Re: Possible bug in Tkinter for Python 2.6
On Wed, 19 Nov 2008 18:51:03 +0100, Terry Reedy [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Anton Vredegoor wrote: On Wed, 19 Nov 2008 10:57:53 +0100 Eric Brunel [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I'm trying out Python 2.6 and I found what might be a bug in the Tkinter module. How can I report it? maybe here: http://bugs.python.org/issue3774 The fix will be in 2.6.1, which might be in December. Thanks! Quite easy to fix anyway, but I prefer having an official version. -- python -c print ''.join([chr(154 - ord(c)) for c in 'U(17zX(%,5.zmz5(17l8(%,5.Z*(93-965$l7+-']) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python / Debian package dependencies
Hi Steven, This is a normal behaviour for dpkg. If there is a failing dependancy, dpkg will not install dependancies, it will notify only and will not install the package. Dependancies installations are managed by the front-end to dpkg (aptitude or apt). This is not a python issue that you are facing to. Cheers Stephbul 2008/11/20 Steven Samuel Cole [EMAIL PROTECTED] Hi all, I am trying to build a debian package for my python modules using stdeb and dpkg-buildpackage. The package building itself works, I also managed to have an entry point created and I can use my python modules on the Ubuntu virtual machine I use to test the package. The problem is that my modules require the psycopg2 python package and the entry point seems to require setuptools. I can't figure out how to declare a dependency that actually results in the dependency Debian packages being installed. I tried adding these lines to setup.py: requires = ['psycopg2', 'setuptools'], requires = ['psycopg2 (=0.1)', 'setuptools (=0.1)'], install_requires = ['psycopg2', 'setuptools'], install_requires = ['psycopg2=0.1', 'setuptools=0.1'], and then run stdeb_run_setup and dpkg-buildpackage -rfakeroot -uc -us in the deb_dist/package name folder created, but when I copy the .deb file over to the virtual machine and do dpkg -i .deb file, none of them would actually install psycopg2 and setuptools. What am I doing wrong ? Am I actually somewhat on the right track or am I doing complete nonsense ? Thanks for your help! Cheers, Steve -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Hooking windowsmessages with python
Hi! I'm trying to set a message hook with python to catch WM_DROPFILES. The guiframework is Tkinter. Here a code snippet: hwnd = eval(self.wm_frame()) win32gui.DragAcceptFiles(hwnd,1) wnd = win32ui.CreateWindowFromHandle(hwnd) wnd.HookMessage(self.test,w32con.WM_DROPFILES) def test(self): print blala The DragAcceptFiles-Call seems to be alright. When i drag a file over the gui there is this drag-and-drop icon. But the problem is, that the callback-function (test) is never executed. I also try different messages like Mousemove or Buttondown. So i think there is a problem with the HookMessage function. I read that you must compile Python with PYWIN_WITH_WINDOWPROC option enabled. Is this the problem? Can someone give me a short working code to hook a message so i can try it on my workstation? Thx in advance! -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Module Structure/Import Design Problem
On Nov 20, 2:06 pm, Arnaud Delobelle [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Rafe [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Hi, I am in a situation where I feel I am being forced to abandon a clean module structure in favor of a large single module. If anyone can save my sanity here I would be forever grateful. My problem is that classes in several modules share a common base class which needs to implement a factory method to return instances of these same classes. An example to help illustrate what I mean: Lets say I have the following modules with the listed classes: - baselib.py with BaseClass - types.py with TypeA, ... - special.py with SpecialTypeA, ... Which would be used a bit like this: type_a = any_type_instance.get_type(TypeA) special_type = type_a.get_type(SpecialTypeA) Again, I can get around this by dumping everything in to one module, but it muddies the organization of the package a bit. This seems like a problem that would come up a lot. Are there any design paradigms I can apply here? It's not very clear what your problem is. I guess your factory functions are defined in baselib.py whereas types.py and special.py import baselib, therefore you don't know how to make the factory function aware of the types defined in special.py and types.py. You can use cyclic import in many cases. Or (better IMHO) you can make types register themselves with the factory function (in which case it would have some state so it would make more sense to make it a factory object). -- Arnaud hi Arnaud, You got my problem right, sorry it wasn't more clear. Can you elaborate on what you mean by 'register' with the factory function? Also...holy [EMAIL PROTECTED], I got a clean import working! I swear I tried that before with unhappy results. I'll carefully try this in my real code. Is this the right way to impliment the imports? baselib.py [1] class BaseClass(object): [2] def factory(self): [3] import typelib # -- import inside function [4] return typelib.TypeA() typelib.py [1] import baselib # -- module level import [2] [3] class TypeA(baselib.BaseClass): [4] def __init__(self): [5] print TypeA : __init__() import typelib type = typelib.TypeA() TypeA : __init__() another_type = type.factory() TypeA : __init__() another_type typelib.TypeA object at 0x00B45F10 I am curious (not directed at Arnaud), why not have an 'include'-like import for special cases in python (or do I not understand includes either?) Thanks! - Rafe -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Programming exercises/challenges
On Nov 20, 12:39 am, Arnaud Delobelle [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Edwin [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: [...] a diary manager compatible with my Emacs diary file (sometimes I don't want to open Emacs for a quick note) You mean that you sometimes don't have emacs open? -- Arnaud heh... I believe in the potpourri style mate (and I don't mean petals and spices). After all I'm no expert. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Ip format
Hello i have this ip 1578568204 how socket function i can have the ip dotted-quad string? i have try socket.inet_aton get no error but only this ^ETB FF Thanks luca -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Ip format
Hello i have this ip 1578568204
how socket function i can have the ip dotted-quad string?
i have try socket.inet_aton get no error but only this ^ETB FF
I've got the following program I threw together for one of my
junior developers:
from sys import argv, exit
if len(argv) 2:
print Usage:
print \t%s ip_address % argv[0]
print \t%s int % argv[0]
print \nThe first form translates a dotted-quad format into
int format
print \nThe second form translates from int form to a
dotted-quad
exit(1)
src = argv[1]
if src.count('.') == 3:
a,b,c,d = map(lambda s: 0xff and int(s), src.split('.'))
print (
(a (8*3)) |
(b (8*2)) |
(c (8*1)) |
d)
else:
i = int(src)
a = 0xff (i (8*3))
b = 0xff (i (8*2))
c = 0xff (i (8*1))
d = 0xff (i)
print '%s.%s.%s.%s' % (a,b,c,d)
The code you're looking for is in the bottom else: clause.
Yes, that could be optimized to just c = 0xff (i 8) in the
3rd case, but it made it easier for my junior developer to
understand what was going on.
There might be some library function to do these transformations
for you, but after a quick look, I didn't find anything.
-tkc
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
strange permission issue with nosetests
Hi, I'm trying the nose testing package. I've just started reading the tutorial and I had a problem with the first simple example. This is the test: def test_b(): assert 'b' == 'b' In the same directory I gave the command nosetests and it runs the test. Then I try with nosetests -v, but it just says this: -- Ran 0 tests in 0.003s OK I thought because I didn't change anything in the file, don't know. Tried to change, but nothing. I moved on and wrote another test, inside a class, but nothing. It just doesn't run tests. Searching on google I found this: http://www.siafoo.net/article/61 He had the same issue and said to change permission of the file to 664. I tried and it worked. Is that normal? Why does it happen? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
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Re: strange permission issue with nosetests
Mr.SpOOn [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Searching on google I found this: http://www.siafoo.net/article/61 He had the same issue and said to change permission of the file to 664. I tried and it worked. Is that normal? Why does it happen? If a file is meant to be run as a command or program, make it executable. (It would be good to *also* make the file behave well when imported as a module instead.) If it's meant to be imported as a module, do *not* make it executable. Unit test modules, which are primarily meant to be imported and have the tests collected and *then* run by the unit test framework, should be non-executable modules. I'm very glad nose enforces this. -- \“Humanity has advanced, when it has advanced, not because it | `\ has been sober, responsible, and cautious, but because it has | _o__)been playful, rebellious, and immature.” —Tom Robbins | Ben Finney -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Hooking windowsmessages with python
On Nov 20, 3:52 am, Kevin Osthoff [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi! I'm trying to set a message hook with python to catch WM_DROPFILES. The guiframework is Tkinter. Here a code snippet: hwnd = eval(self.wm_frame()) win32gui.DragAcceptFiles(hwnd,1) wnd = win32ui.CreateWindowFromHandle(hwnd) wnd.HookMessage(self.test,w32con.WM_DROPFILES) def test(self): print blala The DragAcceptFiles-Call seems to be alright. When i drag a file over the gui there is this drag-and-drop icon. But the problem is, that the callback-function (test) is never executed. I also try different messages like Mousemove or Buttondown. So i think there is a problem with the HookMessage function. I read that you must compile Python with PYWIN_WITH_WINDOWPROC option enabled. Is this the problem? Can someone give me a short working code to hook a message so i can try it on my workstation? Thx in advance! I've done some hooks in C. If no one has a simpler way, I can help you build a DLL to do it, and call it from Python. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Optional parameter object re-used when instantiating multiple objects
On Nov 19, 7:58 pm, alex23 [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On Nov 20, 10:14 am, Aaron Brady [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: If you had a menu in a browser interface that had the items, say, 'Stop' and 'Reload', what would you expect to happen if you clicked on them? If you had a keyword called 'def', which defined functions, would you expect it to define said functions when it executed, or on each function call? At first, I would expect it to define them at compile-time. Then, when I learned there was no such thing, I would expect it to define them at execute-time. What does that have to do with evaluating a default argument? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: strange permission issue with nosetests
On Thu, Nov 20, 2008 at 13:34, Ben Finney [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Mr.SpOOn [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Searching on google I found this: http://www.siafoo.net/article/61 He had the same issue and said to change permission of the file to 664. Unit test modules, which are primarily meant to be imported and have the tests collected and *then* run by the unit test framework, should be non-executable modules. I'm very glad nose enforces this. Mmm it seems strange to me. I mean, there isn't any reference to this on the site. How would one imagine he needs to change permission? And it is strange that the first time I didn't need to change anything. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Programming exercises/challenges
a diary manager compatible with my Emacs diary file (sometimes I don't want to open Emacs for a quick note) Arnaud You mean that you sometimes don't have emacs open? I am constantly amazed at work that people open a separate emacs for each file they want to edit. Most of them seem not to even know that find-file exists. Skip -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Official definition of call-by-value (Re: Finding the instance reference...)
