Re: exporting symbols with ctypes?
Brian schrieb: I'd like to load a library that expects executables which link against it to provide a particular symbol. Is there a way to do the inverse of the in_dll() operation? I'd prefer to avoid creating a brand new library on the fly just to satisfy this one dependency. Maybe elmer can help here: http://elmer.sourceforge.net/ It appears to be a bit dated, but maybe it shows a way how to go about this. Diez -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Killing threads
On Apr 5, 9:48 pm, Dennis Lee Bieber wrote: > On Sun, 05 Apr 2009 12:54:45 +0200, Francesco Bochicchio > declaimed the following in > gmane.comp.python.general: > > > If yor threads are not set as 'deamons' using Thread.setDaemon method, > > then your main program at its termination should call Thread.join for > > each of the thread spawned, otherwise the whole process will not quit. > > .join() alone won't do anything but wait for the thread itself to > quit -- which means one still has to signal the threads to commit > suicide. > Yes. Mine was an 'additional suggestion' to the ones that the OP already received. I guests that was not clear enough ... .. follows a nice explanation on methods to stop threads that I was too lazy to write ... > > If the thread has the capability to become blocked on some operation > (say a socket read without timeout), none of these solutions will work. > That just leaves setting the threads daemonic at the start -- which > indicates the runtime may brutally kill them when the main program > exits. > You know, this bugger me a little. I know that killing threads is hard in any language (I'm facing now the issue in a C++ program I'm writing at work), expecially doing in a platform-independent way, but Java managed to do it. Now python is in many ways an higher level language than Java, but when it comes to threading I feel it lacks something. I know that often it is not too hard to avoid blocking reads, and you can always use subprocesses that with the new multiprocessing module are almost as easy as threads, but still ... Ciao - FB -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Monitoring Internet Explorer
Hi, I'm trying to write a program that monitor Internet Explorer events - creating/deletion of the process, loading pages, creating tabs etc. I managed to monitor creation/deletion by using WMI, but I couldn't find a way to monitor the rest of the events. Is there a way to do this ? Thanks. Walla! Mail - Get your free unlimited mail today -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Killing threads
On 6 Apr, 05:25, ericwoodwo...@gmail.com wrote: > On Apr 5, 11:07 pm, Dennis Lee Bieber wrote: > > > > > > > On Sun, 5 Apr 2009 17:27:15 -0700 (PDT), imageguy > > declaimed the following in > > gmane.comp.python.general: > > > > In threading.Event python 2.5 docs say; > > > "This is one of the simplest mechanisms for communication between > > > threads: one thread signals an event and other threads wait for it. " > > > > Again, I have limited experience, however, in my reading of the > > > threading manual and review examples, Events were specifically design > > > to be a thread safe way to communicate a 'state' to running threads ? > > > In the OP's example 'do stuff' was open to wide interpretation, > > > however, if within the thread's main 'while' loop the tread checks to > > > see if the 'keepgoing' Event.isSet(), in what scenario would this > > > create deadlock ? > > > If you are going to perform a CPU intensive polling loop, there is > > no sense in using the Event system in the first place... Just create a > > globally accessible flag and set it to true when you want to signal the > > threads (or false if you don't want to use the negation "while not > > flagged: do next processing step") > > > Event is optimized for the case wherein threads can WAIT (block) on > > the Event object. > > -- > > Wulfraed Dennis Lee Bieber KD6MOG > > wlfr...@ix.netcom.com wulfr...@bestiaria.com > > HTTP://wlfraed.home.netcom.com/ > > (Bestiaria Support Staff: web-a...@bestiaria.com) > > HTTP://www.bestiaria.com/ > > Well it turns out my problem was with queues not with threads. I had > a self.die prop in my thread object that defaults to FALSE and that I > set to true when i wanted the thread to die. then my loop would be > while not die: It seemed pretty simple so I didn't know why it was > failing. What I didn't know, because I'm quite new to python, is that > queue.get was blocking. So my producer thread why dying immediately > but my worker threads were all blocking on their queue.gets. So they > were never falling off the loop. I changed it to queue.get_nowait() > and added a queue.empty exception and everything worked as expected. > > So I thought I knew what was going on and that I was having a really > esoteric problem when i was actually having a pretty boring problem I > didn't recognize. > > Thanks everybody for the help!> I've gone through that also, when I started with python threads :-) Be aware that using get_nowait may lead to your thread using too much CPU in checking a queue often empty. I tend to use Queue.get with a timeout, smaller enough to keep the thread responsive but large enough not to waste CPU in too-frequent checks. Ciao - FB -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: py2exe problem
On 03.04.2009 15:58, Dave Angel wrote:
Wolfgang Forstmeier wrote:
Ok, but do you really use idlelib for something? Or it's just some
random code you found somewhere and drop into your application?
Ah yes, I really use this. I create some message boxes for a little
GUI application that controls some other program with COM.
Running my app without py2exe, just with python, there is no warning
at all. This comes in with py2exe first.
Here some piece of code that I use for tkMessageBox.
from idlelib.OutputWindow import tkMessageBox
...
# Define about message box
def about(self):
tkMessageBox.showinfo("About", "My little about text box.")
# --
...
There is some more GUI programming arround that def in my class, but
that uses only Tkinter, should not be interesting for that error.
So why not use tkMessageBox directly, and skip Idle's namespace wrapping?
import tkMessageBox
tkMessageBox.showinfo("About", "My little about text box.")
Hey Dave, thanks a lot, that did the job, because I really does not use
Idle in any other place.
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decorators don't play nice with nose?
Hi, I am trying to test the business part of a web service. For this I
am using unittest & nose.
I wrote a decorator that should handle the xml test file retrieval, but
it seems I can't get it working with nose.
Here's the code:
* MyApp.py -- base test class *
import os
import unittest
from MyApp.Core import XmlParser
__all__ = ['MyAppTest', 'setup']
PATH = os.path.dirname(__file__) or ''
class setup(object):
"""Decorator to ease the use of xml files in MyApp tests.
The way it works it that it decorates a test method which has a first
default parameter called 'parser' and it overwrites this parameter value
with a XmlParser instance.
The xml file should be located under:
data/testedBusinessRequest/testMethodName.xml
"""
def __init__(self, testedBusinessRequest = ''):
self.testedBusinessRequest =\
testedBusinessRequest.lower()
def _getXmlParser(self, xml):
documentElement = XmlParser.parseXmlStream(xml)
parser = XmlParser.getParser(documentElement)
return parser
def __call__(self, method):
# TODO: error handling here
methodName = method.func_code.co_name
methodName = methodName.split('_')[1]
xmlFolder = self.testedBusinessRequest
xmlFile = '%s.xml' % methodName
path = os.path.join(PATH, 'data',
xmlFolder, xmlFile)
f = open(path)
xml = f.read()
f.close()
method.func_defaults = (self._getXmlParser(xml),)
return method
class MyAppTest(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
self.database = Database()
def tearDown(self):
pass
* test_Login.py - test a business request *
from MyAppTest import MyAppTest, setup
from MyApp import Login
class TestLogin(MyAppTest):
testedBusinessRequest = 'Login'
@setup(testedBusinessRequest)
def test_validParameters(self, parser = None):
response = Login(self.database, parser).run()
return True
Ok, so the decorator setup should fill the parser parameter with a
XmlParser object. This works well if I add a __main__ and use unittest
to run the tests. But if I use nose, I get the following error:
*TypeError: unbound method __call__() must be called with setup instance
as first argument (got module instance instead)*
Any advices?
Thanks!
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Re: Need advise about an application
"azrael" wrote: > I guess that this is not an option because of the case that the > calculation of the needed statistics takes not always the same time > nad I am afraid tht using sleep() would after a couple of time periods > skip a meassurement. If I understand correctly what you are attempting, I would use three threads: one to do the serial stuff - it is responsible for getting a slug of data in, checking for errors, doing protocol stuff like re tries, etc. One to store the slug in the database, making sure it is written. One to display the results. Glue them together with queues. If ever you need more performance, make the threads processes, and replace the queues by pipes. - Hendrik -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python2.4 and HTTPS
On Sun, Apr 5, 2009 at 8:17 AM, Good Z wrote:
> Dear all,
> I am using Python 2.4.3 for my project. We need to use HTTPS with
> python2.4.3 unfortunately it seems httplib is not working fine for me. Below
> is small code that works well with Python2.6.1 but not with Python2.4.3.
> Unfortunately its not possible for me to move away from Python 2.4.3. Would
> request if anyone has any idea how to make this programs work in
> Python2.4.3.
>
> import httplib
> conn1 = httplib.HTTPSConnection(WEBSITE_ADDRESS)
> conn1.putrequest('GET', RELATIVE_ADDR)
> conn1.putheader('Connection', 'close')
> conn1.endheaders()
>
> r1 = conn1.getresponse()
>
> data1 = r1.read()
> print data1
> conn1.close()
>
> One executing the above program, it crash while reading the response and
> gives following error:
> Traceback (most recent call last):
> File "", line 1, in
> r1 = conn1.getresponse()
> File "C:\Python25\lib\httplib.py", line 928, in getresponse
> response.begin()
> File "C:\Python25\lib\httplib.py", line 385, in begin
> version, status, reason = self._read_status()
> File "C:\Python25\lib\httplib.py", line 349, in _read_status
> raise BadStatusLine(line)
> BadStatusLine
>
> Any help would be appreciated.
>
> Best Regards,
> Mike.
>
>
> --
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
>
>
You may be running into http://bugs.python.org/issue5007 - if you could
post the url of the site you're trying to open, I can test to see if it
works in 2.5/2.6 (It won't if you're running into that bug).
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Re: Example for readline module usage?
Grant Edwards wrote: > [I swear I've asked this question before, but Google can't find > it.] My Google is better than yours then: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/2008-July/669582.html Peter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: logging - string formating problems
Werner F. Bruhin wrote: I see the following exception with a string formating problem. TypeError: not all arguments converted during string formatting Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.5/logging/__init__.py", line 744, in emit msg = self.format(record) File "/usr/lib/python2.5/logging/__init__.py", line 630, in format return fmt.format(record) File "/usr/lib/python2.5/logging/__init__.py", line 418, in format record.message = record.getMessage() File "/usr/lib/python2.5/logging/__init__.py", line 288, in getMessage msg = msg % self.args The exception does not give any information on where the problem is coming from. I am using Python 2.5.4 but I see that in 2.6 the code is still the same. Any chance that getMessage could catch this exception and provide better debugging information (i.e. content of msg and self.args). I understand that my problem is that the arguments don't match the format. But currently the traceback is not of any help in figuring out where this in my code this is. So, I suggest that line 288 in getMessage is changed from: msg = msg % self.args To something along these lines: if self.args: try: msg = msg % self.args except: print 'msg: %s' % msg print 'args: %s' % self.args traceback.print_exception(ei[0], ei[1], ei[2]) return msg Werner -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
set python default encoding
Hi All,
I am unable to set the python default encoding.
i used the following proccess to set the python encoding
import sys
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('latin-1')
but it is giving me the same error :
args = ('utf8', "MEDICINE '\xc4 ", 10, 12, 'invalid data',
>)
encoding = 'utf8'
end = 12
message = ''
object = "MEDICINE '\xc4 "
reason = 'invalid data'
start = 10
Please tell me how to solve this problem.
