Re: [Biofuel] VW Diesel
Hi Joe Ok Keith; Thanks for the welcome. You're welcome. :-) Sorry if I stepped on anyone's toes, Not at all. as it wasn't my intent but around here (Ontario, Canada) it seems just about everybody has the mentality I described. Not only around there, sad to say, it's widespread. But maybe it's less widespread than it was a few years back. Hope springs eternal. They just don't seem to get it that the future is gonna look a little different. Don't seem to and I suppose don't want to either, nothing like a comfortable addiction, and there's plenty of encouragement for it from the mainstream media and all around, the comfortable assumptions go unchallenged, pretty much. Sometimes (often?) they see the facts as an attack and attack you back. Shoot the messenger. BTW I'm glad to be on this list. Making biodiesel is quite new to me and I'm sure I can benefit from all the experience gathered here. I hope so. Best wishes Keith Joe Keith Addison wrote: Hello Joe Greetz to all on the list; I have joined recently but have not posted till now. This thread just touched on a topic which has been on my mind. The question of multifuels and which is the best etc. There seems to be an underlying assumption that I keep coming up against as I interact with local people and tell them about my biodiesel efforts and the whole green oil vs black oil issue. Everyone including some on this list it seems, (don't be offended if you are not one of them)(but if you are one feel free to 1. be offended, 2. go do some soul searching) talks as if they just assume that this is a case of Oh I can put this in my tank instead of that and continue on as ever To me this is an example of our collective infantile world view that we can consume energy like pigs at the trough. I wonder how many people, and not just the ones who are so wired into 'the matrix' that they just don't even see the important issues, but even amongst the so called environmentally conscious types that can be found here and there, how many believe that it is a case of just finding an alternative energy source so we can continue on the way we have been? Does anyone believe that 80 to 100 billion extra barrels of vegetable oil can be produced every day to replace the petroleum industry? Whether future multifuel vehicles will run on vegetable oil or ethanol or liquified genius to me is a moot point. The truth is energy always has a price. I am reminded that the first R of the famous three R's is REDUCE. Using french fry oil again as fuel is only an example of recycling which is the third and least valuable of the three! There is certainly not enough WVO to go around if everyone were to jump on the bandwagon anyways. We are fortunate to be the early ones who are getting a kind of free ride, only because the masses are still passing the oil dumpster by on thier way to the petroleum store to give money to people who are content to poison them for thier support. I think there should be a lot more effort in the PR department challenging people to think differently. To live close to thier work. To walk and ride thier bicycles. This will improve the health and reduce the heathcare burden anyways. Buy stuff that is locally produced and think carefully about what you support and how you vote with your dollars. It is inevitable that we restructure society when the truth about the unsustainability of our lifestyle is in our faces and can no longer be denied in our daily routines. Those who have already begun to restructure thier own lives will be ahead of the game when the time comes but why wait? Start todaypick up the phone and call...a golden future awaits.. Just my two cents. A good two cents' worth. However, you'd probably have been a lot more cheery about had you spent some time in the list archives. That's pretty much the message the list has been pushing for the last five years. It's almost a mantra by now: Merely replacing fossil fuels is not the answer. A rational and sustainable energy future requires great reductions in energy use (currently mostly waste), great improvements in energy use efficiency, and, most important, decentralisation of supply to the small-scale or farm-scale local-economy level, along with the use of all ready-to-use renewable energy technologies in combination as the local circumstances require. More than that, there's a great deal of attention paid to how the feedstock is produced. If you just swap fuels instead of changing the entire disaster you'll end up with wall-to-wall industrialized monocrops of GMO soy and canola. Big Biofuels may not turn out to be much better than Big Oil. Silly thing about it is that industrialized monocropping of biofuels crops would be (is) just as fossil-fuel-dependent as industrialized monocropping of anything else is. What's the use of finding a cure for cancer if it gives you a heart attack? So
Re: [Biofuel] Hybrid Diesel
Hello Ted I'm interested in organizing a coalition around hybrid electric/biodiesel vehicles. Have you visited Darryl McMahon's website, Ecogenics? http://www.econogics.com/ I read that such products were manufactured early in the hybrid process, but later scrapped. Do you mean PNGV? The Partnership for a New Generation of Vehicles project started by Al Gore. In collaboration with government the Big Three in Detroit each developed diesel-electric hybrids with fuel consumption of about 80mpg and were getting costs down to near marketability when the project was scrapped by the Bush administration in favour of the Freedom Car. The technology, paid for with taxpayers' dollars, got stashed away in the vaults where they keep useful technology that might not be in their interests. Sorry to be cynical about it, but check these out: Driving In Circles http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/msg10943.html Fool Cells - How Detroit Plays Americans For A Bunch Of Suckers http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/msg20667.html See also the Mokhiber-Weissman review of Jack Doyle's book, Taken for a Ride: Detroit's Big Three and the Politics of Pollution: http://lists.essential.org/pipermail/corp-focus/2000/31.html See PNGV about halfway down: http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_future.html Do diesels have a future? There's this, from a post in one of those threads: During the Clinton Administration, all the major U.S. auto manufacturers developed diesel-electric hybrid concept vehicles, in line with the Partnership for a New Generation of Vehicle. Some were more realistic than others, but all had high mileages, and all were unveiled 1998-2001. Interesting that as soon as our current President took office, this initiative left the headlines. But there's also this, from Doyle: Bush's proposal to provide for clean cars -- which is laudable on its face -- is but the latest in a long line of Detroit-White House partnerships dating to the Nixon-era that only provide diversion and political cover, not actual clean cars. During the annual parade of auto shows in 2002, General Motors, a company which has lost 25 points of market share since the '50s, rolled out a futuristic-looking automotive underbody skateboard called Autonomy. Someday -- GM didn't say exactly when -- Autonomy would be crammed full of hydrogen-powered fuel cells and computers, and smog would end. A few days after GM's show, U.S. Energy Secretary of Energy, Spencer Abraham, and Sen. Carl Levin (D-Mich.), were on hand with GM and DaimlerChrysler to announce the death of one federal supercar program and the creation of another. Being terminated was a Clinton-era program -- a 10-year joint venture with Detroit known as the Partnership for a New Generation of Vehicles (PNGV) that was supposed to produce an 80 mpg family car. In its place, the Bush administration substituted a program focused not on fuel-efficiency but on hydrogen fuel-cell technology, Freedom Car. However, most of these ventures go nowhere, as Clinton's supercar program shows. At its September 1993 White House unveiling, Bill Clinton compared the PNGV to the Apollo project that put a man on the moon. GM's CEO at the time, Jack Smith, said the efficiency gains to come from the new venture would amount to nothing less than a major, even radical, breakthrough. A whole new class of car would follow, he assured his listeners. Sold to Congress as a way to make the Big Three competitive with the Japanese, PNGV became the perfect political tool to keep Congress from moving to improve fuel economy, to tout as the industry's global warming fighter, and to help undermine California's electric vehicle program. Meanwhile, as Detroit and Washington became comfortable in their new, 10-year research venture, the Japanese were making real improvements... -- From: Fool Cells - How Detroit Plays Americans For A Bunch Of Suckers There's also this: PNGV funds were available only to American companies. Recipients agreed to unveil a concept car by 2000, a preproduction prototype by 2004 and be in full production by 2010. All three, Ford, GM and DaimlerChrysler introduced concept cars in early 2000. And there development stopped. Why? Because the American car companies refused to commercialize a car they would initially lose money on, even if the losses would be temporary. Daimler/Chrysler, for example, announced in 2000 that it would not commercialize its diesel hybrid (ESX3) because it cost $7,500 more to make than their comparable gasoline powered car, a Dodge Intrepid. As late as April 2002 General Motors' CEO and President G. Richard Wagoner Jr. told Business Week, How will the economics of hybrids ever match that of the internal combustion engine? We can't afford to subsidize them. -- From: A Tale of Two Countries, by David Morris http://www.alternet.org/story.html?StoryID=17333 And this,