On Nov 19, 7:22 pm, greg [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Antoon Pardon wrote: You are changing your argument. In a follow up you made the point that call by value should be as it was intended by the writers of the algol 60 report. No, I was countering the argument that call by value is short for call by copying the value. I was pointing out that the inventors of the term didn't use any such words. Arguing that their words were intended to imply copying, as part of the essence of the idea, is making an even bigger assumption about their intentions, IMO. Rather it seems to me that the essence of the idea they had in mind is that call-by-value is equivalent to assignment. Furthermore, I don't seem to be alone in coming to that conclusion -- the designers of other dynamic languages appear to be using the same logic when they describe their parameter passing as call-by-value. Here's an example from The SNOBOL Programming Language, 2nd Edition, by R. E. Griswold, J. F. Poage and I. P. Polonsky. On p. 15: Arguments are passed by value and may be arbitrarily complex expressions. and later on p. 95: When a call to a programmer-defined function is made, the arguments to the call are evaluated first. Before execution of the procedure begins ... new values are assigned to these variables as follows: ... (2) the formal arguments are assigned their values. Tell me, what happens during a call to the following C++ function? void f( std::vector int x ); Is it the same as what happens during a call to the following Python function? def f( x ): ... If not, which one is call-by-value? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Can't find Python Library packages in Ubuntu (Debian)
I'm new in this list (and to Python), so I'd like to start saying hello to everyone first. I am really enjoying this new language! I am trying to use the standard tests (like test_list.py or test_dict.py) from the standard library (Python2.5), but they aren't available on a standard Ubuntu Hardy or Ibex installation. Searching in the official download, I found a rich test structure under 'Lib/test/', but in my installation, this directory doesn't contain much. The dpkg-file script didn't find any packages for these specific files either. I looked manually in any 'python-' package that seemed reasonable, with no success, and Google didn't help this time. So, the first question is: How do I install the complete Python test framework under Ubuntu (Debian)? Since I spend long times in a remote area without network connection, I usually try to set-up everything I need (and might eventually need) on my computer in advance, in order to avoid unpleasant surprises. Thus, I would really try to make sure, I have a complete Python installed on my notebook. But I couldn't find out for sure what parts are missing in a standard Ubuntu installation, and what needs to be added manually. So, my second question: What (meta?-)package(s) do I have to install under Ubuntu (Debian) in order to get a full (as in the official release) Python installation? Thank you in advance! Jerzy -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: strange permission issue with nosetests
Mr.SpOOn [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Mmm it seems strange to me. I mean, there isn't any reference to this on the site. How would one imagine he needs to change permission? And it is strange that the first time I didn't need to change anything. This seems now to have moved to be more about the specifics of ‘nose’, rather than about Python. Perhaps it started there. Regardless, it's probably best to take these questions to a more focused community, such as the developers themselves. -- \ “Men never do evil so completely and cheerfully as when they do | `\it from religious conviction.” —Blaise Pascal (1623-1662), | _o__) Pensées, #894. | Ben Finney -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
imported method from module evaluates to None in some cases
Hi:
I'm having a problem in some zope (2.10) code (HTTPResponse.py) where
a method that gets imported somehow evaluates to None in certain cases
which causes a TypeError exception to be raised (eg: TypeError:
'NoneType' object is not callable). The code excerpt is below where
the exception is raised on the line with the comment 'TypeError IS
RAISED HERE'. I've read that the thread stack size may be insufficient
but the I compiled a test pthreads program on the same system to get
the default. I used pthread_attr_getstacksize() and it returned
3657952 (3.5 mb?). I would imagine that's enough. Any ideas how this
could occur?
from PubCore.ZEvent import Wakeup
def close(self):
DebugLogger.log('A', id(self._request),
'%s %s' % (self._request.reply_code, self._bytes))
if not self._channel.closed:
self._channel.push(LoggingProducer(self._request,
self._bytes), 0)
self._channel.push(CallbackProducer(self._channel.done),
0)
self._channel.push(CallbackProducer(
lambda t=('E', id(self._request)): apply
(DebugLogger.log, t)), 0)
if self._shutdown:
self._channel.push(ShutdownProducer(), 0)
Wakeup()
else:
if self._close: self._channel.push(None, 0)
Wakeup()# TypeError IS RAISED HERE
else:
# channel closed too soon
self._request.log(self._bytes)
DebugLogger.log('E', id(self._request))
if self._shutdown:
Wakeup(lambda: asyncore.close_all())
else:
Wakeup()
self._channel=None #need to break cycles?
self._request=None
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Can't find Python Library packages in Ubuntu (Debian)
Jerzy Jalocha N wrote: I'm new in this list (and to Python), so I'd like to start saying hello to everyone first. I am really enjoying this new language! I am trying to use the standard tests (like test_list.py or test_dict.py) from the standard library (Python2.5), but they aren't available on a standard Ubuntu Hardy or Ibex installation. Searching in the official download, I found a rich test structure under 'Lib/test/', but in my installation, this directory doesn't contain much. The dpkg-file script didn't find any packages for these specific files either. I looked manually in any 'python-' package that seemed reasonable, with no success, and Google didn't help this time. So, the first question is: How do I install the complete Python test framework under Ubuntu (Debian)? Since I spend long times in a remote area without network connection, I usually try to set-up everything I need (and might eventually need) on my computer in advance, in order to avoid unpleasant surprises. Thus, I would really try to make sure, I have a complete Python installed on my notebook. But I couldn't find out for sure what parts are missing in a standard Ubuntu installation, and what needs to be added manually. So, my second question: What (meta?-)package(s) do I have to install under Ubuntu (Debian) in order to get a full (as in the official release) Python installation? The one thing you will definitely need is the python-dev-package. It will contain things such as headers and distutils that are needed to build and install 3rd-party-packages. I don't have the slightest idea where the tests are - but you can of course always install the source package :) Diez -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: imported method from module evaluates to None in some cases
Andrew [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: I'm having a problem in some zope (2.10) code (HTTPResponse.py) where a method that gets imported somehow evaluates to None in certain cases which causes a TypeError exception to be raised (eg: TypeError: 'NoneType' object is not callable). The code excerpt is below where the exception is raised on the line with the comment 'TypeError IS RAISED HERE'. Could the certain cases involve automatic invocation of the close method at interpreter shutdown? While the interpreter shuts down, module-level variables are set to None. This is documented in some detail in http://www.python.org/doc/essays/cleanup/, steps C1-C3. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Hooking windowsmessages with python
On Nov 20, 3:52 am, Kevin Osthoff [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi! I'm trying to set a message hook with python to catch WM_DROPFILES. The guiframework is Tkinter. Here a code snippet: hwnd = eval(self.wm_frame()) win32gui.DragAcceptFiles(hwnd,1) wnd = win32ui.CreateWindowFromHandle(hwnd) wnd.HookMessage(self.test,w32con.WM_DROPFILES) def test(self): print blala The DragAcceptFiles-Call seems to be alright. When i drag a file over the gui there is this drag-and-drop icon. But the problem is, that the callback-function (test) is never executed. I also try different messages like Mousemove or Buttondown. So i think there is a problem with the HookMessage function. I read that you must compile Python with PYWIN_WITH_WINDOWPROC option enabled. Is this the problem? Can someone give me a short working code to hook a message so i can try it on my workstation? Thx in advance! I recommend re-posting to the PyWin32 mailing list where the creators of this package lurk. They'll probably be able to give you some advice: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-win32 Mike -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Problem with writing fast UDP server
Hi guys, I am struggling writing fast UDP server. It has to handle around 1 UDP packets per second. I started building that with non blocking socket and threads. Unfortunately my approach does not work at all. I wrote a simple case test: client and server. The client sends 2200 packets within 0.137447118759 secs. The tcpdump received 2189 packets, which is not bad at all. But the server only handles 700 -- 870 packets, when it is non- blocking, and only 670 – 700 received with blocking sockets. The client and the server are working within the same local network and tcpdump shows pretty correct amount of packets received. I included a bit of the code of the UDP server. class PacketReceive(threading.Thread): def __init__(self, tname, socket, queue): self._tname = tname self._socket = socket self._queue = queue threading.Thread.__init__(self, name=self._tname) def run(self): print 'Started thread: ', self.getName() cnt = 1 cnt_msgs = 0 while True: try: data = self._socket.recv(512) msg = data cnt_msgs += 1 total += 1 # self._queue.put(msg) print 'thread: %s, cnt_msgs: %d' % (self.getName(), cnt_msgs) except: pass I was also using Queue, but this didn't help neither. Any idea what I am doing wrong? I was reading that Python socket modules was causing some delays with TCP server. They recomended to set up socket option for nondelays: sock.setsockopt(SOL_TCP, TCP_NODELAY, 1) . I couldn't find any similar option for UDP type sockets. Is there anything I have to change in socket options to make it working faster? Why the server can't process all incomming packets? Is there a bug in the socket layer? btw. I am using Python 2.5 on Ubuntu 8.10. Cheers K -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
C extension type gives type error in power operator
I'm trying to implement an extension type with a power operator. The
operator is unusual in that I want to allow my objects to be raised to
an integer power:
p = Pattern()
p3 = p ** 3
I've implemented the code for a nb_power slot, it converts the other
argument to a C long using PyInt_AsLong().
static PyObject *
Pattern_pow (PyObject *self, PyObject *other, PyObject *modulo)
{
long n = PyInt_AsLong(other);
...
/* Ignore modulo argument - not meaningful */
if (n == -1 PyErr_Occurred())
return NULL;
...
}
However, when I try to use the operator, I get the following error:
TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for ** or pow():
'_ppeg.Pattern' and 'int'
I'm not sure where this error is coming from, as I don't have any type
checks in my code. Is there something else I should add to allow mixed-
type operations? (This is Python 2.5, if it matters).
Oh, and is there a good reference for writing C extensions for Python
anywhere? The manuals aren't bad, but I keep hitting empty sections
(e.g., 10.5 Number Object Structures).
Thanks
Paul.
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
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Re: Problem with writing fast UDP server
Krzysztof Retel [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: But the server only handles 700 -- 870 packets, when it is non- blocking, and only 670 – 700 received with blocking sockets. What are your other threads doing? Have you tried the same code without any threading? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: imported method from module evaluates to None in some cases
On Nov 20, 6:53 am, Hrvoje Niksic [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Andrew [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: I'm having a problem in some zope (2.10) code (HTTPResponse.py) where a method that gets imported somehow evaluates to None in certain cases which causes a TypeError exception to be raised (eg: TypeError: 'NoneType' object is not callable). The code excerpt is below where the exception is raised on the line with the comment 'TypeError IS RAISED HERE'. Could the certain cases involve automatic invocation of the close method at interpreter shutdown? While the interpreter shuts down, module-level variables are set to None. This is documented in some detail inhttp://www.python.org/doc/essays/cleanup/, steps C1-C3. That's possible. I didn't know that. Now I guess the question for me is why and where did the interpreter shutdown? I don't see log entries relating to it. Is it possible for me to intercept an interpreter shutdown so I can find out the location and possibly the reason why the interpreter abruptly shuts down? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
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Re: Hooking windowsmessages with python
Mike Driscoll schrieb: I recommend re-posting to the PyWin32 mailing list where the creators of this package lurk. They'll probably be able to give you some advice: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-win32 Ok. I will try this. Mike -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: strange permission issue with nosetests
Mr.SpOOn schreef: On Thu, Nov 20, 2008 at 13:34, Ben Finney [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Mr.SpOOn [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Searching on google I found this: http://www.siafoo.net/article/61 He had the same issue and said to change permission of the file to 664. Unit test modules, which are primarily meant to be imported and have the tests collected and *then* run by the unit test framework, should be non-executable modules. I'm very glad nose enforces this. Mmm it seems strange to me. I mean, there isn't any reference to this on the site. How would one imagine he needs to change permission? And it is strange that the first time I didn't need to change anything. You can also nosetests --exe; with that option, nose will also include executable files (see the section nosetests usage on the website (http://somethingaboutorange.com/mrl/projects/nose/#usage, under Options)). It took me a while too before I could figure what was wrong, and how to solve it. -- The saddest aspect of life right now is that science gathers knowledge faster than society gathers wisdom. -- Isaac Asimov Roel Schroeven -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Hooking windowsmessages with python
Aaron Brady wrote: I've done some hooks in C. If no one has a simpler way, I can help you build a DLL to do it, and call it from Python. Thx for the offer but i will try to do it in python first. ;) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: C extension type gives type error in power operator
Paul Moore schrieb:
I'm trying to implement an extension type with a power operator. The
operator is unusual in that I want to allow my objects to be raised to
an integer power:
p = Pattern()
p3 = p ** 3
I've implemented the code for a nb_power slot, it converts the other
argument to a C long using PyInt_AsLong().
static PyObject *
Pattern_pow (PyObject *self, PyObject *other, PyObject *modulo)
{
long n = PyInt_AsLong(other);
...
/* Ignore modulo argument - not meaningful */
if (n == -1 PyErr_Occurred())
return NULL;
...
}
However, when I try to use the operator, I get the following error:
TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for ** or pow():
'_ppeg.Pattern' and 'int'
Try to set Py_TPFLAGS_CHECKTYPES in your extension type (in the tp_flags slot).
from object.h:
/* PyNumberMethods do their own coercion */
#define Py_TPFLAGS_CHECKTYPES (1L4)
I'm not sure where this error is coming from, as I don't have any type
checks in my code. Is there something else I should add to allow mixed-
type operations? (This is Python 2.5, if it matters).
Oh, and is there a good reference for writing C extensions for Python
anywhere? The manuals aren't bad, but I keep hitting empty sections
(e.g., 10.5 Number Object Structures).
