Python23\Doc which includes python23.chm Why I still got the above error message? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to organize Python files in a (relatively) big project
Hello again, Actually, I found a (pretty ugly) workaround to my problem: In every __init__.py of the subdirectories I created, I add the following lines: import os.path,sys for directory,sub_dir,files in os.walk(os.path.normpath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__),..))): sys.path.append(directory) That add all of the sub-directories of the parent directory to the sys.path. I can then move my files in the directories I want without having to change a single line in them. it may not be very elegant, but for the moment, it will do. Actually, after thinking about it, I think that my problem is more a problem with the os than with python. subdirectories are the only method most OS provide for file organization. If there was a method for, for example, add labels to files and then browse files according to the labels, I wouldn't have this problem. (ok, I could arrange that with the names of the files, but it doesn't feel the same for me). Jason Actually, unless I am wrong, you don't need to add the path of the package with a .pth . It should be done automatically when you import it. Giovanni The usual way is to do import pkgN and then dereference What do you call 'dereference'? do you mean something like 'import spam.foo foo=spam.foo' ? My preferred way is to have __init__.py just do from submodules import *, and then each submodule defines __all__ to specify which are its public symbols. Your solution soud interesting (although it doesn't exactly do what I want in the present case). I would consider it when I have to do hierarchical packages. However, I think I read somewhere that from module import * statements could cause (probably small) performance issue. Do you think this can be the case here? Anyway, thank you all for your very interesting replies. (and sorry for the double-post) TokiDoki -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Yes, this is a python question, and a serious one at that (moving to Win XP)
Chris Lambacher wrote: The shell that comes with MSys (from the MinGW guys). Is pretty good, although it does have a bit of a problem with stdout output before a process exits, ie it will hold back output until the process exits. As a bonus, the file system is a little more sane, and if you are interested in compiling software that is not open source, you are not tied to the Cygwin DLL which is GPLed. Worth mentioning here that cygwin's gcc does allow a -mno-cygwin compile-time flag to not link against the cygwin dll. Cygwin's packaging system also includes the MinGW development libraries as an easily installable option, for compiling against mingw's stuff; I've done it for Python extensions, in fact. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Microsoft Hatred FAQ
Op 2005-10-19, Roger Blake schreef [EMAIL PROTECTED]: In article [EMAIL PROTECTED], Antoon Pardon wrote: A company figures out something is wrong with one of their new models. They have two options. They can repair the problem or they can leave it as is and brace the laswsuits that will likely follow. An analysis shows that the first option is likely to cost more than the second. What you are desribing is the Ford Pinto. (As you may recall, Ford determined that it would cost less to settle the lawsuits of charbroiled customers and their families than to fix the poor engineering of the gas tank on that car.) As far as I understand you, the company should ship the faulty model. That is what Ford did for years with the Pinto. And as far as I understand David Schwartz that was the right decision of Ford. They failed to take into account that beyond the short-term profit numbers, there is an effect on the company's reputation and profitibility when shipping faulty products in a competitive marketplace. Today's U.S. automakers are still suffering from poor reputations they earned decades ago. But that is aftersight. If is always possible that you overlooked something in your analisis or that some information is unavailable. So you are forced to take a decision based on the information then available. Whether or not the problem involves ethics in trading doesn't change that. -- Antoon Pardon -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to get a raised exception from other thread
Now that may not be perfect, since I'm not familiar with the TCPServer() call. I've sort of assumed it does something quickly and returns, or raises an exception if the input is bad. If it doesn't actually return if it starts successfully, you would need a little different approach. Probably adding a simple timeout to the self.startEvent.wait() call would work. It's perfect! Thank you very much. After the .start() call in the main thread, it just waits until was a succesfull thread start. It's just perfect. One more thing, I would like to catch the description string of the error, so I can show it to the user in a Message Box. How can I do that in the main threa, once that I allready catched the exception? Thank you so much -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
ANN: Beginning Python (Practical Python 2.0)
I guess it has actually been out for a while -- I just haven't received my copies yet... Anyways: My book, Beginning Python: From Novice to Professional (Apress, 2005) is now out. It is an expanded and revised version of Practical Python (Apress, 2002). More information can be found at http://hetland.org/writing/beginning-python Thanks, - Magnus -- Magnus Lie HetlandPreparing to stand by. http://hetland.org-- Microsoft Windows -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to get a raised exception from other thread
Ok, sorry about the above question. I solved it adding this to the main thread: try: SrvrTCP = module.ThreadedTCPServer(ip,port) SrvrTCP.start() except Exception, description: MsgBox(self,TCPServer Error:\n\n+str(description),title=TCPServer,style=wx.OK | wx.ICON_ERROR) return Peter, thank you very much. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: [newbie]Is there a module for print object in a readable format?