[Biofuel] Re: Acid Heterogeneous Catalyst and FFA esterification
Hello Francisco Dear Mr. Addison: No need to be so formal Francisco. Lets suppose that an oil/fat with a high content of Free Fatty Acids ( 15%) is available, is it true that FFA present in it can be esterifyed using an acid (H2SO4) as catalyst in conjunction with the chosen alcohol, plus heat, stirring, etc...? Yes. Assuming that esterification of FFA is achieved... Under such treatment I wonder what may happen to the oil/fat that is also present, could you please elaborate on it?. You'd use a two-stage process, first acid esterification followed by base transesterification (preferably using KOH rather than NaOH). See these previous messages on processing high-FFA oils (links to the whole thread are at the end of the messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/msg49913.html Re: [biofuels-biz] Foolproof process http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/msg48215.html Re: [biofuels-biz] High FFA oils - another way http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/msg48086.html Re: [biofuels-biz] Re: hi ffa feed stocks Best wishes Keith Thanks in advance, Francisco ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
[Biofuel] maximum MPG
I've read of some really fantastic claims of MPG in vehicles that are either proposed or promised, and my curiosity has been piqued. The question I have in mind that is bothering me is this: Let's say for a minute that we're developing a vehicle that doesn't use any fuel when it's not moving, the heat from its combustion is reclycled, (radiators being a waste of energy, blowing heat ...AKA energy you paid for... into the atmosphere) and the energy used to go up a hill is reclaimed when going down the other side, (like the hybrids do...) and, just for the numbers we'll design it to weigh 1000 pounds. (not much luxury or padding on this vehicle.) How might one figure the maximum MPG on this vehicle, considering the amount of energy stored in a gallon of gas (or diesel) and if all the energy in this gallon were to be used in propelling the vehicle forward? Assuming that none of this fuel is used to run headlights, charge battery, run a heater, air conditioning, or radio? I understand that friction is a reality, but for this thought experiment, let's assume friction free bearings, and 100% transfer of power from tires to asphalt also. Wish I could recall all the physics I learned in high school, but back then we were still trying to make an ark float. If someone could point me in the right direction for the formula for the amount of energy in a gallon of fuel and how far it could possibly push a specific mass in a perfect (theoretical) world, I would appreciate it. In the way that the Carnot cycle has its limits, I want to know what the limit for fuel efficiency on an infernal combustion engine is. Anyone? Thanks, doug swanson ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] maximum MPG
Des, I do not know of any formula, but what you describe is the VW Lupo 3L diesel and that one make around 85-90 mpg or 3 liter for 100 km. It is a vehicle for practical real use and VW did their best on the fuel economy. They also had an experimental 2 seater that made 100 km on 1 liter or around 260 mpg. Hakan At 09:10 AM 6/28/2005, you wrote: I've read of some really fantastic claims of MPG in vehicles that are either proposed or promised, and my curiosity has been piqued. The question I have in mind that is bothering me is this: Let's say for a minute that we're developing a vehicle that doesn't use any fuel when it's not moving, the heat from its combustion is reclycled, (radiators being a waste of energy, blowing heat ...AKA energy you paid for... into the atmosphere) and the energy used to go up a hill is reclaimed when going down the other side, (like the hybrids do...) and, just for the numbers we'll design it to weigh 1000 pounds. (not much luxury or padding on this vehicle.) How might one figure the maximum MPG on this vehicle, considering the amount of energy stored in a gallon of gas (or diesel) and if all the energy in this gallon were to be used in propelling the vehicle forward? Assuming that none of this fuel is used to run headlights, charge battery, run a heater, air conditioning, or radio? I understand that friction is a reality, but for this thought experiment, let's assume friction free bearings, and 100% transfer of power from tires to asphalt also. Wish I could recall all the physics I learned in high school, but back then we were still trying to make an ark float. If someone could point me in the right direction for the formula for the amount of energy in a gallon of fuel and how far it could possibly push a specific mass in a perfect (theoretical) world, I would appreciate it. In the way that the Carnot cycle has its limits, I want to know what the limit for fuel efficiency on an infernal combustion engine is. Anyone? Thanks, doug swanson ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
[Biofuel] To Andrew : Desalination
Hello, I am interested in a desalination system as well. Can you provide me some info on that ? Met dank en vriendelijke groet, Pieter Koole Netherlands - Original Message - From: Andrew Lowe [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: Biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Monday, June 27, 2005 3:34 PM Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Magnesol Chris Sommerfeld wrote: I manage a small biodiesel lab at a school here in the Bahamas. We currently make about 250 gal a week. Within the next month we plan to expand to make about 450 gal a week. We are always looking for new ways to improve our processing. Currently we use bubble washing in the wash/dry stage. Water is very presious for us and I am intersted in using Magnesol instead of water to purify our fuel. [snip] Just out of interest, why don't you build a small solar desalination system - besides the financial reasons, I thought the reason people when to the Bahama's was for sunshine!!! I'm sure Keith probably has squirreled away on JtoF plans for a low tech solar desalination system that would provide you with the water you need. If JtoF has nothing, get back to me, I know of a simple setup that could probably be made for a couple of hundred dollars. Regards, Andrew Lowe ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Reprocessing question
What do you mean by 90.5% KOH ? If the rest (9.5%) is water, that is where your problem is. With water, oil and KOH you have the right recepy to make soap. Try to get the KOH or NaOH as pure as you can get it. Succes. Metvriendelijke groet,Pieter Koole - Original Message - From: Bill Clark To: Biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Monday, June 27, 2005 7:34 PM Subject: [Biofuel] Reprocessing question Hi Keith and all, I made a 200 gallon batch of biodiesel last Friday. I used 200 gallons of wvo, 40 gallons of methanol, and 16.5 lbs of 90.5% anhydrous KOH from a titration of 4.5 g/L. After draining off the glycerine I took a 400 ml sample and performed a shake test.I got an emulsion. I added a couple of grains of calcium chloride and a thimble of vinegar and got perfect separation in about 10 minutes. As you know, I have addressed the question of soft water in the wash and while the addition of calcium chloride and vinegar have yet to produce a poor result, I am troubled by this initial emulsion formation using plain water. Today I took 1 litre od the biodiesel and reprocessed it. I used 200 ml of methanol and 5.4 grams of 90.5% KOH, preheated the oil to 120 F and blended for 20 minutes. After 1 hour there was no detectable settling of anything. The biodiesel remains in one phase that is slightly darker than the original biodiesel and somewhat cloudy. Does anyone think that I have a concern here or am I just being paranoid? Thanks for any comments, Bill Clark ___Biofuel mailing listBiofuel@sustainablelists.orghttp://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.orgBiofuel at Journey to Forever:http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.htmlSearch the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages):http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Reprocessing question
Pieter What do you mean by 90.5% KOH ? If the rest (9.5%) is water, that is where your problem is. With water, oil and KOH you have the right recepy to make soap. Try to get the KOH or NaOH as pure as you can get it. Succes. Lab-grade KOH assays at 92% at most, it doesn't get any higher than that. It varies between 85% and 92%, and it's a superior catalyst to NaOH. It's what most commercial biodiesel operations use and it doesn't make soap (unless you do it all wrong). Pieter, I've several times referred you to these pages, all this stuff is explained there and much more: http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_make.html Make your own biodiesel http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_make2.html Make your own biodiesel - page 2 I really wish you'd read them, then you wouldn't be making basic mistakes like this and asking whether phenolphthalein is the same as phenol red and so on. Best wishes Keith Met vriendelijke groet, Pieter Koole - Original Message - From: mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]Bill Clark To: mailto:Biofuel@sustainablelists.orgBiofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Monday, June 27, 2005 7:34 PM Subject: [Biofuel] Reprocessing question Hi Keith and all, I made a 200 gallon batch of biodiesel last Friday. I used 200 gallons of wvo, 40 gallons of methanol, and 16.5 lbs of 90.5% anhydrous KOH from a titration of 4.5 g/L. After draining off the glycerine I took a 400 ml sample and performed a shake test.I got an emulsion. I added a couple of grains of calcium chloride and a thimble of vinegar and got perfect separation in about 10 minutes. As you know, I have addressed the question of soft water in the wash and while the addition of calcium chloride and vinegar have yet to produce a poor result, I am troubled by this initial emulsion formation using plain water. Today I took 1 litre od the biodiesel and reprocessed it. I used 200 ml of methanol and 5.4 grams of 90.5% KOH, preheated the oil to 120 F and blended for 20 minutes. After 1 hour there was no detectable settling of anything. The biodiesel remains in one phase that is slightly darker than the original biodiesel and somewhat cloudy. Does anyone think that I have a concern here or am I just being paranoid? Thanks for any comments, Bill Clark ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] maximum MPG