I normally look into the newest python reference manual, even if I'm
programming for older versions. But sometimes you have to took into
the header files, too.
Thomas
--
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Re: Problem with writing fast UDP server
On Nov 20, 3:34 pm, Hrvoje Niksic [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Krzysztof Retel [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: But the server only handles 700 -- 870 packets, when it is non- blocking, and only 670 – 700 received with blocking sockets. What are your other threads doing? Have you tried the same code without any threading? I have only this one thread, which I can run couple of times. I tried without a threading and was the same result, not all packets were processed. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Getting fractional part from a float without using string operations
On 20 Nov, 06:01, srinivasan srinivas [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Yes it works for most of the cases. But it doesn't for the following case: str(abs(int(1234567.89)-1234567.89)) '0.88999898' Well, that is 0.89 or about as near to it as the calculation can represent. Like other numbers 0.89 evidently cannot be exactly represented as a float in binary. The nearest number above it is 0.89 0.89001 This is not a Python issue but a result of storing numbers in floating binary form. BTW, please post comments below existing ones rather than above them. It is more familiar on Usenet and, as a consequence, easier to read. James -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Nokia N96 16GB -GSM- Cell Phone (Unlocked) Quad Band
7*24 hour On-line service: MSN/Email:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Our website: http://www.elec-bestseller.cn Operating Frequency * WCDMA2100/900 (HSDPA) / EGSM900, GSM850/1800/1900 MHz (EGPRS) * Automatic switching between bands and modes * DVB-H Class C, 470-750 MHz Dimensions * Volume: 92 cc * Weight: 125 g * Length: 103 mm * Width: 55 mm * Depth: 18 mm, locally up to 20 mm Memory Functions* * 16GB internal flash memory, plus microSD memory card slot (hot swappable) for expandability and flexibility * Approximate dynamic memory capacity indication with 16GB storage: o Video: 40 hours** o Music: 12,000 tracks*** * 128MB RAM, 256MB system memory (operating system plus dynamic user data area) *Changes to product details are possible without prior notice. Application offering may vary. Dynamic memory means that the available memory is shared between dynamic memory functions. When any of these functions is used, there is less available memory for other functions which are also dependent on dynamic memory. ** Video capacity is based on H.264 768-kbps video at 320-by-240 resolution, combined with 96-kbps AAC audio. Music capacity is based on 3:45 min per track and 48 kbps eAAC+ encoding. *** Capacity based on 3:45 per song with 48 kbps eAAC+ (M4A) encoding on the Nokia Audio Manager. Capacity with 128 kbps AAC encoding is up to [12,000] songs. Power Management* * Battery: Nokia Battery BL-5F, 950 mAh * Talk time: up to 150 / 220 minutes (WCDMA / GSM) * Standby: up to 200 / 220 hours (WCDMA / GSM) * Video playback: up to 5 hours (offline mode) * Music playback: up to 14 hours (offline mode) * TV playback: up to 4 hours (DVB-H) * Operation times may vary depending on radio access technology used, operator network configuration and usage. Display and User Interface * 2.8 QVGA (240 x 320 pixels) LCD TFT display with up to 16 million colors * User Interface: S60 3rd edition, feature pack 2 * Active standby screen, Multimedia menu Data Transfer * WCDMA HSDPA 900/2100 MHz with simultaneous voice and packet data (PS max speed DL/UL= 3.6Mbps/384kbps, CS max speed 64kbps) * Dual Transfer Mode (DTM) support for simultaneous voice and packet data connection in GSM/EDGE networks. Simple class A, multi slot class 11, max speed DL/UL: 177.6/118.4kbps * EGPRS class B, multi slot class 32, max speed DL/UL= 296/177.6kbps * GPRS class B, multi slot class 32, max speed DL/UL= 107/64.2kbps Video TV Video center * Video center: central hub for video experiences * Access to last played video and easy resume * My videos: collection of stored videos * Access to Internet Videos, compatible with RSS feeds and video podcasts, with direct wireless updates and downloads * Service catalog to discover new Internet Videos Video Codecs and Formats * MPEG-4 Part 2 (H.263/SP), up to VGA 30 fps, hardware-accelerated codec, scaled to max QVGA on device screen, or max SDTV on TV-out * MPEG-4 Part 10 (H.264/AVC), up to VGA 30 fps, hardware- accelerated codec, scaled to max QVGA on device screen, or SDTV on TV- out * Windows Media Video (WMV9), up to CIF/QVGA 30 fps, hardware- accelerated codec, scaled to max QVGA on device screen, or SDTV on TV- out * RealVideo QCIF at 30 fps * Flash video support in browser * DRM support: OMA DRM 1, OMA DRM 2, WM DRM Live TV * Broadcast Television (DVB-H) capable o DVB-H based mobile TV with internal antenna o DVB-H Class C, 470-750 MHz Browser-based video access * Support for download, streaming and progressive download * Support for Flash video http://www.elec-bestseller.cn/products.asp?id=972 -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: C extension type gives type error in power operator
On 20 Nov, 15:43, Thomas Heller [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Paul Moore schrieb: However, when I try to use the operator, I get the following error: TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for ** or pow(): '_ppeg.Pattern' and 'int' Try to set Py_TPFLAGS_CHECKTYPES in your extension type (in the tp_flags slot). from object.h: /* PyNumberMethods do their own coercion */ #define Py_TPFLAGS_CHECKTYPES (1L4) Excellent! That did exactly what I wanted. (I wonder how it affects my other operations - I'll look into that, it probably helps in ways I hadn't suspected). Oh, and is there a good reference for writing C extensions for Python anywhere? The manuals aren't bad, but I keep hitting empty sections (e.g., 10.5 Number Object Structures). I normally look into the newest python reference manual, even if I'm programming for older versions. But sometimes you have to took into the header files, too. This particular issue was in the 2.6 manual. I hadn't thought to check there. Add browse the 2.6 manuals to my ever-increasing todo list :-) Or maybe just get round to installing 2.6, and be done with it. Or there's always ask the experts on clp :-) (I did at least look in the sources, but never thought of checking the type flags). Thanks, Paul -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Problem with writing fast UDP server
On 20 Nov, 16:03, Krzysztof Retel [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi guys, I am struggling writing fast UDP server. It has to handle around 1 UDP packets per second. I started building that with non blocking socket and threads. Unfortunately my approach does not work at all. I wrote a simple case test: client and server. The client sends 2200 packets within 0.137447118759 secs. The tcpdump received 2189 packets, which is not bad at all. But the server only handles 700 -- 870 packets, when it is non- blocking, and only 670 – 700 received with blocking sockets. The client and the server are working within the same local network and tcpdump shows pretty correct amount of packets received. I included a bit of the code of the UDP server. class PacketReceive(threading.Thread): def __init__(self, tname, socket, queue): self._tname = tname self._socket = socket self._queue = queue threading.Thread.__init__(self, name=self._tname) def run(self): print 'Started thread: ', self.getName() cnt = 1 cnt_msgs = 0 while True: try: data = self._socket.recv(512) msg = data cnt_msgs += 1 total += 1 # self._queue.put(msg) print 'thread: %s, cnt_msgs: %d' % (self.getName(), cnt_msgs) except: pass I was also using Queue, but this didn't help neither. Any idea what I am doing wrong? I was reading that Python socket modules was causing some delays with TCP server. They recomended to set up socket option for nondelays: sock.setsockopt(SOL_TCP, TCP_NODELAY, 1) . I couldn't find any similar option for UDP type sockets. Is there anything I have to change in socket options to make it working faster? Why the server can't process all incomming packets? Is there a bug in the socket layer? btw. I am using Python 2.5 on Ubuntu 8.10. Cheers K Stupid question: did you try removing the print (e.g. printing once every 100 messages) ? Ciao FB -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: redirecting stdout/err to mysql table
I've had a similar requiredment and made a small tool for direct logging into databases (see: http://sourceforge.net/projects/rrlog/ ) It's origins are somewhat older than the Python 2.3 standard logging framework, so it can be used without that (but can also be simply integrated with it.) It even does some more than you currently need (log rotation and remote logging). Ratsberg -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Ip format
Many thanks for your help
I have also find the correct socket function:
ip 1578568204
ip = socket.inet_aton(ip)
ip_dot = socket.inet_ntoa(ip)
Thanks Luca
On 20 Nov, 12:36, Tim Chase [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Hello i have this ip 1578568204
how socket function i can have the ip dotted-quad string?
i have try socket.inet_aton get no error but only this ^ETB FF
I've got the following program I threw together for one of my
junior developers:
from sys import argv, exit
if len(argv) 2:
print Usage:
print \t%s ip_address % argv[0]
print \t%s int % argv[0]
print \nThe first form translates a dotted-quad format into
int format
print \nThe second form translates from int form to a
dotted-quad
exit(1)
src = argv[1]
if src.count('.') == 3:
a,b,c,d = map(lambda s: 0xff and int(s), src.split('.'))
print (
(a (8*3)) |
(b (8*2)) |
(c (8*1)) |
d)
else:
i = int(src)
a = 0xff (i (8*3))
b = 0xff (i (8*2))
c = 0xff (i (8*1))
d = 0xff (i)
print '%s.%s.%s.%s' % (a,b,c,d)
The code you're looking for is in the bottom else: clause.
Yes, that could be optimized to just c = 0xff (i 8) in the
3rd case, but it made it easier for my junior developer to
understand what was going on.
There might be some library function to do these transformations
for you, but after a quick look, I didn't find anything.
-tkc
--
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Re: Problem with writing fast UDP server
On Nov 20, 4:00 pm, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On 20 Nov, 16:03, Krzysztof Retel [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi guys, I am struggling writing fast UDP server. It has to handle around 1 UDP packets per second. I started building that with non blocking socket and threads. Unfortunately my approach does not work at all. I wrote a simple case test: client and server. The client sends 2200 packets within 0.137447118759 secs. The tcpdump received 2189 packets, which is not bad at all. But the server only handles 700 -- 870 packets, when it is non- blocking, and only 670 – 700 received with blocking sockets. The client and the server are working within the same local network and tcpdump shows pretty correct amount of packets received. I included a bit of the code of the UDP server. class PacketReceive(threading.Thread): def __init__(self, tname, socket, queue): self._tname = tname self._socket = socket self._queue = queue threading.Thread.__init__(self, name=self._tname) def run(self): print 'Started thread: ', self.getName() cnt = 1 cnt_msgs = 0 while True: try: data = self._socket.recv(512) msg = data cnt_msgs += 1 total += 1 # self._queue.put(msg) print 'thread: %s, cnt_msgs: %d' % (self.getName(), cnt_msgs) except: pass I was also using Queue, but this didn't help neither. Any idea what I am doing wrong? I was reading that Python socket modules was causing some delays with TCP server. They recomended to set up socket option for nondelays: sock.setsockopt(SOL_TCP, TCP_NODELAY, 1) . I couldn't find any similar option for UDP type sockets. Is there anything I have to change in socket options to make it working faster? Why the server can't process all incomming packets? Is there a bug in the socket layer? btw. I am using Python 2.5 on Ubuntu 8.10. Cheers K Stupid question: did you try removing the print (e.g. printing once every 100 messages) ? :) Of course I did Nothing has changed I wonder if there is a kind of setting for socket to allow no delays? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: how to acces the block inside of a context manager as sourcecode
Hi Aaron, the dataStore combines both the printing and analysis (it will create a report). Unfortunately the end of the block already needs to be known in __enter__, as the report starts to print during the measurement. I decided to do it the following way: __enter__ gets the start line number using the idea you proposed. then the program reads the number of lines that are indented with respect to the with block. This could cause problems for strange indenting, but this should not happen in my application. Unfortunately I could not use the ast module, because the comments are an important part of the report. Thank you for your ideas Daniel class CM( object ): def __enter__(self): self.startline= inspect.stack( )[ 1 ][ 0 ].f_lineno print 'startline',self.startline filename = inspect.stack( )[-1][1] def getIndentation(line): # TODO: handle comments and docstrings correctly return len(line) - len(line.lstrip()) with open(filename,'r') as f: lines=f.readlines()[self.startline-1:] indent0=getIndentation(lines[0]) indent =[getIndentation(i)-indent0 for i in lines[1:]] nlines = [n for l,n in zip(indent,xrange(1,100)) if l 0][0] self.callingCode = lines[:self.startline+nlines] print self.callingCode def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, traceback): pass if __name__ == '__main__': with CM(): print 'in first' a= 0 b= 1 c= 2 print 'end of first' with CM(): d= 3 e= 4 -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python / Debian package dependencies
On 20 Nov, 02:14, Steven Samuel Cole [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I am trying to build a debian package for my python modules using stdeb and dpkg-buildpackage. The package building itself works, I also managed to have an entry point created and I can use my python modules on the Ubuntu virtual machine I use to test the package. The problem is that my modules require the psycopg2 python package and the entry point seems to require setuptools. Are you saying that psycopg2 needs setuptools for the setup.py script to work? This isn't generally the case (or wasn't), but maybe the entry point is a setuptools thing which would then demand that software's presence. I can't figure out how to declare a dependency that actually results in the dependency Debian packages being installed. I tried adding these lines to setup.py: requires = ['psycopg2', 'setuptools'], requires = ['psycopg2 (=0.1)', 'setuptools (=0.1)'], install_requires = ['psycopg2', 'setuptools'], install_requires = ['psycopg2=0.1', 'setuptools=0.1'], How does stdeb know which package provides psycopg2? I'm not really familiar with stdeb - I write my own packaging files - but might it be the case that you need to specify python-psycopg2 instead? Paul -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: More elegant way to try running a function X times?
