Python and STL efficiency
Hi, I'm learning STL and I wrote some simple code to compare the
efficiency of python and STL.
//C++
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
int main(){
vector a;
for (long int i=0; i<1 ; ++i){
a.push_back("What do you know?");
a.push_back("so long...");
a.push_back("chicken crosses road");
a.push_back("fool");
}
set b(a.begin(), a.end());
unique_copy(b.begin(), b.end(), ostream_iterator(cout, "\n"));
}
#python
def f():
a = []
for i in range(1):
a.append('What do you know')
a.append('so long...')
a.append('chicken crosses road')
a.append('fool')
b = set(a)
for s in b:
print s
I was using VC++.net and IDLE, respectively. I had expected C++ to be
way faster. However, while the python code gave the result almost
instantly, the C++ code took several seconds to run! Can somebody
explain this to me? Or is there something wrong with my code?
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: tkinter prob
i have tried it out but it's not working.
this is the code
from Tkinter import *
class abc:
def __init__(self,parent):
#make container myparent
self.myparent=parent
self.myparent.geometry("500x200")
#make the initial frame
self.frame=Frame(self.myparent)
self.frame.pack()
self.var=IntVar()
self.var.set(0)
a=Button(self.frame,text="button")
a.pack()
Checkbutton(self.frame,text="hello",variable=self.var,command=self.com(a)).pack()
def com(self,a):
if self.var.get()==1:
a.config(state=ENABLED)
else:
a.config(state=DISABLED)
root=Tk()
abc(root)
root.mainloop()
Fredrik Lundh wrote:
> JyotiC wrote:
>
> > i am making a GUI using Tkinter,
> > I have a button and a checkbutton.
> > i want the button to be enable when checkbutton is on and disble when
> > the checkbutton is off.
>
> use the checkbutton's command option to install a callback that enables
> or disables the button.
>
>
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: write eof without closing
Alex Martelli wrote:
>> IIRC, ctrl-Z is not used _in_files_ to represent EOF. Only
>> when text is being entered at the console.
>
> Easy to test, if you have Windows:
>
n='foo.txt'
s='ba\r\n'+chr(26)+'bo\r\r'
open(n,'wb').write(s)
ss=open(n).read()
ss
> 'ba\n'
>
> As you see, in _text_ files on Windows a control-Z (char(26), AKA
> '\x1a') does indeed represent "end of file"
your test doesn't match the OP's example, though, which used control-Z
to signal end of file when reading from the console:
>copy con test.txt
hello
^Z
1 file(s) copied.
that control-Z works in the same way as control-D on Unix, and no EOF
character is copied to the file:
>python -c "print repr(open('test.txt', 'rb').read())"
'hello\r\n'
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: tkinter prob
JyotiC wrote: > i am making a GUI using Tkinter, > I have a button and a checkbutton. > i want the button to be enable when checkbutton is on and disble when > the checkbutton is off. use the checkbutton's command option to install a callback that enables or disables the button. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: trouble using "\" as a string
> such as tempname="\"..it says that the line is single qouted.
The others have addressed the escape issue I think. However it looks
like you want the funtionality of the os.path module. For example:
>>> import os.path as path
>>> filename = "/home/ant/test.sh"
>>> filename2 = r"c:\python24\scripts\test.py"
>>> path.split(filename)
('/home/ant', 'test.sh')
>>> path.split(filename2)
('c:\\python24\\scripts', 'test.py')
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: istep() addition to itertool? (Was: Re: Printing n elements per line in a list)
In <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, Justin Azoff wrote: > Rhamphoryncus wrote: > [snip interesting istep function] > >> Would anybody else find this useful? Maybe worth adding it to itertool? > > yeah, but why on earth did you make it so complicated? > > def istep(iterable, step): > a=[] > for x in iterable: > if len(a) >= step: > yield a > a=[] > a.append(x) > if a: > yield a This is not as "lazy" as Rhamphoryncus' function anymore. Lets say the `iterable` is a stream of events, then your function always needs to "receive" `step` events before the caller can do anything else with the events. In Rhamphoryncus' function the caller can react on the event as soon as it's "delivered" by `iterable`. Ciao, Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
tkinter prob
hi, i am making a GUI using Tkinter, I have a button and a checkbutton. i want the button to be enable when checkbutton is on and disble when the checkbutton is off. thanx -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
python-list@python.org
I'll be out of the office until approximately August 20th. If you have any questions, please email [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- David Wahler -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Subject: ANN: pycairo release 1.2.2 now available
I'll be out of the office until approximately August 20th. If you have any questions, please email [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- David Wahler -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: [ANN] PyYAML-3.04: YAML parser and emitter for Python
I'll be out of the office until approximately August 20th. If you have any questions, please email [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- David Wahler -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Reported (was Re: A Editor Feature for Extending)
"Xah Lee" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: Let's see how fast we can drop you from another hosting provider :-D. -- JohnExperienced Perl programmer: http://castleamber.com/ Perl help, tutorials, and examples: http://johnbokma.com/perl/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: trouble using "\" as a string
OriginalBrownster wrote: > i want this because using python I am pulling in filenames from a > mac..thus they are "/" in the pathways..and i want to .split it at the > "/" to obtain the filename at the end...but its proving diffucult with > this obstacle in the way. sounds like you want import posixpath posixpath.basename(path) assuming you are on a windows box,otherwise the normal os.path.basename will do it. -- - Justin -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: istep() addition to itertool? (Was: Re: Printing n elements per line in a list)
Rhamphoryncus wrote: > I've run into this problem a few times, and although many solutions > have been presented specifically for printing I would like to present a > more general alternative. [snip interesting istep function] > Would anybody else find this useful? Maybe worth adding it to itertool? yeah, but why on earth did you make it so complicated? def istep(iterable, step): a=[] for x in iterable: if len(a) >= step: yield a a=[] a.append(x) if a: yield a -- - Justin -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Input from the same file as the script
you can (ab)use doc strings. See the doctest module for an example. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: A Editor Feature for Extending Selection based on Language Syntax
On 20 Aug 2006 21:49:45 -0700, Xah Lee <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> can anyone give me a guide about writing a short elisp function? (for
> non-emacs readers, this message will describe a editor feature i think
> will be very beneficial to spread this concept.)
>
> i want to write a function such that, when run, highlight a region
> between the nearest left and right delimiters. Delimiters are any of
> parenthesis, square brackets, or single and double quotes etc. When the
> function is run again, it extends the selection to the next enclosing
> delimiters.
>
> So, in this way, a user can repeatedly press a keyboard shortcut and
> extend the selection.
This functionality can be found in NewEdit
(http://wiki.woodpecker.org.cn/moin/NewEdit), first put the caret in
middle of delimeters, such as ''""(){}[], then press Ctrl+E, the text
between delimeters will be selected. And there are two direction of
selection, left first and right first(Ctrl+Shift+E). If you press
Ctrl+Alt+E again, the the delimeters will be selected.
>
> This is feature of BBEdit/TextWrangler on the Mac, which extend
> selection to the nearest outer parenthesis. This is also a feature of
> the Mathematica editor, which actually extend selection to the nearest
> syntactical unit in the language, not just paired delimiters.
>
> What i wanted this for is mostly in editing HTML/XML, where one press
> can select the content, another press will include the enclosing tags,
> another press extends the selection to the next outer content, and
> another press include that tags too, and so on.
>
NewEdit can not support this feature now.
--
I like python!
My Blog: http://www.donews.net/limodou
My Django Site: http://www.djangocn.org
NewEdit Maillist: http://groups.google.com/group/NewEdit
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
A Editor Feature for Extending Selection based on Language Syntax
can anyone give me a guide about writing a short elisp function? (for
non-emacs readers, this message will describe a editor feature i think
will be very beneficial to spread this concept.)
i want to write a function such that, when run, highlight a region
between the nearest left and right delimiters. Delimiters are any of
parenthesis, square brackets, or single and double quotes etc. When the
function is run again, it extends the selection to the next enclosing
delimiters.
So, in this way, a user can repeatedly press a keyboard shortcut and
extend the selection.
This is feature of BBEdit/TextWrangler on the Mac, which extend
selection to the nearest outer parenthesis. This is also a feature of
the Mathematica editor, which actually extend selection to the nearest
syntactical unit in the language, not just paired delimiters.
What i wanted this for is mostly in editing HTML/XML, where one press
can select the content, another press will include the enclosing tags,
another press extends the selection to the next outer content, and
another press include that tags too, and so on.
I'm a elisp newbie. Here's a simple code i have so far:
(defun d ()
"extend selection to nearest enclosing delimiters"
(interactive)
(skip-chars-backward "^<>()“”{}[]")
(push-mark)
(skip-chars-forward "^<>()“”{}[]")
(exchange-point-and-mark 1)
)
... i think i have quite a lot to go... I think this would be a great
feature for any mode, where the a keypress will highlight more
syntactical units in any language's mode. For example, suppose in
C-like language:
function f (arg1, arg2) {
line1;
line2;
}
if the cursor is at arg1, then first press will highlight the content
of the args, another press includes the parens, another press will
include the whole function. If the cursor is at line1, then it selects
that word in the line, then the line, then the whole function def body,
then including {}, then the whole function... etc in many languages.
For a xml language example, suppose we have this RSS/Atom example:
Gulliver's Travels
tag:xahlee.org,2006-08-21:030437
2006-08-20T20:04:41-07:00
Annotated a chapter of Gulliver's Travels
If the cursor is inside a tag's enclosing content, say, on the T in
Gulliver's Travels inside the tag, then the repeated extension
is obvious. But however, suppose the cursor is at t in the
“alternate” inside the “link” tag, then it would first select
the whole “alternate” word, then the whole “rel="alternate"”,
then the whole link tag, then the whole content of the entry tag, then
including the “” tags itself.
(in short, the selection extends according to the language's syntax
tree)
Xah
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
∑ http://xahlee.org/
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: pickling or xml or other?
You could use a python file and use the builtin import facility to read in configurations. from http://dirtsimple.org/2004/12/python-is-not-java.html ... in Python, more often than not, code is easier to write than XML. And Python can process code much, much faster than your code can process XML. (Not only that, but you have to write the XML processing code, whereas Python itself is already written for you.) placid wrote: > Hi all, > > I have an application were i want the user to "configure" some settings > which are variables within different classes. > > My question is should i just pickle out these variables to a file in > some particular order then read it back. Or use xml to save the config > values ? Which one scales better if settings increase? > > Other sugestions? > > -Cheers -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Is there a python system to admin MySQL database online?