Thanks and Regards
Reetesh Nigam
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Re: How to go about. On read/write locks
On Apr 6, 7:49 am, "Diez B. Roggisch" wrote: > The CPython-specific answer is that the GIL takes care of that for you > right now anyway. So unless you plan for a distant future where some > kind of swallows fly around that don't have a GIL, you are safe to > simply read and write in threads without any locking whatsoever. Diez, thanks for your reply. I didn't know what the GIL is. I did some research finding an interesting article that did clarify many multi- threading related concepts and issues: http://jessenoller.com/2009/02/01/python-threads-and-the-global-interpreter-lock/ Python's approach with the GIL is both reasonable and disappointing. Reasonable because I understand how it can make things easier for its internals. Disappointing because it means that standard python cannot take advantage of the parallelism that can more and more often be afforded by today's computers. I.e. I found only recently, almost by chance, that my wife's laptop has not one but two processors, even though it isn't a particularly high-end computer. I now understand that OS-level threading does use them both, but I understand that the GIL effectively prevents parallel operations. (Am I understanding correctly?) I do not completely understand your statement in the context of my original example though, the shared dictionary. As the GIL is released every X bytecode operations surely it can happen that as the dictionary is iterated through, i.e. in a for/in loop, a different thread might change it, with potentially catastrophic consequences. The GIL wouldn't be able to prevent this, wouldn't it? Manu -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to go about. On read/write locks
> "Emanuele D'Arrigo" (ED) wrote: >ED> Hi everybody, >ED> I'm having a threading-related design issue and I suspect it has a >ED> name that I just don't know. Here's a description. >ED> Let's assume a resource (i.e. a dictionary) that needs to be accessed >ED> by multiple threads. A simple lock will do the job but in some >ED> circumstances it will create an unnecessary bottleneck. I.e. let's >ED> assume that most threads only need to have a -read- access to the >ED> resource, while only few threads actually change the dictionary. >ED> Ideally, the reading threads should not block each other. However, as >ED> soon as a threads intends to change the dictionary it should let all >ED> the reading threads finish, lock the access to the resource, change >ED> it, and then release the lock. >ED> I don't think it'd be difficult to implement but I'm wondering if >ED> something in this direction has been done already, if it has a name or >ED> if it's even well known design pattern. >ED> Anybody can shed some light? This is a classical synchronization problem with a classical solution: You treat the readers as a group, and the writers individually. So you have a write lock that each writer has to acquire and release, but it is acquired only by the first reader and released by the last one. Therefore you need a counter of the number of readers, and manipulations of this counter must be protected by another lock. # from threading import Lock mutex = Lock() writelock = Lock() numreaders = 0 # # Reader code: mutex.acquire() numreaders += 1 if numreaders == 1: writelock.acquire() mutex.release() ## critical section for reader mutex.acquire() numreaders -= 1 if numreaders == 0: writelock.release() mutex.release() # # Writer code: writelock.acquire() ## critical section for writer writer.release # Notes: 1. From Python 2.6 on you can use the with statement, which makes it more robust against exceptions: with mutex: numreaders += 1 if numreaders == 1: writelock.acquire() etc. In Python 2.5 you can also use this if you use: from __future__ import with_statement 2. The code above can cause starvation for writers if there are many readers (or if new readers come in before all other readers have finished. You need at least one more lock and probably a writer counter to solve this. 3. See also http://code.activestate.com/recipes/465156/ 4. The code has not been tested, not even for syntax errors. -- Piet van Oostrum URL: http://pietvanoostrum.com [PGP 8DAE142BE17999C4] Private email: p...@vanoostrum.org -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: logging - string formating problems
On Mon, 06 Apr 2009 11:11:37 +0200, Werner F. Bruhin wrote: > Werner F. Bruhin wrote: >> I see the following exception with a string formating problem. >> >> TypeError: not all arguments converted during string formatting >> Traceback (most recent call last): >> File "/usr/lib/python2.5/logging/__init__.py", line 744, in emit >>msg = self.format(record) >> File "/usr/lib/python2.5/logging/__init__.py", line 630, in format >>return fmt.format(record) >> File "/usr/lib/python2.5/logging/__init__.py", line 418, in format >>record.message = record.getMessage() >> File "/usr/lib/python2.5/logging/__init__.py", line 288, in getMessage >>msg = msg % self.args >> >> The exception does not give any information on where the problem is >> coming from. I'm pretty sure it does. Are you sure that you are including the *entire* traceback? Because judging from the four entries given, it looks like the error is originating from logging.__init__ itself, and not from your application itself. Weird huh? Oh wait... is this error occurring when you exit your application? Possibly this is the logging shutdown handler failing? I'm kind of whistling in the dark here. Perhaps this recipe can help you get more information from the tracebacks: http://code.activestate.com/recipes/52215/ Good luck, and let us know what the problem was. >> I am using Python 2.5.4 but I see that in 2.6 the code is still the >> same. >> >> Any chance that getMessage could catch this exception and provide >> better debugging information (i.e. content of msg and self.args). *shrug* You could always request a feature enhancement on the Python bug list. > I understand that my problem is that the arguments don't match the > format. But currently the traceback is not of any help in figuring out > where this in my code this is. > > So, I suggest that line 288 in getMessage is changed from: > > msg = msg % self.args > > To something along these lines: > if self.args: > try: > msg = msg % self.args > except: > print 'msg: %s' % msg > print 'args: %s' % self.args > traceback.print_exception(ei[0], ei[1], ei[2]) > return msg Patches will increase the likelihood of the enhancement being accepted, but I suspect this is too *specific* to be accepted. -- Steven -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to free /destroy object created by PyTuple_New
grbgooglefan writes: > Regarding PyTuple_New, when I pass this tuple with variable values > set to some evaluation function like PyObject_CallObject, do I need > to increment reference for this tuple & then decrement again after > the call returns? You don't. It is assumed that you already own the reference to the tuple, so you can freely pass it to functions. When you're done with the tuple (such as when you're about to leave the C scope that holds the reference to it), you're suppose to decref it. If the function you call stores it somewhere, that function is responsible for incrementing its reference count. The exception to the above are functions documented to "steal" the reference count of their arguments, such as PyList_SetItem, but those are generally quite rare and always clearly documented. Maybe you should post a question to the capi-sig list explaining what you're trying to do; perhaps there's a better way to do it. For example, maybe you don't need to create a tuple and then call PyObject_CallObject, but simply use PyObject_CallFunction, which will create the tuple for you. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Painful?: Using the ast module for metaprogramming
> -It would be nice if decorators were passed a function's AST instead > of a function object. As it is I have to use inspect.getsource to > retrieve the source for the function in question, and then use > ast.parse, which is a bit inefficient because the cpython parser has > to already have done this once before. It doesn't matter that much though because the Python parser is very efficient and the decorator is applied only once. The PyGPU project used this approach when I remember it correctly: http://www.cs.lth.se/home/Calle_Lejdfors/pygpu/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
group several methods under a attribute
Hi, I'm working on a pretty large class and I'd like to group several methods under a attribute. Its not convenient to chop up the class in several smaller classes, nor would mixins really solve the issue. So, what is a pythonic way of grouping several methods under a attribute? Many thanks in advance, -jelle -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: HTTP Authentication
Lakshman wrote:
> Whats is the python urllib2 equivallent of
>
> curl -u username:password status="abcd" http://example.com/update.json
>
> I did this:
>
> handle = urllib2.Request(url)
> authheader = "Basic %s" % base64.encodestring('%s:%s' % (username,
> password))
> handle.add_header("Authorization", authheader)
>
> Is there a better / simpler way?
Better? Yes.
Simpler? No.
Actually, the proper way using the urllib2 API is more code.
When I need it some time ago, I googled and used this recipe:
http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/articles/urllib2.shtml#id6
# create a password manager
password_mgr = urllib2.HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm()
# Add the username and password.
# If we knew the realm, we could use it instead of ``None``.
top_level_url = "http://example.com/foo/";
password_mgr.add_password(None, top_level_url, username, password)
handler = urllib2.HTTPBasicAuthHandler(password_mgr)
# create "opener" (OpenerDirector instance)
opener = urllib2.build_opener(handler)
# use the opener to fetch a URL
opener.open(a_url)
# Install the opener.
# Now all calls to urllib2.urlopen use our opener.
urllib2.install_opener(opener)
-- Gerhard
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HTTP Authentication
Whats is the python urllib2 equivallent of
curl -u username:password status="abcd" http://example.com/update.json
I did this:
handle = urllib2.Request(url)
authheader = "Basic %s" % base64.encodestring('%s:%s' % (username,
password))
handle.add_header("Authorization", authheader)
Is there a better / simpler way?
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C API String Parsing/Returning
Hi all,
This might be a newbie question. I am trying to implement a simple
string decoder/encoder algorithm. Just suppose I am substrcating some
values from the string passed as a parameter to the function and I
want the function to return encoded/decoded version of the string.
Here is the call:
ss= esauth.penc('s')
st = esauth.pdec(ss)
static PyObject *
pdec(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
unsigned char *s= NULL;
unsigned int v,len,i = 0;
if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s", &s))
return NULL;
if (!s)
return NULL;
len = strlen(s);
for(i=0;i 10)
s[i] = s[i] - 10;
}
return Py_BuildValue("s",s);
}
This is returning the original string. I mean the parameter is changed
but the Py_BuildValue is returning the original string passed in as
param.
have dealt with another nmore complex extension and because of the
same string handling problems, I just stop implementing it. Can
somebody please briefly explain the gotchas in Python's string
handling and returning values, cause I am having real trouble with
them.
Thanks,
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Re: logging - string formating problems
Werner F. Bruhin wrote:
> Werner F. Bruhin wrote:
>> I see the following exception with a string formating problem.
>>
>> TypeError: not all arguments converted during string formatting
>> Traceback (most recent call last):
>> File "/usr/lib/python2.5/logging/__init__.py", line 744, in emit
>>msg = self.format(record)
>> File "/usr/lib/python2.5/logging/__init__.py", line 630, in format
>>return fmt.format(record)
>> File "/usr/lib/python2.5/logging/__init__.py", line 418, in format
>>record.message = record.getMessage()
>> File "/usr/lib/python2.5/logging/__init__.py", line 288, in getMessage
>>msg = msg % self.args
>>
>> The exception does not give any information on where the problem is
>> coming from.
>>
>> I am using Python 2.5.4 but I see that in 2.6 the code is still the same.
>>
>> Any chance that getMessage could catch this exception and provide
>> better debugging information (i.e. content of msg and self.args).
> I understand that my problem is that the arguments don't match the
> format. But currently the traceback is not of any help in figuring out
> where this in my code this is.
>
> So, I suggest that line 288 in getMessage is changed from:
>
> msg = msg % self.args
>
> To something along these lines:
> if self.args:
> try:
> msg = msg % self.args
> except:
> print 'msg: %s' % msg
> print 'args: %s' % self.args
> traceback.print_exception(ei[0], ei[1], ei[2])
> return msg
I would be more interested in the origin of the problem in my code. For that
you need the complete traceback. You might be able to find it by
monkey-patching the Handler.handlError() method, e. g.:
import logging
def handleError(self, record):
raise
logging.Handler.handleError = handleError
logging.critical("", 42)
Of course you'd only do that while you are debugging the app.
Peter
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Re: C API String Parsing/Returning
Sorry, Here is the correct output:
>>> ss= esauth.penc('s')
>>> print ss
╣
>>> esauth.pdec(ss)
'\xb9'
>>> print ss
s --> Works fine!!!
>>> ss= esauth.penc('s')
>>> print ss
s
>>> ss = esauth.pdec(ss)
>>> print ss
╣ --> how did this happen if the param and return values are same? I
cannot understand this. Something has todo with ref counts but I don't
understand the problem.
>>>
On Apr 6, 3:13 pm, k3xji wrote:
> Hi all,
>
> This might be a newbie question. I am trying to implement a simple
> string decoder/encoder algorithm. Just suppose I am substrcating some
> values from the string passed as a parameter to the function and I
> want the function to return encoded/decoded version of the string.
>
> Here is the call:
> ss= esauth.penc('s')
> st = esauth.pdec(ss)
>
> static PyObject *
> pdec(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
> {
> unsigned char *s= NULL;
>
> unsigned int v,len,i = 0;
>
> if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s", &s))
> return NULL;
> if (!s)
> return NULL;
>
> len = strlen(s);
>
> for(i=0;i if (s[i] > 10)
> s[i] = s[i] - 10;
> }
>
> return Py_BuildValue("s",s);
>
> }
>
> This is returning the original string. I mean the parameter is changed
> but the Py_BuildValue is returning the original string passed in as
> param.
>
> have dealt with another nmore complex extension and because of the
> same string handling problems, I just stop implementing it. Can
> somebody please briefly explain the gotchas in Python's string
> handling and returning values, cause I am having real trouble with
> them.
>
> Thanks,
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Re: Killing threads
On Apr 6, 3:45 am, bieff...@gmail.com wrote: > On 6 Apr, 05:25, ericwoodwo...@gmail.com wrote: > > > > > On Apr 5, 11:07 pm, Dennis Lee Bieber wrote: > > > > On Sun, 5 Apr 2009 17:27:15 -0700 (PDT), imageguy > > > declaimed the following in > > > gmane.comp.python.general: > > > > > In threading.Event python 2.5 docs say; > > > > "This is one of the simplest mechanisms for communication between > > > > threads: one thread signals an event and other threads wait for it. " > > > > > Again, I have limited experience, however, in my reading of the > > > > threading manual and review examples, Events were specifically design > > > > to be a thread safe way to communicate a 'state' to running threads ? > > > > In the OP's example 'do stuff' was open to wide interpretation, > > > > however, if within the thread's main 'while' loop the tread checks to > > > > see if the 'keepgoing' Event.isSet(), in what scenario would this > > > > create deadlock ? > > > > If you are going to perform a CPU intensive polling loop, there is > > > no sense in using the Event system in the first place... Just create a > > > globally accessible flag and set it to true when you want to signal the > > > threads (or false if you don't want to use the negation "while not > > > flagged: do next processing step") > > > > Event is optimized for the case wherein threads can WAIT (block) > > > on > > > the Event object. > > > -- > > > Wulfraed Dennis Lee Bieber KD6MOG > > > wlfr...@ix.netcom.com wulfr...@bestiaria.com > > > HTTP://wlfraed.home.netcom.com/ > > > (Bestiaria Support Staff: web-a...@bestiaria.com) > > > HTTP://www.bestiaria.com/ > > > Well it turns out my problem was with queues not with threads. I had > > a self.die prop in my thread object that defaults to FALSE and that I > > set to true when i wanted the thread to die. then my loop would be > > while not die: It seemed pretty simple so I didn't know why it was > > failing. What I didn't know, because I'm quite new to python, is that > > queue.get was blocking. So my producer thread why dying immediately > > but my worker threads were all blocking on their queue.gets. So they > > were never falling off the loop. I changed it to queue.get_nowait() > > and added a queue.empty exception and everything worked as expected. > > > So I thought I knew what was going on and that I was having a really > > esoteric problem when i was actually having a pretty boring problem I > > didn't recognize. > > > Thanks everybody for the help!> > > I've gone through that also, when I started with python threads :-) > Be aware that using get_nowait may lead to your thread using too much > CPU in checking a queue often empty. I tend to use Queue.get with a > timeout, smaller enough to keep the thread responsive but large enough > not > to waste CPU in too-frequent checks. > > Ciao > - > FB Ok thanks - good to now. I'm trying to throttle it with a 1/2 sec sleep statement in the loop but I might just have the "main" loop toss some stuff on that queue as another solution. I'm still kicking it around -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: group several methods under a attribute
jelle wrote: > Hi, > > I'm working on a pretty large class Can you describe what its purpose is? > and I'd like to group several methods under a attribute. That doesn't work in Python without bending the Python. > Its not convenient to chop up the class in several smaller classes, But that's almost certainly the right thing to do. > nor would mixins really solve the issue. > So, what is a pythonic way of grouping several methods under a > attribute? Whatever it is, you should find a better way instead of cramming everything into a single class. That smells of the God Object antipattern (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/God_object). -- Gerhard -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: C API String Parsing/Returning
k3xji wrote:
> Hi all,
>
> This might be a newbie question. I am trying to implement a simple
> string decoder/encoder algorithm. Just suppose I am substrcating some
> values from the string passed as a parameter to the function and I
> want the function to return encoded/decoded version of the string.