Tim Chase wrote: success = None for i in range(5): #Try to fetch public IP success = CheckIP() if success: break if not success: print Exiting. sys.exit() Though a bit of an abuse, you can use if not any(CheckIP() for _ in range(5)): print Exiting sys.exit() I don't see why you speak of abuse, bit of abuse would be, say if you replaced range(5) by '12345' to win a char; but otoh I think you misspelled any() for all(). Cheers BB -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: More elegant way to try running a function X times?
success = None for i in range(5): #Try to fetch public IP success = CheckIP() if success: break if not success: print Exiting. sys.exit() Though a bit of an abuse, you can use if not any(CheckIP() for _ in range(5)): print Exiting sys.exit() I don't see why you speak of abuse, bit of abuse would be, say if you replaced range(5) by '12345' to win a char; but otoh I think you misspelled any() for all(). The OP's code break'ed (broke?) upon the first success, rather than checking all of them. Thus, it would be any() rather than all(). Using all() would require 5 successful calls to CheckIP(), rather than one-out-of-five successful calls. As for abuse, the for _ in iterable always feels a little hokey to me. It works, but feels warty. -tkc -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Module Structure/Import Design Problem
Rafe wrote: Hi, I am in a situation where I feel I am being forced to abandon a clean module structure in favor of a large single module. If anyone can save my sanity here I would be forever grateful. My problem is that classes in several modules share a common base class which needs to implement a factory method to return instances of these same classes. An example to help illustrate what I mean: Lets say I have the following modules with the listed classes: - baselib.py with BaseClass - types.py with TypeA, ... - special.py with SpecialTypeA, ... Which would be used a bit like this: type_a = any_type_instance.get_type(TypeA) special_type = type_a.get_type(SpecialTypeA) Again, I can get around this by dumping everything in to one module, but it muddies the organization of the package a bit. This seems like a problem that would come up a lot. Are there any design paradigms I can apply here? I'm not an expert, I even don't fully understand your problem, but having struggled with imports in the past, I've a solution now, which seems to work quit well. cheers, Stef Cheers - Rafe -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: More elegant way to try running a function X times?
Gilles Ganault wrote: Hello As a newbie, it's pretty likely that there's a smarter way to do this, so I'd like to check with the experts: I need to try calling a function 5 times. If successful, move on; If not, print an error message, and exit the program: = success = None for i in range(5): #Try to fetch public IP success = CheckIP() if success: break if not success: print Exiting. sys.exit() Use the for statement's else clause: it's there to allow you to specify code to be executed only when the loop terminates normally. for i in range(5): if CheckIP(): break else: sys.exit(Could not verify IP address) ... remainder of program ... regards Steve -- Steve Holden+1 571 484 6266 +1 800 494 3119 Holden Web LLC http://www.holdenweb.com/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: More elegant way to try running a function X times?
On Thu, Nov 20, 2008 at 11:58 PM, Steve Holden [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Gilles Ganault wrote: Hello As a newbie, it's pretty likely that there's a smarter way to do this, so I'd like to check with the experts: I need to try calling a function 5 times. If successful, move on; If not, print an error message, and exit the program: = success = None for i in range(5): #Try to fetch public IP success = CheckIP() if success: break if not success: print Exiting. sys.exit() Use the for statement's else clause: it's there to allow you to specify code to be executed only when the loop terminates normally. for i in range(5): if CheckIP(): break else: sys.exit(Could not verify IP address) ... remainder of program ... and possibly use 'xrange(5)' instead of 'range(5)' ... -- regards, Banibrata http://www.linkedin.com/in/bdutta http://octapod.wordpress.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Module Structure/Import Design Problem
Rafe wrote: Hi, I am in a situation where I feel I am being forced to abandon a clean module structure in favor of a large single module. If anyone can save my sanity here I would be forever grateful. My problem is that classes in several modules share a common base class which needs to implement a factory method to return instances of these same classes. An example to help illustrate what I mean: Lets say I have the following modules with the listed classes: - baselib.py with BaseClass - types.py with TypeA, ... - special.py with SpecialTypeA, ... Which would be used a bit like this: type_a = any_type_instance.get_type(TypeA) special_type = type_a.get_type(SpecialTypeA) Again, I can get around this by dumping everything in to one module, but it muddies the organization of the package a bit. This seems like a problem that would come up a lot. Are there any design paradigms I can apply here? Well a simple way to do this is to observe that even when a base class's method is inherited by an instance of a subclass, when the method is called the type of self is the subclass. And you can call the subclass's type to create an instance. Perhaps the following code would make it more obvious: $ cat baseclass.py class Base(object): def factory(self, arg): return type(self)(arg) [EMAIL PROTECTED] /c/Users/sholden/Projects/Python $ cat subclass.py from baseclass import Base class sub(Base): def __init__(self, arg): print Creating a sub with arg, arg s = sub(Manual) thing = s.factory(Auto) print type(thing) [EMAIL PROTECTED] /c/Users/sholden/Projects/Python $ python subclass.py Creating a sub with arg Manual Creating a sub with arg Auto class '__main__.sub' Hope this helps. regards Steve -- Steve Holden+1 571 484 6266 +1 800 494 3119 Holden Web LLC http://www.holdenweb.com/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Module Structure/Import Design Problem
Stef Mientki wrote: Rafe wrote: Hi, I am in a situation where I feel I am being forced to abandon a clean module structure in favor of a large single module. If anyone can save my sanity here I would be forever grateful. My problem is that classes in several modules share a common base class which needs to implement a factory method to return instances of these same classes. An example to help illustrate what I mean: Lets say I have the following modules with the listed classes: - baselib.py with BaseClass - types.py with TypeA, ... - special.py with SpecialTypeA, ... Which would be used a bit like this: type_a = any_type_instance.get_type(TypeA) special_type = type_a.get_type(SpecialTypeA) Again, I can get around this by dumping everything in to one module, but it muddies the organization of the package a bit. This seems like a problem that would come up a lot. Are there any design paradigms I can apply here? I'm not an expert, I even don't fully understand your problem, but having struggled with imports in the past, I've a solution now, which seems to work quit well. That's not very helpful, is it? Were you planning to keep the solution secret? regards steve -- Steve Holden+1 571 484 6266 +1 800 494 3119 Holden Web LLC http://www.holdenweb.com/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
SOAPpy SyntaxError
Hello, I'm going through the SOAP Web Services portion of Mark Pilgrim's tutorial and I'm getting this error when trying to build: python setup.py build Traceback (most recent call last): File setup.py, line 8, in module from SOAPpy.version import __version__ File /Users/username/Desktop/SOAPpy-0.12.0/SOAPpy/__init__.py, line 5, in module from Client import * File /Users/username/Desktop/SOAPpy-0.12.0/SOAPpy/Client.py, line 46 from __future__ import nested_scopes SyntaxError: from __future__ imports must occur at the beginning of the file I tried moving that line and it didn't help. Thanks, Jason -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python image library issue: domain users cannot save files?
I have no problem with the python builtin open which we use dayly. Thanks for the hints. Best, V On Nov 19, 5:56 pm, Gabriel Genellina [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: En Wed, 19 Nov 2008 13:43:07 -0200, [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] escribió: Has anyone try to use PIL in a windows domain environment? I am having a permission issue. If I am a domain user, even I have the permission to write a folder, when I tried to do simple things like Image.open (foo.tif).save(bar.tif), i am getting exception IOError (0, Error). I tried to set os.umask(0) before I saved the file but the same exception threw. But If I am the same domain user with local admin permission on a windows box, I have no problem with the same script. Does anyone ever have the same situation and know a work around for this? Thanks. Try using the builtin open() function to create/read/write files. If you have the same issues then you can take away PIL from the question and concentrate on setting the proper permissions for the user running the script. -- Gabriel Genellina -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Memory error due to the huge/huge input file size
On Nov 10, 4:47 pm, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Hello Everyone,
I need to read a .csv file which has a size of 2.26 GB . And I wrote a
Python script , where I need to read this file. And my Computer has 2
GB RAM Please see the code as follows:
This program has been developed to retrieve all the promoter sequences
for the specified
list of genes in the given cluster
So, this program will act as a substitute to the whole EZRetrieve
system
Input arguments:
1) Cluster.txt or DowRatClust161718bwithDummy.txt
2) TransProCrossReferenceAndSequences.csv - This is the file that has
all the promoter sequences
3) -2000
4) 500
import time
import csv
import sys
import linecache
import re
from sets import Set
import gc
print time.localtime()
fileInputHandler = open(sys.argv[1],r)
line = fileInputHandler.readline()
refSeqIDsinTransPro = []
promoterSequencesinTransPro = []
reader2 = csv.reader(open(sys.argv[2],rb))
reader2_list = []
reader2_list.extend(reader2)
for data2 in reader2_list:
refSeqIDsinTransPro.append(data2[3])
for data2 in reader2_list:
promoterSequencesinTransPro.append(data2[4])
while line:
l = line.rstrip('\n')
for j in range(1,len(refSeqIDsinTransPro)):
found = re.search(l,refSeqIDsinTransPro[j])
if found:
promoterSequencesinTransPro[j]
print l
line = fileInputHandler.readline()
fileInputHandler.close()
The error that I got is given as follows:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File RefSeqsToPromoterSequences.py, line 31, in module
reader2_list.extend(reader2)
MemoryError
I understand that the issue is Memory error and it is caused because
of the line reader2_list.extend(reader2). Is there any other
alternative method in reading the .csv file line by line?
sincerely,
Suprabhath
Thanks a Lot James Mills. It worked
--
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Re: Using eval, or something like it...
r0g wrote: John Machin wrote: You mention variables of a class but you then proceed to poke at an instance of the class Check out setattr (and getattr) in the docs. The former i.e. the variables of an instance of a class. Thanks :-) Careful here. Your wording seems to indicate you misunderstand the Python model. The instance doesn't have variables (and your class built nothing that could be called an instance variable). Think of the attributes of an instance (or a class) as values attached to (or associated with) the instance. If you don't you are setting yourself up to discover a pile of bugs that you don't understand. --Scott David Daniels [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Module Structure/Import Design Problem
I'm not an expert, I even don't fully understand your problem, but having struggled with imports in the past, I've a solution now, which seems to work quit well. That's not very helpful, is it? Were you planning to keep the solution secret? sorry slip of the keyboard ;-) http://mientki.ruhosting.nl/data_www/pylab_works/pw_importing.html cheers, Stef -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Fwd: Problem with writing a long line in a text file
--- I use notepad to view my txt file. It appears that way in this tool.