On Wed, 19 Oct 2005 09:39:48 +0800, James Gan wrote: Hi, Steven :) width parameter do the magic : pprint.pprint([1,2,3,4,[0,1,2,[3,4]],5], width=1,indent=4) [ 1, 2, 3, 4, [ 0, 1, 2, [ 3, 4]], 5] That's not what I get. What are you using? py pprint.pprint([1,2,3,4,[0,1,2], 5], width=1, indent=4) Traceback (most recent call last): File stdin, line 1, in ? TypeError: pprint() got an unexpected keyword argument 'width' -- Steven. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to return correct value of update stmt
hi yes , the table is updated. Just feels uncomfortable with the return of -1. was also concerned that what if the actual table doesn't exist, will it return -1? anyway, i will go check it out .. thanks -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
RE:
Hugo, Cual documento es el que leiste. David. From: hugo hernandez diaz [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: python-list@python.org Date: Tue, 18 Oct 2005 23:03:39 -0600 MIME-Version: 1.0 Received: from smtp-vbr3.xs4all.nl ([194.109.24.23]) by MC8-F32.hotmail.com with Microsoft SMTPSVC(6.0.3790.211); Tue, 18 Oct 2005 22:04:25 -0700 Received: from bag.python.org (bag.python.org [194.109.207.14])by smtp-vbr3.xs4all.nl (8.13.3/8.13.3) with ESMTP id j9J54MXa061233for [EMAIL PROTECTED]; Wed, 19 Oct 2005 07:04:22 +0200 (CEST)(envelope-from [EMAIL PROTECTED]) Received: from bag.python.org (bag [127.0.0.1])by bag.python.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 95D231E4032for [EMAIL PROTECTED]; Wed, 19 Oct 2005 07:04:15 +0200 (CEST) Received: from bag.python.org (bag [127.0.0.1])by bag.python.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 5BCAF1E4002for python-list@python.org; Wed, 19 Oct 2005 07:03:40 +0200 (CEST) Received: from bag (HELO bag.python.org) (127.0.0.1)by bag.python.org with SMTP; 19 Oct 2005 07:03:40 +0200 Received: from xproxy.gmail.com (xproxy.gmail.com [66.249.82.207])by bag.python.org (Postfix) with ESMTPfor python-list@python.org; Wed, 19 Oct 2005 07:03:40 +0200 (CEST) Received: by xproxy.gmail.com with SMTP id t13so5516wxcfor python-list@python.org; Tue, 18 Oct 2005 22:03:39 -0700 (PDT) Received: by 10.70.96.6 with SMTP id t6mr122000wxb;Tue, 18 Oct 2005 22:03:39 -0700 (PDT) Received: by 10.70.109.10 with HTTP; Tue, 18 Oct 2005 22:03:39 -0700 (PDT) X-Message-Info: JGTYoYF78jFNYkjVuLjbNX85tc7/i/AXgguzCWP7ndw= X-Original-To: python-list@python.org Delivered-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] X-Spam-Status: OK 0.270 X-Spam-Level: ** DomainKey-Signature: a=rsa-sha1; q=dns; c=nofws; s=beta; d=gmail.com;h=received:message-id:date:from:to:subject:mime-version:content-type:content-transfer-encoding:content-disposition;b=FLIvjmWGtDhqri9Sr8YsEbgpdJLtM4URogb830Eda/pS+LRylIhvEgXwUstU1Mx/ZUvgk377zjFPDO6aNv9/SZqJlxHkS9RZJEYhx4GjZ4w2mRKYVmirFA1TxXutondJEVbSU9a9l9UfqpW0meVJKGG5Y6nSbIKttyTxRgiWQQQ= X-BeenThere: python-list@python.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.6 Precedence: list List-Id: General discussion list for the Python programming languagepython-list.python.org List-Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list,mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] List-Archive: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list List-Post: mailto:python-list@python.org List-Help: mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] List-Subscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list,mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Errors-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] X-Virus-Scanned: by XS4ALL Virus Scanner Return-Path: [EMAIL PROTECTED] X-OriginalArrivalTime: 19 Oct 2005 05:04:26.0637 (UTC) FILETIME=[941B5BD0:01C5D46A] hola la vdd lei su documento pero no le entoendo bien mas que nada puedo crear algo con este programa si la respuesta es si mas o menos que si la respuesta en no entoncs pa que sirve a ademas no me pueden pasar oyta guia mas facil mmm soy medio lento de aprendizaje gracias -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Dealing with Excel