Just like the phpMySQLadmin? Thanks for reply! -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: write eof without closing
Grant Edwards <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: ... > IIRC, ctrl-Z is not used _in_files_ to represent EOF. Only > when text is being entered at the console. Easy to test, if you have Windows: >>> n='foo.txt' >>> s='ba\r\n'+chr(26)+'bo\r\r' >>> open(n,'wb').write(s) >>> ss=open(n).read() >>> ss 'ba\n' As you see, in _text_ files on Windows a control-Z (char(26), AKA '\x1a') does indeed represent "end of file" -- a convention going back to CP/M (which lacked metadata to represent file length except in multiples of 256 characters, if I recall correctly) and is still followed by Windows (and by Python running on Windows). Nevertheless I doubt it would help the original poster -- I think, like /F and you, that a line-end and flush may be what he needs. Alex -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: What would be the best way to run python client in the background
Ravi Teja wrote: > gel wrote: > > Hi > > I have written a python client server app that keeps an eye on > > processes starting and ending on a client and makes decision on what to > > do based on information from the server end. I want to run the client > > end of the app more or less invisibly (no console) on the XP clients > > when ever a users logs on. What would be the best way to get this > > done? A bit more info on the purpose of the app... it is to act as a > > licence server, where we have a limited number of licences for software > > and the software installed on all PCs. The app will only allow a pre > > defined number of clients to run the software at any one time. > > To run a python script without a console - use *.pyw extension. > > But from what you stated you perhaps don't want to do this. Whether you > deploy this check as a service (through py2exe for example) or a > straight script, the users may simply kill it if they want to bypass > the check. Plus it is not common to use a seperate persistant process > to check for licenses. A better way is to incorporate the check > directly into the process of the software. The reason for the a seperate persistant check is because it will be used to enable software to be installed in whole lab of PCs but only allow a predifined number to run the software at any time one time. And then when a user stop using the software a licence will become available to for someone else on the same or another PC to use the software. The reason that the process of the software being check is not used is because it will be used for software written by other people. I hope this makes what and why a little clearer. Let me know if you think that I have misunderstoood you. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how do you get the name of a dictionary?
On Fri, 18 Aug 2006 11:45:05 -0700, Andy Terrel wrote:
> here is an easy hack, I don't know if there is an explicit function.
>
>
> for i in dir():
> if eval(i) == Banana:
> print i
Let's just hope that there is no way for black-hats to remotely inject
code objects into your namespace:
>>> class Killer:
... def __repr__(self):
... import os
... os.system('echo Do something evil...')
... return "Your system is 0wn3d"
...
>>> x = Killer()
Now x is sitting there in your namespace like a mine, just waiting for
you to call eval('x').
Okay, so maybe it isn't the most likely security threat in the universe,
but it is a reminder that eval() can have side-effects. In this specific
instance, if repr() has a side-effect (e.g. an object that knows how many
times it has been printed), so will your code. That's probably not a good
thing to do.
--
Steven D'Aprano
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: What would be the best way to run python client in the background
gel wrote: > Hi > I have written a python client server app that keeps an eye on > processes starting and ending on a client and makes decision on what to > do based on information from the server end. I want to run the client > end of the app more or less invisibly (no console) on the XP clients > when ever a users logs on. What would be the best way to get this > done? A bit more info on the purpose of the app... it is to act as a > licence server, where we have a limited number of licences for software > and the software installed on all PCs. The app will only allow a pre > defined number of clients to run the software at any one time. To run a python script without a console - use *.pyw extension. But from what you stated you perhaps don't want to do this. Whether you deploy this check as a service (through py2exe for example) or a straight script, the users may simply kill it if they want to bypass the check. Plus it is not common to use a seperate persistant process to check for licenses. A better way is to incorporate the check directly into the process of the software. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: write eof without closing
On 2006-08-19, Tim Chase <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: >>> can i write a eof to a file descriptor without closing it? >> >> No. Not on Windows, OS-X, or Unix. There is no such thing as >> "an eof". >> >> On CP/M Ctrl-Z is used as EOF for text files. > > Common Dos/Window convention also uses ctrl+Z (0x1a) for EOF. > > c:\> copy con test.txt > hello > ^Z > c:\> IIRC, ctrl-Z is not used _in_files_ to represent EOF. Only when text is being entered at the console. > *nix usually uses ctrl+D (0x04) as an EOF signal...and OS-X > being Unixish also uses the same. > > bash$ cat > test.txt > hello > ^D > bash$ That's just the tty line-discipline layer of the tty driver. When it sees Ctrl-D as the first thing on a "line", it closes the file descriptor causing the client to see an EOF. That feature in the line-discipline layer can be disabled or configured to use any other character. I suspect what the OP really needs to do is write a newline and then flush the stream. -- Grant Edwards grante Yow! I'm pretending that at we're all watching PHIL visi.comSILVERS instead of RICARDO MONTALBAN! -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: uploading files to file system/zipping/downloading problems
Assuming your upload_file.file.read() function works, the overwriting should be the only issue. Just want to point out that total_data += data is not advisable for this example (speed/efficiency issue, although i'm sure it could probably be even faster than what I replace it with if u decided to use arrays, but it's probably not worth it XD), and I think open() was replaced by file(), although they're probably interchangable. new code - total_data = ' ' temp_data = [] while True: data = upload_file.file.read(8192) if not data: break temp_data.append(data) total_data = ' '.join(temp_data) somefile = file(target_file_name, 'wb') somefile.write(total_data) f.close() --- OriginalBrownster wrote: > I am currently uploading a file from a users computer to the file > system on my server using python, just reading the file and writing the > binaries. > > total_data=' ' > while True: > data = upload_file.file.read(8192) > if not data: > break > total_data += data > f = open(target_file_name, 'wb') > f.write(total_data) > f.close > > However when i download the file from the server it is not intact and > it cannot be opened. It is happening with every type of file. > > It seemed to be working before and now it is..maybe I goofed up and > deleted something. > However I can't seem to find it. > > any ideas?? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: string validation/ form validation
OriginalBrownster wrote: > Hi there: > > I just had a quick thought of something that might be useful to me when > creating my web app and I wanted some help on the idea; since this > group has been helpful in the past. > > in my app I have a few html forms that require the user to enter in > data, in string form > > is it possible to validate if the string is in a valid form..such as > check if its a list > > An example > > ask the user to enter in a list seperated by commas > > so i want something like "apple,banana,grapes" > > is there a way to validate that it was entered that way? > > Any help would be appreciated Yes. Please read this: http://www.catb.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html Peace, ~Simon -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
string validation/ form validation
Hi there: I just had a quick thought of something that might be useful to me when creating my web app and I wanted some help on the idea; since this group has been helpful in the past. in my app I have a few html forms that require the user to enter in data, in string form is it possible to validate if the string is in a valid form..such as check if its a list An example ask the user to enter in a list seperated by commas so i want something like "apple,banana,grapes" is there a way to validate that it was entered that way? Any help would be appreciated -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: What would be the best way to run python client in the background
Roger Upole wrote: > You can use the Task Scheduler to run a script at login. > It's not as robust as creating a service, but it's much less > work. > > Roger > OK thanks Roger I will have a bit a look at that option. It is fairly important for the solution to be robust, but this maybe enough. Cheers > "gel" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] > > Hi > > I have written a python client server app that keeps an eye on > > processes starting and ending on a client and makes decision on what to > > do based on information from the server end. I want to run the client > > end of the app more or less invisibly (no console) on the XP clients > > when ever a users logs on. What would be the best way to get this > > done? A bit more info on the purpose of the app... it is to act as a > > licence server, where we have a limited number of licences for software > > and the software installed on all PCs. The app will only allow a pre > > defined number of clients to run the software at any one time. > > -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: List comparison help please
Simon Forman wrote: > 1) Don't use "dir", "file", and "list" as variable names, those are > already python built in objects (the dir() function, list type, and > file type, respectively.) Thanks. My own stupidity on this one. > 2) 'r' is the default for open(), omit it. "self.flist = > open(file).readlines()" > Could you clarify? Show an example. Sorry if I sound newbyish, but I am. > 5) Since you have a list of things you're matching (excluding actually) > this part: > > > for item in self.flist: > > if item == fname[:-4]: > > pass > > else: > > self.matches.append(fname) > > could become: > > if fname[:-4] not in self.flist: self.matches.append(fname) Thanks. This was what I was looking for. > 6) Why are you using #~ for comments? This is just the automatic commenting on scite. I put my cursor on the line I want to comment and press ctrl-q ans scite comments out the whole line or selection. As for why the lines are commented; I commented these lines so I could test out some of the code prior to running the next bit. > Also, check out os.path.splitext() > http://docs.python.org/lib/module-os.path.html#l2h-1761 > I will check this out also. Thank You for your help. You have answered some questions for me. Thanks:) SA -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: List comparison help please
Bucco wrote: > I am trying to compare a list of items to the list of files generated > by os.listdir. I am having trouble getting this to work and think I > may be going down the wrong path. Please let me know if hter is a > better way to do this. THis is what I have for my class so far: > > import os, sys > > class MatchList: > def __init__(self, dir, file): > self.dir = os.listdir(dir) > self.flist = open(file, 'r').readlines() > self.matches = [] > def matcher(self): > #~ matches = [] > for fname in self.dir: > #~ print fname > if fname[-4] == '.': > for item in self.flist: > if item == fname[:-4]: > pass > else: > self.matches.append(fname) > #~ else: > #~ break > #~ if self.matches == '': > #~ print "Sorry, there was no match." > #~ else: > #~ for item in matches: > #~ print item > def matchedFiles(self): > for item in self.matches: print item > > if __name__ == '__main__': > dir = sys.argv[1] > file = sys.argv[2] > list = open(file, 'r').readlines() > test = MatchList(dir, file) > test.matcher() > test.matchedFiles() > > > Thanks in advance for your help. > > :) > SA 0) What kind of trouble? 1) Don't use "dir", "file", and "list" as variable names, those are already python built in objects (the dir() function, list type, and file type, respectively.) 2) 'r' is the default for open(), omit it. "self.flist = open(file).readlines()" 3) The output of file.readlines() includes the newline at the end of each line. Use the rstrip() method of strings if this is a problem for you: lines = [line.rstrip() for line in open(file).readlines()] 4) This is bizarre: > if item == fname[:-4]: > pass > else: > self.matches.append(fname) why not "if item != fname[:-4]: self.matches.append(fname)"? But, note, you're appending fname to self.matches once for every item in self.flist that it does not match. You might want to put a break statement in there: if item != fname[:-4]: self.matches.append(fname) break But see the next point: 5) Since you have a list of things you're matching (excluding actually) this part: > for item in self.flist: > if item == fname[:-4]: > pass > else: > self.matches.append(fname) could become: if fname[:-4] not in self.flist: self.matches.append(fname) 6) Why are you using #~ for comments? Also, check out os.path.splitext() http://docs.python.org/lib/module-os.path.html#l2h-1761 HTH, ~Simon -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
looking for help with dex tracker
I have a project on sourceforge that is going to be a tracker for csound currently it is a text editor with some external programs attached. There is no complex thing to do to join just post to http://groups.google.com/group/dexrow-software-and-programming-group the software is available at https://sourceforge.net/projects/dex-tracker currently what I am trying to do is write reusable routines for text file conversion i.e. remove a representation of an instrument or add one. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: What would be the best way to run python client in the background
Tim Golden wrote: > | > [gel] > | > > | > | I have written a python client server app [...] > | > | I want to run the client end of the app more or less invisibly > | > | (no console) on the XP clients when ever a users logs on. > > While this isn't answering the question you first > asked, might I suggest an alternative approach? > Obviously, I'm working from no more than the sketch > you gave of your app and its requirements, but might > it be worth turning the problem on its head, and > using WMI? > > Advantages: > > 1) WMI will -- almost certainly -- already be running on your > target machines. No need to install your own service. > > 2) WMI has a fair range of mechanisms for determining > what processes are starting, stopping, etc. and for > manipulating them remotely. > > 3) You can, at least in theory, access any number of machines > from a central server, and with a bit of judicious threading > or looping, you should be able to generate a fair bit of resilience > to machine dropouts etc. > > Disadvantages: > > 1) What you're doing may be far more complex than you've > outlined, requiring a local service per target machine > for other reasons. > > 2) You may have already invested some amount of time and > effort in developing an app which does what you want. > > 3) I may have entirely misunderstood what you're trying > to do in any case. > > If you're interested and want a code sample, let me know. > If you're not, that's fine. > > TJG > Hi Tim Thanks for your suggestion, I have just got to read the post now and appolagise to you and the others who have replied to my post for the big gap. I will have a read today and get back to you. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: List comparison help please
20 Aug 2006 14:47:14 -0700, Bucco <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>:
> I am trying to compare a list of items to the list of files generated
> by os.listdir. I am having trouble getting this to work and think I
> may be going down the wrong path. Please let me know if hter is a
> better way to do this. THis is what I have for my class so far:
>
Have you tried using sets?