--- Here is the output of the debug lines that you mentioned:
print *line*.find('\n')
-1
print len(*line*)
1528
print repr(line)
'0.0\t3.0\t10.0\t24.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t33.0\t40.0\t40.0\t40.0\t40.0\t32.0\t30.0\t32.0\t26.0\t23.0\t30.0\t32.0\t40.0\t40.0\t40.0\t40.0\t40.0\t40.0\t38.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t24.0\t10.0\t11.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t18.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t17.0\t20.0\t23.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t27.0\t20.0\t20.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t23.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t10.0\t10.0\t14.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t27.0\t30.0\t30.0\t27.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t19.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t12.0\t10.0\t13.0\t13.0\t10.0\t2.0\t0.0\t3.0\t5.0\t10.0\t5.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t5.0\t0.0\t2.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t16.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t10.0\t18.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t27.0\t30.0\t30.0\t35.0\t40.0\t40.0\t31.0\t20.0\t20.0\t21.0\t30.0\t33.0\t46.0\t50.0\t50.0\t50.0\t48.0\t40.0\t43.0\t50.0\t50.0\t50.0\t56.0\t60.0\t60.0\t60.0\t61.0\t70.0\t70.0\t70.0\t70.0\t75.0\t80.0\t83.0\t90.0\t90.0\t92.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t93.0\t86.0\t80.0\t91.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t98.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t94.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t90.0\t83.0\t87.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t'
thanks
Mohsen
-- Forwarded message --
From: Mohsen Akbari [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Nov 19, 2008 5:27 PM
Subject: Problem with writing a long line in a text file
To: python-list@python.org
Dear guys,
I'm a newbie in python and I have this problem with the code that I'm
writing. There is a very long line which I wish to output it to a text
file.But when I do this, in the output file, the result appears in two
lines. I thought maybe that's because the maximum possible length of the
text file has been reached so I opened the file and I tried to put some
space at the end of the first line. It wasn't possible to do that for the
first line and the space was placed before the first character of the second
line. I kept pressing space bar to add more spaces and so the whole second
line was moved to the write till it exceeded the first line. I mean the
length of the second line became longer than the first line which means the
text file can accept longer lines.
As a second guess, I thought maybe I had '\n' somewhere in my input string
so I tried to check that by doing:
temp_ = out_string.find('\n')
print temp_
The result was -1 which I think means there is not '\n' in my output
string. Now I'm really confused and I don't know what to do. I really
appreciate it if somebody can help me out.
BTW, I'm using windows.
Regards,
Mohsen
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Fwd: Problem with writing a long line in a text file
Mohsen Akbari wrote:
Dear guys,
I'm a newbie in python and I have this problem with the code that I'm
writing. There is a very long line which I wish to output it to a text
file.But when I do this, in the output file, the result appears in two
lines. I thought maybe that's because the maximum possible length of the
text file has been reached so I opened the file and I tried to put some
space at the end of the first line. It wasn't possible to do that for
the first line and the space was placed before the first character of
the second line. I kept pressing space bar to add more spaces and so the
whole second line was moved to the write till it exceeded the first
line. I mean the length of the second line became longer than the first
line which means the text file can accept longer lines.
As a second guess, I thought maybe I had '\n' somewhere in my input
string so I tried to check that by doing:
temp_ = out_string.find('\n')
print temp_
The result was -1 which I think means there is not '\n' in my output
string. Now I'm really confused and I don't know what to do. I really
appreciate it if somebody can help me out.
BTW, I'm using windows.
Then, later:
--- I use notepad to view my txt file. It appears that way in this tool.
--- Here is the output of the debug lines that you mentioned:
print *line*.find('\n')
-1
print len(*line*)
1528
print repr(line)
'0.0\t3.0\t10.0\t24.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t33.0\t40.0\t40.0\t40.0\t40.0\t32.0\t30.0\t32.0\t26.0\t23.0\t30.0\t32.0\t40.0\t40.0\t40.0\t40.0\t40.0\t40.0\t38.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t24.0\t10.0\t11.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t18.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t17.0\t20.0\t23.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t27.0\t20.0\t20.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t23.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t10.0\t10.0\t14.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t27.0\t30.0\t30.0\t27.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t19.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t12.0\t10.0\t13.0\t13.0\t10.0\t2.0\t0.0\t3.0\t5.0\t10.0\t5.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t5.0\t0.0\t2.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t16.0\t20
.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t10.0\t18.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t27.0\t30.0\t30.0\t35.0\t40.0\t40.0\t31.0\t20.0\t20.0\t21.0\t30.0\t33.0\t46.0\t50.0\t50.0\t50.0\t48.0\t40.0\t43.0\t50.0\t50.0\t50.0\t56.0\t60.0\t60.0\t60.0\t61.0\t70.0\t70.0\t70.0\t70.0\t75.0\t80.0\t83.0\t90.0\t90.0\t92.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t93.0\t86.0\t80.0\t91.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t98.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t94.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t90.0\t83.0\t87.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t'
thanks
Mohsen
There is only one line in your file. Notepad just can't display lines
beyond a certain length, is all, so it inserts a line break in the
window (but not in the file).
regards
Steve
--
Steve Holden+1 571 484 6266 +1 800 494 3119
Holden Web LLC http://www.holdenweb.com/
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Re: help with comparison
On Nov 19, 11:36 pm, George Sakkis [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On Nov 19, 10:21 pm,tekion[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi, Could some one take a look at the below code snipet which keep failing: import optparse p = optparse.OptionParser(description=script to do stuff, prog=myscript.py, ) p.add_option(-c --compress, help=0 is noncompress) function1(options.compress) here's what the what function definition looks like: function1(zipfile) : if (zipfile == 1): do stuff here with for compress file else do stuff here when I call the script myscript.py 1, the above test keeps falling to the else clause. I am thinking the object zipfile is not the same as 1. Any thoughts as how I should test if the argument being pass in and parse by optparse is 1 or 0? Thanks. 1 (without quotes) is not the same as 1 (with quotes); the first is an integer, the second a string. optparse returns strings by default, so the easiest change would be to make the check 'if zipfile == 1'. Even better, since it's a boolean option, pass action=store_true to p.add_option(). The test then is reduced to if zipfile and the program is to be called by myscript.py -c. Read the docs [1] for more details. HTH, George [1]http://docs.python.org/library/optparse.html#standard-option-actions Thanks. This fixed it. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: More elegant way to try running a function X times?
Tim Chase wrote: success = None for i in range(5): #Try to fetch public IP success = CheckIP() if success: break if not success: print Exiting. sys.exit() Though a bit of an abuse, you can use if not any(CheckIP() for _ in range(5)): print Exiting sys.exit() I don't see why you speak of abuse, bit of abuse would be, say if you replaced range(5) by '12345' to win a char; but otoh I think you misspelled any() for all(). The OP's code break'ed (broke?) upon the first success, rather than checking all of them. Thus, it would be any() rather than all(). Using all() would require 5 successful calls to CheckIP(), rather than one-out-of-five successful calls. Right. So it could also be written if all(not CheckIP()... . Perhaps more closely re-telling the OP's ? As for abuse, the for _ in iterable always feels a little hokey to me. It works, but feels warty. I guess this means you did not learn Prolog before Python ? Cheers, BB -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Python 3 __cmp__ semantic change?
Hello group, I'm porting some code of mine to Python 3. One class has the __cmp__ operator overloaded, but comparison doesn't seem to work anymore with that: Traceback (most recent call last): File ./parse, line 25, in module print(x y) TypeError: unorderable types: IP() IP() Was there some kind of semantic change? Kind regards, Johannes -- Meine Gegenklage gegen dich lautet dann auf bewusste Verlogenheit, verlästerung von Gott, Bibel und mir und bewusster Blasphemie. -- Prophet und Visionär Hans Joss aka HJP in de.sci.physik [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: spam update
Hi, Grant Edwards wrote: . . . It does penalizes legitimate users who post from Google Groups. They've made the choice to use the same posting conduit as spammers, and presumably they know the consequences. Hmm I made the chooice to use google groups because sometimes I like to write / read news from work (and there's no nntp access) I didn't know aboug gmane. Finding a solution which doesn't penalize gmail users is still a good idea I think. When having time to play I'll look into gmane though bye N -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python 3 __cmp__ semantic change?
On Nov 20, 1:18 pm, Johannes Bauer [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hello group, I'm porting some code of mine to Python 3. One class has the __cmp__ operator overloaded, but comparison doesn't seem to work anymore with that: Traceback (most recent call last): File ./parse, line 25, in module print(x y) TypeError: unorderable types: IP() IP() Was there some kind of semantic change? Overload __lt__ method. Inyeol -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Fwd: Problem with writing a long line in a text file
Steve Holden wrote:
Mohsen Akbari wrote:
Dear guys,
I'm a newbie in python and I have this problem with the code that I'm
writing. There is a very long line which I wish to output it to a text
file.But when I do this, in the output file, the result appears in two
lines. I thought maybe that's because the maximum possible length of the
text file has been reached so I opened the file and I tried to put some
space at the end of the first line. It wasn't possible to do that for
the first line and the space was placed before the first character of
the second line. I kept pressing space bar to add more spaces and so the
whole second line was moved to the write till it exceeded the first
line. I mean the length of the second line became longer than the first
line which means the text file can accept longer lines.
As a second guess, I thought maybe I had '\n' somewhere in my input
string so I tried to check that by doing:
temp_ = out_string.find('\n')
print temp_
The result was -1 which I think means there is not '\n' in my output
string. Now I'm really confused and I don't know what to do. I really
appreciate it if somebody can help me out.
BTW, I'm using windows.
Then, later:
--- I use notepad to view my txt file. It appears that way in this tool.
--- Here is the output of the debug lines that you mentioned:
print *line*.find('\n')
-1
print len(*line*)
1528
print repr(line)
'0.0\t3.0\t10.0\t24.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t33.0\t40.0\t40.0\t40.0\t40.0\t32.0\t30.0\t32.0\t26.0\t23.0\t30.0\t32.0\t40.0\t40.0\t40.0\t40.0\t40.0\t40.0\t38.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t24.0\t10.0\t11.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t18.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t17.0\t20.0\t23.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t27.0\t20.0\t20.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t30.0\t23.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t10.0\t10.0\t14.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t27.0\t30.0\t30.0\t27.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t19.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t12.0\t10.0\t13.0\t13.0\t10.0\t2.0\t0.0\t3.0\t5.0\t10.0\t5.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t5.0\t0.0\t2.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t10.0\t16.0\t
20
.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t10.0\t18.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t20.0\t27.0\t30.0\t30.0\t35.0\t40.0\t40.0\t31.0\t20.0\t20.0\t21.0\t30.0\t33.0\t46.0\t50.0\t50.0\t50.0\t48.0\t40.0\t43.0\t50.0\t50.0\t50.0\t56.0\t60.0\t60.0\t60.0\t61.0\t70.0\t70.0\t70.0\t70.0\t75.0\t80.0\t83.0\t90.0\t90.0\t92.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t93.0\t86.0\t80.0\t91.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t98.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t94.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t100.0\t90.0\t83.0\t87.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t90.0\t'
thanks
Mohsen
There is only one line in your file. Notepad just can't display lines
beyond a certain length, is all, so it inserts a line break in the
window (but not in the file).
Some text editors can display very long lines, others can't and just
wrap them when displaying. Notepad can't.
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python 3 __cmp__ semantic change?
[EMAIL PROTECTED] schrieb: On Nov 20, 1:18 pm, Johannes Bauer [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hello group, I'm porting some code of mine to Python 3. One class has the __cmp__ operator overloaded, but comparison doesn't seem to work anymore with that: Traceback (most recent call last): File ./parse, line 25, in module print(x y) TypeError: unorderable types: IP() IP() Was there some kind of semantic change? Overload __lt__ method. Well, of course I could do that, but the python doc says: Called by comparison operations if rich comparison (see above) is not defined. http://www.python.org/doc/2.5.2/ref/customization.html And my code works just fine with 2.5 - only on 3.0 it doesn't work anymore. Why is that? Regards, Johannes -- Meine Gegenklage gegen dich lautet dann auf bewusste Verlogenheit, verlästerung von Gott, Bibel und mir und bewusster Blasphemie. -- Prophet und Visionär Hans Joss aka HJP in de.sci.physik [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python 3 __cmp__ semantic change?