The information you need is available in general purpose mechanical engineering text books such as Marks Standard Handbook. For a perfect vehicle with no friction or air resistance losses at 100% efficiency it would probably run forever. The record for a street legal 2 seat car is held by the VW mentioned that got 0.89 litres of diesel fuelper 100 km on a highway test drive. I think it's weight was about 265kg - so well under your allowance. To get some realistic answers you need to allow for friction and air drag coefficients plus the energy content of the fuels being considered. Fuel economy will alsovary with vehicle speed and acceleration getting up to speed. You will need to set more conditions to get an answer to your question. Graeme ---Original Message--- From: Biofuel@sustainablelists.org Date: 06/28/05 22:07:24 To: Biofuel@sustainablelists.org Subject: Re: [Biofuel] maximum MPG Des, I do not know of any formula, but what you describe is the VW Lupo 3L diesel and that one make around 85-90 mpg or 3 liter for 100 km. It is a vehicle for practical real use and VW did their best on the fuel economy. They also had an experimental 2 seater that made 100 km on 1 liter or around 260 mpg. Hakan At 09:10 AM 6/28/2005, you wrote: I've read of some really fantastic claims of MPG in vehicles that are either proposed or promised, and my curiosity has been piqued.The question I have in mind that is bothering me is this: Let's say for a minute that we're developing a vehicle that doesn't use any fuel when it's not moving, the heat from its combustion is reclycled, (radiators being a waste of energy, blowing heat ...AKA energy you paid for... into the atmosphere) and the energy used to go up a hill is reclaimed when going down the other side, (like the hybrids do...) and, just for the numbers we'll design it to weigh 1000 pounds. (not much luxury or padding on this vehicle.) How might one figure the maximum MPG on this vehicle, considering the amount of energy stored in a gallon of gas (or diesel) and if all the energy in this gallon were to be used in propelling the vehicle forward?Assuming that none of this fuel is used to run headlights, charge battery, run a heater, air conditioning, or radio?I understand that friction is a reality, but for this thought experiment, let's assume friction free bearings, and 100% transfer of power from tires to asphalt also. Wish I could recall all the physics I learned in high school, but back then we were still trying to make an ark float. If someone could point me in the right direction for the formula for the amount of energy in a gallon of fuel and how far it could possibly push a specific mass in a perfect (theoretical) world, I would appreciate it. In the way that the Carnot cycle has its limits, I want to know what the limit for fuel efficiency on an infernal combustion engine is. Anyone? Thanks, doug swanson ___ Biofuel mailing list gt;Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ -- No virus found in this incoming message. Checked by AVG Anti-Virus. Version: 7.0.323 / Virus Database: 267.8.5/32 - Release Date: 6/27/05 No virus found in this outgoing message. Checked by AVG Anti-Virus. Version: 7.0.323 / Virus Database: 267.8.5/32 - Release Date: 6/27/05 ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
[Biofuel] BD process question
Hello, I have a question about biodiesel processing I hope someone can help me with; I read the excellent info on the journey to forever site and checked the archives about washing etc. I am interested in using mechanical agitation to speed up the process of washing but I wonder if I am being too impatient or something. Some background on what I am doing I have been using the single stage process so far. I started to learn with virgin canola oil and then went to waste canola oil from a local pub. In every case I have done my titrations carefully using a good quality burette and stock KOH solution carefully mixed using a laboratory grade electronic scale and DI water. When I did the 1 liter test batches I got a clean split with only 2 layers and after 4 washes with acetic acid on the first one I have ended up with BD that is cloudy. After heating the BD for drying it became spectrally clear and remained that way after cooling. I had given an extended waiting time of more than a week to see if it would clarify on it's own but this did not happen. After the clarification by heating I took it down to the freezing point and it remained clear after thawing. Then I did my first 5 gallon batch in a water heater. My reractor is a vacuum type and I use a circulation pump for mixing and washing etc. Again I obtained a good clear split but this time the BD clarified after heating (began to clear at about 50 deg. C. and I heated it to 135 deg C.) and I was shocked to see it cloudy the following day after it cooled. I reheated again this time to 170 deg. C. and it was better after cooling but not near as clear as the other 1 liter test batches. So questions: What is it exactly that causes the cloudiness? Is it water content? I notice the BD from the test batches after all is done has a smell similar to oil based paint or linseed oil but had a much sweeter aromatic smell while it was being heated. The large batch more so. Is this due to residual methanol (which I thought I completely removed after the reaction using vacuum distillation at 55 deg C and 25 in Hg)? Does the cloudiness indicate that the reaction was not correct (excess caustic?) I didn't have a problem with soaps. Any recommendations? Thanks in advance for any help you can offer Joe ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
[Biofuel] furniture made from FedEx boxes
http://www.fedexfurniture.com/index.html Kinda different Kirk Discover Yahoo! Have fun online with music videos, cool games, IM & more. Check it out!___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
[Biofuel] polyethylene biogas plant
http://www.ias.unu.edu/proceedings/icibs/ibs/info/ecuador/install-polydig.htm HOW TO INSTALL A POLYETHYLENE BIOGAS PLANT By Francisco X. Aguilar Agronomic Engineer MSc Sustainable Agricultural Systems The Royal Agricultural College Cirencester Email: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Phone: + 44 (0) 1285 652531 Fax: + 44 (0) 1285 650219 Reproduced with permission for the Integrated Bio-Systems Network (11 Jan 2001) download original version (1.17mb .doc file) Acknowledgements: Photographs by Francisco Aguilar (2000). Sarvodaya Institute for Bio-diversity Conservation. Diagrams: Courtesy.- Aguilar, F.X. et al.(1999). El Biodigestor (Spanish). In: Toward a better use of our natural resources. EARTH University. 28. Yahoo! Mail Mobile Take Yahoo! Mail with you! Check email on your mobile phone.___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] BD process question
Hello Joe. The cloudiness is most likely caused by water or water soluble substances. A simple way of approaching your problem is to put your mini batch into water about 60-65oC, and let it stay there for a few hours. If it becomes clear, let it stay there for some additional time. If it does not become clear, try washing it again several times with water only and repeat the hot water procedure. Jan Warnqvist AGERATEC AB [EMAIL PROTECTED] + 46 554 201 89 +46 70 499 38 45 - Original Message - From: Joe Street [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: Biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Tuesday, June 28, 2005 3:26 PM Subject: [Biofuel] BD process question Hello, I have a question about biodiesel processing I hope someone can help me with; I read the excellent info on the journey to forever site and checked the archives about washing etc. I am interested in using mechanical agitation to speed up the process of washing but I wonder if I am being too impatient or something. Some background on what I am doing I have been using the single stage process so far. I started to learn with virgin canola oil and then went to waste canola oil from a local pub. In every case I have done my titrations carefully using a good quality burette and stock KOH solution carefully mixed using a laboratory grade electronic scale and DI water. When I did the 1 liter test batches I got a clean split with only 2 layers and after 4 washes with acetic acid on the first one I have ended up with BD that is cloudy. After heating the BD for drying it became spectrally clear and remained that way after cooling. I had given an extended waiting time of more than a week to see if it would clarify on it's own but this did not happen. After the clarification by heating I took it down to the freezing point and it remained clear after thawing. Then I did my first 5 gallon batch in a water heater. My reractor is a vacuum type and I use a circulation pump for mixing and washing etc. Again I obtained a good clear split but this time the BD clarified after heating (began to clear at about 50 deg. C. and I heated it to 135 deg C.) and I was shocked to see it cloudy the following day after it cooled. I reheated again this time to 170 deg. C. and it was better after cooling but not near as clear as the other 1 liter test batches. So questions: What is it exactly that causes the cloudiness? Is it water content? I notice the BD from the test batches after all is done has a smell similar to oil based paint or linseed oil but had a much sweeter aromatic smell while it was being heated. The large batch more so. Is this due to residual methanol (which I thought I completely removed after the reaction using vacuum distillation at 55 deg C and 25 in Hg)? Does the cloudiness indicate that the reaction was not correct (excess caustic?) I didn't have a problem with soaps. Any recommendations? Thanks in advance for any help you can offer Joe ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