Robert Hicks wrote: I need to pull data out of Oracle and stuff it into an Excel spreadsheet. What modules have you used to interface with Excel and would you recommend it? Robert http://sourceforge.net/projects/pyexcelerator/ http://sourceforge.net/projects/pyxlwriter/ We use the latter one in the past. As long as your output is plain enough. It's effective and MS-free. The former should be more powerful. Not tested here. Hope this helps Francois -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
parser question
Hello *,
I have one format with this structure
A {
x=1
y=3
B {
z = something here
}
}
C {
}
A {
x=0
y=0
B {
z = other
}
}
are there parsers for this kind of structure?
specially I am interested in all A blocks
just now, I am trying to solve it with re,
pattern = re.compile(r^\s*A\s*{.*}\s*, re.MULTILINE | re.DOTALL)
A_blocks = pattern.findall( file(myFile).read() )
but since there might be subblocks it will fail finding the closing }
character
Regards, Daniel
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Re: Vim IS a capable IDE [was Re: Vim capable IDE?]
On Oct 19, Chris Lasher wrote: Where do you guys go to learn all the capabilities of Vim? Just browsing through vim.org? Just type: :h to see extensive info from the User Manual, Reference Manual, and any plugins. The near-comprehensive doc list: http://vimdoc.sourceforge.net/ I don't see the Reference Manual there. The User Manual in PDF (which I printed really small on 14 pages and now carry in my backpack): http://www.eandem.co.uk/mrw/vim/usr_doc/index.html And the Vim Book (which I have only scanned): http://www.truth.sk/vim/vimbook-OPL.pdf -- _ _ ___ |\/|icah |- lliott http://micah.elliott.name [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: parser question
pattern = re.compile(r^\s*A\s*{.*}\s*, re.MULTILINE | re.DOTALL)
correction
pattern = re.compile(r^\s*A\s*{.*?}\s*, re.MULTILINE | re.DOTALL)
I forgot to make it non gready :)
--
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Re: Dealing with Excel
Using ODBC interface to Oracle Excel can do this without any external (Python) program. Just: 1) Create a ODBC DSN that interfaces with Oracle 2) In Excel do Data-Get External Data-New Database Query 3) Tell Excel what tables/columns/order/filtering you want You can even save the Database Query for later re-use. If you want, you can automate this process using Python COM+ interface to Excel. Larry Bates Robert Hicks wrote: I need to pull data out of Oracle and stuff it into an Excel spreadsheet. What modules have you used to interface with Excel and would you recommend it? Robert -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Is there a module for print object in a readable format?
Maybe you don't have an up to date python version. I'm using 2.4.2. I tried: import pprint pprint.pprint([1,2,3,4,[0,1,2,[3,4]],5], width=1,indent=4) [ 1, 2, 3, 4, [ 0, 1, 2, [ 3, 4]], 5] Works fine. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: UI toolkits for Python
Claudio Grondi [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I haven't seen any really platform-independent software yet and I don't expect to see any in the future. It is simply not possible to have one, even if much progress was done lately in many areas in order to try to approach it as close as possible. Java + Swing is probably as good as it gets when the goal is to write platform independent software. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: [newbie]Is there a module for print object in a readable format?