Johannes Bauer wrote: Hello group, I'm porting some code of mine to Python 3. One class has the __cmp__ operator overloaded, but comparison doesn't seem to work anymore with that: __cmp__ is gone Christian -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: spam update
On 2008-11-20, News123 [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I didn't know aboug gmane. The UI isn't as fancy as Google's, but it's a way of separating yourself from the spammers. Finding a solution which doesn't penalize gmail users is still a good idea I think. Of course. One problem is that Google doesn't seem to be interested in doing anything about the problem. I tried to come up with filter patterns that would filter out the spam coming from GoogleGroups, but it's a constantly moving target: filters that work well today, don't work well tomorrow. I finally gave up and filtered out anything posted from google. :/ -- Grant Edwards grante Yow! Oh my GOD -- the at SUN just fell into YANKEE visi.comSTADIUM!! -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python 3 __cmp__ semantic change?
Johannes Bauer wrote: [EMAIL PROTECTED] schrieb: On Nov 20, 1:18 pm, Johannes Bauer [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hello group, I'm porting some code of mine to Python 3. One class has the __cmp__ operator overloaded, but comparison doesn't seem to work anymore with that: Traceback (most recent call last): File ./parse, line 25, in module print(x y) TypeError: unorderable types: IP() IP() Was there some kind of semantic change? Overload __lt__ method. Well, of course I could do that, but the python doc says: Called by comparison operations if rich comparison (see above) is not defined. http://www.python.org/doc/2.5.2/ref/customization.html And my code works just fine with 2.5 - only on 3.0 it doesn't work anymore. Why is that? Well the Python 2.5 documentation can't be regarded as a reliable guide to what to expect in 3.0 ... You will observe that __cmp__ no longer appears in the index: http://docs.python.org/dev/3.0/genindex-_.html regards Steve -- Steve Holden+1 571 484 6266 +1 800 494 3119 Holden Web LLC http://www.holdenweb.com/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Air Force1 and Air Jordan shoes PAYPAL wholesale
Pierre-Alain Dorange wrote: air force1 shoes [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: air force1 shoes. air force1 high shoes. air force1 light shoes File stdin, line 1 air force1 shoes. air force1 high shoes. air force1 light shoes ^ SyntaxError: invalid syntax LOL! X0D -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Tools for using virtual environments and PEP 370
Python 2.6 implemented PEP 370: Per-user site-packages Directory[1] Now, are there any tools I could use to create and activate virtual environments like workingenv, virtualenv etc. but that will use PYTHONUSERBASE instead of hard-linking the python program. [1] http://docs.python.org/dev/whatsnew/2.6.html#pep-370-per-user-site-packages-directory -- дамјан ( http://softver.org.mk/damjan/ ) When you do things right, people won't be sure if you did anything at all. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Programming exercises/challenges
Edwin wrote: On Nov 18, 6:39 pm, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi guys, I'm learning Python by teaching myself, and after going through several tutorials I feel like I've learned the basics. Since I'm not taking a class or anything, I've been doing challenges/programs to reinforce the material and improve my skills. I started out with stuff like Guess my number games, hangman, etc. and moved on to making poker and card games to work with classes. For GUIs I created games like minesweeper, and a GUI stock portfolio tracker. I am out of ideas and am looking forprogrammingprojects, challenges, or programs that have helped you'll learn. I'm working on the project Euler problems, but I find that they don't really help myprogrammingskills; they are more math focused. Suggestions? What has been useful or interesting to you? I'd also welcome sources of textbook type problems, because the ones provided in tutorials tend to be repetitive. Thanks, Ben I'm also learning Python by myself, downloading open ebooks, reading tutorials, reading other people's code, etc. and in order to put my knowledge into practice I've been writing small programs to solve my everyday computer problems: a simple email client (because sometimes it seems to me that email clients now have so many features and preferences) that reads my fetchmailrc, a diary manager compatible with my Emacs diary file (sometimes I don't want to open Emacs for a quick note)... in general I try to solve problems related to my own workflow. I also try to play with some of my girlfriend's ideas on computer use: she came up with an idea for a calculator with which she could easily keep track of our bills (but found financial software a bit complicated for simple tasks, once again, too many features and preferences) so I started to code a small multi-touch app as intuitive as possible (and still working on it). What I'm saying is that I've found useful not to think about programming itself but just think of it as a medium to solve my own (common) problems. Best regards, E. Spotted this on facebook t'other day, don't know if it's still active and don't have time to check really. http://www.facebook.com/jobs_puzzles/index.php I've found writing your own servers can be an good hands on way of learning languages and various internet protocols, just make sure you have Wireshark to hand for debugging! Roger. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python 3 __cmp__ semantic change?
Steve Holden [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: You will observe that __cmp__ no longer appears in the index: http://docs.python.org/dev/3.0/genindex-_.html I searched in vain for an official description of this changed behaviour. Where can we find an official description of how comparisons are different in Python 3.0? -- \ “[Entrenched media corporations will] maintain the status quo, | `\ or die trying. Either is better than actually WORKING for a | _o__) living.” —ringsnake.livejournal.com, 2007-11-12 | Ben Finney -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python 3 __cmp__ semantic change?
Ben Finney wrote: Steve Holden [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: You will observe that __cmp__ no longer appears in the index: http://docs.python.org/dev/3.0/genindex-_.html I searched in vain for an official description of this changed behaviour. Where can we find an official description of how comparisons are different in Python 3.0? If it's not present then it would be worth reporting it as a 3.0 bug - there's still time to get it in, as the release isn't due until early December. regards Steve -- Steve Holden+1 571 484 6266 +1 800 494 3119 Holden Web LLC http://www.holdenweb.com/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python 3 __cmp__ semantic change?
Ben Finney wrote: Steve Holden [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: You will observe that __cmp__ no longer appears in the index: http://docs.python.org/dev/3.0/genindex-_.html I searched in vain for an official description of this changed behaviour. Where can we find an official description of how comparisons are different in Python 3.0? I was going to say look in What's New, but the __cmp__ removal is missing. So I filed http://bugs.python.org/issue4372 -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python 3 __cmp__ semantic change?
Terry Reedy wrote: I was going to say look in What's New, but the __cmp__ removal is missing. So I filed http://bugs.python.org/issue4372 The whatsnew section of Python 3.0 is still empty. Guido didn't had time to write it. http://bugs.python.org/issue2306 -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
How to get the class instance of a passed method ?
hello, if I pass a class method to a function, is it possible to determine the class instance in that function ? class test ( object ) : def My_Method ( self ) : return 22 def do_something ( parameter ) : # here I want to determine My_Instance My_Instance = test () do something ( My_Instance.My_Method ) thanks Stef Mientki -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
How to get the class instance of a passed method ?
hello, if I pass a class method to a function, is it possible to determine the class instance in that function ? class test ( object ) : def My_Method ( self ) : return 22 def do_something ( parameter ) : # here I want to determine My_Instance My_Instance = test () do something ( My_Instance.My_Method ) thanks Stef Mientki -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
function parameter scope python 2.5.2
I recently encountered some interesting behaviour that looks like a bug to me, but I can't find the appropriate reference to any specifications to clarify whether it is a bug. Here's the example code to demonstrate the issue: class SomeObject(object): def __init__(self): self.words = ['one', 'two', 'three', 'four', 'five'] def main(self): recursive_func(self.words) print self.words def recursive_func(words): if len(words) 0: word = words.pop() print Popped: %s % word recursive_func(words) else: print Done if __name__ == '__main__': weird_obj = SomeObject() weird_obj.main() The output is: Popped: five Popped: four Popped: three Popped: two Popped: one Done [] Of course I expected that recursive_func() would receive a copy of weird_obj.words but it appears to happily modify the object. Of course a work around is to explicitly create a copy of the object property befor passing it to recursive_func, but if it's used more than once inside various parts of the class that could get messy. Any thoughts? Am I crazy and this is supposed to be the way python works? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to get the class instance of a passed method ?
Stef Mientki wrote: hello, if I pass a class method to a function, is it possible to determine the class instance in that function ? class test ( object ) : def My_Method ( self ) : return 22 def do_something ( parameter ) : # here I want to determine My_Instance My_Instance = test () do something ( My_Instance.My_Method ) class Example(object): ... def method(self): ... pass ... example = Example() example.method.im_self __main__.Example object at 0x7fc3cdb5b650 example.method.im_class class '__main__.Example' example.method.im_func function method at 0x7fc3cdb566e0 Christian -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: function parameter scope python 2.5.2
J Kenneth King [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: I recently encountered some interesting behaviour that looks like a bug to me, but I can't find the appropriate reference to any specifications to clarify whether it is a bug. Here's the example code to demonstrate the issue: class SomeObject(object): def __init__(self): self.words = ['one', 'two', 'three', 'four', 'five'] def main(self): recursive_func(self.words) print self.words def recursive_func(words): if len(words) 0: word = words.pop() print Popped: %s % word recursive_func(words) else: print Done if __name__ == '__main__': weird_obj = SomeObject() weird_obj.main() The output is: Popped: five Popped: four Popped: three Popped: two Popped: one Done [] Of course I expected that recursive_func() would receive a copy of weird_obj.words but it appears to happily modify the object. Of course a work around is to explicitly create a copy of the object property befor passing it to recursive_func, but if it's used more than once inside various parts of the class that could get messy. Any thoughts? Am I crazy and this is supposed to be the way python works? Of course, providing a shallow (or deep as necessary) copy makes it work, I'm curious as to why the value passed as a parameter to a function outside the class is passed a reference rather than a copy. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to get the class instance of a passed method ?
Christian Heimes wrote: thanks Christian, cheers, Stef -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python 3 __cmp__ semantic change?
Steve Holden schrieb: If it's not present then it would be worth reporting it as a 3.0 bug - there's still time to get it in, as the release isn't due until early December. Seems it was removed on purpose - I'm sure there was a good reason for that, but may I ask why? Instead of the sleek __cmp__ function I had earlier, I now have code like: def __lt__(self, other): return self.__cmp__(other) 0 def __le__(self, other): return self.__cmp__(other) 0 def __gt__(self, other): return self.__cmp__(other) 0 def __ge__(self, other): return self.__cmp__(other) = 0 Does anyone know the reason why __cmp__ was discarded? Kind regards, Johannes -- Meine Gegenklage gegen dich lautet dann auf bewusste Verlogenheit, verlästerung von Gott, Bibel und mir und bewusster Blasphemie. -- Prophet und Visionär Hans Joss aka HJP in de.sci.physik [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: function parameter scope python 2.5.2
On Nov 21, 9:40 am, J Kenneth King [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Of course, providing a shallow (or deep as necessary) copy makes it work, I'm curious as to why the value passed as a parameter to a function outside the class is passed a reference rather than a copy. You're passing neither a reference nor a copy, you're passing the object (in this case a list) directly: http://effbot.org/zone/call-by-object.htm -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python 3 __cmp__ semantic change?
Christian Heimes wrote: Terry Reedy wrote: I was going to say look in What's New, but the __cmp__ removal is missing. So I filed http://bugs.python.org/issue4372 The whatsnew section of Python 3.0 is still empty. Guido didn't had time to write it. http://bugs.python.org/issue2306 What's New in Python 3.0 is incomplete but definitely not empty, and it is part of the doc set. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Using eval, or something like it...