RE: [Biofuel] maximum MPG
Hello Doug, Hakan and all. The Volkswagen One-Liter Car with a consuption of 1 litre/100 Km is a diesel powered car with only 2 seats in tandem it resembles an aircraft cockpit with wheels with a max. speed 120 Km/h, the information was located at: http://www.vwvortex.com/news/04_02/04_17/index.shtml from were I dowloaded in August 2002, From the VWAG Press Release, Last edited: 04.16.02 - 01:00 I did not checked in Internet if still that page is there but here I pasted for you some parts of the technical details I have in my archives from those old pages. Regards. Juan From page 1: Engine Even in the initial concept phase of the 1-litre car, different drive concept simulations showed that diesel was the only real option for the drive system, as only this combustion principle meets the maximum requirements for optimum energy exploitation. Here, the experience of the technical development team that created the three-litre Lupo was of great benefit. However, a 3-cylinder engine was out of the question for a fuel consumption level of just one litre per 100 kilometres. A 2-cylinder engine was also quickly dismissed. The final solution was a one-cylinder naturally-aspirated diesel engine with a displacement of just 0.3 litres. The direct injection diesel engine makes use of the most efficient injection system available today: a unit injection element with 6-hole jet and pre-injection. It provides a high working pressure of 2,000 bar. The one-cylinder SDI engine in the 1-litre car is not a mere derivative of the familiar engines, but is rather a completely new, technically highly sophisticated development. Two overhead camshafts actuate roller rocker fingers which in turn actuate three valves, two inlet valves and one exhaust outlet valve. These are then fed from the engine through a titanium exhaust system with reduced backpressure. The two overhead camshafts are driven by a strengthened toothed belt. The engine is an aluminium monobloc construction. That means that the cylinder head and crankcase of the compression-ignition engine are cast as a single piece. But that is not the end of the lightweight construction, for also here, all technically feasible stops have been pulled. The fuel pump housing is made of magnesium. The trapezoidal connecting rod is made of particle-reinforced titanium. The success of these measures becomes evident on the scales: dry (i.e. without operating fluids like oil and water), the engine weighs in at an unbelievably light 26 kilograms. Ready for operation, including the starter-alternator, it is just 12 kilograms more. Besides the reduction in weight, various measures were taken inside the engine to optimise fuel consumption. To minimise frictional resistance, the running area of the cylinder has been laser alloyed, roller rocker fingers reduce friction in the valve drive, even the tension of the piston rings has been reduced. The centrally mounted one-cylinder SDI diesel engine is transversely installed in front of the rear axle, has a displacement of 299 cc and generates its maximum output (6.3 kW / 8.5 bhp) at 4,000 rpm. The maximum torque of 18.4 Newton metres is delivered at 2,000 rpm. Even with this apparently low output and power development, the extremely light vehicle weight (which is comparable to that of an average touring motorcycle) and the excellent aerodynamics (with a drag coefficient of 0.159 - much better that a motorcycle and far better any series production vehicle) provide for a lively performance. For example, the 1-litre car reaches a top speed of 120 km/h. Moreover, Volkswagen's economical wunderkind is suitable for everyday use despite the extremes of its design. And that includes its range. It is not difficult to calculate the range available with the 6.5 litre tank: the two-seater can travel up to 650 kilometres on a single filling. Gearbox Volkswagen 1-litre car - Newly conceived automated direct shift gearbox Starter-alternator, start-stop system and freewheel function help save fuel Six-speed gearbox selects gears sequentially and automatically Due to the small installation space available for the engine-gearbox unit, new approaches were also required in the power transmission system. Here, a compact automated sequential 6-speed gearbox with a specially tuned shift program is used. This optimises power transmission, reducing fuel consumption. It was not possible to simply take a gearbox off the shelf, for once again, the motto was: save weight. And so the gearbox housing is made of magnesium, all gears and shafts are hollow, and bolts are made of titanium. In addition, a special high-lubricity oil ensures the 6-speed gearbox, which weighs a mere 23 kilograms, always runs smoothly. The gearshift mechanism is electro-hydraulically actuated via finely-tuned sensors, eliminating the need for a clutch pedal. There is also no need for a gear lever, for upshifts and downshift are
RE: [Biofuel] Hybrid Diesel
I worked on the Ford P2000 DIATA diesel hybrid for a few years in the late 90's, as a engine control systems engineer. It was a research vehicle, part of the PNGV initiative. A pretty cool and functional hybrid -- a large 4-door car (larger inside than a Taurus) with reasonable power. I got around 60-70 mpg in real-world driving, a bit higher on the EPA test cycles. The engine and hybrid system were all pretty close to currently in-production stuff, with the exception of batteries and exhaust aftertreatment. The cost of the vehicle, though, was way high, much to high for a marketable car. To get the weight down to 2000 lbs curb weight, we had expensive aluminum, magnesium, and titanium components everywhere. Titanium lugnuts? $200 each. Magnesium wheels? I doubt it could have been produced for less than $50,000 US, even given economies of scale. Fun stuff to play with, though. So, I don't think there is a magic vehicle being hidden from us. I do agree, though, that that was a heck of an expensive program for the U.S. taxpayer. IIRC, under PNGV the US gave $70 million to each of the big 3 automakers to come up with these 'possible vehicles'. -- RobT -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Keith Addison Sent: Tuesday, June 28, 2005 2:19 AM To: Biofuel@sustainablelists.org Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Hybrid Diesel Hello Ted I'm interested in organizing a coalition around hybrid electric/biodiesel vehicles. Have you visited Darryl McMahon's website, Ecogenics? http://www.econogics.com/ I read that such products were manufactured early in the hybrid process, but later scrapped. Do you mean PNGV? The Partnership for a New Generation of Vehicles project started by Al Gore. In collaboration with government the Big Three in Detroit each developed diesel-electric hybrids with fuel consumption of about 80mpg and were getting costs down to near marketability when the project was scrapped by the Bush administration in favour of the Freedom Car. The technology, paid for with taxpayers' dollars, got stashed away in the vaults where they keep useful technology that might not be in their interests. Sorry to be cynical about it, but check these out: Driving In Circles http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/msg10943.html Fool Cells - How Detroit Plays Americans For A Bunch Of Suckers http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/msg20667.html See also the Mokhiber-Weissman review of Jack Doyle's book, Taken for a Ride: Detroit's Big Three and the Politics of Pollution: http://lists.essential.org/pipermail/corp-focus/2000/31.html See PNGV about halfway down: http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_future.html Do diesels have a future? There's this, from a post in one of those threads: During the Clinton Administration, all the major U.S. auto manufacturers developed diesel-electric hybrid concept vehicles, in line with the Partnership for a New Generation of Vehicle. Some were more realistic than others, but all had high mileages, and all were unveiled 1998-2001. Interesting that as soon as our current President took office, this initiative left the headlines. But there's also this, from Doyle: Bush's proposal to provide for clean cars -- which is laudable on its face -- is but the latest in a long line of Detroit-White House partnerships dating to the Nixon-era that only provide diversion and political cover, not actual clean cars. During the annual parade of auto shows in 2002, General Motors, a company which has lost 25 points of market share since the '50s, rolled out a futuristic-looking automotive underbody skateboard called Autonomy. Someday -- GM didn't say exactly when -- Autonomy would be crammed full of hydrogen-powered fuel cells and computers, and smog would end. A few days after GM's show, U.S. Energy Secretary of Energy, Spencer Abraham, and Sen. Carl Levin (D-Mich.), were on hand with GM and DaimlerChrysler to announce the death of one federal supercar program and the creation of another. Being terminated was a Clinton-era program -- a 10-year joint venture with Detroit known as the Partnership for a New Generation of Vehicles (PNGV) that was supposed to produce an 80 mpg family car. In its place, the Bush administration substituted a program focused not on fuel-efficiency but on hydrogen fuel-cell technology, Freedom Car. However, most of these ventures go nowhere, as Clinton's supercar program shows. At its September 1993 White House unveiling, Bill Clinton compared the PNGV to the Apollo project that put a man on the moon. GM's CEO at the time, Jack Smith, said the efficiency gains to come from the new venture would amount to nothing less than a major, even radical, breakthrough. A whole new class of car would follow, he assured his listeners. Sold to Congress as a way to make the Big Three competitive with the Japanese, PNGV became the perfect political