>
> Here is the call:
> ss= esauth.penc('s')
> st = esauth.pdec(ss)
>
> static PyObject *
> pdec(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
> {
> unsigned char *s= NULL;
>
> unsigned int v,len,i = 0;
>
> if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s", &s))
> return NULL;
> if (!s)
> return NULL;
These two lines are superfluous. s now points to the contents of the
Python string (which must not contain any 0 characters, else a TypeError
is raised instead). Python strings are immutable, so you should *not
modify this C string*.
> len = strlen(s);
>
> for(i=0;i if (s[i] > 10)
> s[i] = s[i] - 10;
> }
>
> return Py_BuildValue("s",s);
> }
>
>
> This is returning the original string. I mean the parameter is changed
> but the Py_BuildValue is returning the original string passed in as
> param. [...]
Yes, that's because you're returning a Python string from the string
passed in ;-)
You should do something else instead:
char* buf = strdup(s);
if (!buf) {
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_MemoryError, "Out of memory: strdup failed");
return NULL;
}
/* TODO: your string manipulation */
return PyString_FromString(buf); /* return Py_BuildValue("s", buf); */
If you want to cope with Python strings that may contain 0 bytes, parse
them with "s#" instead. This should normally be better because you avoid
the strlen() this way.
HTH
-- Gerhard
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Re: logging - string formating problems
I am fully aware that the problem is in my code, however as getMessage in logging.__init__.py does not catch the exception it is pretty difficult to find the problem without manually inspecting any logging.something statements. My hack of logging.py is really a hack and I know that this can not be used a patch but I hope that someone with more know how then me knows how to improve the situation. BTW, using the below hack was enough for me to mind the bad code in my stuff, but it shouldn't have been this difficult. Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Python25\lib\logging\__init__.py", line 750, in emit msg = self.format(record) File "C:\Python25\lib\logging\__init__.py", line 636, in format return fmt.format(record) File "C:\Python25\lib\logging\__init__.py", line 424, in format record.message = record.getMessage() File "C:\Python25\lib\logging\__init__.py", line 288, in getMessage msg = msg % self.args TypeError: not all arguments converted during string formatting Then I hack logging.py and change line 288 in getMessage from: msg = msg % self.args to: try: msg = msg % self.args except: print 'msg: %s' % msg print 'args: %s' % self.args print traceback.format_exc() I get the following which helps a lot more in finding were in my code I have the problem: msg: ping_min: 1 args: replace Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Python25\lib\logging\__init__.py", line 290, in getMessage msg = msg % self.args TypeError: not all arguments converted during string formatting As mentioned above, I know the above code is not good enough at all, but I hope that maybe Vinay Sajip or someone else with more know how then I have can come up with a patch which will make this type of situation easier. Werner -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: [Python-Dev] PEP 382: Namespace Packages
Martin v. Löwis wrote: Chris Withers wrote: Martin v. Löwis wrote: I propose the following PEP for inclusion to Python 3.1. Please comment. Would this support the following case: I have a package called mortar, which defines useful stuff: from mortar import content, ... I now want to distribute large optional chunks separately, but ideally so that the following will will work: from mortar.rbd import ... from mortar.zodb import ... from mortar.wsgi import ... Does the PEP support this? That's the primary purpose of the PEP. Are you sure? Does the pep really allow for: from mortar import content from mortar.rdb import something ...where 'content' is a function defined in mortar/__init__.py and 'something' is a function defined in mortar/rdb/__init__.py *and* the following are separate distributions on PyPI: - mortar - mortar.rdb ...where 'mortar' does not contain 'mortar.rdb'. > You can do this today already (see the zope package, No, they have nothing but a (functionally) empty __init__.py in the zope package. cheers, Chris -- Simplistix - Content Management, Zope & Python Consulting - http://www.simplistix.co.uk -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: [Python-Dev] PEP 382: Namespace Packages
On Thu, Apr 2, 2009 at 4:33 PM, M.-A. Lemburg wrote: > On 2009-04-02 17:32, Martin v. Löwis wrote: >> I propose the following PEP for inclusion to Python 3.1. > > Thanks for picking this up. > > I'd like to extend the proposal to Python 2.7 and later. > -1 to adding it to the 2.x series. There was much discussion around adding features to 2.x *and* 3.0, and the consensus seemed to *not* add new features to 2.x and use those new features as carrots to help lead people into 3.0. jesse -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to go about. On read/write locks
On Apr 6, 12:44 pm, Piet van Oostrum wrote: > 3. See also http://code.activestate.com/recipes/465156/ Thank you for the useful suggestions Piet. In particular I just had a look at the SharedLock class provided through the link above and it seems to fit the bill quite nicely. I'll give it a go! Thank you again! Manu -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: [Python-Dev] PEP 382: Namespace Packages
-BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE- Hash: SHA1 On Apr 6, 2009, at 9:21 AM, Jesse Noller wrote: On Thu, Apr 2, 2009 at 4:33 PM, M.-A. Lemburg wrote: On 2009-04-02 17:32, Martin v. Löwis wrote: I propose the following PEP for inclusion to Python 3.1. Thanks for picking this up. I'd like to extend the proposal to Python 2.7 and later. -1 to adding it to the 2.x series. There was much discussion around adding features to 2.x *and* 3.0, and the consensus seemed to *not* add new features to 2.x and use those new features as carrots to help lead people into 3.0. Actually, isn't the policy just that nothing can go into 2.7 that isn't backported from 3.1? Whether the actual backport happens or not is up to the developer though. OTOH, we talked about a lot of things and my recollection is probably fuzzy. Barry -BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE- Version: GnuPG v1.4.9 (Darwin) iQCVAwUBSdoDAXEjvBPtnXfVAQIrPgQAse7BXQfPYHJJ/g3HNEtc0UmZZ9MCNtGc sIoZ2EHRVz+pylZT9fmSmorJdIdFvAj7E43tKsV2bQpo/am9XlL10SMn3k0KLxnF vNCi39nB1B7Uktbnrlpnfo4u93suuEqYexEwrkDhJuTMeye0Cxg0os5aysryuPza mKr5jsqkV5c= =Y9iP -END PGP SIGNATURE- -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: logging - string formating problems
Werner F. Bruhin wrote: I am fully aware that the problem is in my code, however as getMessage in logging.__init__.py does not catch the exception it is pretty difficult to find the problem without manually inspecting any logging.something statements. My hack of logging.py is really a hack and I know that this can not be used a patch but I hope that someone with more know how then me knows how to improve the situation. BTW, using the below hack was enough for me to mind the bad code in my stuff, but it shouldn't have been this difficult. Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Python25\lib\logging\__init__.py", line 750, in emit msg = self.format(record) File "C:\Python25\lib\logging\__init__.py", line 636, in format return fmt.format(record) File "C:\Python25\lib\logging\__init__.py", line 424, in format record.message = record.getMessage() File "C:\Python25\lib\logging\__init__.py", line 288, in getMessage msg = msg % self.args TypeError: not all arguments converted during string formatting Then I hack logging.py and change line 288 in getMessage from: msg = msg % self.args to: try: msg = msg % self.args except: print 'msg: %s' % msg print 'args: %s' % self.args print traceback.format_exc() I get the following which helps a lot more in finding were in my code I have the problem: msg: ping_min: 1 args: replace Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Python25\lib\logging\__init__.py", line 290, in getMessage msg = msg % self.args TypeError: not all arguments converted during string formatting As mentioned above, I know the above code is not good enough at all, but I hope that maybe Vinay Sajip or someone else with more know how then I have can come up with a patch which will make this type of situation easier. It looks like what you need is for the module to record the exception in the log you're generating as a "logging error" or some such. BTW, you should catch only TypeError and not use an empty "except": try: msg = msg % self.args except TypeError: msg = 'Logging error: msg is %s, args is %s' % (repr(msg), repr(self.args)) msg += traceback.format_exc() (needs tidying up, of course!) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Newbie: Development plaform
Hi, I am looking for an old school friend of mine, Demos Economacos. Are you perhaps the Demos who completed schooling 1979 at Kroonstad SA. Groete/Greetings Hermann Wehrmeyer Tel: 012 342 3710 Fax: 012 342 3775 -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: C API String Parsing/Returning
Gerhard Häring wrote:
> char* buf = strdup(s);
> if (!buf) {
> PyErr_SetString(PyExc_MemoryError, "Out of memory: strdup failed");
> return NULL;
> }
>
> /* TODO: your string manipulation */
Don't forget to free(buf). ;)
Christian
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speed of string chunks file parsing
Hi, all
I have a simple script.
Can you improve algorithm of following 10 line script, with a view point
of speed ?
Following script do exactly what I want but I want to improve the speed.
This parse a file and accumulate lines till a line match a given regular
expression.
Then, when a line match a given regular expression, this function yield
lines before the matched lines.
import re
resultlist = []
cp_regularexpression = re.compile('^a complex regular expression here$)
for line in file(inputfile):
if cp_regularexpression.match(line):
if resultlist != []:
yield resultlist
resultlist = []
resultlist.append(line)
yield resultlist
Thank you in advance,
Hyunchul
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Re: speed of string chunks file parsing
Hyunchul Kim wrote:
Hi, all
I have a simple script.
Can you improve algorithm of following 10 line script, with a view point
of speed ?
Following script do exactly what I want but I want to improve the speed.
This parse a file and accumulate lines till a line match a given regular
expression.
Then, when a line match a given regular expression, this function yield
lines before the matched lines.
import re
resultlist = []
cp_regularexpression = re.compile('^a complex regular expression here$)
for line in file(inputfile):
if cp_regularexpression.match(line):
if resultlist != []:
yield resultlist
resultlist = []
resultlist.append(line)
yield resultlist
Thank you in advance,
It looks OK to me.
Of course, it could be the regular expression that's the slowest part.
Have you tried timing it?
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Re: decorators don't play nice with nose?
hyperboreean writes:
> From: hyperboreean
> Subject: decorators don't play nice with nose?
> Newsgroups: comp.lang.python
> To: python-list@python.org
> Date: Mon, 06 Apr 2009 11:01:04 +0300
>
> Hi, I am trying to test the business part of a web service. For this I
> am using unittest & nose.
> I wrote a decorator that should handle the xml test file retrieval,
> but it seems I can't get it working with nose.
> Here's the code:
>
>
> * MyApp.py -- base test class *
>
> import os
> import unittest
>
> from MyApp.Core import XmlParser
>
>
> __all__ = ['MyAppTest', 'setup']
>
>
> PATH = os.path.dirname(__file__) or ''
>
>
> class setup(object):
>"""Decorator to ease the use of xml files in MyApp tests.
>
>The way it works it that it decorates a test method which has a first
>default parameter called 'parser' and it overwrites this parameter value
>with a XmlParser instance.
