Re: [PEIRCE-L] metalanguage, possibility, WAS: Logical Content of Graphical Signs (was Higher-Order Logics)

2024-03-14 Thread Jon Alan Schmidt
John, List: JAS: how would you scribe the graph for "A thinks that B is *possibly * true"? JFS: For my recommended version of metalevel EGs, I would first replace the dotted line of your EG with a solid line. That would express the sentence "A is thinking the proposition that there exists a B."

Re: [PEIRCE-L] metalanguage, possibility, WAS: Logical Content of Graphical Signs (was Higher-Order Logics)

2024-03-14 Thread John F Sowa
Jon, Every statement about a thought expresses a possibility. Every statement about a claim, a wish, a fear, etc, expresses a possibility. That is why metalanguage is a more explicit method for expressing and reasoning about possibility. Quine said that in the 1960s, and other logicians hav

Re: [PEIRCE-L] metalanguage, possibility, WAS: Logical Content of Graphical Signs (was Higher-Order Logics)

2024-03-13 Thread Jon Alan Schmidt
John, List: JFS: In both graphs in your note below, the thin line may be read as "that"' Yes, of course; that is obvious from the syntax of the English sentences that I translated into those two graphs--although, as I said in that post, it is a *dotted *line, not a *thin *line. JFS: But neither

Re: [PEIRCE-L] metalanguage, possibility, WAS: Logical Content of Graphical Signs (was Higher-Order Logics)

2024-03-13 Thread John F Sowa
ewis or later variations of it. John From: "Jon Alan Schmidt" Sent: 3/13/24 5:39 PM To: Peirce-L Subject: Re: [PEIRCE-L] metalanguage, possibility, WAS: Logical Content of Graphical Signs (was Higher-Order Logics) Helmut, List: Different ki

Re: [PEIRCE-L] metalanguage, possibility, WAS: Logical Content of Graphical Signs (was Higher-Order Logics)

2024-03-13 Thread Jon Alan Schmidt
Helmut, List: Different kinds of possibility can be addressed with different formal systems of modal logic--alethic, deontic, doxastic, dynamic, epistemic, temporal, etc. For example, deontic logic defines possibility as *permissibility *and necessity as *obligation*, which is why its alternativen

[PEIRCE-L] metalanguage, possibility, WAS: Logical Content of Graphical Signs (was Higher-Order Logics)

2024-03-13 Thread Helmut Raulien
List,   I put a new name to this, because I am not inside the discussion, just want to mention a problem I have with the topic. First, there are different types of possibility: Is it not definite but possible about the past or about the future, is it due to limited knowledge or to different optio