On Oct 20, Steven D'Aprano wrote: That's not what I get. What are you using? py pprint.pprint([1,2,3,4,[0,1,2], 5], width=1, indent=4) Traceback (most recent call last): File stdin, line 1, in ? TypeError: pprint() got an unexpected keyword argument 'width' I find it useful to have all relevant python versions (as listed on http://www.python.org/download/) installed on my primary test machines. It really helps me with portability testing: $ ls /usr/local/bin/python* /usr/local/bin/python /usr/local/bin/python2.0 /usr/local/bin/python2.1 /usr/local/bin/python2.2 /usr/local/bin/python2.3 /usr/local/bin/python2.4 Then I see that v2.3 didn't have 'width': $ python2.3 -c 'import pprint; pprint.pprint([1,2,3,4,[0,1,2], 5], width=1, indent=4)' Traceback (most recent call last): File string, line 1, in ? TypeError: pprint() got an unexpected keyword argument 'width' But v2.4 does: $ python2.4 -c 'import pprint; pprint.pprint([1,2,3,4,[0,1,2], 5], width=1, indent=4)' [ 1, 2, 3, 4, [ 0, 1, 2], 5] -- _ _ ___ |\/|icah |- lliott http://micah.elliott.name [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: path
The python help function does not use python23.chm, which is a windows only help file. You must open it from a menu item or the desktop explorer. It does contain an entry for and. Other platforms usually have documentation in html format, which is why you get a confusing error message. Regards, Paul Clinch -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: parser question
On Oct 19, Daniel Sch�le wrote:
I have one format with this structure
A {
x=1
y=3
B {
z = something here
}
}
C {
}
A {
x=0
y=0
B {
z = other
}
}
are there parsers for this kind of structure?
specially I am interested in all A blocks
just now, I am trying to solve it with re,
You might be able to tackle this easily enough with REs if your
structures don't nest arbitrarily. It's hard to tell if this deserves
a formal grammar based on the example. If it does, you could try PLY
http://www.dabeaz.com/ply/ (which I've had a pleasant experience
with in the past) or any of the other parsers listed on the PLY site's
Other Python Parsing Tools.
--
_ _ ___
|\/|icah |- lliott http://micah.elliott.name [EMAIL PROTECTED]
--
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Re: UI toolkits for Python
Mark Roseman wrote: What I'm suggesting is taking the effort you'd put to the 5%, and applying that effort instead to making the 95% even better. If that extra effort would affect conversion rates, it's a justifiable option. Yes, but isn't this where the 90/10 rule kicks in? In other words, you transfer the effort from the 5% of users you don't care about, but then just end up adding polish to the majority solution which doesn't significantly improve conversion rates, all because you've done the most effective work to convert those users already. In this case it's even more perilous: adding polish could quite easily eliminate parts of your audience, resulting in an only slightly more plush red carpet being offered to significantly fewer people. Paul -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: UI toolkits for Python
Steve Holden wrote: [80/20 rule] This is as much an economic decision as a marketing one, but a good engineer knows instinctively that there is a desirable cut-off point beyond which adding further functionality is a waste of engineering effort. But Mike Meyer's point was that the Web standards are designed to allow fancy functionality where it's available but for the experience to degrade gracefully where such functionality isn't available. For example, you have all the events module attributes in XHTML, but take away the events capability in the browser and there's a decent chance for the semantics of the application to remain the same: no, you don't get instant updates of the page when you select some menu item, but the user can still have a similar experience which involves slightly more inconvenience - they have to submit the page and get back an updated version from the server. It's misleading to claim that designing in such a way requires huge additional development, especially since the standards are constructed in such a way to facilitate such designs. It goes without saying that implementing advanced functionality on Netscape 3.x and NCSA Mosaic would be a costly and ultimately non-viable burden, but that isn't the issue for many Web applications and wasn't the point being made. Paul -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: [newbie]Is there a module for print object in a readable format?