>
>The xml file should be located under:
>data/testedBusinessRequest/testMethodName.xml
>"""
>def __init__(self, testedBusinessRequest = ''):
>self.testedBusinessRequest =\
>testedBusinessRequest.lower()
>
>
>def _getXmlParser(self, xml):
>documentElement = XmlParser.parseXmlStream(xml)
>parser = XmlParser.getParser(documentElement)
>return parser
>
>
>def __call__(self, method):
>
># TODO: error handling here
>methodName = method.func_code.co_name
>methodName = methodName.split('_')[1]
>
>xmlFolder = self.testedBusinessRequest
>xmlFile = '%s.xml' % methodName
>
>path = os.path.join(PATH, 'data',
>xmlFolder, xmlFile)
>
>f = open(path)
>xml = f.read()
>f.close()
>method.func_defaults = (self._getXmlParser(xml),)
>return method
>
>
> class MyAppTest(unittest.TestCase):
>
>def setUp(self):
>self.database = Database()
>
>def tearDown(self):
>pass
>
>
> * test_Login.py - test a business request *
> from MyAppTest import MyAppTest, setup
>
> from MyApp import Login
>
>
> class TestLogin(MyAppTest):
>testedBusinessRequest = 'Login'
>
>@setup(testedBusinessRequest)
>def test_validParameters(self, parser = None):
FWIW, nose and unittest both provide methods for setting up and
tearing down tests. You should probably look at those first before
rolling your own. At the very least it will give you an idea of how
yours should work.
Cheers
--
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Re: Killing threads
In article , wrote: > >I know that killing threads is hard in any language (I'm facing now >the issue in a C++ program I'm writing at work), expecially doing in a >platform-independent way, but Java managed to do it. That's not my understanding: http://www.roseindia.net/javatutorials/shutting_down_threads_cleanly.shtml -- Aahz (a...@pythoncraft.com) <*> http://www.pythoncraft.com/ "...string iteration isn't about treating strings as sequences of strings, it's about treating strings as sequences of characters. The fact that characters are also strings is the reason we have problems, but characters are strings for other good reasons." --Aahz -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Killing threads
In article <685a59cd-9f02-483f-bc59-b55091a18...@u9g2000pre.googlegroups.com>, imageguy wrote: >Aahz: >> >>For more info, see the slides from my thread tutorial: >>http://pythoncraft.com/OSCON2001/ > >Aahz, thanks for this reference and link to your presentation. At the >risk of highjacking the OP's question, I am bit confused as to how >using an Event would cause a deadlock. You presentation outlines >Events, but doesn't elaborate on the specifics or usage. >In threading.Event python 2.5 docs say; >"This is one of the simplest mechanisms for communication between >threads: one thread signals an event and other threads wait for it. " > >Again, I have limited experience, however, in my reading of the >threading manual and review examples, Events were specifically design >to be a thread safe way to communicate a 'state' to running threads ? >In the OP's example 'do stuff' was open to wide interpretation, >however, if within the thread's main 'while' loop the tread checks to >see if the 'keepgoing' Event.isSet(), in what scenario would this >create deadlock ? Consider two threads trying to pass information to each other. You need two Event objects; unless you are very careful, they can both block on waiting for each other. It's easier if Queue is the only construct you use, it can do everything that the lower-level constructs can do, without needing to figure out the little gotchas -- and you'll need a Queue eventually, so just learn that one. It's all about simplifying. -- Aahz (a...@pythoncraft.com) <*> http://www.pythoncraft.com/ "...string iteration isn't about treating strings as sequences of strings, it's about treating strings as sequences of characters. The fact that characters are also strings is the reason we have problems, but characters are strings for other good reasons." --Aahz -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Q: "Best" book for teaching
I am considering teaching an "introduction to programming" course for continuing education adults at a local community college. These would people with no programming experience, but I will require a reasonable facility with computers. What would be a good book to use as the text for the course? Thanks. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Example for readline module usage?
On 2009-04-06, Peter Otten <__pete...@web.de> wrote: > Grant Edwards wrote: > >> [I swear I've asked this question before, but Google can't find >> it.] > > My Google is better than yours then: > > http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/2008-July/669582.html It certainly is. All I could come up with were tons of hits on the file-object's readline. What I don't understand is how/where the readline module is told what file descriptor it's supposed to be reading from. Is that just implicit in the "import" operation? -- Grant Edwards grante Yow! I'm having BEAUTIFUL at THOUGHTS about the INSIPID visi.comWIVES of smug and wealthy CORPORATE LAWYERS ... -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Q: "Best" book for teaching
On Apr 6, 7:37 am, grkunt...@gmail.com wrote: > I am considering teaching an "introduction to programming" course for > continuing education adults at a local community college. These would > people with no programming experience, but I will require a reasonable > facility with computers. > > What would be a good book to use as the text for the course? > > Thanks. QuickPython is pretty good, but might be somewhat above the level you're looking for. Depends on the class. You might want to use it to guide a selection of topics. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
object knows which object called it?
hi, I have the following problem: I have two objects, say, A and B, which are both legitimate stand-alone objects with lives of their own. A contains B as a property, so I often do A.B.foo() the problem is that some functions inside of B actually need A (remember I said they were both standalone objects), so I have to often do: A.B.foo_func(A) Which is kind of awkward. Is there some way that B.foo_func() could somehow know that it was called as a property of A in this way? Note that I'm looking for the calling object and NOT the calling function. Thanks in advance. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: [Python-Dev] PEP 382: Namespace Packages
> -BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE- > Hash: SHA1 > > On Apr 6, 2009, at 9:21 AM, Jesse Noller wrote: > >> On Thu, Apr 2, 2009 at 4:33 PM, M.-A. Lemburg wrote: >>> On 2009-04-02 17:32, Martin v. Löwis wrote: I propose the following PEP for inclusion to Python 3.1. >>> >>> Thanks for picking this up. >>> >>> I'd like to extend the proposal to Python 2.7 and later. >>> >> >> -1 to adding it to the 2.x series. There was much discussion around >> adding features to 2.x *and* 3.0, and the consensus seemed to *not* >> add new features to 2.x and use those new features as carrots to help >> lead people into 3.0. > > Actually, isn't the policy just that nothing can go into 2.7 that > isn't backported from 3.1? Whether the actual backport happens or not > is up to the developer though. OTOH, we talked about a lot of things > and my recollection is probably fuzzy. I believe Barry is correct. The official policy is "no features in 2.7 that aren't also in 3.1". I personally think I'm not going to put anything else in 2.7, specifically the ',' formatter stuff from PEP 378. 3.1 has diverged too far from 2.7 in this regard to make the backport easy to do. But this decision is left up to the individual committer. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: group several methods under a attribute
> Whatever it is, you should find a better way instead of cramming > everything into a single class. That smells of the God Object > antipattern (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/God_object). Thanks Gerard, I'll take your advice. -jelle -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: [Python-Dev] PEP 382: Namespace Packages
At 02:00 PM 4/6/2009 +0100, Chris Withers wrote: Martin v. Löwis wrote: Chris Withers wrote: Would this support the following case: I have a package called mortar, which defines useful stuff: from mortar import content, ... I now want to distribute large optional chunks separately, but ideally so that the following will will work: from mortar.rbd import ... from mortar.zodb import ... from mortar.wsgi import ... Does the PEP support this? That's the primary purpose of the PEP. Are you sure? Does the pep really allow for: from mortar import content from mortar.rdb import something ...where 'content' is a function defined in mortar/__init__.py and 'something' is a function defined in mortar/rdb/__init__.py *and* the following are separate distributions on PyPI: - mortar - mortar.rdb ...where 'mortar' does not contain 'mortar.rdb'. See the third paragraph of http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0382/#discussion -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: speed of string chunks file parsing
Hyunchul Kim:
> Following script do exactly what I want but I want to improve the speed.
This may be a bit faster, especially if sequences are long (code
untested):
import re
from collections import deque
def scanner1(deque=deque):
result_seq = deque()
cp_regular_expression = re.compile("^a complex regular expression
here$")
for line in file(inputfile):
if cp_regular_expression.match(line) and result_seq:
yield result_list
result_seq = deque()
result_seq.append(line)
yield result_seq
If the sequences are processed on the fly then you don't need to
create new ones and you can clear old ones, this may be a bit faster:
def scanner2(deque=deque):
result_seq = deque()
cp_regular_expression = re.compile("^a complex regular expression
here$")
for line in file(inputfile):
if cp_regular_expression.match(line) and result_seq:
yield result_list
result_seq.clear()
result_seq.append(line)
yield result_seq
Note that most of the time may be used by the regular expression,
often there are ways to speed it up using string methods, even as a
first faster approximate match too.
Bye,
bearophile
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Re: speed of string chunks file parsing
bearophile:
> cp_regular_expression = re.compile("^a complex regular expression
> here$")
> for line in file(inputfile):
> if cp_regular_expression.match(line) and result_seq:
Sorry, you can replace that with:
cp_regular_expression = re.compile("^a complex regular expression
here$").match
for line in file(inputfile):
if cp_regular_expression(line) and result_seq:
That is a bit faster.
Bye
--
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Re: [Python-Dev] PEP 382: Namespace Packages
P.J. Eby wrote: See the third paragraph of http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0382/#discussion Indeed, I guess the PEP could be made more explanatory then 'cos, as a packager, I don't see what I'd put in the various setup.py and __init__.py to make this work... That said, I'm delighted to hear it's going to be possible and wholeheartedly support the PEP and it's backporting to 2.7 as a result... cheers, Chris -- Simplistix - Content Management, Zope & Python Consulting - http://www.simplistix.co.uk -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: [Python-Dev] PEP 382: Namespace Packages
On Mon, Apr 6, 2009 at 9:26 AM, Barry Warsaw wrote: > -BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE- > Hash: SHA1 > > On Apr 6, 2009, at 9:21 AM, Jesse Noller wrote: > >> On Thu, Apr 2, 2009 at 4:33 PM, M.-A. Lemburg wrote: >>> >>> On 2009-04-02 17:32, Martin v. Löwis wrote: I propose the following PEP for inclusion to Python 3.1. >>> >>> Thanks for picking this up. >>> >>> I'd like to extend the proposal to Python 2.7 and later. >>> >> >> -1 to adding it to the 2.x series. There was much discussion around >> adding features to 2.x *and* 3.0, and the consensus seemed to *not* >> add new features to 2.x and use those new features as carrots to help >> lead people into 3.0. > > Actually, isn't the policy just that nothing can go into 2.7 that isn't > backported from 3.1? Whether the actual backport happens or not is up to > the developer though. OTOH, we talked about a lot of things and my > recollection is probably fuzzy. > > Barry That *is* the official policy, but there was discussions around no further backporting of features from 3.1 into 2.x, therefore providing more of an upgrade incentive -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: speed of string chunks file parsing
[disclaimer - this is just guessing from general knowledge of regular
expressions; i don't know any details of python's regexp engine]
if your regular expression is the bottleneck rewrite it to avoid lazy
matching, references, groups, lookbacks, and perhaps even counted repeats.
with a little thought you can do almost everything using just choices
'(a|b)' and repeat 'a*'. even if the expression is longer, it will
probably be faster.
character ranges - either explicit '[a-z]' or predefined '\w' (even '.') -
should be fine, but try to avoid having multiple occurrences of ".*".
see the timeit package for testing the speed of small chunks of code.
andrew
Hyunchul Kim wrote:
> Hi, all
>
> I have a simple script.
> Can you improve algorithm of following 10 line script, with a view point
> of speed ?
> Following script do exactly what I want but I want to improve the speed.
>
> This parse a file and accumulate lines till a line match a given regular
> expression.
> Then, when a line match a given regular expression, this function yield
> lines before the matched lines.
>
>
> import re
> resultlist = []
> cp_regularexpression = re.compile('^a complex regular expression here$)
> for line in file(inputfile):
> if cp_regularexpression.match(line):
> if resultlist != []:
> yield resultlist
> resultlist = []
> resultlist.append(line)
> yield resultlist
>
>
> Thank you in advance,
>
> Hyunchul
>
>
> --
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
>
>
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Example for readline module usage?
Grant Edwards wrote: > On 2009-04-06, Peter Otten <__pete...@web.de> wrote: >> Grant Edwards wrote: >> >>> [I swear I've asked this question before, but Google can't find >>> it.] >> >> My Google is better than yours then: >> >> http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/2008-July/669582.html > > It certainly is. All I could come up with were tons of hits on > the file-object's readline. What I don't understand is > how/where the readline module is told what file descriptor it's > supposed to be reading from. Is that just implicit in the > "import" operation? What I've gleaned from the source: On import it sets the PyOS_ReadlineFunctionPointer in Parser/myreadline.c. If both stdin and stdout are a tty (GNU) readline is invoked via this pointer. Peter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
object knows which object called it?
Reckoner wrote:
> hi,
>
> I have the following problem: I have two objects, say, A and B, which
> are both legitimate stand-alone objects with lives of their own.
>
> A contains B as a property, so I often do
>
> A.B.foo()
>
> the problem is that some functions inside of B actually need A
> (remember I said they were both standalone objects), so I have to
> often do:
>
> A.B.foo_func(A)
>
> Which is kind of awkward.
>
> Is there some way that B.foo_func() could somehow know that it was
> called as a property of A in this way?
>
> Note that I'm looking for the calling object and NOT the calling
> function.
You could probably do this by creating a custom __getattr__ method (or
maybe even just a property) on A that would recognize B as an object and
return it wrapped in a class that would pick up the __getattr__ call on B
and translate it into a real call on B passing A as the first argument.
