Re: [Vo]:Re:LENR transmutation may be subject to quantum mechanical superposition.

[mixent]

In reply to  Axil Axil's message of Sat, 11 May 2019 23:40:53 -0400:
Hi,
[snip]
>The  ferrosilicon chemistry
>
>https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/silicon-monoxide
>
>as per its reference as follows:
>
>Production of Ferroalloys
>
>
>Rauf Hurman Eric, in Treatise on Process Metallurgy: Industrial Processes
>, 2014
>1.10.4.7.2 Fundamental Aspects
>
[snip]
>
>Sorry, but  the only chemically carbon bound compounds invoked with
>ferrosilicon
>chemistry is CO and SiC.

Normally yes. However this may throw more light on the subject:-

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metal_carbonyl

& 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triiron_dodecacarbonyl which is a solid.

Regards,


Robin van Spaandonk

local asymmetry = temporary success

Re: [Vo]:Re:LENR transmutation may be subject to quantum mechanical superposition.

[Axil Axil]

Why do microbs live through fusion and fission reactions during
transmutation of elements. This transmutation process can not be denied.
But no one has explained how LENR works in microbs and why these reactions
produce no detectable energy.


Fusions and also fissions of atoms occur inside the bodies of living
beings. Although very few in number, these biological transmutations
reactions involve a large number of species, from bacteria to mammals, in
several biological processes that control and are essential for the life
processes of these organisms.

Researchers began to observe atoms conservation anomalies from the
time conservation
of matter was understood before 1800. It is only from 1959 that some
researchers have understood that transmutations could explain biologic
abnormalities. Since 1975, confirmation and publication of scientific works
by Louis Kervran can be considered to have proven the existence of this
phenomenon, but in 2014, it still has no confirmed theoretical explanation.

This biological effect seems to combine:

   - a chemical reaction
   - a low-energy interaction of atomic nuclei
   - and a catalysis (specific) which favors them in a biological process.

>From 1799 to 1873 researchers asked themselves whether these transmutations
exist. From 1959 to 1972 they have been proven by more than 6,000
elementary experiments. In 2003 Jean-Paul Biberian took stock of all the
atoms involved in one bacterium. Since then some researchers have been
wondering how to use these biological transmutations to reduce pollution by
conventional radioactive waste.

A french site describe this history with many references. Some interesting
points listed here are:

   - The reactions observed in biology are based mostly on mergers and
   fissions with hydrogen, oxygen or carbon and involve at least: H, C, N, O,
   Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S , K, Ca, Mn, Fe.
   - Many of these reactions are reversible, that is to say made also in
   the other direction by other biological processes.
   - Only certain isotopes are concerned and the products are all stable
   isotopes.
   - When these biological atomic nuclear reactions, we failed to detect
   radiation typically produced by high energy reactions (alpha, beta, gamma,
   X-rays).
   - They only use nuclear interactions called low energy.
   - They are accompanied by a variation in mass in agreement with the
   average binding energy.
   - These reactions are slow.
   - They occur in biological processes.
   - *The residual thermal effect is very small and does not interfere with
   living beings.*
   - Louis Kervran has noted these reactions following this example Mg + O:
   = Ca ([1]
   

p
   111)
   - They respect the principle of conservation of matter, they will
   integrate the correspondence mass-energy (E = mc2) of relativity and change
   the invariance principle becomes: In biological transmutations, the
   physico-chemical reactions retain the number of nucleons but alter the
   chemical element composition.
   - They occur perhaps in geological processes, or in a neighboring
   phenomenon called “Cold Fusion” (Cold Fusion). In these cases the
   conditions are quite different pressures and temperatures and are not
   compatible with life.


Vysotskii et al. studied the potential of bacterial transmutations for
clean up of nuclear waste.