Re: [Biofuel] BD process question
--- Joe Street [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hello, I have a question about biodiesel processing I hope someone can help me with; I read the excellent info on the journey to forever site and checked the archives about washing etc. I am interested in using mechanical agitation to speed up the process of washing but I wonder if I am being too impatient or something. Some background on what I am doing I have been using the single stage process so far. I started to learn with virgin canola oil and then went to waste canola oil from a local pub. In every case I have done my titrations carefully using a good quality burette and stock KOH solution carefully mixed using a laboratory grade electronic scale and DI water. When I did the 1 liter test batches I got a clean split with only 2 layers and after 4 washes with acetic acid on the first one I have ended up with BD that is cloudy. After heating the BD for drying it became spectrally clear and remained that way after cooling. I had given an extended waiting time of more than a week to see if it would clarify on it's own but this did not happen. After the clarification by heating I took it down to the freezing point and it remained clear after thawing. Then I did my first 5 gallon batch in a water heater. My reractor is a vacuum type and I use a circulation pump for mixing and washing etc. Again I obtained a good clear split but this time the BD clarified after heating (began to clear at about 50 deg. C. and I heated it to 135 deg C.) and I was shocked to see it cloudy the following day after it cooled. I reheated again this time to 170 deg. C. and it was better after cooling but not near as clear as the other 1 liter test batches. So questions: What is it exactly that causes the cloudiness? Is it water content? I notice the BD from the test batches after all is done has a smell similar to oil based paint or linseed oil but had a much sweeter aromatic smell while it was being heated. The large batch more so. Is this due to residual methanol (which I thought I completely removed after the reaction using vacuum distillation at 55 deg C and 25 in Hg)? Does the cloudiness indicate that the reaction was not correct (excess caustic?) I didn't have a problem with soaps. Any recommendations? Thanks in advance for any help you can offer Joe ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ biodiesel is hygroscopic. on cooling it absorbs water. if yopu want it to be clear try puttng an air tight lid on it. fox ___ Yahoo! Messenger - NEW crystal clear PC to PC calling worldwide with voicemail http://uk.messenger.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] maximum MPG
If you entirely neglect friction, the only place the energy is being put to use is in acceleration and going up hills, so mpg wouldn't be a meaningful measure of what is going on. You might be able to measure something like speed per gallon. And the heat from the radiator can't be put to any good use without violating the second law of thermodynamics. All energy is eventually wasted as heat. It is a reality we have to live with. Anyways, cars without friction are a very bad thing. Lots of accidents would happen. I think someone else posted a reference from which you could find good estimates for friction, etc. des [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I've read of some really fantastic claims of MPG in vehicles that are either proposed or promised, and my curiosity has been piqued. The question I have in mind that is bothering me is this:Let's say for a minute that we're developing a vehicle that doesn't use any fuel when it's not moving, the heat from its combustion is reclycled, (radiators being a waste of energy, blowing heat ...AKA energy you paid for... into the atmosphere) and the energy used to go up a hill is reclaimed when going down the other side, (like the hybrids do...) and, just for the numbers we'll design it to weigh 1000 pounds. (not much luxury or padding on this vehicle.) How might one figure the maximum MPG on this vehicle, considering the amount of energy stored in a gallon of gas (or diesel) and if all the energy in this gallon were to be used in propelling the vehicle forward? Assuming that none of this fuel is used to run headlights, charge battery, run a heater, air conditioning, or radio? I understand that friction is a reality, but for this thought experiment, let's assume friction free bearings, and 100% transfer of power from tires to asphalt also. Wish I could recall all the physics I learned in high school, but back then we were still trying to make an ark float.If someone could point me in the right direction for the formula for the amount of energy in a gallon of fuel and how far it could possibly push a specific mass in a perfect (theoretical) world, I would appreciate it.In the way that the Carnot cycle has its limits, I want to know what the limit for fuel efficiency on an infernal combustion engine is.Anyone?Thanks,doug swanson___Biofuel mailing listBiofuel@sustainablelists.orghttp://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.orgBiofuel at Journey to Forever:http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.htmlSearch the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages):http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/Send instant messages to your online friends http://uk.messenger.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
[Biofuel] Bush job ratings
President Bush: Job Ratings http://www.pollingreport.com/BushJob.htm --- Red Alert for Rove Diversionary Attack on America: Disapproval of Bush at high point. Karl's Got to Unite America Behind the Commander in Chief to Get Bush Out of the Polling Gutter, So It's Time for An Enemy to Threaten Our National Security. Right, Karl? http://www.buzzflash.com Poll: Disapproval of Bush at high point Jun 27, 2005 http://edition.cnn.com/2005/POLITICS/06/27/bush.poll/index.html (CNN) -- The number of Americans disapproving of President Bush's job performance has risen to the highest level of his presidency, according to the CNN/USA Today/Gallup poll released Monday. According to the poll, 53 percent of respondents said they disapproved of Bush's performance, compared to 45 percent who approved. The margin of error was plus or minus 3 percentage points. The 53 percent figure was the highest disapproval rating recorded in the CNN/USA Today/Gallup poll since Bush became president in January 2001. [more] ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] BD process question
Hello Joe Hello, I have a question about biodiesel processing I hope someone can help me with; I read the excellent info on the journey to forever site and checked the archives about washing etc. I am interested in using mechanical agitation to speed up the process of washing but I wonder if I am being too impatient or something. Did you see this post? http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/msg37937.html Re: [biofuel] Circulation with pump washing. Some background on what I am doing I have been using the single stage process so far. I started to learn with virgin canola oil and then went to waste canola oil from a local pub. In every case I have done my titrations carefully using a good quality burette and stock KOH solution carefully mixed using a laboratory grade electronic scale and DI water. When I did the 1 liter test batches I got a clean split with only 2 layers and after 4 washes with acetic acid on the first one I have ended up with BD that is cloudy. After heating the BD for drying it became spectrally clear and remained that way after cooling. I had given an extended waiting time of more than a week to see if it would clarify on it's own but this did not happen. It should have though, especially in mid-summer. After the clarification by heating I took it down to the freezing point and it remained clear after thawing. Then I did my first 5 gallon batch in a water heater. My reractor is a vacuum type and I use a circulation pump for mixing and washing etc. Again I obtained a good clear split but this time the BD clarified after heating (began to clear at about 50 deg. C. It should begin to clear at about 30 deg C, or less. and I heated it to 135 deg C.) Ouch! Too much heat! No need. and I was shocked to see it cloudy the following day after it cooled. I reheated again this time to 170 deg. C. and it was better after cooling but not near as clear as the other 1 liter test batches. So questions: What is it exactly that causes the cloudiness? Is it water content? Yes. It's almost always hazy after washing and needs a