>>> import os
>>> os.listdir('/')
['lost+found', 'var', 'etc', 'media', 'cdrom', 'bin', 'boot', 'dev',
'home', 'initrd', 'lib', 'mnt', 'opt', 'proc', 'root', 'sbin', 'srv',
'sys', 'tmp', 'usr', 'initrd.img', 'vmlinuz', 'windows',
'initrd.img.old', 'vmlinuz.old']
>>> s = set(os.listdir('/'))
>>> p = set(['opt', 'mnt', 'initrd', 'home', 'tmp', 'lib', 'media',
'boot', 'usr', 'var', 'proc', 'bin', 'sys', 'initrd.img.old', 'cdrom',
'lost+found', 'sbin', 'vmlinuz.old', 'windows'])
>>> s - p
set(['dev', 'etc', 'vmlinuz', 'srv', 'root', 'initrd.img'])
--
Felipe.
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Send to all clients using UDP in Twisted
Elliot Hughes wrote: > Hi Everyone, I am trying to right a server that can receive a message > and send it to all clients using UDP on twisted. I have got it so far > that it can echo to the client that sent the message but not to the > rest. I tried using multicast but that requires almost total rewrite, > and the client which is not in python can't handle it. Are there any > alternative methods or a workaround? > > Thanks alot for your time! > Depends on you network topology and infrastructure, one possible option is that if the clients are on the same subnet you could send it to the broadcast address, however that wouldn't make your netadmin happy, if he didn't filter broadcast in the first place (many switches default filter that). -- mph -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to get the ascii code of Chinese characters?
On 2006-08-20 10:31:20, Fredrik Lundh wrote: >> "range is least 0..65535" : upper_bound >= 65535 >> "goes beyond 65535" : upper_bound > 65535 >> >> For some discussions (like how to represent code points etc) this >> distinction is crucial. > > do you know anything about how Unicode is used in real life, or are you > just squabbling ? Your point is? Gerhard -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Text to MP3 using pyTTS - Non-programmer question
Marc Shapiro wrote: > From what I've seen, pyTTS is Windows only. Is there a package that > runs on linux that provides similar functionality. I have festival and > festlite, but I would prefer a Python solution. From: http://www.cam.org/~nico/cicero/cicero-README.txt """ Cicero TTS: A Small, Fast and Free Text-To-Speech Engine. Copyright 2003-2006 Nicolas Pitre <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Copyright 2003-2006 Stéphane Doyon <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Version 0.7, March 2006 Our TTS engine currently speaks French and some resemblance of English, although we hope it can some day be taught to speak good English or other languages. The engine uses context-sensitive rules to produce phonemes from the text. It relies on MBROLA (http://tcts.fpms.ac.be/synthesis/mbrola.html) to generate actual audio output from the phonemes. The TTS engine is implemented using the Python programming language. We've come up with this TTS to try and meet our own needs as blind users. """ """ This is still an early release of our TTS, quality is beta-ish. Installation/integration surely has rough edges still, and pronunciation is constantly improving. The TODO-list is still generous. """ I've not tried this, but I suspect this might be a good place to start (though coaxing it to do english might well be a project in itself, depending on what they mean by "some semblance of English" :-) Regards, Michael. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: uploading files to file system/zipping/downloading problems
On Sun, 20 Aug 2006 13:49:22 -0700, OriginalBrownster wrote: > I am currently uploading a file from a users computer to the file > system on my server using python, just reading the file and writing the > binaries. > > total_data=' ' > while True: > data = upload_file.file.read(8192) > if not data: > break > total_data += data > f = open(target_file_name, 'wb') > f.write(total_data) > f.close > > However when i download the file from the server it is not intact and > it cannot be opened. It is happening with every type of file. > > It seemed to be working before and now it is..maybe I goofed up and > deleted something. > However I can't seem to find it. > > any ideas?? You are re-creating, and overwriting, your file every time you go into that while loop. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: cloning generator iterators
Bernhard Mulder wrote: > [ attempt to clone/fork a generator ] You can do this, but you can't pickle the results. (If you want pickling, use Stackless - I've not tried pickling generators in stackless because I don't use stackless, but it looks pretty clear you can pickle them there) > Question: What is the best way to implement this clone operation? However you should be able to do what you want using the small extension "statesaver" which you can grab from * http://www.gosubway.org/install/statesaver.c The statesaver allows you to clone generators in the way that you want. FWIW, I can see lots of situations where this would be useful - mainly in the area of dealing with search spaces (After all, this effectively allows you to fork the generator). Michael. -- http://kamaelia.sourceforge.net/Home - Concurrency, Networking, Simplicity -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Permission Denied
On Sun, 20 Aug 2006 10:35:31 -0300, Jorge Godoy <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > Stargaming <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes: > >> In the most cases, PATH is preconfigured to include "." (. is the current >> directory as .. is the parent one). > > I most cases on Unix boxes it isn't configured to include ".". Indeed -- but "Stargaming" might have missed a negation somewhere, because he went on to say [rearranged from the above] >> You can use ./yourpythonscript in this >> case. which is precisely what you /don't/ need to type if you have placed . in your $PATH. > The solution of creating a directory and adding it to PATH is the best one, > IMHO. Having a "~/bin" is also common for Linux and some distributions of it > already ship with it in /etc/skel and in the PATH, so just put a link there or > copy your scripts there. > >> The most "advanced" way would be expanding PATH with >> /home/youraccount/python/learning (use PATH=$PATH:/path/here..). > > Yes. This is the best. I wouldn't want random scripts under development ending up in my $PATH, not even my own. When you're just playing with/developing scripts, it's better to execute them by path (./foo.py etc). When you think they work and you have a long-term use for them, you install them globally, or copy, move or link them into your ~/bin/. /Jorgen -- // Jorgen Grahn R'lyeh wgah'nagl fhtagn! -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
List comparison help please
I am trying to compare a list of items to the list of files generated by os.listdir. I am having trouble getting this to work and think I may be going down the wrong path. Please let me know if hter is a better way to do this. THis is what I have for my class so far: import os, sys class MatchList: def __init__(self, dir, file): self.dir = os.listdir(dir) self.flist = open(file, 'r').readlines() self.matches = [] def matcher(self): #~ matches = [] for fname in self.dir: #~ print fname if fname[-4] == '.': for item in self.flist: if item == fname[:-4]: pass else: self.matches.append(fname) #~ else: #~ break #~ if self.matches == '': #~ print "Sorry, there was no match." #~ else: #~ for item in matches: #~ print item def matchedFiles(self): for item in self.matches: print item if __name__ == '__main__': dir = sys.argv[1] file = sys.argv[2] list = open(file, 'r').readlines() test = MatchList(dir, file) test.matcher() test.matchedFiles() Thanks in advance for your help. :) SA -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Python Expert
Hi guys, we are looking for a python developer for a European project. This project is multilangual and free it is called EuroCv and it need a module for exporting data in PDF. As web developer I try to create this module but It's too complicate for me. Check out the service www.eurocv.eu for more details. Contact us by Skype chat system our nick is eurocv. Thanks -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Create a Multilanguage PDF in Python
Hi Rob,
thank you for your answer, but I'm a newbie in Web application written
in Python. Now I try your suggestion ...
Thanks
Perseo
Rob Wolfe wrote:
> "Perseo" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
>
> > Hi guys,
> >
> > I'm disprate with the Pdf Unicode. I try to create a class using ufpdf
> > but some chars are not correct and now I would like try Python because
> > a friend tolds me that it's very powerful.
> > I need a simple script in Python that grab all Records from a MySql
> > table and print in the pdf file.