Micah Elliott wrote: On Oct 20, Steven D'Aprano wrote: That's not what I get. What are you using? py pprint.pprint([1,2,3,4,[0,1,2], 5], width=1, indent=4) Traceback (most recent call last): File stdin, line 1, in ? TypeError: pprint() got an unexpected keyword argument 'width' I find it useful to have all relevant python versions (as listed on http://www.python.org/download/) installed on my primary test machines. If you want to know when a feature was introduced, the docs are often helpful: pprint( object[, stream[, indent[, width[, depth) snip Changed in version 2.4: The parameters indent, width and depth were added. Kent -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: parser question
Micah Elliott wrote: You might be able to tackle this easily enough with REs if your structures don't nest arbitrarily. It's hard to tell if this deserves a formal grammar based on the example. If it does, you could try PLY http://www.dabeaz.com/ply/ (which I've had a pleasant experience with in the past) or any of the other parsers listed on the PLY site's Other Python Parsing Tools. A more complete list is here: http://www.nedbatchelder.com/text/python-parsers.html I have found pyparsing easy to work with. Kent -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: write a loopin one line; process file paths
Xah Lee wrote: Peter Hansen wrote: Xah Lee wrote: If you think i have a point, ... You have neither that, nor a clue. Dear Peter Hansen, My messages speak themselfs. You and your cohorts's stamping of it does not change its nature. And if this is done with repetitiousness, it gives away your nature. It is not necessary to shout against me. But if you must refute (and that is reasonable), try to put content into your posts. (see Philosophies of Netiquette at http://xahlee.org/UnixResource_dir/writ/phil_netiquette.html) Xah, Thanks for the comic relief of this link. The first item of comedy came from the following two sentences: ''' Then at the other extreme is the relatively rare Victorian propensity where each post is a gem of literature carefully crafted and researched for an entire century of readers to appreciate and archive. Xah, Erik Naggum, and [censored] posts are exemplary of this style, to name a few acquaintances like myself. ''' I really don't know which is funnier, that you stated these sentences at all, or that you probably believe them. Several things disqualify you from gaining my classification of scholarly (not that you give a fart what I think): - poor spelling - poor grammar - rambling style with lack of cohesive thought - non-interesting, non-original ideas in your posts - invalid or incorrect points in your discourse The next piece of humor came from these sentences: ''' Go to a newsgroup archive such as dejanews.com and search for your favorite poster. If you find a huge quantity of terse posts that is tiring, boring, has little content, and in general requires you to carefully follow the entire thread to understand it, then you know you've bumped into a conversationalist. ''' By your definition, you mostly fit into the conversationalist category. The only thing that may keep you out of that category is that your ramblings are typically lengthy. So, what you provide is a large number of lengthy, tiring, boring, content-less, non-cohesive posts. Funny that you bash the conversationalists when you have so much in common with them. The third point of humor in this link was the paypal link at the top of the page: ''' If you spend more than 30 minutes on this site, please send $1 to me. Go to http://paypal.com/ and make a payment to [EMAIL PROTECTED] Or send to: P. O. Box 390595, Mountain View, CA 94042-0290, USA. ''' It's humorous to think of anyone spending more than 30 minutes on your site (apart from the obvious stunned amazement at the content, quite like the can't stop watching the train wreck phenomenon). It's even more humorous to think of anyone gaining value from it. But I wouldn't be surprised to hear that some people have actually sent you money. If you deem fit, create a alt.fan.XahLee, and spare the rest of Python community of your politics. I appreciate your fandom. Xah [EMAIL PROTECTED] ∑ http://xahlee.org/ sorry-folks-for-feeding-the-troll-ly y'rs, - jmj -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
ssl and timeout issue
Hello,
I cannot manage to use socket timeouts with an imap ssl connector,and i
badly *need* it :'(
I have already mentionned it here:
http://archives.free.net.ph/message/20050620.151244.e5390efe.en.html
Does anyone have a solution ?