But that kind of magic is not considered good Python practice ("explicit
is better than implicit"). And it would be quite inefficient :)
I think the OO way to do this is to provide a method on A that does the
right thing:
def Bfoo_func(self):
self.B.foo_func(self)
Or maybe you could look at generic methods, which provide a way
to do multiple dispatch.
--
R. David Murray http://www.bitdance.com
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: group several methods under a attribute
On Apr 6, 5:40 am, jelle wrote: > Hi, > > I'm working on a pretty large class and I'd like to group several > methods under a attribute. > Its not convenient to chop up the class in several smaller classes, > nor would mixins really solve the issue. > So, what is a pythonic way of grouping several methods under a > attribute? > > Many thanks in advance, > > -jelle Hi jelle, I disagree with Gerhard that you 'should find a better way' and another way 'almost certainly the right thing', unless his reason is merely that it's an advanced technique that will get you into problems down the road. There's nothing 'un-object-oriented' about it. The link to the God pattern alleges that it fails to 'divide and conquer', but you are dividing. I think Python opens some beautiful doors in this regard. Here is some code which I understand accomplishes what you sought. class ClsA( object ): def __init__( self ): self.inst= None def __get__( self, instance, owner ): self.inst= instance return self def submethA( self, arg ): print( 'submethA %r, instance %r'% ( arg, self.inst ) ) class ClsB( object ): A= ClsA( ) def methA( self, arg ): print( 'methA %r'% arg ) b= ClsB( ) b.methA( 'this' ) b.A.submethA( 'that' ) #Output: ''' methA 'this' submethA 'that', instance <__main__.ClsB object...> ''' In Python 3, you don't need 'ClsA' and 'ClsB' to inherit from 'object' explicitly. If you call 'b.A' from a class, 'ClsB.A', you will get a 'ClsA' object with a None 'inst' attribute, which is a big hole waiting for you to step in. Perhaps you want a wrapper for your methods of 'ClsA' to check that 'inst' is set, or merely throw an exception in '__get__' if 'instance' is 'None'. Python after all requires that a method's first argument be an instance of an improper subclass of the class it was defined for. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: object knows which object called it?
On Apr 6, 9:53 am, Reckoner wrote: > hi, > > I have the following problem: I have two objects, say, A and B, which > are both legitimate stand-alone objects with lives of their own. > > A contains B as a property, so I often do > > A.B.foo() > > the problem is that some functions inside of B actually need A > (remember I said they were both standalone objects), so I have to > often do: > > A.B.foo_func(A) > > Which is kind of awkward. > > Is there some way that B.foo_func() could somehow know that it was > called as a property of A in this way? > > Note that I'm looking for the calling object and NOT the calling > function. > > Thanks in advance. Hi Reckoner, I believe this does what you want. It's an advanced technique and not available in all OO languages. class ClsA( object ): def __init__( self ): self.inst= None def __get__( self, instance, owner ): self.inst= instance return self def submethA( self, arg ): print( 'submethA %r, instance %r'% ( arg, self.inst ) ) class ClsB( object ): A= ClsA( ) def methA( self, arg ): print( 'methA %r'% arg ) b= ClsB( ) b.methA( 'this' ) b.A.submethA( 'that' ) #Output: ''' methA 'this' submethA 'that', instance <__main__.ClsB object...> ''' There's a small discussion in another today's thread, 'group several methods under an attribute'. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: object knows which object called it?
Reckoner wrote: > hi, > > I have the following problem: I have two objects, say, A and B, which > are both legitimate stand-alone objects with lives of their own. > > A contains B as a property, so I often do > > A.B.foo() > > the problem is that some functions inside of B actually need A > (remember I said they were both standalone objects), so I have to > often do: > > A.B.foo_func(A) > > Which is kind of awkward. > > Is there some way that B.foo_func() could somehow know that it was > called as a property of A in this way? > > Note that I'm looking for the calling object and NOT the calling > function. > You can do something like this if you really want (Zope does), but it is complex and confusing (Zope 3 has dropped implicit acquisition as being a bad idea). Have a look at http://www.zope.org/Documentation/Books/ZDG/current/Acquisition.stx which has the following example: import ExtensionClass, Acquisition class C(ExtensionClass.Base): color='red' class A(Acquisition.Implicit): def report(self): print self.color a=A() c=C() c.a=A() c.a.report() # prints 'red' d=C() d.color='green' d.a=a d.a.report() # prints 'green' a.report() # raises an attribute error and what you actually asked for: in the example above 'c.a.aq_parent is c' If you want to confuse yourself you can install Zope's ExtensionClass and Acquisition modules from PyPi: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/Acquisition/2.12.0a1 -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
set python default encoding
reetesh nigam wrote:
> Hi All,
> I am unable to set the python default encoding.
> i used the following proccess to set the python encoding
>
> import sys
> reload(sys)
> sys.setdefaultencoding('latin-1')
>
> but it is giving me the same error :
>
> args = ('utf8', "MEDICINE '\xc4 ", 10, 12, 'invalid data',
> 0x036FFE90>>)
> encoding = 'utf8'
> end = 12
> message = ''
> object = "MEDICINE '\xc4 "
> reason = 'invalid data'
> start = 10
>
>
> Please tell me how to solve this problem.
That doesn't look anything like a python traceback. I'm guessing
you are using some sort of web framework? Perhaps you should
try asking in the forum for the framework.
--
R. David Murray http://www.bitdance.com
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Injecting python function in an embedded python engine
Hi All in the list, I've embedded python v2.6.x engine into my application without any problem. Now I would like to inject some additional functions after importing a python module. So, basically I'm importing a python module via PyImport_ImportModule() function. The python module is a simple set of functions and I would check if some functions does exist or not, than if doesn't I would add it from my C application. Checking if a function does exist or not isn't an issue, it works without any problem, my problem is only how to inject a new function in an already imported module. Thanks in advance, Roberto Fichera. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Randomized Incremental Decision Tree
Hello, How to model this problem as a python code: Starting with a general condition A, we enter a statement 'p' , if p satisfy A which is always the case, then split A to three sub-conditions A1,A2,A3. And we enter again a statement p1: if p1 satisfy A: if p1 satisfy A1: split A1 to A1_1,A1_2,A1_3 if p1 satisfy A2: split A2 to A2_1,A2_2,A2_3 if p1 satisfy A3: split A3 to A3_1,A3_2,A3_3 we enter a third statement p2 and test from A-->A_i-->Ai_j and split the corresponding satisfied condition and so one Since we add incrementally the statement, the condition will be generated according to the truth of the statement. Regards -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Executing a C program from Python
Hi,
I am very new to python. I have my cgi script written in Python. My CGI script
should call a C program and collect the value returned by this program and pass
it to the browser.
Can anyone help me out in this. How can I execute the c program and collect the
return value.
I tried,
import os
a=os.system("my-app")//my-app is the C program executable
print a
But the variable a prints 0 everytime. It should return a non-zero value as per
my C program. Is there any method to do what I need.
Regards,
vish
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: group several methods under a attribute
On Apr 6, 12:02 pm, Aaron Brady wrote: > On Apr 6, 5:40 am, jelle wrote: > > > Hi, > > > I'm working on a pretty large class and I'd like to group several > > methods under a attribute. > > Its not convenient to chop up the class in several smaller classes, > > nor would mixins really solve the issue. > > So, what is a pythonic way of grouping several methods under a > > attribute? > > > Many thanks in advance, > > > -jelle > > Hi jelle, > > I disagree with Gerhard that you 'should find a better way' and > another way 'almost certainly the right thing', unless his reason is > merely that it's an advanced technique that will get you into problems > down the road. snip > class ClsA( object ): > def __init__( self ): > self.inst= None > def __get__( self, instance, owner ): > self.inst= instance > return self snip There's a potential conflict in the above, which may have contributed to Gerhard's advice. If you have: bA= ClsB( ) bB= ClsB( ) bA.A.submethA( 'what' ) then the ClsA instance will think it's being accessed from 'bA' until it's accessed again! This may cause problems such as if you store a reference to it, because bB could access it, and it won't think it's being accessed from bA anymore. To get around this, you probably want '__get__' to create a new object that is specifically dedicated to the instance of ClsB that's calling it. bA.A and bB.A return new objects, separate from each other. However, then two calls to bA.A won't return the same object; they'll return new every time. Another detail is that ClsA can't store instance information. It should be stored in ClsB instances, and the methods merely go somewhere else. Otherwise, the right place for 'A= ClsA( )' is in the constructor: class clsB: def __init__( self ): self.A= ClsA( ) Then, every ClsB instance has its own instance of ClsA, and it can store instance information, and doesn't create new instances when you call it. The creation of 'ClsA' merely goes in the initializer, not the class statement. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: An executable operational semantics for Python
> bearophileh...@lycos.com (b) wrote: >b> gideon: >>> I've recently finished my Master's thesis on the semantics of Python. >>> In my thesis I define the semantics of Python by rewriting an abstract >>> machine. The sources that are used to produce my thesis can also be >>> compiled into a working interpreter. Hence I call it an 'executable' >>> semantics. >b> Can it be used for some useful purpose? I wanted to play with Python's MRO algorithm in the last weeks. I just took the MRO description from Gideon's thesis, put it in a small Haskell program and now I can easily try it out. -- Piet van Oostrum URL: http://pietvanoostrum.com [PGP 8DAE142BE17999C4] Private email: p...@vanoostrum.org -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Cannot find text in *.py files with Windows Explorer?
On Apr 4, 7:09 am, Tim Golden wrote: > ... Now I think about it, try searching > for "xplorer2" ... I'll second that. It's one of the few non-open source bits of software that I'll willingly pay a license for. Have used it for around 5 or 6 years now. It's by a little 1 man company called Zabkat. -- Ant. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: object knows which object called it?
Reckoner wrote: hi, I have the following problem: I have two objects, say, A and B, which are both legitimate stand-alone objects with lives of their own. A contains B as a property, so I often do A.B.foo() the problem is that some functions inside of B actually need A (remember I said they were both standalone objects), so I have to often do: A.B.foo_func(A) Which is kind of awkward. Is there some way that B.foo_func() could somehow know that it was called as a property of A in this way? Note that I'm looking for the calling object and NOT the calling function. Thanks in advance. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list B has to get into A somehow. Providing an installation method is no inconvenience if one remembers later not to bypass it. class A: something_for_contained_to_show = 99 def install_contained (self, B): B.container = self # Provides B with a reference to A self.contained = B class B: def method_with_container_access (self): print self.container # Show container object print self.container.something_for_contained_to_show >>> a = A (); b = B (); a.install_contained (b) >>> b.method_with_container_access () <__main__.A instance at 0x019D5788> 99 Does this look like a good idea? Frederic -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Help with wxPython program :.: return 1?
Dennis Lee Bieber wrote: I don't know what Komodo is coded in, but if it is using wx, you may be failing from having two "mainloop" processes... (same problem as trying to run a Tkinter application from inside IDLE, and probably trying to run a win32gui application from PythonWin) No, Komodo is not a wx app. Trent -- Trent Mick trentm at activestate.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Delicious API and urllib2
The delicious api requires http authorization (actually https). A generic delicious api post url is "https:// username:passw...@api.api.del.icio.us/v1/posts/add?url=http:// example.com/&description=interesting&tags=whatever". This works fine when entered in the Firefox address bar. However urllib2.urlopen(delicious_post_url) chokes and returns "httplib.InvalidURL: nonnumeric port: 'passw...@api.del.icio.us". Delicious really wants that authorization stuff embedded in the url as it also rejected my attempts at using urllib2.HTTPBasicAuthHandler(), etc. Anybody have any hints? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
pycap (popcap gaming lib w python 2.5) mouse question
anyone use pycap based on popcap gaming lib.. http://www.farbs.org/pycap.html?? (not to be confused with the other pycap) I was trying to figure out why the mouse works in the example I didn't see any python code for it but It seem to have an effect in the example.. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: logging - string formating problems
On Apr 6, 1:58 pm, "Werner F. Bruhin" wrote: > I am fully aware that the problem is in my code, however as getMessage > inlogging.__init__.py does not catch the exception it is pretty > difficult to find the problem without manually inspecting > anylogging.something statements. > > My hack oflogging.py is really a hack and I know that this can not be > used a patch but I hope that someone with more know how then me knows > how to improve the situation. > > BTW, using the below hack was enough for me to mind the bad code in my > stuff, but it shouldn't have been this difficult. > > Traceback (most recent call last): > File "C:\Python25\lib\logging\__init__.py", line 750, in emit > msg = self.format(record) > File "C:\Python25\lib\logging\__init__.py", line 636, in format > return fmt.format(record) > File "C:\Python25\lib\logging\__init__.py", line 424, in format > record.message = record.getMessage() > File "C:\Python25\lib\logging\__init__.py", line 288, in getMessage > msg = msg % self.args > TypeError: not all arguments converted during string formatting > > Then I hacklogging.py and change line 288 in getMessage from: > msg = msg % self.args > > to: > try: > msg = msg % self.args > except: > print 'msg: %s' % msg > print 'args: %s' % self.args > print traceback.format_exc() > > I get the following which helps a lot more in finding were in my code I > have the problem: > > msg: ping_min: 1 > args: replace > Traceback (most recent call last): > File "C:\Python25\lib\logging\__init__.py", line 290, in getMessage > msg = msg % self.args > TypeError: not all arguments converted during string formatting > > As mentioned above, I know the above code is not good enough at all, but > I hope that maybe Vinay Sajip or someone else with more know how then I > have can come up with a patch which will make this type of situation easier. > > Werner Handlers should direct any exceptions raised during emit() to handleError(), except for SystemExit and KeyboardInterrupt which are re-raised. So, you should be able to redefine handleError to print the relevant information if a TypeError is raised, either by subclassing or by monkey-patching as Peter Otten has suggested. However, handleError normally swallows the exceptions if raiseExceptions is false (by default, it's set to true. It's meant to be set to false only in production environments where exceptions raised in logging should have no influence on the application's behaviour). Regards, Vinay Sajip -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Accessing mail box tree of Thunderbird/Seamonkey?