> >
> > The languages stored in my db are about 25 and they are:
> > Greek English French Hungarian Italian Lithuanian Dutch Portuguese
> > Albanian
> > Czech Danish German Spanish Estonian Finnish Irish Latvian Maltese
> > Polish Romanian
> > Russian Slovene Slovak Swedish
>
> You can give reportlab [1] a try. It has support for TrueType fonts
> and unicode translation using UTF-8. I used to use it for pdf files
> with polish chars.
>
> Some example code:
>
>
> from reportlab.pdfbase import pdfmetrics
> from reportlab.pdfbase.ttfonts import TTFont
> from reportlab.pdfgen import canvas
>
> pdfmetrics.registerFont(TTFont('Verdana', 'Verdana.ttf'))
> c = canvas.Canvas("pl.pdf")
> c.setFont("Verdana", 12)
> c.drawString(100, 600, "Witaj, ¶wiecie!".decode("iso-8859-2").encode("utf-8"))
> c.showPage()
> c.save()
>
>
>
> [1] http://www.reportlab.org/
>
> --
> HTH,
> Rob
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Create a Multilanguage PDF in Python
Hi again,
WORKS!!! I download all I need as python + reportlab. Only 2 questions:
1. I need all of this package? because it is 6Mb!
2. How can I connect my software with MySql. In my Hosting is present
the Python support but I don't thing that the MySQLdb is present. How
can I solve this little problem?
Thanks
Perseo
Rob Wolfe wrote:
> "Perseo" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
>
> > Hi guys,
> >
> > I'm disprate with the Pdf Unicode. I try to create a class using ufpdf
> > but some chars are not correct and now I would like try Python because
> > a friend tolds me that it's very powerful.
> > I need a simple script in Python that grab all Records from a MySql
> > table and print in the pdf file.
> >
> > The languages stored in my db are about 25 and they are:
> > Greek English French Hungarian Italian Lithuanian Dutch Portuguese
> > Albanian
> > Czech Danish German Spanish Estonian Finnish Irish Latvian Maltese
> > Polish Romanian
> > Russian Slovene Slovak Swedish
>
> You can give reportlab [1] a try. It has support for TrueType fonts
> and unicode translation using UTF-8. I used to use it for pdf files
> with polish chars.
>
> Some example code:
>
>
> from reportlab.pdfbase import pdfmetrics
> from reportlab.pdfbase.ttfonts import TTFont
> from reportlab.pdfgen import canvas
>
> pdfmetrics.registerFont(TTFont('Verdana', 'Verdana.ttf'))
> c = canvas.Canvas("pl.pdf")
> c.setFont("Verdana", 12)
> c.drawString(100, 600, "Witaj, ¶wiecie!".decode("iso-8859-2").encode("utf-8"))
> c.showPage()
> c.save()
>
>
>
> [1] http://www.reportlab.org/
>
> --
> HTH,
> Rob
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Help in using introspection to simplify repetitive code
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] > Hello. > I'm writing a proxy class, i.e: a class whose methods mostly delegate > their functionality to other class object. Most of the methods (which > are quite a lot) defined in the class would end up being: > > def thisIsTheMethodName(self): >self._handlerClass.thisIsTheMethodName() Are these parameterless static methods or should this be self._handlerClass.thisIsTheMethodName(self) or does self get auto-bound even though not a _handlerClass instance? (I have never needed or done such delegation.) > The handler object is the same in all methods. > > I was wondering if there is a way to simplify this proxy class, maybe > using some pythonic technique like metaclasses, introspection... any > suggestion is appreciated. My immediate thought would be to start with _forwarded = set(..) # of forwarded method names def __getattr__(self, name): if name in _forwarded: return getattr(self._handlerClass, name) but I am not sure if this gives the right wrapping and binding. Terry Jan Reedy -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
uploading files to file system/zipping/downloading problems
I am currently uploading a file from a users computer to the file system on my server using python, just reading the file and writing the binaries. total_data=' ' while True: data = upload_file.file.read(8192) if not data: break total_data += data f = open(target_file_name, 'wb') f.write(total_data) f.close However when i download the file from the server it is not intact and it cannot be opened. It is happening with every type of file. It seemed to be working before and now it is..maybe I goofed up and deleted something. However I can't seem to find it. any ideas?? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: What do you want in a new web framework?
Really, really good documentation.DaveOn 20 Aug 2006 11:58:50 -0700, [EMAIL PROTECTED] < [EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:Hello Everyone,Now, I'm working on a new web framework. I tried many test on the other programming languages. Then i decided to use python on my web frameworkproject.Now i want to listen all of you. What do you want in that webframework(Easy use of Database, Easy use of XML, GUI Designer, etc...)? I'm wating your answers. Thank you for all answers...!King Regards,Emrah Ayanoglu--http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: What do you want in a new web framework?
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: > Hello Everyone, > > Now, I'm working on a new web framework. I tried many test on the other > programming languages. Then i decided to use python on my web framework > project. > > Now i want to listen all of you. What do you want in that web > framework(Easy use of Database, Easy use of XML, GUI Designer, etc...)? > > I'm wating your answers. Thank you for all answers...! > > King Regards, > > Emrah Ayanoglu Don't want to sound too conservative but really nothing that either - Django - Turbogear - or the "myghty" Pylons (my personal favorite) cannot provide efficiently today! EuGeNe -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: What do you want in a new web framework?
In <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, emrahayanoglu wrote: > Now, I'm working on a new web framework. I tried many test on the other > programming languages. Then i decided to use python on my web framework > project. > > Now i want to listen all of you. What do you want in that web > framework(Easy use of Database, Easy use of XML, GUI Designer, etc...)? > > I'm wating your answers. Thank you for all answers...! Don't think that yet another Python web framework is really needed. Ciao, Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: newbie question about import tools
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > do i need to download tools.pyc ? Python doesn't have any "tools" module builtin. So, what tool is? -- Lawrence - http://www.oluyede.org/blog "Nothing is more dangerous than an idea if it's the only one you have" - E. A. Chartier -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: newbie question about import tools
On Sunday 20 August 2006 21:39, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: > i have just downloas python and trying to import tools module > > C:\Documents and Settings\toto>python > Python 2.4.3 (#69, Mar 29 2006, 17:35:34) [MSC v > Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" > > >>> import tools > > Traceback (most recent call last): > File "", line 1, in ? > ImportError: No module named tools > > >>> import os > >>> print os > > > > >>> import code > >>> print code > > > > > do i need to download tools.pyc ? There is no such thing as "tools" in the standard library (http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/lib.html). Why do you expect something like that? Cheers Christoph -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
newbie question about import tools
i have just downloas python and trying to import tools module C:\Documents and Settings\toto>python Python 2.4.3 (#69, Mar 29 2006, 17:35:34) [MSC v Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" >>> import tools Traceback (most recent call last): File "", line 1, in ? ImportError: No module named tools >>> import os >>> print os >>> import code >>> print code >>> do i need to download tools.pyc ? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
What do you want in a new web framework?
Hello Everyone, Now, I'm working on a new web framework. I tried many test on the other programming languages. Then i decided to use python on my web framework project. Now i want to listen all of you. What do you want in that web framework(Easy use of Database, Easy use of XML, GUI Designer, etc...)? I'm wating your answers. Thank you for all answers...! King Regards, Emrah Ayanoglu -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
What do you want in a new web framework?
Hello Everyone, Now, I'm working on a new web framework. I tried many test on the other programming languages. Then i decided to use python on my web framework project. Now i want to listen all of you. What do you want in that web framework(Easy use of Database, Easy use of XML, GUI Designer, etc...)? I'm wating your answers. Thank you for all answers...! King Regards, Emrah Ayanoglu -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: sum and strings
Rhamphoryncus <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: ... > > > I believe the prefered method to flatten a list of lists is this: > > > > > > shallow = [] > > > for i in deep: > > > shallow.extend(i) > > > > > > Yes, it's three lines. It's also very easy to read. reduce() and > > > sum() are not. > > > > I'd like to squeeze in the listcomp version, not because it is one line > > shorter, but because I, and maybe others prefer short listcomps such as > > the folowing: > > > > shallow = [] > > [shallow.extend(i) for i in deep] > > I'm sure this has been mentioned before, but listcomps are for when you > want to store the list and use it for further things, not for when you > want a side effect. TOOWTDI. > > And of course, if saving a line was the reason: > > shallow = [] > for i in deep: shallow.extend(i) Another alternative equivalent to shallow = sum(deep, []) but based on the "proper" usage of list comprehensions is shallow = [ item for sublist in deep for item in sublist ] In terms of performance, however, the simple loop that you (rhamph) posted is generally best -- e.g., with Python 2.5c1 on a MacbookPro: brain:~/downloads alex$ python -mtimeit -s'deep=[range(9)]*9' 's=sum(deep,[])' 10 loops, best of 3: 11.2 usec per loop brain:~/downloads alex$ python -mtimeit -s'deep=[range(9)]*9' 's=[] > for sublist in deep: s.extend(sublist)' 10 loops, best of 3: 6.92 usec per loop brain:~/downloads alex$ python -mtimeit -s'deep=[range(9)]*9' 's=[] [s.extend(sublist) for sublist in deep]' 10 loops, best of 3: 8.48 usec per loop brain:~/downloads alex$ python -mtimeit -s'deep=[range(9)]*9' 's=[item for sublist in deep for item in sublist]' 10 loops, best of 3: 17.1 usec per loop Alex -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
radio buttons in curses
Hi, I want to add some radio and check buttons to my curses script. As I understand it, there are no buttons in the 'basic' curses module. Now, I found the curses-extra module, but I not able to download and install it. Does anybody have an idea, where I can download the module or, even better, how I can create radio and check buttons with the 'ordinary' curses module? Would be nice... Greetings! Fabian -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
[ANN] PyYAML-3.04: YAML parser and emitter for Python
Announcing PyYAML-3.04
A new release of PyYAML, featuring LibYAML bindings and support for
recursive structures, is now available:
http://pyyaml.org/wiki/PyYAML
Changes
===
* Include experimental LibYAML bindings.
* Fully support recursive structures.
* Fix a number of bugs and annoyances
(see http://pyyaml.org/wiki/PyYAML#History for more details).