On Sat, May 11, 2019 at 11:40 PM Axil Axil  wrote:

> The  ferrosilicon chemistry
>
> https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/silicon-monoxide
>
> as per its reference as follows:
>
> Production of Ferroalloys
> 
>
> Rauf Hurman Eric, in Treatise on Process Metallurgy: Industrial Processes
> , 2014
> 1.10.4.7.2 Fundamental Aspects
>
> The overall reaction for the reduction of silica with carbon is simple,
> but it involves the absorption of considerable quantity of heat as well as
> attainment of very high temperature in order that the reaction:
> (1.10.75)SiO2+2C=Si+2CO
>
> shall proceed to the right. The standard Gibbs free energy change is zero
> at 1937 K so that a temperature well in excess of this is needed to drive
> the reaction in a forward direction. In reality, however, the above
> reaction does not represent the actual mechanism of the reduction process
> that occurs through a number of intermediate ones, the principal ones being:
> (1.10.76)SiO2+3C=SiC+2CO
>
> and
> (1.10.77)SiO2+C=SiOg+CO
>
> It is noteworthy to see that reaction (1.10.77) produces silicon monoxide gas
> at high temperatures which due to its gaseous nature may result in silicon
> losses if not properly handled and engineered during the process in the
> submerged arc furnace. Reaction (1.10.76)-producing silicon carbide
>  is
> well-known to occur and 

Re: [Vo]:Re:LENR transmutation may be subject to quantum mechanical superposition.

[Axil Axil]

The  ferrosilicon chemistry

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/silicon-monoxide

as per its reference as follows:

Production of Ferroalloys


Rauf Hurman Eric, in Treatise on Process Metallurgy: Industrial Processes
, 2014
1.10.4.7.2 Fundamental Aspects

The overall reaction for the reduction of silica with carbon is simple, but
it involves the absorption of considerable quantity of heat as well as
attainment of very high temperature in order that the reaction:
(1.10.75)SiO2+2C=Si+2CO

shall proceed to the right. The standard Gibbs free energy change is zero
at 1937 K so that a temperature well in excess of this is needed to drive
the reaction in a forward direction. In reality, however, the above
reaction does not represent the actual mechanism of the reduction process
that occurs through a number of intermediate ones, the principal ones being:
(1.10.76)SiO2+3C=SiC+2CO

and
(1.10.77)SiO2+C=SiOg+CO

It is noteworthy to see that reaction (1.10.77) produces silicon monoxide gas
at high temperatures which due to its gaseous nature may result in silicon
losses if not properly handled and engineered during the process in the
submerged arc furnace. Reaction (1.10.76)-producing silicon carbide
 is
well-known to occur and accretions of silicon carbide
 are
found in the cooler parts of a furnace when it is shut down and dug out.
The reaction is favored by an excess of carbon in the charge. The reason
why silicon carbide is not found in the hotter parts of the furnace is
probably because it reacts at a high temperature with silicon monoxide as
well as with silica itself:
(1.10.78)SiC+SiOg=2Si+CO
(1.10.79)2SiC+SiO2=3Si+2CO

The silicon monoxide reaction (1.10.77) is favored by a deficiency of
carbon, and in a furnace operated with a cool top much of this is condensed
on the carbon particles
 to
be reduced to metal on their descent in the furnace. It can thus be
postulated that the overall reaction probably takes place in two stages,
namely the formation of silicon carbide in the upper relatively cooler
parts of the charge followed by reaction with silicon monoxide as well as
with silica in the hotter regions in the vicinity of electrodes, eventually
producing liquid silicon.

In the making of ferrosilicon
, the
reduction process is facilitated because the solution of silicon in liquid
iron is a process with a favorable free energy change as well as with an
exothermic enthalpy change, so the reduction can take place at a lower
temperature; for example, the change in free energy where pure liquid
silicon dissolves to give a 1% solution:
(1.10.80)Sil=Si1%ΔG°=−119,240–25.48TJ/mol
at smelting temperatures. Obviously for concentrated solutions, the
activity of silicon dissolved in iron needs to be taken in account in
calculating the free energy change in any particular set of conditions. In
fact, when making low silicon alloys
 (high
Fe content-dilute solutions), the presence of silicon carbide is not
detected in contrast to the making of silicon metal. The occurrence of
silicon carbide, especially on the hearth, will require the charging of an
excess of silica for a time in an attempt to clear and eventually convert
it to silicon metal or the charging of iron oxide (generally mill scale)
and a reversion of the process to manufacturing ferrosilicon until the SiC
accretions have been eliminated.