bit of time to settle. Leave it in the sun for a while. Or heat it to 50 deg C and let it cool in a vented container. This causes the microdroplets of water suspended in the fuel to evaporate off. You can do that twice if you need to, but you shouldn't need to. If that doesn't work and it goes hazy again you probably haven't washed it enough. Once the washed fuel is clear at room temperatures it is considered to be dry, although there will always be some water dissolved in it, not problem, unlike suspended water, which would be a problem. I notice the BD from the test batches after all is done has a smell similar to oil based paint or linseed oil but had a much sweeter aromatic smell while it was being heated. I don't think hot biodiesel fumes are very good for you. The smell is certainly more aromatic. The large batch more so. Is this due to residual methanol (which I thought I completely removed after the reaction using vacuum distillation at 55 deg C and 25 in Hg)? I'm afraid I'm a dumbo when it comes to vacuum, I don't know what that means. Did you let the glycerin by-product settle and separate it before distilling off the excess methanol? If you did it straight after the reaction you probably sent the reaction into reverse, converting soaps back into FFAs, which dissolve in the biodiesel and can't be washed out (and are not good for your motor). Either way, I doubt you'd succeed in removing all the excess methanol by distillation, most perhaps but not all. If you distilled it off with the by-product still in the reactor there'd still be quite a lot left in the by-product - without using vacuum you'd need to finish at a temperature of about 150 deg C to get it all, or nearly all. Anyway if you washed it thoroughly there won't be any methanol left. Does the cloudiness indicate that the reaction was not correct (excess caustic?) If it's really persistent it might do. But you haven't told us very much about what you did, titration etc. - how did you measure the pH? Did you measure the pH of the final batch of wash water? It should be the same as your tap water. There are quite a lot of variables in transferring a process from a one-litre test batch to a bigger processor. You might need to experiment with agitation times. What's the volume of your reactor, only five gallons? I didn't have a problem with soaps. Any recommendations? I don't think you have any major problems, you're doing well! Keep going, refine your methods and techniques through practice, keep doing comparative checks with the quality tests here: http://journeytoforever.org/biodiesel_vehicle.html#quality It's just a matter of time until you're making high-quality biodiesel that washes easily and dries easily too. Best wishes Keith Thanks in advance for any help you can offer Joe
RE: [Biofuel] Hybrid Diesel
Hello Rob I worked on the Ford P2000 DIATA diesel hybrid for a few years in the late 90's, as a engine control systems engineer. It was a research vehicle, part of the PNGV initiative. A pretty cool and functional hybrid -- a large 4-door car (larger inside than a Taurus) with reasonable power. I got around 60-70 mpg in real-world driving, a bit higher on the EPA test cycles. The engine and hybrid system were all pretty close to currently in-production stuff, with the exception of batteries and exhaust aftertreatment. The cost of the vehicle, though, was way high, much to high for a marketable car. To get the weight down to 2000 lbs curb weight, we had expensive aluminum, magnesium, and titanium components everywhere. Titanium lugnuts? $200 each. Magnesium wheels? I doubt it could have been produced for less than $50,000 US, even given economies of scale. They were succeeding in bring the prices down to near-marketability when the program was axed. I'm not sure about Ford's Prodigy, but the Dodge ESX3 PNGV diesel hybrid got down to about $27,500 by early 2000. http://www.detnews.com/2000/autos/0002/23/02230070.htm DaimlerChrysler cut the cost penalty from $60,000 down to $7,500. GM predicted that it would have production prototypes ready in 2004, with cars for sale to follow. Fun stuff to play with, though. Play? It is possible to produce a mid-size family sedan that gets 80 miles per gallon. It won't be cheap, said a Washington Post article on PNGV in 2001. What does cheap mean? As cheap as oil imports to the US are today, very much of which is wasted? Fuel economy hasn't improved in 20 years or more in the US, what's the cost of that exactly? An impossible dream? PNGV shows it's not impossible at all, even in the US. So, I don't think there is a magic vehicle being hidden from us. Not magic, but it's certainly been buried and it shouldn't have been. Did you read these? Driving In Circles http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/msg10943.html Fool Cells - How Detroit Plays Americans For A Bunch Of Suckers http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/msg20667.html See also the Mokhiber-Weissman review of Jack Doyle's book, Taken for a Ride: Detroit's Big Three and the Politics of Pollution: http://lists.essential.org/pipermail/corp-focus/2000/31.html Where's the technology now? It was intended to percolate into the general technology base in the US, they said it was doing exactly that, and instead it vanished. All told, of the 129 technology achievements and innovations arising from the Precept program, 47 of them are global industry firsts and about 75 percent have some sort of potential core product application. Nearly 40 of those achievements and innovations are in the propulsion system alone. Shelved. And you guys buy Insights and Prius's instead like a bunch of mugs. A Tale of Two Countries, by David Morris http://www.alternet.org/story.html?StoryID=17333 From one PNGV program report in 2000: Daimler Chrysler's Jim Holden said he drove to the press conference in a new Dodge Durango SUV with a hybrid gas electric power train that is 20 percent more fuel efficient than the conventional Durango. GM sells about 20,000 Durangos a year, Holden said, and with a little bit of help on the tax side, the hybrid Durango could be on the road in the very near term. The Big Three want Congress to pass legislation supported by the White House that would give a tax credit of up to $4,000 to consumers who buy these new, fuel efficient vehicles. But the tax credits go to SUVs. Unfortunately, Congress has refused to act on our package of consumer tax credits -- including credits of up to $4,000 for consumers to purchase the next generation of fuel efficient vehicles. - GM, 10/20/2000 I do agree, though, that that was a heck of an expensive program for the U.S. taxpayer. As expensive as today's oil consumption is proving to be, in so many different ways? And not just for the US taxpayer either. IIRC, under PNGV the US gave $70 million to each of the big 3 automakers to come up with these 'possible vehicles'. More than that I think. Funny how there's less and less to be seen about these vehicles and the PNGV program. I keep having to change/kill the links on our section on them at Journey to Forever. For instance, a new one, enter pngv at NREL's search page and you get this message (note the url): http://search.nrel.gov/go_away.html This page is intentionally blank. LOL! I did the search after finding that NREL's pages on PNGV had vanished. Best wishes Keith -- RobT -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Keith Addison Sent: Tuesday, June 28, 2005 2:19 AM To: Biofuel@sustainablelists.org Subject: Re: [Biofuel] Hybrid Diesel Hello Ted I'm interested in organizing a coalition around hybrid electric/biodiesel vehicles. Have you visited
Re: [Biofuel] maximum MPG
Doug, there are about 20,000 BTUs in a pound of gasoline, about 6 pounds to the U.S. gallon. A high school physics text and Marks' Handbook for Engineers (in the reference section of most larger libraries) will contain a lot of the information you might need. A text on internal combustion engines that is about as clearly and simply written as any such text can be is The High-Speed Internal Combustion Engine by Ricardo and Hempson, 5th edition 1956or 1957, publisher Blackie of Edinburgh. There are earlier editions by Ricardo alone. Recovering exhaust and coolant heat tends to be complicated and expensive. It's best not to lose it in the first place, but there are practical limits. Diesels have a definite advantage over conventional spark ignition gasoline engines in maximum efficiency, because they can operate at higher compression and therefore expansion ratios. However, where Diesels really shine is part load efficiency; gasoline engines suffer badly at part load. Designing the transmission and suspension (including tires) for comfort, handling and performance involves major losses. Opportunities for reducing aerodynamic losses involve belly pans (maintenance problems?) and attention to the flow from the belly to the sides. It seems that the flow separation at the rear can be reduced, but the vehicle may look odd. If you are near a university which has a mechanical engineering department, browsing the archive of the Journal of the Society pf Automotive Engineers might interest you. There is a British equivalent; if memory serves thirty years ago it was the Journal of the Society of Chartered Mechanical Engineers. Doug Woodard St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada On Tue, 28 Jun 2005, des wrote: I've read of some really fantastic claims of MPG in vehicles that are either proposed or promised, and my curiosity has been piqued. The question I have in mind that is bothering me is this: Let's say for a minute that we're developing a vehicle that doesn't use any fuel when it's not moving, the heat from its combustion is reclycled, (radiators being a waste of energy, blowing heat ...AKA energy you paid for... into the atmosphere) and the energy used to go up a hill is reclaimed when going down the other side, (like the hybrids do...) and, just for the numbers we'll design it to weigh 1000 pounds. (not much luxury or padding on this vehicle.) How might one figure the maximum MPG on this vehicle, considering the amount of energy stored in a gallon of gas (or diesel) and if all the energy in this gallon were to be used in propelling the vehicle forward? Assuming that none of this fuel is used to run headlights, charge battery, run a heater, air conditioning, or radio? I understand that friction is a reality, but for this thought experiment, let's assume friction free bearings, and 100% transfer of power from tires to asphalt also. Wish I could recall all the physics I learned in high school, but back then we were still trying to make an ark float. If someone could point me in the right direction for the formula for the amount of energy in a gallon of fuel and how far it could possibly push a specific mass in a perfect (theoretical) world, I would appreciate it. In the way that the Carnot cycle has its limits, I want to know what the limit for fuel efficiency on an infernal combustion engine is. Anyone? Thanks, doug swanson ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