Scott David Daniels wrote: r0g wrote: John Machin wrote: You mention variables of a class but you then proceed to poke at an instance of the class Check out setattr (and getattr) in the docs. The former i.e. the variables of an instance of a class. Thanks :-) Careful here. Your wording seems to indicate you misunderstand the Python model. The instance doesn't have variables (and your class built nothing that could be called an instance variable). Think of the attributes of an instance (or a class) as values attached to (or associated with) the instance. If you don't you are setting yourself up to discover a pile of bugs that you don't understand. --Scott David Daniels [EMAIL PROTECTED] OK now I'm confused, let me explain how I see things at the moment and you can correct me... A class is like a template which combines a complex data type (made from a combination of other data types) and the methods that operate on that data type. You generally don't work with classes directly but you make instances of them, each instance has it's own internal state and methods, initially these are the same as the templates but can be changed or overridden without affecting the state of any other instances you might have. While the perceived wisdom is that you should encapsulate all the methods you need to modify your classes' state within the class itself Python does (for better or worse) permit you to reach inside a class and futz with it's state directly from outside. The bits of an instance's state one might futz with (from within or without) i.e. the primitives that make up the complex object the class is a representation of, I think of as it's variables. It would seem from this setattr function that the proper term for these is 'attributes'. That for many years I have considered pretty much any named thing that may vary a 'variable' might be at the root of the problem here as it's a very un-specific term... So I gather you are saying that the fragments of state within a class are so distinct from ordinary common or garden variables that it is incorrect to think of them, or describe them, as variables, much like quarks should not really be regarded as distinct particles, and they should only be thought of and described as 'attributes' to avoid confusion? Is this correct enough for me to avoid the aforementioned bug pile? Also then, what _is_ an instance variable ? Thanks, Roger. Q: How many pedants does it take to change a lightbulb? A: Well actually you mean replace a lightbulb. Q: Have you ever kissed a girl? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Optional parameter object re-used when instantiating multiple objects
On Nov 20, 10:42 pm, Aaron Brady [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: At first, I would expect it to define them at compile-time. Then, when I learned there was no such thing, I would expect it to define them at execute-time. What does that have to do with evaluating a default argument? It has -everything- to do with it when we're talking about the defining of functions, and certainly a lot more relevance than straw man arguments on the behaviour of browser buttons. You said that you would expect it to define them at execute-time. So is that when the interpreter first hits the def or when the interpreter hits every single function call? Because I personally consider it to clearly occur at the point of definition and not at the point of calling. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python 3 __cmp__ semantic change?
Johannes Seems it was removed on purpose - I'm sure there was a good Johannes reason for that, but may I ask why? Start here: http://www.mail-archive.com/[EMAIL PROTECTED]/msg11474.html Also, a comment to this blog post suggests creating a CmpMixin: http://oakwinter.com/code/porting-setuptools-to-py3k/ Skip -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Optional parameter object re-used when instantiating multiple objects
On Nov 20, 5:54 pm, alex23 [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On Nov 20, 10:42 pm, Aaron Brady [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: At first, I would expect it to define them at compile-time. Then, when I learned there was no such thing, I would expect it to define them at execute-time. What does that have to do with evaluating a default argument? It has -everything- to do with it when we're talking about the defining of functions, and certainly a lot more relevance than straw man arguments on the behaviour of browser buttons. You said that you would expect it to define them at execute-time. So is that when the interpreter first hits the def or when the interpreter hits every single function call? Because I personally consider it to clearly occur at the point of definition and not at the point of calling. Why, I would expect the interpreter to define the functions when it first hits the def, that is, at the point of definition. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
How to run a python app in the background?
I'm a beginning programmer writing a tiny app with a TkInter GUI. Desired functionality: When the user enters a time interval, I want the windows to disappear, and the program to lie dormant until the scheduled time (currently using sched module), when it would pop up another window and execute a command. Current functionality: When the user clicks through a showinfo() window, root.quit() is executed. As I understand it, the program will then complete the commands that come after root.mainloop(), where I have put schedule.entry(...) and schedule.run(). The problem is that the windows just hang until the schedule event happens. The schedule is using time.sleep as the delay. And I have no idea how I'd create a notification popup when the command runs. Is there any obvious solution to this problem? Or a tricky solution? Should I put the scheduler before root.mainloop()? Can I still kill the main window if I do that? I want the app to be totally silent during the interim period. Thanks for your help Kevin -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python 3 __cmp__ semantic change?
Johannes Bauer wrote: Steve Holden schrieb: If it's not present then it would be worth reporting it as a 3.0 bug - there's still time to get it in, as the release isn't due until early December. Seems it was removed on purpose - I'm sure there was a good reason for that, but may I ask why? Instead of the sleek __cmp__ function I had earlier, I now have code like: def __lt__(self, other): return self.__cmp__(other) 0 def __le__(self, other): return self.__cmp__(other) 0 def __gt__(self, other): return self.__cmp__(other) 0 def __ge__(self, other): return self.__cmp__(other) = 0 Does anyone know the reason why __cmp__ was discarded? See previous threads, including recent one about sorting. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Searching for Regular Expressions in a string WITH overlap
I apologize in advance for the newbie question. I'm trying to figure
out a way to find all of the occurrences of a regular expression in a
string including the overlapping ones.
For example, given the string 123456789
I'd like to use the RE ((2)|(4))[0-9]{3} to get the following matches:
2345
4567
Here's what I'm trying so far:
code
#!/usr/bin/env python
import re, repr, sys
string = 123456789
pattern = '(((2)|(4))[0-9]{3})'
r1 = re.compile(pattern)
stringList = r1.findall(string)
for string in stringList:
print string type is:, type(string)
print string is:, string
/code
Which produces:
code
string type is: type 'tuple'
string is: ('2345', '2', '2', '')
/code
I understand that the findall method only returns the non-overlapping
matches. I just haven't figured out a function that gives me the
matches including the overlap. Can anyone point me in the right
direction? I'd also really like to understand why it returns a tuple
and what the '2', '2' refers to.
Thanks for your help!
-Ben
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: function parameter scope python 2.5.2
On Nov 20, 6:40 pm, J Kenneth King [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: J Kenneth King [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: I recently encountered some interesting behaviour that looks like a bug to me, but I can't find the appropriate reference to any specifications to clarify whether it is a bug. Here's the example code to demonstrate the issue: class SomeObject(object): def __init__(self): self.words = ['one', 'two', 'three', 'four', 'five'] def main(self): recursive_func(self.words) print self.words def recursive_func(words): if len(words) 0: word = words.pop() print Popped: %s % word recursive_func(words) else: print Done if __name__ == '__main__': weird_obj = SomeObject() weird_obj.main() The output is: Popped: five Popped: four Popped: three Popped: two Popped: one Done [] Of course I expected that recursive_func() would receive a copy of weird_obj.words but it appears to happily modify the object. Of course a work around is to explicitly create a copy of the object property befor passing it to recursive_func, but if it's used more than once inside various parts of the class that could get messy. Any thoughts? Am I crazy and this is supposed to be the way python works? Of course, providing a shallow (or deep as necessary) copy makes it work, I'm curious as to why the value passed as a parameter to a function outside the class is passed a reference rather than a copy. Why should it be a copy by default ? In Python all copies have to be explicit. George -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python 3 __cmp__ semantic change?
On Nov 20, 6:58 pm, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Johannes Seems it was removed on purpose - I'm sure there was a good Johannes reason for that, but may I ask why? Start here: http://www.mail-archive.com/[EMAIL PROTECTED]/msg11474.html Also, a comment to this blog post suggests creating a CmpMixin: http://oakwinter.com/code/porting-setuptools-to-py3k/ Skip Dropping __cmp__ without providing implicit or at least easy explicit [1] total ordering is (was?) a mistake; it opens the door to subtle bugs or redundant boilerplate code. [1] E.g. http://code.activestate.com/recipes/576529/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Searching for Regular Expressions in a string WITH overlap
On Nov 20, 4:31 pm, Ben [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
I apologize in advance for the newbie question. I'm trying to figure
out a way to find all of the occurrences of a regular expression in a
string including the overlapping ones.
For example, given the string 123456789
I'd like to use the RE ((2)|(4))[0-9]{3} to get the following matches:
2345
4567
Here's what I'm trying so far:
code
#!/usr/bin/env python
import re, repr, sys
string = 123456789
pattern = '(((2)|(4))[0-9]{3})'
r1 = re.compile(pattern)
stringList = r1.findall(string)
for string in stringList:
print string type is:, type(string)
print string is:, string
/code
Which produces:
code
string type is: type 'tuple'
string is: ('2345', '2', '2', '')
/code
I understand that the findall method only returns the non-overlapping
matches. I just haven't figured out a function that gives me the
matches including the overlap. Can anyone point me in the right
direction? I'd also really like to understand why it returns a tuple
and what the '2', '2' refers to.
Thanks for your help!
-Ben
'findall' returns a list of matched groups. A group is anything
surrounded by parens. The groups are ordered based on the position of
the opening paren. so, the first result is matching the parens you
have around the whole expression, the second one is matching the
parens that are around '(2)|(4)', the third is matching '(2)', and the
last one is matching '(4)', which is empty.
I don't know of a way to find all overlapping strings automatically. I
would just do something like this:
import re
text = 0123456789
p = re.compile(r(?:2|4)[0-9]{3}) # The (?:...) is a way of isolating the
values without grouping them.
start = 0
found = []
while True:
... m = p.search(text, start)
... if m is None:
... break
... start = m.start() + 1
... found.append(m.group(0))
...
found
['2345', '4567']
Matt
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Using eval, or something like it...