Chris Rebert wrote: On Sun, Apr 5, 2009 at 1:04 AM, robert wrote: Is there a API/possibilty for reading&writing (live) in the mail box tree of Thunderbird/Seamonkey with Python? From what I can google, they're already in mbox format, so you can use mailbox.mbox to read/write to them. See http://docs.python.org/library/mailbox.html#mailbox.mbox I was already aware of. those mbox file just grow and grow until one does a 'Compress Folder'. There are additional complicated index files and caching and all. So it doesn't reflect the current state nor allows for practical modifying. I found only SimpleMAPI for the inbox&send only. the XUL api seems to be usable only from inside. Robert -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Delicious API and urllib2
Bill wrote:
The delicious api requires http authorization (actually https). A
generic delicious api post url is "https://
username:passw...@api.api.del.icio.us/v1/posts/add?url=http://
example.com/&description=interesting&tags=whatever".
This works fine when entered in the Firefox address bar. However
urllib2.urlopen(delicious_post_url) chokes and returns
"httplib.InvalidURL: nonnumeric port: 'passw...@api.del.icio.us".
Delicious really wants that authorization stuff embedded in the url as
it also rejected my attempts at using urllib2.HTTPBasicAuthHandler(),
etc.
Anybody have any hints?
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
What failure were you experiencing when you were using the
HTTPBasicAuthHandler?
Did you follow the sample code from the docs?
import urllib2
# Create an OpenerDirector with support for Basic HTTP Authentication...
auth_handler = urllib2.HTTPBasicAuthHandler()
auth_handler.add_password(realm='PDQ Application',
uri='https://mahler:8092/site-updates.py',
user='klem',
passwd='kadidd!ehopper')
opener = urllib2.build_opener(auth_handler)
# ...and install it globally so it can be used with urlopen.
urllib2.install_opener(opener)
urllib2.urlopen('http://www.example.com/login.html'
--
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Re: Executing a C program from Python
vishakha vaibhav wrote:
Hi,
I am very new to python. I have my cgi script written in Python. My
CGI script should call a C program and collect the value returned by
this program and pass it to the browser.
Can anyone help me out in this. How can I execute the c program and
collect the return value.
I tried,
import os
a=os.system("my-app")//my-app is the C program executable
print a
But the variable *a* prints 0 everytime. It should return a non-zero
value as per my C program. Is there any method to do what I need.
Regards,
vish
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Executing from os.system returns the return code from the application.
Take a look at the subprocess module
(http://docs.python.org/library/subprocess.html#module-subprocess), as
recommended by the os docs when you need to deal with capturing output
from stdout.
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Best way to start
Hi, What is a good way to learn Python? Do you recommend going by a book (suggestions welcome) or learning with tutorials? Both? Thanks in advance, Avi -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Eval Problem
Hi: I have this code: x = 1 while x <= bitties: file = open(p + str(x) + ".txt") for line in file: print line print eval(bits[x - 1]) x += 1 which throws this error: [Mon Apr 06 12:07:29 2009] [error] [client 190.166.0.221] PythonHandler mod_python.cgihandler: Traceback (most recent call last): [Mon Apr 06 12:07:29 2009] [error] [client 190.166.0.221] PythonHandler mod_python.cgihandler: File "/usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/mod_python/apache.py", line 299, in HandlerDispatch\n result = object(req) [Mon Apr 06 12:07:29 2009] [error] [client 190.166.0.221] PythonHandler mod_python.cgihandler: File "/usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/mod_python/cgihandler.py", line 96, in handler\n imp.load_module(module_name, fd, path, desc) [Mon Apr 06 12:07:29 2009] [error] [client 190.166.0.221] PythonHandler mod_python.cgihandler: File "/var/www/vhosts/ articles.13gems.com/httpdocs/index_frame.py", line 89, in ?\n print eval(bits[1]) [Mon Apr 06 12:07:29 2009] [error] [client 190.166.0.221] PythonHandler mod_python.cgihandler: File "", line 1 [Mon Apr 06 12:07:29 2009] [error] [client 190.166.0.221] PythonHandler mod_python.cgihandler: tableBottom(348,180) [Mon Apr 06 12:07:29 2009] [error] [client 190.166.0.221] PythonHandler mod_python.cgihandler: ^ [Mon Apr 06 12:07:29 2009] [error] [client 190.166.0.221] PythonHandler mod_python.cgihandler: SyntaxError: invalid syntax However, if I edit out the offending line and add: print tableBottom(348,180) it prints! What´s wrong? TIA, Victor -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Best way to start
On Mon, Apr 6, 2009 at 12:08 PM, Avi wrote: > Hi, > > What is a good way to learn Python? > > Do you recommend going by a book (suggestions welcome) or learning > with tutorials? Both? The official Python tutorial is pretty darn good: http://docs.python.org/tutorial/ If you want a book as well, I personally liked "Python in a Nutshell"; it's not in tutorial format, but you can definitely learn Python from it. Cheers, Chris -- I have a blog: http://blog.rebertia.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Weird Tk Canvas coordinate issue
I'm new to python, so keep that in mind. I have a tk Canvas that I'm trying to draw on, and I want to start my drawing at an offset (from 0) location. So I can tweak this as I code, I set this offset as a class level variable: def ClassName: OFFSET = 20 def __init__(self, master)): self.canvas = Canvas(master) self.canvas.create_rectangle(self.OFFSET, self.OFFSET, 300 + self.OFFSET, 300 + self.OFFSET, width=2) The weird thing is, it doesn't offset. If I set my offset to 10, it still starts drawing at 0,0. Here's the really weird part (at least to me), if I put a print line right about my drawing statements to print the value of the offset, it works like it should, and offsets the drawing. If I remove the print line, the offset goes away. This makes no sense to me. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
cgi file limit size?
I am wondering where the limitation of filesize comes from when i upload a large file. it uploads when the filesize is less than 20 MB (but not if larger). the script does not limit the filesize so it is either an HTTP specification or a webserver limit, right? maybe my connection to the server is timing out during the upload? web server is IIS 6.0. python is 2.5.2. IIS webmapping does not use "-u" b/c nothing works when that option is used. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: group several methods under a attribute
Hi Aaron, Thanks a lot for your suggestions. I wasnt familiar with the __get__ magic, which seems interesting. So, finally it seems that the cleanest pattern is: class ClsA( object ): def __init__( self, other ): self.inst= other def submethA( self, arg ): print( 'submethA %r, instance %r'% ( arg, self.inst ) ) class ClsB( object ): def methA( self, arg ): self.A= ClsA( self ) print( 'methA %r'% arg ) b= ClsB( ) b.methA( 'this' ) b.A.submethA( 'that' ) Many thanks, -jelle -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: object knows which object called it?
On Apr 6, 10:53 am, Reckoner wrote: > hi, > > I have the following problem: I have two objects, say, A and B, which > are both legitimate stand-alone objects with lives of their own. > > A contains B as a property, so I often do > > A.B.foo() > > the problem is that some functions inside of B actually need A > (remember I said they were both standalone objects), so I have to > often do: > > A.B.foo_func(A) > > Which is kind of awkward. > > Is there some way that B.foo_func() could somehow know that it was > called as a property of A in this way? > > Note that I'm looking for the calling object and NOT the calling > function. Read up on descriptors [1], it seems that's what you're looking for. HTH, George [1] http://users.rcn.com/python/download/Descriptor.htm -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Best way to start
Avi wrote: > What is a good way to learn Python? > > Do you recommend going by a book (suggestions welcome) or learning > with tutorials? Both? how do you like to learn and how much experience do you have programming in other languages? andrew -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Best way to start
I personally learned a lot from www.diveintopython.org On Mon, Apr 6, 2009 at 2:08 PM, Avi wrote: > Hi, > > What is a good way to learn Python? > > Do you recommend going by a book (suggestions welcome) or learning > with tutorials? Both? > > Thanks in advance, > Avi > -- > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list > -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Best way to start
I was able to get a friend into Python over a Google Chat. I pointed him to the downloads page, waited for him to install, then covered the basics in quite a few steps (syntax, conditionals, loops, function definition and application, classes and methods, lists, dicts and comprehensions). He loved the language and used it to solve some problems in the Euler Project. :) -- a game sig: http://tinyurl.com/d3rxz9 -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Returning different types based on input parameters
That's more of a general API design question but I'd like to get an idea if and how things are different in Python context. AFAIK it's generally considered bad form (or worse) for functions/methods to return values of different "type" depending on the number, type and/or values of the passed parameters. I'm using "type" loosely in a duck- typing sense, not necessarily as a concrete class and its descendants, although I'm not sure if even duck-typing is endorsed for return values (as opposed to input parameters). For example, it is common for a function f(x) to expect x to be simply iterable, without caring of its exact type. Is it ok though for f to return a list for some types/values of x, a tuple for others and a generator for everything else (assuming it's documented), or it should always return the most general (iterator in this example) ? To take it further, what if f wants to return different types, differing even in a duck-type sense? That's easier to illustrate in a API-extension scenario. Say that there is an existing function `solve (x)` that returns `Result` instances. Later someone wants to extend f by allowing an extra optional parameter `foo`, making the signature `solve(x, foo=None)`. As long as the return value remains backward compatible, everything's fine. However, what if in the extended case, solve() has to return some *additional* information apart from `Result`, say the confidence that the result is correct ? In short, the extended API would be: def solve(x, foo=None): ''' @rtype: `Result` if foo is None; (`Result`, confidence) otherwise. ''' Strictly speaking, the extension is backwards compatible; previous code that used `solve(x)` will still get back `Result`s. The problem is that in new code you can't tell what `solve(x,y)` returns unless you know something about `y`. My question is, is this totally unacceptable and should better be replaced by a new function `solve2 (x, foo=None)` that always returns (`Result`, confidence) tuples, or it might be a justifiable cost ? Any other API extension approaches that are applicable to such situations ? George -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Some test fail on my new Python 2.6
Hi All,
I just downloaded and compiled Python 2.6 on a Gentoo Linux, IBM NetVista.
After going through the usual steps (./configure, make), I ran a test (make
test), and got some unexpected issues, which are detailed here:
# ./python Lib/test/test_tcl.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "Lib/test/test_tcl.py", line 6, in
from Tkinter import Tcl
File "/install/Python-2.6.1/Lib/lib-tk/Tkinter.py", line 39, in
import _tkinter # If this fails your Python may not be configured for Tk
# ./python Lib/test/test_dbm.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "Lib/test/test_dbm.py", line 3, in
import dbm
ImportError: No module named dbm
# ./python Lib/test/test_multiprocessing.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "Lib/test/test_multiprocessing.py", line 1825, in
main()
File "Lib/test/test_multiprocessing.py", line 1822, in main
test_main(unittest.TextTestRunner(verbosity=2).run)
File "Lib/test/test_multiprocessing.py", line 1788, in test_main
raise TestSkipped("OSError raises on RLock creation, see issue 3111!")
test.test_support.TestSkipped: OSError raises on RLock creation, see issue 3111!
What is issue 3111? Couldn't find any reference to it.