Resources
=
PyYAML homepage: http://pyyaml.org/wiki/PyYAML
PyYAML documentation: http://pyyaml.org/wiki/PyYAMLDocumentation
TAR.GZ package: http://pyyaml.org/download/pyyaml/PyYAML-3.04.tar.gz
ZIP package: http://pyyaml.org/download/pyyaml/PyYAML-3.04.zip
Windows installer:
http://pyyaml.org/download/pyyaml/PyYAML-3.04.win32-py2.3.exe
http://pyyaml.org/download/pyyaml/PyYAML-3.04.win32-py2.4.exe
PyYAML SVN repository: http://svn.pyyaml.org/pyyaml
Submit a bug report: http://pyyaml.org/newticket?component=pyyaml
YAML homepage: http://yaml.org/
YAML-core mailing list: http://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/yaml-core
About PyYAML
YAML is a data serialization format designed for human readability and
interaction with scripting languages. PyYAML is a YAML parser and
emitter for Python.
PyYAML features a complete YAML 1.1 parser, Unicode support, pickle
support, capable extension API, and sensible error messages. PyYAML
supports standard YAML tags and provides Python-specific tags that allow
to represent an arbitrary Python object.
PyYAML is applicable for a broad range of tasks from complex
configuration files to object serialization and persistance.
Example
===
>>> import yaml
>>> print yaml.load("""
... &A {
... direct self reference: *A,
... indirect self references: [*A, *A, *A]
... }
... """)
{'direct self reference': {...},
'indirect self references': [{...}, {...}, {...}]}
Copyright
=
The PyYAML module is written by Kirill Simonov <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>.
PyYAML is released under the MIT license.
This release is developed with the support of the Google Summer of Code
program under the mentorship of Clark Evans.
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Access to sys.argv when python interpreter is invoked in some modes like 'python -c "command"'
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: > The python tutorial says > "When the script name is given as '-' (meaning standard input), > sys.argv[0] is set to '-'. When -c command is used, sys.argv[0] is > set to '-c'. " but when we use a command say 'python -c "command"' > where can we access "sys.argv" (are there some commands where > "sys.argv" is accessed. I can run 'python -c "import sys sys.argv", I > get an error message > > -Tiro When you get an error message, and you ask a question concerning the error message, *post* the error message. But first, read it yourself. It will probably tell you what's wrong. That's why it exists. Meantime, what's your question? BTW, "import sys sys.argv" is invalid python. When putting code statements together on one line like this you must separate them with ";". I.e. "import sys; sys.argv". Note that this will still not do what (I'm guessing) you want because this code is not being executed interactively. It will simply "get" the value of sys.argv and then throw it away. Try "import sys; print sys.argv", if you want to print the value of sys.argv. Happy coding, ~Simon -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Access to sys.argv when python interpreter is invoked in some modes like 'python -c "command"'
The python tutorial says "When the script name is given as '-' (meaning standard input), sys.argv[0] is set to '-'. When -c command is used, sys.argv[0] is set to '-c'. " but when we use a command say 'python -c "command"' where can we access "sys.argv" (are there some commands where "sys.argv" is accessed. I can run 'python -c "import sys sys.argv", I get an error message -Tiro -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: import
Georg Brandl wrote: > 01 wrote: > > Georg Brandl wrote: > >> [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: > >> > bugnthecode 写道： > >> > > >> >> How are you trying to import it? Is it in the same directory as your > >> >> other script? If not is your python path set correctly? > >> >> > >> >> When importing a module that you have written you exlude the .py > >> >> extension. You should be using: > >> >> import hello > >> >> > >> >> Hope that helps, > >> >> Will > >> > > >> > i am on a windows platform. i have written scrip named 123.py. it can > >> > be run. ok i save it to C:\Python24 ,exactly the same dir where python > >> > works. but " import 123" doesnt work. > >> > >> You can't import modules whose names have non-identifier names with > >> plain "import". Or would you like "123" to refer to a module? > >> > >> If you have to do this (and I have a strong feeling that you haven't) > >> use the built-in function __import__(). > >> > > you have to name your program with the name mymodule,or something like > > that when you use "import". does python have a clear declaration on > > how to name a module? > > A module name can be everything also usable as a Python identifier. This > means that it contains only letters, digits and underscores and doesn't > start with a digit. > > Running a file as the main file, using "python 123.py" works because > Python then won't need to provide the file name as a name in the script. On an almost totally unrelated note...(except that it definitely belongs in a thread entitled "import")... I've occasionally run into difficulty when I fail to include a she-bang in my script. If the first word of the script is import, which it often is for quickly written scripts that contain an import line before any doc string and that doesn't have "#!/usr/bin/env python", bash doesn't report a syntax error. Instead, it annoyingly runs the ImageMagick command import, which dutifully sits there waiting for a mouse click. The first time this happened, it took me a good 15 minutes to figure out what was happening. (The first instance was more subtle than forgetting the she-bang, as I'd merely forgotten the "bang" and the "#/usr/bin/env python" looked pretty good when I looked at the file.) I'm just curious if anyone else has ever bumped into that mistake. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Problem installing Python 2.4.3 on FreeBSD 5.3-RELEASE-p31
[EMAIL PROTECTED] schrieb: > I assume this is related to the configure warning... ? Same error with > just a standard "./configure" and "make". > > Any help would be great :) If you don't need the curses module, go on with the installation. It's a known bug in FreeBSD's curses header file. Regards, Martin -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Input from the same file as the script
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> Can the input to the python script be given from the same file as the
> script itself. e.g., when we execute a python script with the command
> 'python
> When I ran the below the python interpreter gave an error.
*sigh* Why do you think that we could guess what error this may be?
In this case, it is likely a SyntaxError because you used input() instead
of raw_input().
> e.g.,
> scriptName:
> ---
> x = input("The value of x is taken from the source code file itself as
> input is redirected to it")
>
> print x
>
> "Value intended for the variable x"
>
Georg
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Input from the same file as the script
Can the input to the python script be given from the same file as the script itself. e.g., when we execute a python script with the command 'python http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: import
01 wrote: > Georg Brandl wrote: >> [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: >> > bugnthecode 写道： >> > >> >> How are you trying to import it? Is it in the same directory as your >> >> other script? If not is your python path set correctly? >> >> >> >> When importing a module that you have written you exlude the .py >> >> extension. You should be using: >> >> import hello >> >> >> >> Hope that helps, >> >> Will >> > >> > i am on a windows platform. i have written scrip named 123.py. it can >> > be run. ok i save it to C:\Python24 ,exactly the same dir where python >> > works. but " import 123" doesnt work. >> >> You can't import modules whose names have non-identifier names with >> plain "import". Or would you like "123" to refer to a module? >> >> If you have to do this (and I have a strong feeling that you haven't) >> use the built-in function __import__(). >> > you have to name your program with the name mymodule,or something like > that when you use "import". does python have a clear declaration on > how to name a module? A module name can be everything also usable as a Python identifier. This means that it contains only letters, digits and underscores and doesn't start with a digit. Running a file as the main file, using "python 123.py" works because Python then won't need to provide the file name as a name in the script. Georg -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: import
Georg Brandl wrote: > [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: > > bugnthecode 写道： > > > >> How are you trying to import it? Is it in the same directory as your > >> other script? If not is your python path set correctly? > >> > >> When importing a module that you have written you exlude the .py > >> extension. You should be using: > >> import hello > >> > >> Hope that helps, > >> Will > > > > i am on a windows platform. i have written scrip named 123.py. it can > > be run. ok i save it to C:\Python24 ,exactly the same dir where python > > works. but " import 123" doesnt work. > > You can't import modules whose names have non-identifier names with > plain "import". Or would you like "123" to refer to a module? > > If you have to do this (and I have a strong feeling that you haven't) > use the built-in function __import__(). > you have to name your program with the name mymodule,or something like that when you use "import". does python have a clear declaration on how to name a module? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: time.localtime() Format Question
OleMacGeezer wrote:
> Hello Everyone,
>
Hola
> (2006, 8, 19, 23, 39, 15, 5, 231, 0)
>
> Well, that obviously was not what I wanted or needed. I don't
> need seconds, or whatever that is that follows after
> seconds...And that isn't the format I wanted either.