RE: [Biofuel] Hybrid Diesel
Title: RE: [Biofuel] Hybrid Diesel solomon technologies has a hybrid Sailboat /diesel/electic system. the largest shipping motor they have in production is a 12 hp but they have a 20 hp 1000rpm engine in testing right now. We have been in discussions with them about a hybrid system for a sailboat my brother and I are starting construction on next summer. however the 20 hp MIGHT be really good for a car as well as it does regenerative chrging when the sailboat is under sail. http://www.solomontechnologies.com interesting reading regardless. mel ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
[Biofuel] fuel efficient cars
I don't recall the electric vehicle results and these are not your typical cars -- PHYSICS AT WORK FUEL-EFFICIENT CAR -- TEAM CROCODILE and SHELL ECO-MARATHON 2821 miles per Imperial gallon using a 26 cc engine in 2001. http://www-outreach.phy.cam.ac.uk/physics_at_work_2003/exhibitor/team_crocodile.htm Fuel Cell Car Wins Shell Eco-marathon 24 May 2005 http://www.greencarcongress.com/conferences_and_other_events/ 20th edition of Shell Eco-Marathon - 3410 km with 1 liter of petrol by the Lycée de la Joliverie May 17, 2004 http://www.auto-innovations.com/actu-news/089.html SHELL ECO-MARATHON - another world record set at Rockingham 10 Jul 2003 New fuel economy record set at the Shell Eco-Marathon Previous record smashed as car travels 10,705 miles on one [UK] gallon of fuel http://www.rockingham.co.uk/latest_news_details.cfm?ReleaseID=316 Previous European Competitions with photos and results (1995-2004) in kilometres per litre, etc. http://www.sci.fi/~fmmc/fmmcEng.html Mileage Marathon Related Web-Sites around the world. http://www.sci.fi/~fmmc/links.html Welcome to Shell Eco-Marathon http://www.shelleco-marathon.com ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
[Biofuel] Off-topic but useful: New web-site for policy wonks
Thanks to Jack Stilwell of leftbio. Doug Woodard St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada -- Forwarded message -- Congressional Policy Briefings Available Online It's a bit like Napster -- but for policy wonks. A Washington research group has created a Web site where the public can read, submit and download the difficult-to-find public policy briefs members of Congress use to get up to speed on issues. This is a newspaper article about the new website and the circumstances surounding it: http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/06/27/AR2005062701509.html?referrer=email and this is the website itself: http://www.opencrs.com ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
[Biofuel] VW 1-liter concept car -was: maximum MPG
There's some more below . . . 3 page vwvortex.com write-up without photos -- Volkswagen 1-liter Concept Volkswagen presents the world's first 1-liter car compiled by: Jamie Vondruska Last edited: 04.16.02 - 01:00 April 16, 2002 http://web.archive.org/web/20020607083010/http://www.vwvortex.com/news/index_1L.html http://web.archive.org/web/20030410193235/http://www.vwvortex.com/news/04_02/04_17/index.shtml http://web.archive.org/web/20020808080141/http://www.vwvortex.com/news/04_02/04_17/page2.shtml 7 page write-up with photos -- 2002 Volkswagen 1-Litre Concept Car by Susan Powelson , Canadian Auto Press July 19, 2003 http://www.auto123.com/en/info/news/prototype,view,Volkswagen.spy?artid=14613pg=1 VW Abandons its 1-liter Car Project April 15, 2005 http://www.greencarcongress.com/2005/04/vw_abandons_its.html ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
[Biofuel] Workshop - Run Your Car on Veggie Oil!
Run Your Car on Veggie Oil! Reply to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Date: 2005-06-18, 9:34PM PDT Run Your Car on Veggie Oil! Day-long Workshop with ORGANIC MECHANICS WE WILL OBSERVE AND PARTICIPATE IN THE INSTALLATION OF A VEGETABLE OIL CONVERSION SYSTEM THAT ALLOWS DIESEL VEHICLES TO RUN ON VEGETABLE OIL Sunday, July 24, 2005 10 am - 6 pm Energy Park 3 Casteel Lane Willits, CA $40.00 per person / 20 person capacity Call to reserve a space! Frieda 707-937-2490 / Blest 707-354-0692 [EMAIL PROTECTED] ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
[Biofuel] magnetic stir bars.
Has anyone created a home made magnetic stir plate? I am scaling up from lab scale 100 mL batches to a 5 gallon reactor, and have some ideas for a homemade magnetic stir plate in lieu of the more typical agitation methods, and I wanted to see if others have gone down this path with any success (or failure).Send instant messages to your online friends http://uk.messenger.yahoo.com ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] BD process question
Hi Keith See my answers below; Keith Addison wrote: Hello Joe Hello, I have a question about biodiesel processing I hope someone can help me with; I read the excellent info on the journey to forever site and checked the archives about washing etc. I am interested in using mechanical agitation to speed up the process of washing but I wonder if I am being too impatient or something. Did you see this post? http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/msg37937.html Re: [biofuel] Circulation with pump washing. I just read it. Thanks. I don't think hot biodiesel fumes are very good for you. The smell is certainly more aromatic. This is the first I have heard of this. I thought I read on JtoF that BD is completely non toxic. I'm afraid I'm a dumbo when it comes to vacuum, I don't know what that means. Did you let the glycerin by-product settle and separate it before distilling off the excess methanol? If you did it straight after the reaction you probably sent the reaction into reverse, converting soaps back into FFAs, which dissolve in the biodiesel and can't be washed out (and are not good for your motor). Either way, I doubt you'd succeed in removing all the excess methanol by distillation, most perhaps but not all. If you distilled it off with the by-product still in the reactor there'd still be quite a lot left in the by-product - without using vacuum you'd need to finish at a temperature of about 150 deg C to get it all, or nearly all. Anyway if you washed it thoroughly there won't be any methanol left. I let the glycerine settle overnight and then I turned the rercirc pump back on and mixed it all up while heating to 55 deg C. Then I used vacuum until the distillate stopped and then vented and allowed it to separate again. I drained off the glycerin and added hot tap water ( I used deionized water in my test batches that is one difference) and recirculated for about an hour. After washing I would let it separate for two hours and then drain the water and repeat. I used 3 wash cycles. The last wash water came out almost clear. Does the cloudiness indicate that the reaction was not correct (excess caustic?) If it's really persistent it might do. But you haven't told us very much about what you did, titration etc. - how did you measure the pH? Did you measure the pH of the final batch of wash water? It should be the same as your tap water. There are quite a lot of variables in transferring a process from a one-litre test batch to a bigger processor. You might need to experiment with agitation times. What's the volume of your reactor, only five gallons? I used phenolthalien (a few drops) in 4 ml oil mixed with 40 ml IPA. I stopeed when the color lasted 10 seconds. I don't have my lab book with me at work here but I think it came out around 3.5 ml of 0.1 % KOH soln per ml. Following the recommendations regarding the assay of my KOH I ended up deciding on 10.6 g KOH per liter of oil for my process. I did get a good clean split this way. I haven't tried reducing the concentration of caustic yet. I haven't measured the was water ph. I will do this. Yes my batch reactor is pitifully small. It is a 36 liter hot water tank. Since I walk to work year round my fuel needs are relatively low and my Golf TDI sips fuel rather than being a big gulper so I opted to build a small system that fits in my basement. I use forced exhaust to take any fumes away from the methoxide mixing and the vacuum pump exhaust when it is running. So far it works ok except I guess I am pushing the process just a tad with regard to the washing and drying. I'll give it more time next time and see if it improves. Thanks for your suggestions. Joe ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
[Biofuel] Freedom from oil?