Two more:
# ./python Lib/test/test_httpservers.py
test_command (__main__.BaseHTTPServerTestCase) ... ok
test_handler (__main__.BaseHTTPServerTestCase) ... ok
test_head_keep_alive (__main__.BaseHTTPServerTestCase) ... ok
test_header_close (__main__.BaseHTTPServerTestCase) ... ok
test_internal_key_error (__main__.BaseHTTPServerTestCase) ... ok
test_request_line_trimming (__main__.BaseHTTPServerTestCase) ... ok
test_return_custom_status (__main__.BaseHTTPServerTestCase) ... ok
test_return_header_keep_alive (__main__.BaseHTTPServerTestCase) ... ok
test_send_blank (__main__.BaseHTTPServerTestCase) ... ok
test_version_bogus (__main__.BaseHTTPServerTestCase) ... ok
test_version_digits (__main__.BaseHTTPServerTestCase) ... ok
test_version_invalid (__main__.BaseHTTPServerTestCase) ... ok
test_version_none (__main__.BaseHTTPServerTestCase) ... ok
test_version_none_get (__main__.BaseHTTPServerTestCase) ... ok
test_get (__main__.SimpleHTTPServerTestCase) ... FAIL
test_head (__main__.SimpleHTTPServerTestCase) ... ok
test_invalid_requests (__main__.SimpleHTTPServerTestCase) ... ok
test_authorization (__main__.CGIHTTPServerTestCase) ... FAIL
test_headers_and_content (__main__.CGIHTTPServerTestCase) ... FAIL
test_invaliduri (__main__.CGIHTTPServerTestCase) ... ok
test_post (__main__.CGIHTTPServerTestCase) ... FAIL
==
FAIL: test_get (__main__.SimpleHTTPServerTestCase)
--
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "Lib/test/test_httpservers.py", line 243, in test_get
self.check_status_and_reason(response, 404)
File "Lib/test/test_httpservers.py", line 219, in check_status_and_reason
self.assertEquals(response.status, status)
AssertionError: 200 != 404
==
FAIL: test_authorization (__main__.CGIHTTPServerTestCase)
--
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "Lib/test/test_httpservers.py", line 340, in test_authorization
(res.read(), res.getheader('Content-type'), res.status))
AssertionError: ('Hello World\n', 'text/html', 200) != ('', None, 200)
==
FAIL: test_headers_and_content (__main__.CGIHTTPServerTestCase)
--
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "Lib/test/test_httpservers.py", line 321, in test_headers_and_content
(res.read(), res.getheader('Content-type'), res.status))
AssertionError: ('Hello World\n', 'text/html', 200) != ('', None, 200)
==
FAIL: test_post (__main__.CGIHTTPServerTestCase)
--
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "Lib/test/test_httpservers.py", line 328, in test_post
self.assertEquals(res.read(), '1, python, 123456\n')
AssertionError: '' != '1, python, 123456\n'
--
Ran 21 tests in 3.149s
FAILED (failures=4)
# ./python Lib/test/test_socket.py
testCrucialConstants (__main__.GeneralModuleTests) ... ok
testDefaultTimeout (__main__.GeneralModuleTests) ... ok
testGetServBy (__main__.GeneralModuleTests) ... ok
testGetSockOpt (__main__.GeneralModuleTests) ... ok
testHostnameRes (__main__.GeneralModuleTests) ... ok
testIPv4toString (__main__.GeneralModuleTests) ... ok
testIPv6toString (__main__.GeneralModuleTests) ... ok
testInterpreterCrash (__main__.GeneralModuleTests) ... ok
testNewAttributes (__main__.GeneralModuleTests) ... ok
testNtoH (__main__.GeneralModuleTests) ... ok
testN
Re: Best way to start
A BIG Thanks to Chris and Andrew for suggestions. This is an awesome place. namekuseijin: haha...got a friend hooked to Python on chat? hilarious! -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: decorators don't play nice with nose?
hyperboreean schrieb:
Hi, I am trying to test the business part of a web service. For this I
am using unittest & nose.
I wrote a decorator that should handle the xml test file retrieval, but
it seems I can't get it working with nose.
Here's the code:
* MyApp.py -- base test class *
import os
import unittest
from MyApp.Core import XmlParser
__all__ = ['MyAppTest', 'setup']
PATH = os.path.dirname(__file__) or ''
class setup(object):
"""Decorator to ease the use of xml files in MyApp tests.
The way it works it that it decorates a test method which has a first
default parameter called 'parser' and it overwrites this parameter value
with a XmlParser instance.
The xml file should be located under:
data/testedBusinessRequest/testMethodName.xml
"""
def __init__(self, testedBusinessRequest = ''):
self.testedBusinessRequest =\
testedBusinessRequest.lower()
def _getXmlParser(self, xml):
documentElement = XmlParser.parseXmlStream(xml)
parser = XmlParser.getParser(documentElement)
return parser
def __call__(self, method):
# TODO: error handling here
methodName = method.func_code.co_name
methodName = methodName.split('_')[1]
xmlFolder = self.testedBusinessRequest
xmlFile = '%s.xml' % methodName
path = os.path.join(PATH, 'data',
xmlFolder, xmlFile)
f = open(path)
xml = f.read()
f.close()
method.func_defaults = (self._getXmlParser(xml),)
return method
class MyAppTest(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
self.database = Database()
def tearDown(self):
pass
* test_Login.py - test a business request *
from MyAppTest import MyAppTest, setup
from MyApp import Login
class TestLogin(MyAppTest):
testedBusinessRequest = 'Login'
@setup(testedBusinessRequest)
def test_validParameters(self, parser = None):
response = Login(self.database, parser).run()
return True
Ok, so the decorator setup should fill the parser parameter with a
XmlParser object. This works well if I add a __main__ and use unittest
to run the tests. But if I use nose, I get the following error:
*TypeError: unbound method __call__() must be called with setup instance
as first argument (got module instance instead)*
Any advices?
Nose works via the func_name parameter of a method/function.
So when you decorate it, you need to make sure that is set properly. One
option is to do something like this:
from functools import wraps
def my_decorator(f):
@wraps(f)
def _d(*args, **kwargs):
return f(*args, **kwargs)
return _d
Diez
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
print from a python script.
I'm trying to print a simple string to a network printer. This is what I
have so far:
import os
printer_path = "192.168.200.139"
p = os.popen(printer_path, 'w')
p.write("this is a printer test")
p.close()
I'm trying to call the printer from its IP address. When I run the script I
get:
sh: 192.168.200.139: not found
thanks for you help in advance.
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to go about. On read/write locks
This is a classical synchronization problem with a classical solution: You treat the readers as a group, and the writers individually. So you have a write lock that each writer has to acquire and release, but it is acquired only by the first reader and released by the last one. Therefore you need a counter of the number of readers, and manipulations of this counter must be protected by another lock. I was going to suggest a similar approach but refused to because of a problem I see with your code as well - if the readers are reading very fast (the OP didn't state what his actual application is, so it might not be a consumer-producer scheme which I don't think a dict would be the natural choice anyway) they can block the writer from writing alltogether. Or do I miss something here? Diez -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: print from a python script.
On Mon, Apr 6, 2009 at 2:24 PM, Ronn Ross wrote:
> I'm trying to print a simple string to a network printer. This is what I
> have so far:
>
> import os
>
> printer_path = "192.168.200.139"
> p = os.popen(printer_path, 'w')
> p.write("this is a printer test")
> p.close()
>
> I'm trying to call the printer from its IP address. When I run the script I
> get:
> sh: 192.168.200.139: not found
Note that os.popen() is for running /commands/, not opening files or
IP addresses. I think you want the httplib or urllib modules instead.
Cheers,
Chris
--
I have a blog:
http://blog.rebertia.com
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to go about. On read/write locks
Python's approach with the GIL is both reasonable and disappointing. Reasonable because I understand how it can make things easier for its internals. Disappointing because it means that standard python cannot take advantage of the parallelism that can more and more often be afforded by today's computers. I.e. I found only recently, almost by chance, that my wife's laptop has not one but two processors, even though it isn't a particularly high-end computer. I now understand that OS-level threading does use them both, but I understand that the GIL effectively prevents parallel operations. (Am I understanding correctly?) Not entirely. Yes, if your application is CPU-bound. No if it's IO-bound. And a lot of people think that threads are actually the wrong approach for concurrency anyway, so with python2.6 there comes the multiprocessing-module that lets you use the full capacity of your CPUs. I do not completely understand your statement in the context of my original example though, the shared dictionary. As the GIL is released every X bytecode operations surely it can happen that as the dictionary is iterated through, i.e. in a for/in loop, a different thread might change it, with potentially catastrophic consequences. The GIL wouldn't be able to prevent this, wouldn't it? You didn't give a concrete usage scenario for your shared dict - but I assumed that by reading and writing you meant mydict[key] = value value = mydict[key] which are both atomic through the GIL. More complex operations - such as iteration - might need more coarse grained locking. Diez -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Best way to start
Avi escreveu: A BIG Thanks to Chris and Andrew for suggestions. This is an awesome place. namekuseijin: haha...got a friend hooked to Python on chat? hilarious! True story. But he was already a programmer. Only Pascal Delphi though. -- a game sig: http://tinyurl.com/d3rxz9 -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Returning different types based on input parameters
George Sakkis wrote: That's more of a general API design question but I'd like to get an idea if and how things are different in Python context. AFAIK it's generally considered bad form (or worse) for functions/methods to return values of different "type" depending on the number, type and/or values of the passed parameters. I'm using "type" loosely in a duck- typing sense, not necessarily as a concrete class and its descendants, although I'm not sure if even duck-typing is endorsed for return values (as opposed to input parameters). For example, it is common for a function f(x) to expect x to be simply iterable, without caring of its exact type. Is it ok though for f to return a list for some types/values of x, a tuple for others and a generator for everything else (assuming it's documented), or it should always return the most general (iterator in this example) ? To take it further, what if f wants to return different types, differing even in a duck-type sense? That's easier to illustrate in a API-extension scenario. Say that there is an existing function `solve (x)` that returns `Result` instances. Later someone wants to extend f by allowing an extra optional parameter `foo`, making the signature `solve(x, foo=None)`. As long as the return value remains backward compatible, everything's fine. However, what if in the extended case, solve() has to return some *additional* information apart from `Result`, say the confidence that the result is correct ? In short, the extended API would be: def solve(x, foo=None): ''' @rtype: `Result` if foo is None; (`Result`, confidence) otherwise. ''' Strictly speaking, the extension is backwards compatible; previous code that used `solve(x)` will still get back `Result`s. The problem is that in new code you can't tell what `solve(x,y)` returns unless you know something about `y`. My question is, is this totally unacceptable and should better be replaced by a new function `solve2 (x, foo=None)` that always returns (`Result`, confidence) tuples, or it might be a justifiable cost ? Any other API extension approaches that are applicable to such situations ? I don't like the sound of this. :-) In your example I would possibly suggest returning a 'Result' object and then later subclassing to give 'ConfidenceResult' which has the additional 'confidence' attribute. I think the only time when it's OK to return instances of different classes is when one of them is None, for example the re module where match() returns either a MatchObject (if successful) or None (if unsuccessful); apart from that, a function should always return an instance of the same class (or perhaps a subclass) or, if a collection then the same type of collection (eg always a list and never sometimes a list, sometimes a tuple). -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: print from a python script.
Chris Rebert wrote:
> On Mon, Apr 6, 2009 at 2:24 PM, Ronn Ross wrote:
> > I'm trying to print a simple string to a network printer. This is what I
> > have so far:
> >
> > import os
> >
> > printer_path = "192.168.200.139"
> > p = os.popen(printer_path, 'w')
> > p.write("this is a printer test")
> > p.close()
> >
> > I'm trying to call the printer from its IP address. When I run the script I
> > get:
> > sh: 192.168.200.139: not found
>
> Note that os.popen() is for running /commands/, not opening files or
> IP addresses. I think you want the httplib or urllib modules instead.
Actually in this case (_writing_ text to a printer) I think you want the
Linux CUPS package for access to your remote printer, and then popen on
the 'lp' command (but use subprocess.Popen instead, that's better).
By the way, when you get closer to getting the above to work, you're
going to want to add a '\n' to the end of that string you are writing.
--
R. David Murray http://www.bitdance.com
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Weird Tk Canvas coordinate issue
Tim Shannon wrote: I'm new to python, so keep that in mind. I have a tk Canvas that I'm trying to draw on, and I want to start my drawing at an offset (from 0) location. So I can tweak this as I code, I set this offset as a class level variable: def ClassName: OFFSET = 20 def __init__(self, master)): self.canvas = Canvas(master) self.canvas.create_rectangle(self.OFFSET, self.OFFSET, 300 + self.OFFSET, 300 + self.OFFSET, width=2) The weird thing is, it doesn't offset. If I set my offset to 10, it still starts drawing at 0,0. Here's the really weird part (at least to me), if I put a print line right about my drawing statements to print the value of the offset, it works like it should, and offsets the drawing. If I remove the print line, the offset goes away. This makes no sense to me. Tim Shannon wrote: I'm new to python, so keep that in mind. I have a tk Canvas that I'm trying to draw on, and I want to start my drawing at an offset (from 0) location. So I can tweak this as I code, I set this offset as a class level variable: def ClassName: OFFSET = 20 def __init__(self, master)): self.canvas = Canvas(master) self.canvas.create_rectangle(self.OFFSET, self.OFFSET, 300 + self.OFFSET, 300 + self.OFFSET, width=2) The above code wouldn't even compile. Please be careful to cut-and-paste working code into your email message. (I've made this mistake myself!) Changes to make: 1. first line: change "def" to "class" 2. def __init__(self, master)):<--- get rid of extra ")" 3. Make sure to "pack" the canvas into the overall Tk window: self.canvas = Canvas(master) self.canvas.pack()<--- add this line -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
extract Infobox contents
Hi,
I was trying to extract wikipedia Infobox contents which is in format
like given below, from the opened URL page in Python.