Besides ferrosilicon, three compounds are produced: SiO, CO, and SiC.

Sorry, but  the only chemically carbon bound compounds invoked with
ferrosilicon
chemistry is CO and SiC.

I know it very hard to disabuse your years long assumption about the nature
of the LENR reaction. Such misconceptions are a huge stumbling block to
understanding the true nature of the LENR reaction.

On Sat, May 11, 2019 at 9:37 PM  wrote:

> In reply to  Axil Axil's message of Sat, 11 May 2019 02:18:14 -0400:
> Hi,
> [snip]
> >I don't beleive that the suspension of the CO gas in Fe-Si exists after my
> >search. Please provide a link to your reference.
> [snip]
> It wouldn't be a gas while chemically bound in the solid. It only becomes
> a gas
> when the solid is acted upon by other chemicals, such as would likely be
> the
> case during analysis or use of the Fe-Si.
>
> I don't have a reference for the specific compound. The only references I
> had
> were those already mentioned in a previous post for iron & silicon
> carbonyl, and
> a vague reference to a possible ferro-silicon carbonyl:-
>
> 

[Vo]:Re: GoFundMe: Geiger Counter + Lab Tour to Test Atom-Ecology Claimed Energy Source

[Kevin O'Malley]

https://www.gofundme.com/8nmynh-geiger?teamInvite=WC66VANcJqCD05UmM6byRPSAQOc6WHY1zMnMFDuwZkswE1QewWCy5ezPYj5IT06O

On 5/11/19, Kevin O'Malley  wrote:
> Geiger Counter + Lab Tour to Test Atom-Ecology Claimed Energy Source
>
>
> I'm setting up a GoFundMe campaign to buy a gamma spectrometer and go
> to London to test these cells, per Alan's invitation.   It would make
> sense for someone more qualified to make the visit , take the
> measurements, and generate the YouTube video.   Hint:   Jed.
>
> Alan Smith and his team claim to be generating Gamma Rays above
> background noise radiation on a chemical fuel cell, which is
> impossible.  He has invited anyone with the means to come and test his
> cells.
>
> http://atom-ecology.russgeorge.net/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/2018-05-10-3.png
>
> https://www.lenr-forum.com/forum/thread/5597-atom-ecology/?pageNo=99
>
> http://atom-ecology.russgeorge.net/2018/09/22/have-cold-fusion-will-travel/
>
>   I intend to purchase a Gamma Spectrometer, travel to London and
> visit his laboratory, and test his claim, to see for myself.  I will
> post a video on YouTube , one way or another, whether it debunks his
> claim or supports it.
>
> I do not have to be the one going to London to do this.  Anyone near
> there can use this money and visit the lab , as long as they
> demonstrate they know how to use a spectrometer, per Alan's
> invitation.   When we are done with testing the devices, we will
> donate the spectrometer to the Martin Fleischmann Memorial Project or
> use it for further testing/debunking of claims.
>
> The time has come for independent testing of some of these types of
> energy cells.  If they are real, they will be a tremendous energy
> breakthrough.   If they are not real, you will help to stop energy
> related scams.
>

[Vo]:GoFundMe: Geiger Counter + Lab Tour to Test Atom-Ecology Claimed Energy Source

[Kevin O'Malley]

Geiger Counter + Lab Tour to Test Atom-Ecology Claimed Energy Source


I'm setting up a GoFundMe campaign to buy a gamma spectrometer and go
to London to test these cells, per Alan's invitation.   It would make
sense for someone more qualified to make the visit , take the
measurements, and generate the YouTube video.   Hint:   Jed.

Alan Smith and his team claim to be generating Gamma Rays above
background noise radiation on a chemical fuel cell, which is
impossible.  He has invited anyone with the means to come and test his
cells.

http://atom-ecology.russgeorge.net/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/2018-05-10-3.png

https://www.lenr-forum.com/forum/thread/5597-atom-ecology/?pageNo=99

http://atom-ecology.russgeorge.net/2018/09/22/have-cold-fusion-will-travel/

  I intend to purchase a Gamma Spectrometer, travel to London and
visit his laboratory, and test his claim, to see for myself.  I will
post a video on YouTube , one way or another, whether it debunks his
claim or supports it.