I'm sorry I didn't have time to grep your entire post, but maybe this
will help:
>>> import time
>>> t = time.localtime()
>>> t
(2006, 8, 20, 12, 48, 52, 6, 232, 1)
>>> time.strftime('%a, %d %b %Y', t)
'Sun, 20 Aug 2006'
-greg
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: import
If your still having trouble how are you running python? If you run cmd and THEN type python it is not operating in the python24 directory and runs in the directory cmd was in before the command. Otherwise make sure you don't have any previous python installs. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Send to all clients using UDP in Twisted
Hi Everyone, I am trying to right a server that can receive a message and send it to all clients using UDP on twisted. I have got it so far that it can echo to the client that sent the message but not to the rest. I tried using multicast but that requires almost total rewrite, and the client which is not in python can't handle it. Are there any alternative methods or a workaround? Thanks alot for your time! -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: import
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: > bugnthecode 写道： > >> How are you trying to import it? Is it in the same directory as your >> other script? If not is your python path set correctly? >> >> When importing a module that you have written you exlude the .py >> extension. You should be using: >> import hello >> >> Hope that helps, >> Will > > i am on a windows platform. i have written scrip named 123.py. it can > be run. ok i save it to C:\Python24 ,exactly the same dir where python > works. but " import 123" doesnt work. You can't import modules whose names have non-identifier names with plain "import". Or would you like "123" to refer to a module? If you have to do this (and I have a strong feeling that you haven't) use the built-in function __import__(). Georg -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: import
resnak wrote: > Try putting it in C:\Python24\Lib\site-packages instead. i have done that , dest not work as well. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: import
Try putting it in C:\Python24\Lib\site-packages instead. [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: >bugnthecode åéï¼ > >> How are you trying to import it? Is it in the same directory as your >> other script? If not is your python path set correctly? >> >> When importing a module that you have written you exlude the .py >> extension. You should be using: >> import hello >> >> Hope that helps, >> Will > >i am on a windows platform. i have written scrip named 123.py. it can >be run. ok i save it to C:\Python24 ,exactly the same dir where python >works. but " import 123" doesnt work. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: import
bugnthecode 写道： > How are you trying to import it? Is it in the same directory as your > other script? If not is your python path set correctly? > > When importing a module that you have written you exlude the .py > extension. You should be using: > import hello > > Hope that helps, > Will i am on a windows platform. i have written scrip named 123.py. it can be run. ok i save it to C:\Python24 ,exactly the same dir where python works. but " import 123" doesnt work. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: import
How are you trying to import it? Is it in the same directory as your other script? If not is your python path set correctly? When importing a module that you have written you exlude the .py extension. You should be using: import hello Hope that helps, Will -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
import
i have written script save as hello.py. i can run it. but why cant i import it as a modular in other programs? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: convert a long string in binary
bussiere maillist wrote: > i've got a very long string > and i wanted to convert it in binary > like > > string = """Monty Python, or The Pythons, is the collective name of > the creators of Monty Python's Flying Circus, a British television > comedy sketch show that first aired on the BBC on October 5, 1969. A > total of 45 episodes were made over four series. However, the Python > phenomenon was much greater, spawning stage tours, a musical, four > films, numerous albums, and several books, as well as launching the > members to individual stardom. > > The television series, broadcast by the BBC from 1969 to 1974, was > conceived, written and performed by Graham Chapman, John Cleese > (1969-1973), Terry Gilliam, Eric Idle, Terry Jones and Michael Palin. > Loosely structured as a sketch show, but with a highly innovative > stream-of-consciousness approach (aided by Terry Gilliam's > animations), it pushed the boundaries of what was then considered > acceptable, both in terms of style and content. > """ > > string = binary(string) > print string > // 01010101010101 > > > i 'am searching for something like the binary function (taht doesn't > exist) to convert my string directly in binary. The gmpy module can convert numbers to binary strings: import gmpy s = """ Yes, well, of course that's just the sort of blinkered philistine pig ignorance I've come to expect from you non-creative garbage. """ ss = '' for c in s: sb = gmpy.digits(ord(c),2) #convert to binary string sb = '0'*(8-len(sb)) + sb #add leading 0's ss += sb print ss 10100101100101100101011100110010111001110111011001010110110001101110111001100110011000100110001101100111010101110010011100110110010100100111010001101111011101100111011100110010011010100111010101110011011101100111010001101110010100100111001101100111001001110110011001100110101001100010011011000110100101101110011010110110010101110010011001010110011001110110111010010110110001101001011100110111010001101001011011100110010100100111011010010110011100100110100101100111011011100110011100100111011011100110001101100101001001001001001001110111011001100101001001100011011001101101011001011010011101000110001001100101011101100101011000110111011001100110011100100110011011010010000101100111010100100110111001100110111000101101011000110111001001100101011101110100011010010111011001100101001001100! 1110111011100100110001001110110011101100101001011101010 > Regards > Bussiere -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: urllib2, proxies and https
Astan Chee <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes: > Hi again, > According to > https://demo.launchpad.net/products/python/+bug/56872 > or more specifically, the example of its working code: > http://librarian.demo.launchpad.net/3507227/urllib2_proxy_auth.py > I can use urllib2 via proxy to access a https site(specifically > hooking it up to libgmail). [...] The code at that URL seems to be claiming you CAN'T do that, even with HTTP URLs (note HTTP, not HTTPS). Hopefully (s)he is complaining about 2.4 -- there are a bunch of bugs with this kind of thing fixed in Python 2.5. Re HTTPS: urllib2 does not support the CONNECT method (nor urllib, I think), so no, you can't visit HTTPS URLS through a proxy with vanilla urllib2. There are some hacks lying around in the cookbook and on the Python SF tracker showing how to do it, though. John -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Help in using introspection to simplify repetitive code
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: > Hello. > I'm writing a proxy class, i.e: a class whose methods mostly delegate > their functionality to other class object. Most of the methods (which > are quite a lot) defined in the class would end up being: > > def thisIsTheMethodName(self): > self._handlerClass.thisIsTheMethodName() > > The handler object is the same in all methods. > > I was wondering if there is a way to simplify this proxy class, maybe > using some pythonic technique like metaclasses, introspection... any > suggestion is appreciated. > > Thanks, > > Javier Sanz http://docs.python.org/ref/attribute-access.html#l2h-206 -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Help in using introspection to simplify repetitive code
Hello. I'm writing a proxy class, i.e: a class whose methods mostly delegate their functionality to other class object. Most of the methods (which are quite a lot) defined in the class would end up being: def thisIsTheMethodName(self): self._handlerClass.thisIsTheMethodName() The handler object is the same in all methods. I was wondering if there is a way to simplify this proxy class, maybe using some pythonic technique like metaclasses, introspection... any suggestion is appreciated. Thanks, Javier Sanz -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PyThreadState_Swap(NULL)
let me try to ask the question again in a simpler more generic way. i thought
that the following lines of code, could not fail even if another library in the
same process initialized the python interpreter first.
if (!Py_IsInitialized()) {
Py_Initialize();
}
PyEval_InitThreads();
interpreter = PyThreadState_Swap(NULL);
what could another library do to make this fail? and is there anything i can
do
to make this work in all situations?
thanks,
bryan
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Create a Multilanguage PDF in Python
"Perseo" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> Hi guys,
>
> I'm disprate with the Pdf Unicode. I try to create a class using ufpdf
> but some chars are not correct and now I would like try Python because
> a friend tolds me that it's very powerful.
> I need a simple script in Python that grab all Records from a MySql
> table and print in the pdf file.
>
> The languages stored in my db are about 25 and they are:
> Greek English French Hungarian Italian Lithuanian Dutch Portuguese
> Albanian
> Czech Danish German Spanish Estonian Finnish Irish Latvian Maltese
> Polish Romanian
> Russian Slovene Slovak Swedish
You can give reportlab [1] a try. It has support for TrueType fonts
and unicode translation using UTF-8. I used to use it for pdf files
with polish chars.
Some example code:
from reportlab.pdfbase import pdfmetrics
from reportlab.pdfbase.ttfonts import TTFont
from reportlab.pdfgen import canvas
pdfmetrics.registerFont(TTFont('Verdana', 'Verdana.ttf'))
c = canvas.Canvas("pl.pdf")
c.setFont("Verdana", 12)
c.drawString(100, 600, "Witaj, świecie!".decode("iso-8859-2").encode("utf-8"))
c.showPage()
c.save()
[1] http://www.reportlab.org/
--
HTH,
Rob
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
time.localtime() Format Question
Hello Everyone,
I am a brand new Python programmer with barely a month of
experience under my belt.
Here are my specs:
Mac OSX Panther 10.3.9
Jython 2.1 implementation with Hermes BBS python module installed
And now the problem...
Right now I am having a small problem figuring out how to
properly format the "User Last Log-On" date for the new
external/door that I am writing for our Hermes BBS.
Initially, I was using the following in my user
initialization function near the top of the code:
user.data.usrUndrLast = time.localtime()
"user.data.usrUndrLast" is a user data object that I created
to display the last time that a person used the external. As
you can see, I an setting the value of the object to
"time.localtime()".
The problem is that the above code gave me a long string like
this:
(2006, 8, 19, 23, 39, 15, 5, 231, 0)
Well, that obviously was not what I wanted or needed. I don't
need seconds, or whatever that is that follows after
seconds...And that isn't the format I wanted either.
So I scrounged around in the example code for another
external I have here, as well as in the hermes.py, (module
which contains some of the BBS's proprietary functions), the
jython-2.1 folder, (Python implementation I am using with the
BBS), and even in my OSX Python installation, and then also
on the web, looking for a clue regarding how to get it to do
what I want it to do.
I figured out that adding [:3] like this:
user.data.usrUndrLast = time.localtime()[:3]
...would reduce it to just "(2006, 8, 19)", but that is still
not what I want it to do. The format is wrong.
I found a lot of interesting stuff inside of "rfc822.py"
concerning date and time formats, but I am still not grasping
quite how to do this.
Right now, I am getting a TypeError, I guess because
time.localtime only deals with integers, and I am trying to
throw strings at it as well, like this:
user.data.usrUndrLast = time.localtime('%a, %d %b %Y')
I was hoping that the above code would produce something like this:
Sun 20 Aug 2006
...but what I am getting is a TypeError which states:
"TypeError: localtime(): 1st arg can't be coerced to double"
So at this point, I am pretty stumped. In the list of
players, I just want it to show when they were last logged
into the external, preferably in one of the following
formats:
Sun 20 Aug 2006
Sun Aug 20 2006
Aug 20 2006
08-20-06
08-20-2006
08/20/2006
08/20/06
Once the above code, (user.data.usrUndrLast = time.localtime),
initializes their last log-on date, I am using the results in
a user list by appending the data to the user list like this:
for u in external.users.values():
usrList.append({
'name': u.data.usrUndrName,
'levl': u.data.usrUndrLevl,
'scor': u.data.usrUndrScor,
'last': u.data.usrUndrLast, # The one we're dealing with
})
The above list code queries the external for the values that
it has stored for each user. When it gets to the "last" item
in the list, the external is supposed to send it the value
for "u.data.usrUndrLast", (which it does), which is filled in
with the value of "time.localtime()" Once the list is made,
the "last" code will be displayed in the user list using this
piece of code:
print Style(fgLtGreen)('%(last)-10s' % markUsr)
For the record, I do have "import time" at the top of my
code. I looked all over the place for a module called
"time.py", but couldn't find one. So I didn't quite
understand where "time.py" was being imported from. I finally
figured that it must just be a function which is being
imported from one of the jython modules that I was looking
at...although I never found an exact function called "time()"
or "time.localtime().
So if anyone can lend me a hand with this, I'd really appreciate
it. I am really working hard, and doing the best I can to learn
Python, (my very first programming language), but I still require
some guidance.
If anyone here can tell me how to get the results that I want, I
would really appreciate if you would write to me directly at:
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Thanks so much.
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Need advice on how to improve this function
I wrote a function that converts a tuple of tuples into html. For
example:
In [9]: x
Out[9]:
('html',
('head', ('title', 'this is the title!')),
('body',
('h1', 'this is the header!'),
('p', 'paragraph one is boring.'),
('p',
'but paragraph 2 ',
('a', {'href': 'http://example.com'}, 'has a link'),
'!')))
In [10]: as_html(x, sys.stdout)
this is the title!
this is the header!
paragraph one is boring.
but paragraph 2 http://example.com";>has a link!
I'd like to know ways to make it better (more efficient, able to deal
with enormous-size arguments, etc). How would I write this as a
generator?