(I thought of coding my own threaded timer over the ssl socket, but...)
Tarek
Traceback:
from imaplib import IMAP4_SSL, IMAP4_SSL_PORT
import socket
test = IMAP4_SSL('mail..com', 993)
test.sock.settimeout(10)
test.login('[EMAIL PROTECTED]', 'password')
Traceback (most recent call last):
File stdin, line 1, *in* ?
File /usr/lib/python2.4/imaplib.py, line 480, *in* login
typ, dat = self._simple_command('LOGIN', user, self._quote(password))
File /usr/lib/python2.4/imaplib.py, line 1028, *in* _simple_command
*return* self._command_complete(name, self._command(name, *args))
File /usr/lib/python2.4/imaplib.py, line 858, *in* _command_complete
typ, data = self._get_tagged_response(tag)
File /usr/lib/python2.4/imaplib.py, line 959, *in* _get_tagged_response
self._get_response()
File /usr/lib/python2.4/imaplib.py, line 876, *in* _get_response
resp = self._get_line()
File /usr/lib/python2.4/imaplib.py, line 969, *in* _get_line
line = self.readline()
File /usr/lib/python2.4/imaplib.py, line 1135, *in* readline
char = self.sslobj.read(1)
socket.sslerror: The read operation timed out
test = IMAP4_SSL('mail..com', 993)
test.login('[EMAIL PROTECTED]', 'password')
('OK', ['LOGIN Ok.'])
--
Tarek Ziadé | Nuxeo RD (Paris, France)
CPS Plateform : http://www.cps-project.org
mail: tziade at nuxeo.com | tel: +33 (0) 6 30 37 02 63
You need Zope 3 - http://www.z3lab.org/
--
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Converting 2bit hex representation to integer ?
Hi I am using binascii.b2a_hex to convert some binary data to hex. The result is a two bit hex representation (i. e., without the leading 0x). How do I convert the resulting two bit representation into an integer ? Thanks. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Converting 2bit hex representation to integer ?
Can you give us an example. I don't know what two bit hex means (takes at least 4 bits to make a hex digit). Now I'm going to try to guess: If the data is binary then all you need to do is to use the struct.unpack module to convert to integer. Larry Bates Madhusudan Singh wrote: Hi I am using binascii.b2a_hex to convert some binary data to hex. The result is a two bit hex representation (i. e., without the leading hex). How do I convert the resulting two bit representation into an integer ? Thanks. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python Doc Error: os.makedirs
Xah Lee wrote: i think the function shouldn't complain if dir already exists. How is a programer to distinguish if the dir already exists, or if there's a problem creating the dir? Of course it should thrown an exception because it was unable to do what it was asked: create a directory. The fact that the directory already exists is irrelevant to the function...it still failed to create the directory. And I have had situations where attempting to create a directory that already exists was an error condition. Jeff -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: problem running a python script using apache,mod_python on linux
Neha, I have made the required changes to the httpd.conf file *** LoadModule python_module /home/ngupta/Apache2/modules/mod_python.so Did you also add the line: AddModule mod_python.c DocumentRoot /home/ngupta/Apache2/htdocs Directory / AllowOverride FileInfo /Directory *** I m using a .htaccess file placed under Apache2/htdocs/test/ The .htaccess file has the following code ** AddHandler mod_python .py PythonHandler mptest PythonDebug On ** I didn't see anything else that jumps out. Brad -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Converting 2bit hex representation to integer ?
Larry Bates wrote: Can you give us an example. I don't know what two bit hex means (takes at least 4 bits to make a hex digit). Like 64(base 16)=100. I am referring to 64 in the above. Now I'm going to try to guess: If the data is binary then all you need to do is to use the struct.unpack module to convert to integer. Doesn't unpack presume that the input is a string ? If so, is it safe to convert binary data to string using str() ? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Converting 2bit hex representation to integer ?