I do not have to be the one going to London to do this.  Anyone near
there can use this money and visit the lab , as long as they
demonstrate they know how to use a spectrometer, per Alan's
invitation.   When we are done with testing the devices, we will
donate the spectrometer to the Martin Fleischmann Memorial Project or
use it for further testing/debunking of claims.

The time has come for independent testing of some of these types of
energy cells.  If they are real, they will be a tremendous energy
breakthrough.   If they are not real, you will help to stop energy
related scams.

Re: [Vo]:Re:LENR transmutation may be subject to quantum mechanical superposition.

[mixent]

In reply to  Axil Axil's message of Sat, 11 May 2019 02:18:14 -0400:
Hi,
[snip]
>I don't beleive that the suspension of the CO gas in Fe-Si exists after my
>search. Please provide a link to your reference.
[snip]
It wouldn't be a gas while chemically bound in the solid. It only becomes a gas
when the solid is acted upon by other chemicals, such as would likely be the
case during analysis or use of the Fe-Si.

I don't have a reference for the specific compound. The only references I had
were those already mentioned in a previous post for iron & silicon carbonyl, and
a vague reference to a possible ferro-silicon carbonyl:-
https://books.google.com.au/books?id=8vs3IAAJ=PA235=PA235=%22silicon+carbonyl%22=bl=fuTYln3jPN=ACfU3U174UTIgXFSg4R6BqiqDvTbvhufBg=en=X=2ahUKEwjb0tuk5ZTiAhVVi3AKHXvpAl04ChDoATADegQICRAB#v=onepage=%22silicon%20carbonyl%22=false

Nevertheless I still think a chemical explanation is more likely than a
transmutation based explanation.

Regards,


Robin van Spaandonk

local asymmetry = temporary success

Re: [Vo]:Re:LENR transmutation may be subject to quantum mechanical superposition.

[mixent]

In reply to  Axil Axil's message of Sat, 11 May 2019 03:31:07 -0400:
Hi,
[snip]
>A ton of CO2 would fill a modest one story ranch house with a footprint of
>1250 sq feet and an average height of 13 feet.
>
>4.5 tons of CO would require  73,125 cubic feet. How could that volume of
>gas be contained  inside 24.5 tons of Fe-Si.
[snip
That would be true of a gas, however not if the CO is chemically bound.
Note that e.g. Fe(CO)5 a liquid under standard conditions. Clearly the volume is
then much smaller.
Regards,


Robin van Spaandonk

local asymmetry = temporary success

RE: [Vo]:Math Scholar paper on LENR

[bobcook39...@hotmail.com]

He or she  may be afraid of repercussions.

Bob Cook


From: Jed Rothwell 
Sent: Friday, May 10, 2019 12:21:40 PM
To: Vortex
Subject: Re: [Vo]:Math Scholar paper on LENR

bobcook39...@hotmail.com 
mailto:bobcook39...@hotmail.com>> wrote:

Jed—

Do you know who wrote the Math Scholar item on LENR?

No idea. I looked around the website to find the author. It is a little odd 
that the author is not listed.

Re: [Vo]:Re:LENR transmutation may be subject to quantum mechanical superposition.

[Axil Axil]

A ton of CO2 would fill a modest one story ranch house with a footprint of
1250 sq feet and an average height of 13 feet.

4.5 tons of CO would require  73,125 cubic feet. How could that volume of
gas be contained  inside 24.5 tons of Fe-Si.