Here's the definition for as_html:
def as_html(l, s):
"Convert a list or tuple into html and write it to stream s."
if isinstance(l, (tuple, list)):
tagname = l[0]
if isinstance(l[1], dict):
attributes = ' '.join(['%s="%s"' % (k, l[1][k]) for k in l[1]])
s.write('<%s %s>' % (tagname, attributes))
else:
s.write('<%s>' % tagname)
if tagname in ('html', 'head', 'body'):
s.write('\n\n')
for ll in l[1:]:
as_html(ll, s)
s.write('' % tagname)
if tagname not in ('a', 'b', 'ul'):
s.write('\n\n')
elif isinstance(l, str):
s.write(l)
All comments welcome. TIA
--
A better way of running series of SAS programs:
http://overlook.homelinux.net/wilsonwiki/SasAndMakefiles
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: write eof without closing
cage wrote: > I want to use a program that has a 'pipe' mode, in which you can use > stdin to send commands to the program. I found out that, when in pipe > mode and you are using the keyboard as input source you can do Ctrl-D to > 'signal' the program that you have finished typing your command. The > program parses and then performs the command, and it doesn't quit. It > quits after 'Quit\n' + Ctrl-D have you tried *flushing* the output stream after each command? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Permission Denied
Stargaming <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes: > In the most cases, PATH is preconfigured to include "." (. is the current > directory as .. is the parent one). You can use ./yourpythonscript in this > case. I most cases on Unix boxes it isn't configured to include ".". This is so for safety reasons (somebody might replace some command with a tampered binary or a script and capture information that they shouldn't have access to...). The solution of creating a directory and adding it to PATH is the best one, IMHO. Having a "~/bin" is also common for Linux and some distributions of it already ship with it in /etc/skel and in the PATH, so just put a link there or copy your scripts there. > The most "advanced" way would be expanding PATH with > /home/youraccount/python/learning (use PATH=$PATH:/path/here..). Yes. This is the best. > Choose the one you're most comfortable with. :-) ;-) And think about security as well. -- Jorge Godoy <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PIL problem: IOError: cannot identify image file
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> Doh! Apparently Image.open() wants a path, not a file. So
>
> i = Image.open('c:\\image2.png')
>
> works fine.
it works fine on files too, if you open them in *binary* mode.
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to get the ascii code of Chinese characters?
Gerhard Fiedler wrote: >>> Actually, Unicode goes beyond 65535. >> >> you may want to look up "at least" in a dictionary. > > As a homework, try to parse "at least until" and "goes beyond" and compare > the two (a dictionary is not necessarily of help with this :) > > "range is least 0..65535" : upper_bound >= 65535 > "goes beyond 65535" : upper_bound > 65535 > > For some discussions (like how to represent code points etc) this > distinction is crucial. do you know anything about how Unicode is used in real life, or are you just squabbling ? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: sum and strings
In <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, Gerhard Fiedler wrote: > On 2006-08-20 07:18:44, Rhamphoryncus wrote: > >>> shallow = [] >>> [shallow.extend(i) for i in deep] >> >> I'm sure this has been mentioned before, but listcomps are for when you >> want to store the list and use it for further things, not for when you >> want a side effect. TOOWTDI. > > Can you please explain what you mean with this, and maybe why? You should not abuse list comps just to have a one liner. Only use them if you really want to build a list and not just for side effects. The above one-liner builds a list of `None`\s of length ``len(deep)`` for no reason just to throw them away. Ciao, Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Text parsing
In <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, Michiel Sikma wrote: > My code: > > test.py > import sys > > def preparse(file): > block = [] > for line in file: > if line.strip(): > block.append(line) > elif block: > yield ''.join(block).strip() > block = [] + yield ''.join(block).strip() Because your line "test10\n" is still in `block` at this point. > yield '\n' > > […] > > test > test1 > test2 > > test3 > test4 > test5 > test6 > > test7 > test8 > > test9 > > test10 > > > When I run test.py, it prints this: > michiel-sikmas-computer:~/Desktop msikma$ python test.py > ['test1\ntest2', 'test3\ntest4\ntest5\ntest6', 'test7\ntest8', > 'test9', '\n'] > > What happened to "test10"? It seems to be gone unless I add two > linebreaks at the end of the file. Ciao, Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: tkinter btn visual state with tkMessageBox
Hendrik van Rooyen wrote: > <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Wrote: > | > | Hendrik van Rooyen wrote: > | > <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > | > > | > To: > | > > | > > | > | why is the button sunken when called through a bind method, and not > | > | with the command attribute? > | > | Thank you! > | > | > | > | > | > | ## Cut'nPaste example > | > | from Tkinter import * ... > | > and the "Button" leaves it sunken - because when you release, the > control is > | > no longer there > | > > | > - Hendrik > | Thanks Hendrik - is the command attribute connected to the bindable > | events? > | jm > > I don't have a clue - you are either asking about advanced magic here, > or I don't understand your question - I believe the lower level routines > are common, but I don't *Know* this - so its a pity that some people > who shall be nameless have beaten their brains out in a thread about > a directory name here.. > > You may have noticed that there is another subtle bug with what I have > suggested to you - when you press the offending button, then move the > mouse to move the cursor off the screen button, - the button > "springs back" as expected - but then when you release the mouse > button, off the screen button, the call back is done anyway, instead of > being cancelled when the cursor moves off the screen button. > > - for the command case, the sequence is different, and the call back is done > only if the release is done on the screen button... > > - But this may just be my setup - does yours do the same? > > I don't know how to fix that - you could look at sequences of events - button > push followed by release - But I doubt whether this will help, as its doing > something like that anyway (haven't tried it) > > - Hendrik Same behavior here - Also, I added a bind to Button event and another to ButtonRelease, and also had the command attribute. All three *events* are processed, in similar fashion that you describe above. Finally, the command attribute seems to works like a ButtonRelease BUT still permits a binding to another function on a ButtonRelease event (and only one) so if the lower level functions might be the same the path to them seem different. I found this article that pertains to the question: http://www.ferg.org/thinking_in_tkinter/tt075.py but I'll postpone my own investigation at this time to return to my program ;-) Thanks again, Jean-Marc -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: sum and strings
On 2006-08-20 07:18:44, Rhamphoryncus wrote: >> shallow = [] >> [shallow.extend(i) for i in deep] > > I'm sure this has been mentioned before, but listcomps are for when you > want to store the list and use it for further things, not for when you > want a side effect. TOOWTDI. Can you please explain what you mean with this, and maybe why? Thanks, Gerhard -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to get the ascii code of Chinese characters?
On 2006-08-20 05:56:05, Fredrik Lundh wrote: >>> No. ASCII characters range is 0..127 while Unicode characters range is >>> at least 0..65535. >> >> Actually, Unicode goes beyond 65535. > > you may want to look up "at least" in a dictionary. As a homework, try to parse "at least until" and "goes beyond" and compare the two (a dictionary is not necessarily of help with this :) "range is least 0..65535" : upper_bound >= 65535 "goes beyond 65535" : upper_bound > 65535 For some discussions (like how to represent code points etc) this distinction is crucial. Gerhard -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: convert a long string in binary
bussiere maillist:
> i've got a very long string
> and i wanted to convert it in binary
Not much tested:
_nibbles = {"0":"", "1":"0001", "2":"0010", "3":"0011",
"4":"0100", "5":"0101", "6":"0110", "7":"0111",
"8":"1000", "9":"1001", "A":"1010", "B":"1011",
"C":"1100", "D":"1101", "E":"1110", "F":""}
def toBase2(number):
if number < 16:
return "" + _nibbles["%X" % number]
else:
d1, d2 = "%X" % number
return _nibbles[d1] + _nibbles[d2]
convbin = dict((chr(i), toBase2(i)) for i in xrange(256))
def binary(s):
return "".join(convbin[c] for c in s)
print binary("testing string")
Surely there are ways to make it shorter (But it's fast enough).
Bye,
bearophile
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Text parsing
Hello everybody.
Inspired by an example from the book Beginning Python: From Novice to
Professional, I started working on a simple text parser which I can
hopefully then extend into a more comprehensive system. I've got a
little problem, though.
My code:
test.py
import sys
def preparse(file):
block = []
for line in file:
if line.strip():
block.append(line)
elif block:
yield ''.join(block).strip()
block = []
yield '\n'
def makeList(file):
testOutput = list(preparse(file))
print testOutput
testInput = open("test", "r")
makeList(testInput)
test
test1
test2
test3
test4
test5
test6
test7
test8
test9
test10
When I run test.py, it prints this:
michiel-sikmas-computer:~/Desktop msikma$ python test.py
['test1\ntest2', 'test3\ntest4\ntest5\ntest6', 'test7\ntest8',
'test9', '\n']
What happened to "test10"? It seems to be gone unless I add two
linebreaks at the end of the file.
Greets,
Michiel Sikma
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
convert a long string in binary
i've got a very long string and i wanted to convert it in binary like string = """Monty Python, or The Pythons, is the collective name of the creators of Monty Python's Flying Circus, a British television comedy sketch show that first aired on the BBC on October 5, 1969. A total of 45 episodes were made over four series. However, the Python phenomenon was much greater, spawning stage tours, a musical, four films, numerous albums, and several books, as well as launching the members to individual stardom. The television series, broadcast by the BBC from 1969 to 1974, was conceived, written and performed by Graham Chapman, John Cleese (1969-1973), Terry Gilliam, Eric Idle, Terry Jones and Michael Palin. Loosely structured as a sketch show, but with a highly innovative stream-of-consciousness approach (aided by Terry Gilliam's animations), it pushed the boundaries of what was then considered acceptable, both in terms of style and content. """ string = binary(string) print string // 01010101010101 i 'am searching for something like the binary function (taht doesn't exist) to convert my string directly in binary. Regards Bussiere -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Create a Multilanguage PDF in Python
Hi guys, I'm disprate with the Pdf Unicode. I try to create a class using ufpdf but some chars are not correct and now I would like try Python because a friend tolds me that it's very powerful. I need a simple script in Python that grab all Records from a MySql table and print in the pdf file. The languages stored in my db are about 25 and they are: Greek English French Hungarian Italian Lithuanian Dutch Portuguese Albanian Czech Danish German Spanish Estonian Finnish Irish Latvian Maltese Polish Romanian Russian Slovene Slovak Swedish Anyone can help me, please? Thanks Perseo -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Permission Denied
AlbaClause schrieb: > Lawrence D'Oliveiro wrote: > > >>In message <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, AlbaClause wrote: >> >> >>>Then, to execute the file from from the shell prompt, I had to create a >>>'bin' directory in my home folder, cuz I didn't want to litter >>>my /usr/local/bin folder with useless Python scripts. >> >>Executable files can be kept anywhere, you don't need a special directory >>for them. > > > Yes, I know, but if you want to just enter the filename at the shell prompt, > the file has to be somewhere that it can be found. Otherwise you get the > dreaded "command not found" error. Unless I'm doing something wrong? > > In the most cases, PATH is preconfigured to include "." (. is the current directory as .. is the parent one). You can use ./yourpythonscript in this case. Another possibility is using `python script.py` to let the python interpreter do the work directly. The most "advanced" way would be expanding PATH with /home/youraccount/python/learning (use PATH=$PATH:/path/here..). Choose the one you're most comfortable with. :-) Sincerely, Stargaming -- -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: sum and strings
Paddy wrote: > Rhamphoryncus wrote: > > > > > It's worthwhile to note that the use of + as the concatenation operator > > is arbitrary. It could just have well been | or &, and has no > > relationship with mathematically addition. > > The effect of the string concatenation operator is only secondary. > Secondary to the use of the word sum; and what could be 'reasonably' > concieved as sum's effect on non-numeric types. > > > > It's also worth stressing (not in response to your post, but others) > > that sum([[1],[2],[3]], []) is just as bad as attempting to sum > > strings, both conceptually (it's not mathematical addition) > > Unfortunately, the words sum and summation are linked to other words > that are commonly used to describe what is happening to the numders, > the lists, and the strings. > Words such as accumulate, concatenate, aggregate, collect, assemble, as > well as add. String concatenation and numeric addition only group together under the most vague of english terms, "putting things together". String concatenation violates many mathematical properties of addition/summation, and simply isn't related. It is unfortunate that many languages (including python) promote the confusion by using + for a "put things together" operator, ie both mathematical addition and string concatenation. > > I believe the prefered method to flatten a list of lists is this: > > > > shallow = [] > > for i in deep: > > shallow.extend(i) > > > > Yes, it's three lines. It's also very easy to read. reduce() and > > sum() are not. > > I'd like to squeeze in the listcomp version, not because it is one line > shorter, but because I, and maybe others prefer short listcomps such as > the folowing: > > shallow = [] > [shallow.extend(i) for i in deep] I'm sure this has been mentioned before, but listcomps are for when you want to store the list and use it for further things, not for when you want a side effect. TOOWTDI. And of course, if saving a line was the reason: shallow = [] for i in deep: shallow.extend(i) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Easy Validators
Sometimes it's good to check things while working on them. This seems
like a good way to do that.