Madhusudan Singh wrote: Larry Bates wrote: Can you give us an example. I don't know what two bit hex means (takes at least 4 bits to make a hex digit). Like 64(base 16)=100. I am referring to 64 in the above. Now I'm going to try to guess: If the data is binary then all you need to do is to use the struct.unpack module to convert to integer. Doesn't unpack presume that the input is a string ? If so, is it safe to convert binary data to string using str() ? Followup to this : I just tried : n=str(x) print struct.unpack(b,n) I get (51,) The corresponding output of binascii.b2a_hex(x) is 33. And 51_10=33_16. So that checks out. What is the deal with the parenthesis and the comma ? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: html parser?
To extract links without the overhead of Beautiful Soup, one option is
to copy what Beautiful Soup does, and write a SGMLParser subclass that
only looks at 'a' tags. In general I think writing SGMLParser
subclasses is a big pain (which is why I wrote Beautiful Soup), but
since you only care about one type of tag it's not so difficult:
from sgmllib import SGMLParser
class LinkParser(SGMLParser):
def __init__(self):
SGMLParser.__init__(self)
self.links = []
self.currentLink = None
self.currentLinkText = []
def start_a(self, attrs):
#If we encounter a nested a tag, end the current a tag and
#start a new one.
if self.currentLink != None:
self.end_a()
for attr, value in attrs:
if attr == 'href':
self.currentLink = value
break
if self.currentLink == None:
self.currentLink = ''
def handle_data(self, data):
if self.currentLink != None:
self.currentLinkText.append(data)
def end_a(self):
self.links.append([self.currentLink,
.join(self.currentLinkText)])
self.currentLink = None
self.currentLinkText = []
Since this ignores any tags other than 'a', it will strip out all tags
from the text within an 'a' tag (this might be what you want, since
your example shows an 'img' tag being stripped out). It will also close
one 'a' tag when it finds another, rather than attempting to nest them.
a href=foo.phpThis text has bembedded HTML tags/b/a
=
[['foo.php', 'This text has embedded HTML tags']]
a href=foo.phpThis text has a name=anchoran embedded
anchor/a.
=
[['foo.php', 'This text has '], ['', 'an embedded anchor']]
Alternatively, you can subclass a Beautiful Soup class to ignore all
tags except for 'a' tags and the tags that they contain. This will give
you the whole Beautiful Soup API, but it'll be faster because Beautiful
Soup will only build a model of the parts of your document within 'a'
tags. The following code seems to work (and it looks like a good
candidate for inclusion in the core package).
from BeautifulSoup import BeautifulStoneSoup
class StrainedStoneSoup(BeautifulStoneSoup):
def __init__(self, interestingTags=[a], *args):
args = list(args)
args.insert(0, self)
self.interestingMap = {}
for tag in interestingTags:
self.interestingMap[tag] = True
apply(BeautifulStoneSoup.__init__, args)
def unknown_starttag(self, name, attrs, selfClosing=0):
if self.interestingMap.get(name) or len(self.tagStack) 1:
BeautifulStoneSoup.unknown_starttag(self, name, attrs,
selfClosing)
def unknown_endtag(self, name):
if len(self.tagStack) 1:
BeautifulStoneSoup.unknown_endtag(self, name)
def handle_data(self, data):
if len(self.tagStack) 1:
BeautifulStoneSoup.handle_data(self, data)
--
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Re: Converting 2bit hex representation to integer ?