On Thu, Nov 20, 2008 at 3:54 PM, r0g [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Scott David Daniels wrote: r0g wrote: John Machin wrote: You mention variables of a class but you then proceed to poke at an instance of the class Check out setattr (and getattr) in the docs. The former i.e. the variables of an instance of a class. Thanks :-) Careful here. Your wording seems to indicate you misunderstand the Python model. The instance doesn't have variables (and your class built nothing that could be called an instance variable). Think of the attributes of an instance (or a class) as values attached to (or associated with) the instance. If you don't you are setting yourself up to discover a pile of bugs that you don't understand. --Scott David Daniels [EMAIL PROTECTED] OK now I'm confused, let me explain how I see things at the moment and you can correct me... A class is like a template which combines a complex data type (made from a combination of other data types) and the methods that operate on that data type. You generally don't work with classes directly but you make instances of them, each instance has it's own internal state and methods, initially these are the same as the templates but can be changed or overridden without affecting the state of any other instances you might have. While the perceived wisdom is that you should encapsulate all the methods you need to modify your classes' state within the class itself Python does (for better or worse) permit you to reach inside a class and futz with it's state directly from outside. The bits of an instance's state one might futz with (from within or without) i.e. the primitives that make up the complex object the class is a representation of, I think of as it's variables. It would seem from this setattr function that the proper term for these is 'attributes'. That for many years I have considered pretty much any named thing that may vary a 'variable' might be at the root of the problem here as it's a very un-specific term... So I gather you are saying that the fragments of state within a class Within an instance are so distinct from ordinary common or garden variables that it is incorrect to think of them, or describe them, as variables, much like quarks should not really be regarded as distinct particles, and they should only be thought of and described as 'attributes' to avoid confusion? Is this correct enough for me to avoid the aforementioned bug pile? Yes, I think so. Also then, what _is_ an instance variable ? Metasyntatic variables: C - some class x - some instance y - the word after the dot in the expression: x.y My working definitions based on my knowledge of Python: Attribute - y is an attribute of x. Includes instance variables, properties, and dynamically generated attributes. Since x.y really ends up doing x.__getattribute__(y) behind the scenes, overriding __getattribute__ lets you make attribute lookup more dynamic and have it do interesting things. For example, you could write a class overriding __getattribute__ so that x.y (for any valid Python name y) opened a file with the name y and returned a file object for this file (i.e. x.z returns file(z,w), x.q returns file(q,w), etc without enumerating q, z, etc anywhere in the class). Instance variable - In `x.y`, y is an instance variable of x if it's stored in x.__dict__ or x.__slots__, it's not a method of x (though it can be a function), and it's not a property. Property - y is a property if x.y causes a method call and returns the result of said method call. Basically, x.y becomes equivalent to x.z() if y is a property. Properties can also allow `x.y = a` to be equivalent to `x.z(a)` and `del x.y` to be equivalent to `x.z()`. Properties are created using the built-in function property() Class variable - Unless you're using metaclasses, in C.y, y is always a class variable of C. Thus, methods are technically also class variables. Using metaclasses, C is both a class itself and an instance of another class D, in which case the definition of instance variable (interpreted with regards to C being an instance of D) applies to whether y is a class variable of C or not. Class method - Created using the built-in function classmethod() Essentially, attribute lookup is very dynamic in Python, which complicates things a good bit, so the only thing we know for sure about x.y is that y is an attribute of x. Cheers, Chris -- Follow the path of the Iguana... http://rebertia.com Thanks, Roger. Q: How many pedants does it take to change a lightbulb? A: Well actually you mean replace a lightbulb. Q: Have you ever kissed a girl? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Test if list contains another list
Ali wrote: Its funny, I just visited this problem last week. http://dulceetutile.blogspot.com/2008/11/strange-looking-python- statement_17.html ./Ali -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list That use of reduce is nice, but you better use all() / any(). -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Tyrton ERP 1.0 released
On Nov 18, 3:26 pm, Hartmut Goebel [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On behalf of the Tryton team I'm proud to announce Tryton 1.0, an Open Source application platform and ERP. It provides modularity, scalability and security. This is the first release of Tryton, a fork of OpenERP (formally known as TinyERP). This release is the result of 8 months of intensive work which consist of the rewrite of all modules (including contact, sale, purchase, invoice, analytic and general account and inventory management) and some parts of the core features. It is available in four languages (English, French, German and Spanish). :Homepage: http://www.tryton.org/ :Downloads: http://www.tryton.org/downloads.html :Screenshots:http://www.tryton.org/screenshots.html Tryton is aspire to be a strong community-driven project. We are looking for contributors for translations, documentations and testings as long as business expertise and user feedbacks. What is Tryton? Tryton is a three-tiers high-level general purpose application platform under the license GPL-3 written in Python and use Postgresql as database engine. It is the core base of an Open Source ERP. It provides modularity, scalability and security. The target audience is the small and medium enterprises who are looking for a highly customizable and easy to use application platform and ERP. Tryton provides the ability to organizations to let their solution grow with their needs. Tryton Core -- The core of Tryton (also called Tryton kernel) provide all the necessary functionalities for a complete application framework: data persistence (i.e an ORM with extensive modularity), users management (authentication, fine grained control for data access, handling of concurrent access of resources), workflow and report engines, web services and internationalization. Thus constituting a complete application platform which can be used for any relevant purpose. Base Modules - Currently, the main modules available for Tryton cover the following fields of activity: * Accounting * Invoicing * Sale Management * Purchase Management * Analytic Accounting * Inventory Management They establish a sane base and an easy to use abstraction of some of the key concepts for every business customization. Good! inform the same information to http://www.open-source-erp-site.com, so that more people will get to know about it. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Using eval, or something like it...
r0g wrote: ... A class is like a template which combines a complex data type (made from a combination of other data types) and the methods that operate on that data type. You generally don't work with classes directly but you make instances of them, each instance has it's own internal state and methods, initially these are the same as the templates but can be changed or overridden without affecting the state of any other instances you might have. Take the tutorial and do experiments. The attribute lookup checks the class _and_ the instance (with the instance over-riding the class). Make sure you can explain the output from this: class Demo(object): non_template = 43 d = Demo() print d.non_template Demo.non_template = 44 print d.non_template d.non_template = 45 print d.non_template Demo.non_template = 46 print d.non_template Once you can do that, explain this: class Demo2(object): holder = [] e = Demo2() print e.holder Demo2.holder.append(44) print e.holder e.holder.append(45) print e.holder Demo2.holder.append(46) print e.holder # clue: print d.holder is Demo.holder Is this correct enough for me to avoid the aforementioned bug pile? Also then, what _is_ an instance variable ? Well, when you use the term variable, I suspect that you think it represents storage. OK, it kind of does, but only in the sense that it can hold a reference to an object. A more successful way of thinking is that the attribute name is associated with the value. In fact the object typically has a dictionary doing exactly that, associating attribute names with values. Both the class and the instance have such dictionaries, although there are a few specials that don't work that way (setattr knows about checking for the exceptional cases). The storage can be removed with the del statement. Try del d.non_template print d.non_template del e.holder print e.holder --Scott David Daniels [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Using eval, or something like it...
On Nov 20, 6:54 pm, r0g [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: It would seem from this setattr function that the proper term for these is 'attributes'. That for many years I have considered pretty much any named thing that may vary a 'variable' might be at the root of the problem here as it's a very un-specific term... Exactly, refrain from using the term variable, or value for that matter, in Python context as they are notorious for causing more trouble than they deserve.. So I gather you are saying that the fragments of state within a class are so distinct from ordinary common or garden variables that it is incorrect to think of them, or describe them, as variables, much like quarks should not really be regarded as distinct particles, and they should only be thought of and described as 'attributes' to avoid confusion? Is this correct enough for me to avoid the aforementioned bug pile? No, a class can have attributes just like a instance can, and you can use setattr() to set an attribute for a class just like you do it for instances: class Foo(): bar = 1 gum = 2 setattr(Foo, 'bar', 3) Foo.bar 3 George -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: SOAPpy SyntaxError
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I'm going through the SOAP Web Services portion of Mark Pilgrim's tutorial and I'm getting this error when trying to build: File /Users/username/Desktop/SOAPpy-0.12.0/SOAPpy/Client.py, line 46 from __future__ import nested_scopes SyntaxError: from __future__ imports must occur at the beginning of the file I tried moving that line and it didn't help. I was able to successfully move that line to the very top of the file in each of the files it errored in. There are quite a number of them and it must be done in all files that contain that line. I really wish that SOAPpy wasn't so dead. There are a few other bugs that I found as well revolving around namespace errors but I never had time to debug them properly to contribute a patch. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Problem with writing fast UDP server
En Thu, 20 Nov 2008 14:24:20 -0200, Krzysztof Retel
[EMAIL PROTECTED] escribió:
On Nov 20, 4:00 pm, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
On 20 Nov, 16:03, Krzysztof Retel [EMAIL PROTECTED]
wrote:
I am struggling writing fast UDP server. It has to handle around 1
UDP packets per second. I started building that with non blocking
socket and threads. Unfortunately my approach does not work at all.
I wrote a simple case test: client and server. The client sends 2200
packets within 0.137447118759 secs. The tcpdump received 2189 packets,
which is not bad at all.
But the server only handles 700 -- 870 packets, when it is non-
blocking, and only 670 – 700 received with blocking sockets.
The client and the server are working within the same local network
and tcpdump shows pretty correct amount of packets received.
I wonder if there is a kind of setting for socket to allow no delays?
I've used this script to test sending UDP packets. I've not seen any
delays.
code
a very simple UDP test
Usage:
%(name)s client remotehost message to send|length of message
to continuously send messages to remotehost until Ctrl-C
%(name)s server
to listen for messages until Ctrl-C
Uses port %(port)d. Once stopped, shows some statistics.
Creates udpstress-client.csv or udpstress-server.csv with
pairs (size,time)
import os, sys
import socket
import time
PORT = 21758
BUFSIZE = 4096
socket.setdefaulttimeout(10.0)
def server(port):
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
sock.bind(('',port))
print Receiving at port %d % (port)
history = []
print Waiting for first packet to arrive...,
sock.recvfrom(BUFSIZE)
print ok
t0 = time.clock()
while 1:
try:
try:
data, remoteaddr = sock.recvfrom(BUFSIZE)
except socket.timeout:
print Timed out
break
except KeyboardInterrupt: # #1755388 #926423
raise
t1 = time.clock()
if not data:
break
history.append((len(data), t1-t0))
t0 = t1
except KeyboardInterrupt:
print Stopped
break
sock.close()
return history
def client(remotehost, port, data):
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
history = []
print Sending %d-bytes packets to %s:%d % (len(data), remotehost,
port)
t0 = time.clock()
while 1:
try:
nbytes = sock.sendto(data, (remotehost,port))
t1 = time.clock()
if not nbytes:
break
history.append((nbytes, t1-t0))
t0 = t1
except KeyboardInterrupt:
print Stopped
break
sock.close()
return history
def show_stats(history, which):
npackets = len(history)
bytes_total = sum([item[0] for item in history])
bytes_avg = float(bytes_total) / npackets
bytes_max = max([item[0] for item in history])
time_total = sum([item[1] for item in history])
time_max = max([item[1] for item in history])
time_min = min([item[1] for item in history])
time_avg = float(time_total) / npackets
speed_max = max([item[0]/item[1] for item in history if item[1]0])
speed_min = min([item[0]/item[1] for item in history if item[1]0])
speed_avg = float(bytes_total) / time_total
print Packet count %8d % npackets
print Total bytes%8d bytes % bytes_total
print Total time %8.1f secs % time_total
print Avg size / packet %8d bytes % bytes_avg
print Max size / packet %8d bytes % bytes_max
print Max time / packet %8.1f us % (time_max*1e6)
print Min time / packet %8.1f us % (time_min*1e6)
print Avg time / packet %8.1f us % (time_avg*1e6)
print Max speed %8.1f Kbytes/sec % (speed_max/1024)
print Min speed %8.1f Kbytes/sec % (speed_min/1024)
print Avg speed %8.1f Kbytes/sec % (speed_avg/1024)
print
open(udpstress-%s.csv % which,w).writelines(
[%d,%f\n % item for item in history])
if len(sys.argv)1:
if client.startswith(sys.argv[1].lower()):
remotehost = sys.argv[2]
data = sys.argv[3]
if data.isdigit(): # means length of message
data = x * int(data)
history = client(remotehost, PORT, data)
show_stats(history, client)
sys.exit(0)
elif server.startswith(sys.argv[1].lower()):
history = server(PORT)
show_stats(history, server)
sys.exit(0)
print sys.stderr, __doc__ % {
name: os.path.basename(sys.argv[0]),
port: PORT}
/code
Start the server before the client.
--
Gabriel Genellina
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python / Debian package dependencies
Hi Stephane, thanks for your reply! :-) I do not get any notification or warning or whatever from dpkg, all output I get when running # sudo dpkg -i python-package name_0.0.1-4927-1_all.deb is Selecting previously deselected package python-package name. (Reading database ... 15026 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking python-package name (from python-package name_0.0.1-4927-1_all.deb) ... Setting up python-package name (0.0.1-4927-1) ... And my package name package itself does get installed, but the 'psycopg2' and 'setuptools' packages it depends on do not get installed... How would I install a package with apt-get if I don't have it in the repository, but only have a local .deb file ? Cheers, Steve 2008/11/20 Stephane Bulot [EMAIL PROTECTED]: Hi Steven, This is a normal behaviour for dpkg. If there is a failing dependancy, dpkg will not install dependancies, it will notify only and will not install the package. Dependancies installations are managed by the front-end to dpkg (aptitude or apt). This is not a python issue that you are facing to. Cheers Stephbul 2008/11/20 Steven Samuel Cole [EMAIL PROTECTED] Hi all, I am trying to build a debian package for my python modules using stdeb and dpkg-buildpackage. The package building itself works, I also managed to have an entry point created and I can use my python modules on the Ubuntu virtual machine I use to test the package. The problem is that my modules require the psycopg2 python package and the entry point seems to require setuptools. I can't figure out how to declare a dependency that actually results in the dependency Debian packages being installed. I tried adding these lines to setup.py: requires = ['psycopg2', 'setuptools'], requires = ['psycopg2 (=0.1)', 'setuptools (=0.1)'], install_requires = ['psycopg2', 'setuptools'], install_requires = ['psycopg2=0.1', 'setuptools=0.1'], and then run stdeb_run_setup and dpkg-buildpackage -rfakeroot -uc -us in the deb_dist/package name folder created, but when I copy the .deb file over to the virtual machine and do dpkg -i .deb file, none of them would actually install psycopg2 and setuptools. What am I doing wrong ? Am I actually somewhat on the right track or am I doing complete nonsense ? Thanks for your help! Cheers, Steve -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