You could probably put these in a module and just import them.
from validators import *
I'm interested if anyone can think of ways to improve this further.
Each validator consists of an assertion with an error message if the
assertion fails.
The validator arguments can include an extra argument to check the
return value. Less than the number of arguments is ok. Any unspecified
arguments are not checked. Use Any to not check previous arguments in a
list. (see the examples at the end)
Cheers,
Ron
# - Some Simple Validators.
def Any(arg): pass
def IsNumber(arg):
assert type(arg) in (int, long, float), \
"%r is not a number" % arg
def IsInt(arg):
assert type(arg) in (int, long), \
"%r is not an Int" % arg
def IsFloat(arg):
assert isinstance(arg, float), \
"%r is not a flaot" % arg
def IsLong(arg):
assert isinstance(arg, long), \
"%r is not a long integer" % arg
def IsString(arg):
assert type(arg) in (str, unicode), \
"%r is not a string type" % arg
def InRange(start, stop):
def inrange(arg):
assert start <= arg <= stop, \
"%r is not in range %r through %r" % (arg, start, stop)
return inrange
def InSet(list_):
s = set(list_)
def inset(arg):
assert arg in s, \
"%r is not in %r" % (arg, s)
return inset
def LessThan(value):
def lessthan(arg):
assert arg < value, \
"%r is not less than %r." % (arg, value)
return lessthan
def MoreThan(value):
def morethan(arg):
assert arg > value, \
"%r is not more than %r." % (arg, value)
return morethan
def IsEven(arg):
assert arg % 2 == 0, \
"%r is not even" % arg
def IsOdd(arg):
assert arg % 2 == 1, \
"%r is not odd" % arg
def IsPositive(arg):
assert arg >= 0, \
"%r is not positive" % arg
def IsNegative(arg):
assert arg < 0, \
"%r is not negative" % arg
def IsTrue(arg):
assert arg is True, \
"%r is not True" % arg
def IsFalse(arg):
assert arg is False, \
"%r is not False" % arg
# - The validator decorator.
def validate(*types):
""" check arguments + return value against types given.
"""
def check_accepts(f):
def new_f(*args, **kwds):
assert len(types) <= len(args)+1, \
"Validators exceed arg count + return value."
for (a, t) in zip(args, types):
t(a)
result = f(*args, **kwds)
if len(types)>len(args):
types[-1](result)
return result
new_f.func_name = f.func_name
return new_f
return check_accepts
# -- Examples to play around with.
@validate(Any, IsInt, IsEven)
def add(a, b):
return a + b
@validate(InRange(1,6), InRange(1,6), LessThan(19))
def mul(a, b):
return a * b
# they stack too
@validate(IsInt, IsInt)
@validate(MoreThan(10),LessThan(10))
@validate(Any, IsPositive)
def sub(a, b):
return a - b
@validate(IsString, IsString)
def addstr(a, b):
return a + b
print add(3.0, 5)
print mul(3, 6)
print sub(11, 9)
print addstr('Hello ', 'World')
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: text editor suggestion?
On Sat, 19 Aug 2006 02:06:15 -0400, John Salerno <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > Ben Finney wrote: > >> The two big names in text editing, Vim and Emacs, will both meet these >> criteria easily. They also have the advantage that you'll find one or >> the other, or both, on just about any Unix system intended for use by >> a programmer. And they're installable on Windows, and they will be ported to anything you're likely to encounter, for the rest of your life. >> There is also an enormous amount of support for both these editors, >> for all manner of text editing tasks, available online. It's a good >> idea to learn at least one of them very well, rather than learn a >> bunch of less-popular editors for specific tasks. That's an important point, IMHO. At least if you're living in Unix, plain old text editing is one of the most common tasks you do, and you rarely end up in situations where you're forced to use domain-specific editors (except when using web applications, where you are often limited to the text editing facilities of your web browser). I usually don't like the idea of becoming addicted to one simgle program, but I make an exception for text editing. I'm so much more productive in emacs than anywhere else, and the things I learn while (say) programming in Python translate directly to writing documentation, writing C code, or massaging and browsing large data sets. > I'd really like to learn vim, but I spent days just trying to figure out > how to get the syntax highlighting and indentation working, where these > settings are and how to edit them, and it still doesn't work for me. That's to be expected, and to be honest, you'd have the same problem with the editor I'd suggest, emacs. I've accepted that there are huge areas of emacs that I don't know and which would be useful to me if I had known them. It took almost ten years to discover dabbrev-expand, and I only found out about open-rectangle last week. And noone can tell me /which/ features I'm missing, because everyone uses their editor in a different way. /Jorgen -- // Jorgen Grahn R'lyeh wgah'nagl fhtagn! -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Permission Denied
Lawrence D'Oliveiro wrote: > In message <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, AlbaClause wrote: > >> Then, to execute the file from from the shell prompt, I had to create a >> 'bin' directory in my home folder, cuz I didn't want to litter >> my /usr/local/bin folder with useless Python scripts. > > Executable files can be kept anywhere, you don't need a special directory > for them. Yes, I know, but if you want to just enter the filename at the shell prompt, the file has to be somewhere that it can be found. Otherwise you get the dreaded "command not found" error. Unless I'm doing something wrong? -- -- There are several things that I will never be: * I will never be attracted to females. * I will never enjoy the company of others. Exactly how these realities bode for my enemy, is not of my concern. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: sum and strings
Rhamphoryncus wrote: > > It's worthwhile to note that the use of + as the concatenation operator > is arbitrary. It could just have well been | or &, and has no > relationship with mathematically addition. The effect of the string concatenation operator is only secondary. Secondary to the use of the word sum; and what could be 'reasonably' concieved as sum's effect on non-numeric types. > > It's also worth stressing (not in response to your post, but others) > that sum([[1],[2],[3]], []) is just as bad as attempting to sum > strings, both conceptually (it's not mathematical addition) Unfortunately, the words sum and summation are linked to other words that are commonly used to describe what is happening to the numders, the lists, and the strings. Words such as accumulate, concatenate, aggregate, collect, assemble, as well as add. > and performance-wise. Don't do it. :) Amen to that. > I believe the prefered method to flatten a list of lists is this: > > shallow = [] > for i in deep: > shallow.extend(i) > > Yes, it's three lines. It's also very easy to read. reduce() and > sum() are not. I'd like to squeeze in the listcomp version, not because it is one line shorter, but because I, and maybe others prefer short listcomps such as the folowing: shallow = [] [shallow.extend(i) for i in deep] -Pad. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: tkinter btn visual state with tkMessageBox
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Wrote:
|
| Hendrik van Rooyen wrote:
| > <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
| >
| > To:
| >
| >
| > | why is the button sunken when called through a bind method, and not
| > | with the command attribute?
| > | Thank you!
| > |
| > |
| > | ## Cut'nPaste example
| > | from Tkinter import *
| > | import tkMessageBox
| > |
| > | class Vue(object):
| > | def __init__(self):
| > | self.root=Tk()
| > | self.root.title("test button visual state")
| > | self.b1=Button(self.root,text="tkMessageBox.showinfo with bind
| > | :-(") #,command=self.showMsg)
| > | self.b1.bind("",self.showMsg)
| >
| >
8<---
| >
| > change this to :
| >
| >self.b1.bind("",self.showMsg)
| >
| > Problem is that a button "sinks in" when you press it and "springs back"
when
| > you release it...
| >
| > and the "Button" leaves it sunken - because when you release, the
control is
| > no longer there
| >
| > - Hendrik
| Thanks Hendrik - is the command attribute connected to the bindable
| events?
| jm
I don't have a clue - you are either asking about advanced magic here,
or I don't understand your question - I believe the lower level routines
are common, but I don't *Know* this - so its a pity that some people
who shall be nameless have beaten their brains out in a thread about
a directory name here..
You may have noticed that there is another subtle bug with what I have
suggested to you - when you press the offending button, then move the
mouse to move the cursor off the screen button, - the button
"springs back" as expected - but then when you release the mouse
button, off the screen button, the call back is done anyway, instead of
being cancelled when the cursor moves off the screen button.
- for the command case, the sequence is different, and the call back is done
only if the release is done on the screen button...
- But this may just be my setup - does yours do the same?
I don't know how to fix that - you could look at sequences of events - button
push followed by release - But I doubt whether this will help, as its doing
something like that anyway (haven't tried it)
- Hendrik
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