Madhusudan Singh wrote: Can you give us an example. I don't know what two bit hex means (takes at least 4 bits to make a hex digit). Like 64(base 16)=100. I am referring to 64 in the above. that's two digits, not two bits. print int(64, 16) 100 Now I'm going to try to guess: If the data is binary then all you need to do is to use the struct.unpack module to convert to integer. Doesn't unpack presume that the input is a string ? If so, is it safe to convert binary data to string using str() ? since Python uses string objects to hold binary data, that shouldn't be necessary. (struct also supports the CPython low-level buffer protocol, so it works with any type that sees itself as a string of bytes). /F -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Threads and socket.setdefaulttimeout
Thanks for the detailed repsone... sorry for the lag in responding to it. After reading and further thought, the only reason I was using setdefaulttimeout in the first place (rather then using a direct settimeout on the socket) was because it seemed like the only way (and easy) of getting access to the seemingly deeply buried socket being used by xmlrpclib. That was prior to me using threads of course. I then started trying to make this solution work with thread, but it is now too convoluted as you say. Now I think the best solution is likely to redirect my efforts at getting access to the socket used by xmlrpclib so that I can set it's timeout directly. I'm still unclear how to do this cleanly, though. Getting to some of your comments. When you say one thread affects another, I see that your example uses the same function for both threads. IMHO it's much better to override the thread's run() method than to provide a callable at thread creating time. That way you can be sure each thread's execution is firmly in the context of the particular thread instance's namespace. having said all this, I don't think that's your issue. Correct - the bottom code is nothing to do with my code and was only to quickly prove that it was cross-thread. This seems extremely contorted, and I'm pretty sure we can find a better way. Couldn't agree more! The threads' network calls should be yielding process control during their timeout period to allow other runnable threads to proceed. That's Yep. This is not causing me any problem. You are aware, I presume, that you can set a timeout on each socket individually using its settimeout() method? Yes, but I momentarily had forgot about it... as mentioned I ended up making the since-bad choice of using setdefaulttimeout to get timeouts set on the inaccessible sockets. Then I carried it too far... See above. However, this *does* require you to have access to the sockets, which is tricky if they are buried deep in some opaque object's methods. Any help on how to crack the safe would be appreciated. There are locks! I suspect what you need is a threading.Rlock object, that a thread has to hold to be able to modify the (global) default timeout. This isn't a full solution to your problem, though, as you have correctly deduced. Not quite what I was after I don't think since potentially interfering code needs to check the lock (via acquire) to avoid conflict. What I guess I mean is something general for the process saying never ever interrupt this block og code by running code on another thread, regardless of whether the other thread(s) check a lock. Thinking more about it it seems unreasonable so I'll drop the question. Russ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Threads and socket.setdefaulttimeout
Russell Warren wrote: Thanks for the detailed repsone... sorry for the lag in responding to it. [discussion of problems with timeouts on threaded code's sockets] Not quite what I was after I don't think since potentially interfering code needs to check the lock (via acquire) to avoid conflict. What I guess I mean is something general for the process saying never ever interrupt this block og code by running code on another thread, regardless of whether the other thread(s) check a lock. Thinking more about it it seems unreasonable so I'll drop the question. Well, I'm about out of ideas, but c.l.py is a very inventive group, so maybe someone else will be able to contribute a bright thought. Anyone? regards Steve -- Steve Holden +44 150 684 7255 +1 800 494 3119 Holden Web LLC www.holdenweb.com PyCon TX 2006 www.python.org/pycon/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
question about timestamp and MySQLdb
I am using MySQLdb to connect to a database and retrieve a timestamp from a table. The problem is I want the timestamp as a long, unformatted and all. In the table I have a timestamp like this 20051019111617 But, when I retrieve the value and print it I get 2005-10-19 11:16:17 I want the numeric version, not the converted date. Any suggestions? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Controlling exception handling of logging module
Suppose the following are part of a long file and executed: logging.basicConfig(stream = sys.stderr, level=logging.INFO) logging.info(%d %d, 1, 2, 3)# buggy Python prints the traceback of the error as follows: Traceback (most recent call last): File .../local/lib/python2.4/logging/__init__.py, line 706, in emit msg = self.format(record) File .../local/lib/python2.4/logging/__init__.py, line 592, in format return fmt.format(record) File .../local/lib/python2.4/logging/__init__.py, line 382, in format record.message = record.getMessage() File .../local/lib/python2.4/logging/__init__.py, line 253, in getMessage msg = msg % self.args TypeError: not all arguments converted during string formatting It tells why error occurred, but the traceback is not helpful to locate where it occurred. I believe that's because the logging module caught and ate up the exception. I understand that this is a sensible setting as logging shouldn't harm the main program, but in the debugging phase, I really want this exception to propagate up so that I can easily locate from my code. Is there any way to control this behavior so the error is not handled by the logging module itself? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