{{ Infobox Software
| name = Bash
| logo = [[Image:bash-org.png|165px]]
| screenshot = [[Image:Bash demo.png|250px]]
| caption= Screenshot of bash and [[Bourne shell|sh]]
sessions demonstrating some features
| developer = [[Chet Ramey]]
| latest release version = 4.0
| latest release date= {{release date|mf=yes|2009|02|20}}
| programming language = [[C (programming language)|C]]
| operating system = [[Cross-platform]]
| platform = [[GNU]]
| language = English, multilingual ([[gettext]])
| status = Active
| genre = [[Unix shell]]
| source model = [[Free software]]
| license= [[GNU General Public License]]
| website= [http://tiswww.case.edu/php/chet/bash/
bashtop.html Home page]
}} //upto this line
I need to extract all data between {{ Infobox ...to }}
Thank's if anyone can help,
am trying with
s1='{{ Infobox'
s2=len(s1)
pos1=data.find("{{ Infobox")
pos2=data.find("\n",pos2)
pat1=data.find("}}")
but am ending up getting one line at top only.
thank you,
--
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Re: Best way to start
Google's automatic chat logging is nice too. My first online python
tutorial for someone who never saw it before (sorry for not being in
english):
14/09/08
00:50 KALEL: I'm on Phyton Shell
00:52 me: cool
let's go
type it: 2
just to get rid of your fears... :)
KALEL: Hah hah hah hah
me: really
1+2
00:53 KALEL: Stupendous
AND???
me: type( 1 )
type( "foobar" )
00:54 KALEL: Good
me: Python is dinamically typed, you don't declare types: a = 2
a+3
KALEL: Ok... how do I refer to the values
00:55 me: a
?
KALEL: I mean, define some constant???
me: no constants, all variable. of course, there are scope rules
00:56 modules, classes and functions
let's go by steps
KALEL: Ok Morpheus
me: type there: dir() to know what it is in the current scope
KALEL: ['__builtins__', '__doc__', '__name__', 'a']
me: exact
it's a list: []
00:57 KALEL: I see
me: type dir( [] ) to know the methods of a list object
KALEL: Cool
me: show
00:58 KALEL: Waitaminute:
dir is a list, right?
me: it's a function returning a list
ls = dir()
KALEL: OK.
me: ls.sort
00:59 KALEL: Traceback (most recent call last):
File "", line 1, in
ls.sort
NameError: name 'ls' is not defined
me: you did not define it?
ls = dir()
01:00 KALEL:
me: yes
ls.sort()
forgot the parentheses to call
;)
ls.index('a')
01:01 for i in dir(): print i
01:02 KALEL: stopped
01:03 me: one more ENTER
BTW: blocks in python are idented by tabs
KALEL: ok
me: no {} or begin end
wait
01:04 KALEL: wonderful
01:05 Ok, but when you have a single command, you don't need {} nor
begin end
01:06 me: true, for that same reason I put print in the same line
for and if end in :
KALEL: 0x0
me: if foo:
this
else:
01:07 that
not forgetting tab indenting
KALEL: good
me: if you get another nested if, more indenting
KALEL: This is very good
01:08 The guy does not get lost
me: let's define a function
KALEL: And you don't need to worry about non-practical details
me: def fact( n ):
if n < 2: return 1
else:
return n+fact(n-1)
01:10 you can, of course, write a program in a text file and import it
01:11 KALEL: good
Guess I can already solve an Euler
01:12 me: say
type
def fact( n ):
"""Factorial of n"""
if n < 2:
return 1
else:
return n*fact(n-1)
into a text file and save as euler.py
01:13 notice documentation as part of a function
01:14 KALEL: Just did it.
Opened a python instance
01:15 me: still open?
KALEL: Yes
me: so, type this
euler.fact( 5 )
01:16 KALEL: FAIL
me: what?
KALEL: typed on the shell and didnt recongnize
me: import euler
now should go
euler.fact(5)
01:22 KALEL: Now it works!
me: I forgot the import, no? :P
hahahaha
KALEL: yep
me: sorry
KALEL: Will get more coffee
me: huhauhua, javaman
01:24 KALEL: Got coke
me: good
KALEL: while is in the same vein???
01:26 me: i = 1
while i<10:
... print i
... i += 1
without the dots, sure
01:30 KALEL: any mod function??
01:32 me: %
3%2
KALEL: Yes, thanks... I looked up on help
01:33 Any easy way to sum var to itself + new result??? say: sp = sp + p1
01:34 me: sp += 3
KALEL: sp +=p1
That?
me: yep
KALEL: Awesome.
01:35 me: converting a previous problem to Python? :)
KALEL: No... Solving the second one
me: ok
01:39 KALEL: how to end while???
indenting???
I mean, how do I close the block?
01:40 Forget
me: ident all commands inside while
ok
ending it is newline, plainly
01:43 KALEL: finally
Very good Phyton
GOT IT!!
me: way to go
very easy, ain't it?
01:44 nothing like removing away everything non-essential
KALEL: while sp<=400:
p1=p1+p2
if p1%2 == 0: sp += p1
p2=p2+p1
if p2%2 == 0: sp += p2
me: hehe
KALEL: of course, defining p1 = 2
p1 = 1 and p2 = 2
me: I was worried you would use = to compare
KALEL: sp = 2
me: exactly
KALEL: a bug
01:45 me: you don't even need a fib function
KALEL: Then I remembered = was used for attribution
me: hehe
common mistake among Pascal programmers
KALEL: COOL
me: not even in need for OO too! :O
haha
01:46 KALEL: too much...
Used OOPS!!
me: OOPS?
KALEL: OOPS
01:47 you try, if it fails: OOPS!
01:50 KALEL: Thank you.
I'll continue studying... you wait for me... now the force if with me
too.
me: we're right here
huhauhuha
01:51 nice, young Padawan
01:52 KALEL: Thanks, Jedi Master
01:55 me: BTW, my solution will make you go nuts:
def p2():
print "Find the sum of all the even-valued terms in the Fibonacci
sequence which do not exceed 4 million."
sum = 0
fib = 2
pfib = 1
while (fib<400):
if fib%2==0: sum+=fib
fib, pfib = fib+pfib,fib
return sum
01:56 check out the excellent variables swap near the last line... :)
01:57 KALEL: AWESOME!
me: yeah, no need for intermediary temp variables
01:58 I see you have a strange gleaming in the eyes, young disciple
:)
01:59 KALEL: huah huah huah
02:01 me: you may also reload a module after each change
reload( euler )
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Some test fail on my new Python 2.6
Sorin Schwimmer wrote: > I just downloaded and compiled Python 2.6 on a Gentoo Linux, IBM NetVista. > > After going through the usual steps (./configure, make), I ran a test (make > test), and got some unexpected issues, which are detailed here: > > # ./python Lib/test/test_tcl.py > Traceback (most recent call last): > File "Lib/test/test_tcl.py", line 6, in > from Tkinter import Tcl > File "/install/Python-2.6.1/Lib/lib-tk/Tkinter.py", line 39, in > import _tkinter # If this fails your Python may not be configured for Tk [...] > Anybody has a quick fix? Yep. Run 'make test' instead of running them one by one. make test will run them under regrtest, which has mechanisms for detecting tests that are expected to or may reasonably fail on a given platform. Then if you still have errors, report back :) -- R. David Murray -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
How can I change size of GUI?
Hi Folks, I copied code from book: class ScrolledText(Frame): def __init__(self, parent=None, text='', file=None): Frame.__init__(self, parent) self.pack(expand=YES, fill=BOTH) self.makeWidgets() self.settext(text, file) def makeWidgets(self): sbar = Scrollbar(self) text = Text(self, relief=SUNKEN, width=120) sbar.config(command=text.yview) text.config(yscrollcommand=sbar.set) sbar.pack(side=RIGHT, fill=Y) text.pack(side=LEFT, expand=YES, fill=BOTH) self.text = text It works, of course. But, the GUI is small, and I want to enlarge it. I tried to add in options of width=120 for Text(), but it did not work. Can somebody drop me a couple of lines for help? Thanks! Muddy Coder -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
New online docs broken?
I notice the online docs (at docs.python.org/3.0/index.html) were updated today. It seems some of the top-level pages, like Tutorial, "Using Python", "Language Reference" are truncated after the first few paragraphs. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Eval Problem
On Mon, 2009-04-06 at 15:11 -0400, Victor Subervi wrote: > Hi: > I have this code: > > x = 1 > while x <= bitties: > file = open(p + str(x) + ".txt") > for line in file: > print line > print eval(bits[x - 1]) > x += 1 > > which throws this error: > > [Mon Apr 06 12:07:29 2009] [error] [client 190.166.0.221] > PythonHandler mod_python.cgihandler: Traceback (most recent call > last): > [Mon Apr 06 12:07:29 2009] [error] [client 190.166.0.221] > PythonHandler mod_python.cgihandler: File > "/usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/mod_python/apache.py", line 299, > in HandlerDispatch\n result = object(req) > [Mon Apr 06 12:07:29 2009] [error] [client 190.166.0.221] > PythonHandler mod_python.cgihandler: File > "/usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/mod_python/cgihandler.py", line > 96, in handler\n imp.load_module(module_name, fd, path, desc) > [Mon Apr 06 12:07:29 2009] [error] [client 190.166.0.221] > PythonHandler mod_python.cgihandler: File > "/var/www/vhosts/articles.13gems.com/httpdocs/index_frame.py", line > 89, in ?\n print eval(bits[1]) > [Mon Apr 06 12:07:29 2009] [error] [client 190.166.0.221] > PythonHandler mod_python.cgihandler: File "", line 1 > [Mon Apr 06 12:07:29 2009] [error] [client 190.166.0.221] > PythonHandler mod_python.cgihandler: tableBottom(348,180) > [Mon Apr 06 12:07:29 2009] [error] [client 190.166.0.221] > PythonHandler mod_python.cgihandler: ^ > [Mon Apr 06 12:07:29 2009] [error] [client 190.166.0.221] > PythonHandler mod_python.cgihandler: SyntaxError: invalid syntax > Hmm. That's not the problem I get. For me, your code raises: "NameError: name 'bitties' is not defined" It's easier for us to help you if you present a self-contained piece of code that exhibits the problem you've encountered. Creating that code will often reveal the problem with the original code, and you will have solved your own problem. The other problem with your code is that you are using eval. Eval leads to difficult-to-debug errors, and is usually unnecessary, given the dynamic nature of python. If you need to access a class method using a string, you can use getattr. If you need to dynamically select a function based on some condition known in another variable, you can use a dictionary to hash into the function. It's hard to say what might be appropriate for your situation, because your code fragment is so... fragmentary. Cheers, Cliff -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: extract Infobox contents
On Mon, 06 Apr 2009 23:12:14 +0100, Anish Chapagain
wrote:
Hi,
I was trying to extract wikipedia Infobox contents which is in format
like given below, from the opened URL page in Python.
{{ Infobox Software
| name = Bash
| logo = [[Image:bash-org.png|165px]]
| screenshot = [[Image:Bash demo.png|250px]]
| caption= Screenshot of bash and [[Bourne shell|sh]]
sessions demonstrating some features
| developer = [[Chet Ramey]]
| latest release version = 4.0
| latest release date= {{release date|mf=yes|2009|02|20}}
| programming language = [[C (programming language)|C]]
| operating system = [[Cross-platform]]
| platform = [[GNU]]
| language = English, multilingual ([[gettext]])
| status = Active
| genre = [[Unix shell]]
| source model = [[Free software]]
| license= [[GNU General Public License]]
| website= [http://tiswww.case.edu/php/chet/bash/
bashtop.html Home page]
}} //upto this line
I need to extract all data between {{ Infobox ...to }}
Thank's if anyone can help,
am trying with
s1='{{ Infobox'
s2=len(s1)
pos1=data.find("{{ Infobox")
pos2=data.find("\n",pos2)
pat1=data.find("}}")
but am ending up getting one line at top only.
How are you getting your data? Assuming that you can arrange to get
it one line at a time, here's a quick and dirty way to extract the
infoboxes on a page.
infoboxes = []
infobox = []
reading_infobox = False
for line in feed_me_lines_somehow():
if line.startswith("{{ Infobox"):
reading_infobox = True
if reading_infobox:
infobox.append(line)
if line.startswith("}}"):
reading_infobox = False
infoboxes.append(infobox)
infobox = []
You end up with 'infoboxes' containing a list of all the infoboxes
on the page, each held as a list of the lines of their content.
For safety's sake you really should be using regular expressions
rather than 'startswith', but I leave that as an exercise for the
reader :-)
--
Rhodri James *-* Wildebeeste Herder to the Masses
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Web validation
If no internet connection: if have files: run anyway, with warning else: ERROR else: if error getting hash/files: if have files: run anyway, with warning else: ERROR else: run -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