Happy day List! I just received that link www.freedomfromoil.com/and I support their effort. Pass it on! Declare your independance from oil! Felix ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
[Biofuel] Hybrid Diesel
I believe that Daimler-Chrysler has been working on diesel hybrids for some time. Their new R Class Grand Sports Tourer was originally a diesel hybrid, and it looks as if this may ultimately be available here. The R Class is being introduced this year in the US I think, as a gasoline model. I've also read that D-C is involved in a large project involving production of bio-diesel with some fuel company. Not sure about this, but it has seemed to me that D-C is VERY much on the march to soon produce diesel hybrid vehicles. As for high cost and titanium lug nuts...if Ford can already field a gas hybrid SUV at a marketable cost, why on earth would a diesel hybrid be more costly and/or need special metals? Doug ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] VW Diesel
Chris, Many thanks. Bob A. - Original Message - From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: Biofuel@sustainablelists.org Sent: Sunday, June 26, 2005 3:28 PM Subject: Re: [Biofuel] VW Diesel hi, bob. wvo = waste vegetable oil svo = straight vegetable oil biod = biodiesel dino = petroleum-based fuel (or so i infer) e85 = 85% ethanol fuel (the norm in the u.s.a. is 10% max) e100 = 100% ethanol vw diesel simply refers to a vw diesel. i think that about covers it. -chris b. ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/ ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
RE: [Biofuel] Hybrid Diesel
I think a lot of 'facts' thrown around about those PNGV hybrids were actually computer projected performance statistics, not actual measurements. That was certainly true for Ford and Chrysler at least. Chrysler was reporting fuel economy results well before they had any driveable vehicle, and Ford stuck with their computer-generated 80mpg predictions for maybe a year after learning that the actual vehicle was ending up around 65-70mpg. At Ford, some of the hybrid vehicle development systems did percolate from the PNGV research program to the Ford Escape hybrid production program. Different priorities and much lower fuel economy there, although it does a decent job of improving the fuel economy of the base vehicle. About the marketplace and the technology, though: Even manufacturers who do have high fuel economy technology, and have put it into large-scale production, aren't bringing these vehicles to the US. The VW Lupo and Smart cars come to mind first, just because I've seen or read about them recently. It seems to me that barriers to this technology making it from the research lab to the showroom (in the US) include: - lazy manufacturers (already tooled up for high-profit-margin trucks and SUVs, why change?) - lazy consumers (everyone else drives a big truck, I think I'll get me one too) - legal hurdles (difficult to emissions-certify diesel cars in the US, and crash-test certify small cars) I don't mean to support the US manufacturers or market system too much, though. I quit working for Ford out of frustration years ago, moved out of the city, and currently drive a Mexican-made VW TDI diesel that was cheap, and gets 49-50 mpg(US). -- Rob -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Keith Addison Sent: Tuesday, June 28, 2005 12:31 PM To: biofuel@sustainablelists.org Subject: RE: [Biofuel] Hybrid Diesel Hello Rob I worked on the Ford P2000 DIATA diesel hybrid for a few years in the late 90's, as a engine control systems engineer. It was a research vehicle, part of the PNGV initiative. A pretty cool and functional hybrid -- a large 4-door car (larger inside than a Taurus) with reasonable power. I got around 60-70 mpg in real-world driving, a bit higher on the EPA test cycles. The engine and hybrid system were all pretty close to currently in-production stuff, with the exception of batteries and exhaust aftertreatment. The cost of the vehicle, though, was way high, much to high for a marketable car. To get the weight down to 2000 lbs curb weight, we had expensive aluminum, magnesium, and titanium components everywhere. Titanium lugnuts? $200 each. Magnesium wheels? I doubt it could have been produced for less than $50,000 US, even given economies of scale. They were succeeding in bring the prices down to near-marketability when the program was axed. I'm not sure about Ford's Prodigy, but the Dodge ESX3 PNGV diesel hybrid got down to about $27,500 by early 2000. http://www.detnews.com/2000/autos/0002/23/02230070.htm DaimlerChrysler cut the cost penalty from $60,000 down to $7,500. GM predicted that it would have production prototypes ready in 2004, with cars for sale to follow. Fun stuff to play with, though. Play? It is possible to produce a mid-size family sedan that gets 80 miles per gallon. It won't be cheap, said a Washington Post article on PNGV in 2001. What does cheap mean? As cheap as oil imports to the US are today, very much of which is wasted? Fuel economy hasn't improved in 20 years or more in the US, what's the cost of that exactly? An impossible dream? PNGV shows it's not impossible at all, even in the US. So, I don't think there is a magic vehicle being hidden from us. Not magic, but it's certainly been buried and it shouldn't have been. Did you read these? Driving In Circles http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/msg10943.html Fool Cells - How Detroit Plays Americans For A Bunch Of Suckers http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/msg20667.html See also the Mokhiber-Weissman review of Jack Doyle's book, Taken for a Ride: Detroit's Big Three and the Politics of Pollution: http://lists.essential.org/pipermail/corp-focus/2000/31.html Where's the technology now? It was intended to percolate into the general technology base in the US, they said it was doing exactly that, and instead it vanished. All told, of the 129 technology achievements and innovations arising from the Precept program, 47 of them are global industry firsts and about 75 percent have some sort of potential core product application. Nearly 40 of those achievements and innovations are in the propulsion system alone. Shelved. And you guys buy Insights and Prius's instead like a bunch of mugs. A Tale of Two Countries, by David Morris http://www.alternet.org/story.html?StoryID=17333 From one PNGV program report in 2000: Daimler Chrysler's Jim Holden said he drove
[Biofuel] (no subject)
hi could anyone tell me if its possible to use biodiesel in a 1993 cummins b5.9 turbo diesel in my rv,the pro,s and cons ,of using the fuel,things to be aware of and any usefull information terry whyton ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] maximum MPG
Recovering exhaust and coolant heat tends to be complicated and expensive. It's best not to lose it in the first place, but there are practical limits. I was curious about using vegetable oil as the engine lubricant as well. Apparently it has been looked at and the lubricity is great but the oil breaks down quickly at high temperatures. The idea occured to me that an engine could be designed that passes veggie oil through the engine as a lubricant and even a coolant on its way to the combustion chamber. That way it is always fresh oil and engine heat is put to good use heating the oil before injecting it. No more changing oil filters and draining dirty oil. Of course the final fuel filter would need changing more often though. This doesn't technically improve the efficiency of the engine but it recovers useful energy which would otherwise be wasted and improves the overall system efficiency in a sense. Running out of fuel would not be recommended with an engine of this type...hmmm Joe ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Re: Environmentalism is dead. What's next?
sorry, i forgot who originally wrote this in reply response to my earlier statement, but i have to echo k's comment. what you refer to is the 'social contract', as many historians like to call it, which formed the basis of feudalism. serfs were bound to their lords, as you say. they had to provide the rents (or skilled labor if they were ablacksmith or mason, etc.)which supported their lords' lifestyle and privileges. in exchange, they essentially were allowed to live. but they were not--at least not usually--bound in chains. they could leave if they were so resolved. not in broad daylight, of course, and as i said there were many factors which complicated matters. but there was nothing like today's institutionalized controls on a person's movements. -chris Before the Black Death serfs were bound to their lords, not allowed toleave, move house or marry with his permission. Serfdom was just anothername for slavery. Chris.Only before the Black Death? ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
[Biofuel] Mystery logo
I saw a few logos stamped on the inside of the gas tank fuel door of my vehicle, a 2003 Dodge Caravan SE. One of them, I found out is E85, the symbol for ethanol 85. Another symbol, which is a mystery to me, represents the letter i stamped on the right page of a book. Any ideas as to the meaning of the i inside a book symbol? ___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
Re: [Biofuel] Re: Environmentalism is dead. What's next?
From: Rousseau, Jean-Jacques: The Social Contract (1762) http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~wldciv/world_civ_reader/world_civ_reader_2/rousseau.html "Man is born free; and everywhere he is in chains. One thinks himself the master of others, and still remains a greater slave than they." Perhaps more importantly... "But, as men cannot engender new forces, but only unite and direct existing ones, they have no other means of preserving themselves than the formation, by aggregation, of a sum of forces great enough to overcome the resistance. These they have to bring into play by means of a single motive power, and cause to act in concert. (2)" Isn't it ironic that Franklin once said "We must all hang together or assuredly we will all hang separately" since it's our government who (IMO) would prefer to see us divided. Times have changed, haven't they. ...Mike [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: sorry, i forgot who originally wrote this in reply response to my earlier statement, but i have to echo k's comment. what you refer to is the 'social contract', as many historians like to call it, which formed the basis of feudalism. serfs were bound to their lords, as you say. they had to provide the rents (or skilled labor if they were ablacksmith or mason, etc.)which supported their lords' lifestyle and privileges. in exchange, they essentially were allowed to live. but they were not--at least not usually--bound in chains. they could leave if they were so resolved. not in broad daylight, of course, and as i said there were many factors which complicated matters. but there was nothing like today's institutionalized controls on a person's movements. -chris Before the Black Death serfs were bound to their lords, not allowed toleave, move house or marry with his permission. Serfdom was just anothername for slavery. Chris.Only before the Black Death?___Biofuel mailing listBiofuel@sustainablelists.orghttp://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.orgBiofuel at Journey to Forever:http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.htmlSearch the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages):http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/___ Biofuel mailing list Biofuel@sustainablelists.org http://sustainablelists.org/mailman/listinfo/biofuel_sustainablelists.org Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Search the combined Biofuel and Biofuels-biz list archives (50,000 messages): http://www.mail-archive.com/biofuel@sustainablelists.org/