On Sat, May 11, 2019 at 3:05 AM Axil Axil  wrote:

> I found the ferrosilicon reaction description.
>
> scan on ferrosilicon for placement in the article.
>
> https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/silicon-monoxide
>
> On Sat, May 11, 2019 at 2:18 AM Axil Axil  wrote:
>
>> I could only find the  Carbon-Iron-Silicon Ternary Alloy Phase Diagram
>> (based on 2008 Shaposhnikov N.G.)
>>
>> *Diagram Type:* ternary, vertical section
>>
>> *Concentration range:* partial composition; Fe97Si3-C0.08Fe96.92Si3
>>
>> *Temperature:* 200.0 - 1100.0 °C
>>
>> *Nature of investigation:* calculated
>>
>> *Remarks:* metastable equilibrium for C-Fe
>>
>>
>> I don't beleive that the suspension of the CO gas in Fe-Si exists after
>> my search. Please provide a link to your reference.
>>
>> On Sat, May 11, 2019 at 12:19 AM  wrote:
>>
>>> In reply to  Axil Axil's message of Sat, 11 May 2019 00:00:13 -0400:
>>> Hi,
>>> [snip]
>>> >Fe-Si is used to produce cast iron as a purifying agent. Fe-Si is used
>>> to
>>> >remove carbon from the cast iron melt. If the Fe-Si were contaminated
>>> with
>>> >high levels of carbon, then the carbon would render the cast iron out of
>>> >spec.The final product produced by  the customer of the smelter would be
>>> >steel.
>>>
>>> The carbon isn't in the form of elemental carbon, it's in the form of CO.
>>> Regards,
>>>
>>>
>>> Robin van Spaandonk
>>>
>>> local asymmetry = temporary success
>>>
>>>

Re: [Vo]:Re:LENR transmutation may be subject to quantum mechanical superposition.

[Axil Axil]

I found the ferrosilicon reaction description.

scan on ferrosilicon for placement in the article.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/silicon-monoxide

On Sat, May 11, 2019 at 2:18 AM Axil Axil  wrote:

> I could only find the  Carbon-Iron-Silicon Ternary Alloy Phase Diagram
> (based on 2008 Shaposhnikov N.G.)
>
> *Diagram Type:* ternary, vertical section
>
> *Concentration range:* partial composition; Fe97Si3-C0.08Fe96.92Si3
>
> *Temperature:* 200.0 - 1100.0 °C
>
> *Nature of investigation:* calculated
>
> *Remarks:* metastable equilibrium for C-Fe
>
>
> I don't beleive that the suspension of the CO gas in Fe-Si exists after my
> search. Please provide a link to your reference.
>
> On Sat, May 11, 2019 at 12:19 AM  wrote:
>
>> In reply to  Axil Axil's message of Sat, 11 May 2019 00:00:13 -0400:
>> Hi,
>> [snip]
>> >Fe-Si is used to produce cast iron as a purifying agent. Fe-Si is used to
>> >remove carbon from the cast iron melt. If the Fe-Si were contaminated
>> with
>> >high levels of carbon, then the carbon would render the cast iron out of
>> >spec.The final product produced by  the customer of the smelter would be
>> >steel.
>>
>> The carbon isn't in the form of elemental carbon, it's in the form of CO.
>> Regards,
>>
>>
>> Robin van Spaandonk
>>
>> local asymmetry = temporary success
>>
>>

Re: [Vo]:Re:LENR transmutation may be subject to quantum mechanical superposition.

[Axil Axil]

I could only find the  Carbon-Iron-Silicon Ternary Alloy Phase Diagram
(based on 2008 Shaposhnikov N.G.)

*Diagram Type:* ternary, vertical section

*Concentration range:* partial composition; Fe97Si3-C0.08Fe96.92Si3

*Temperature:* 200.0 - 1100.0 °C

*Nature of investigation:* calculated

*Remarks:* metastable equilibrium for C-Fe


I don't beleive that the suspension of the CO gas in Fe-Si exists after my
search. Please provide a link to your reference.

On Sat, May 11, 2019 at 12:19 AM  wrote:

> In reply to  Axil Axil's message of Sat, 11 May 2019 00:00:13 -0400:
> Hi,
> [snip]
> >Fe-Si is used to produce cast iron as a purifying agent. Fe-Si is used to
> >remove carbon from the cast iron melt. If the Fe-Si were contaminated with
> >high levels of carbon, then the carbon would render the cast iron out of
> >spec.The final product produced by  the customer of the smelter would be
> >steel.
>
> The carbon isn't in the form of elemental carbon, it's in the form of CO.
> Regards,
>
>
> Robin van Spaandonk
>
> local asymmetry = temporary success
>
>