[issue20496] function definition tutorial encourages bad practice

New submission from Alan Isaac: Section 4.6 of the tutorial introduces function definition: http://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/controlflow.html#defining-functions The first example defines a function that *prints* a Fibonacci series. A basic mistake made by students new to programming is to use

[issue18844] allow weights in random.choice

New submission from Alan Isaac: The need for weighted random choices is so common that it is addressed as a common task in the docs: http://docs.python.org/dev/library/random.html This enhancement request is to add an optional argument to random.choice, which must be a sequence of non

[issue11023] pep 227 missing text

Alan Isaac alan.is...@gmail.com added the comment: Bear with my confusion about your response. Are you saying that CPython documentation bugs cannot be submitted here, or that this does not constitute a CPython documentation bug? I assume the latter. But then, can you tell me where to find

[issue11023] pep 227 missing text

New submission from Alan Isaac alan.is...@gmail.com: In PEP 227 missing text is marked with XXX. Most of this is just calls for examples and elaboration. However under the Implementation section XXX marks a substantive question about the documentation. Fixing this may be low priority

[issue5716] Overzealous deprecation of BaseException.message

Alan Isaac alan.is...@gmail.com added the comment: FYI a patch has been committed that should fix this. For discussion see http://bugs.python.org/issue6844 -- nosy: +aisaac ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue5716

[issue6844] BaseException DeprecationError raises inappropriately

Alan Isaac alan.is...@gmail.com added the comment: I hope it is not too annoying to link these ... I asked thhis of Jean-Paul but now I'll ask it of George. Since you are working on this, can you see if http://bugs.python.org/issue6108 is related or in any case can be fixed at the same time

[issue6844] BaseException DeprecationError raises inappropriately

Alan Isaac alan.is...@gmail.com added the comment: Since you are working on this, can you see if http://bugs.python.org/issue6108 is related or in any case can be fixed at the same time? Thanks. -- ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http

[issue6844] BaseException DeprecationError raises inappropriately

Alan Isaac alan.is...@gmail.com added the comment: The 'message' attribute itself is deprecated as it didn't exist prior to being introduced in 2.5. That seems to me to be the wrong way to phrase it, and indeed that kind of phrasing implies the current bug. For example, it leads

[issue6844] BaseException DeprecationError raises inappropriately

New submission from Alan Isaac alan.is...@gmail.com: In Python 2.6 if I subclass Exception and intialize my instances with a `message` attribute, I get a DeprecationError via BaseException. Of course there is no problem in Py3, because adding a `message` attribute to instances of a subclass

Re: function factory question: embed current values of object attributes

Terry Reedy wrote: You are now describing a function closure. Here is an example that might help. It does. Thanks, Alan -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: function factory question: embed current values of object attributes

Gabriel Genellina wrote: If you want a frozen function (that is, a function already set-up with the parameters taken from the current values of x.a, x.b) use functools.partial: OK, that's also a nice idea. Thanks! Alan -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: is it possible to add a property to an instance?

attributes or callable attributes. Data attributes are variables or properties. Callable attributes are usually method attributes. This seemed about right to me, but a better (or official) taxonomy would be welcome. Thanks, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

function factory question: embed current values of object attributes

at the time it is manufactured). I do not care if this function is attached to `x` or not. I have a feeling that I am turning something simple into something complex, perhaps for lack of an afternoon coffee or lack of CS training. Suggestions appreciated. Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org

Re: Python with Ecmascript

/listinfo/users 2. Did you try to compile it? Is there anything obviously 2.5 incompatible? Cheers, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: Python with Ecmascript

Daniel Fetchinson wrote: Is there a way to do similar things on linux? NJSModule? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NJS Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: Market simulations with Python

library? You could use SimPy. Also see: http://gnosis.cx/publish/programming/charming_python_b10.html http://www.mech.kuleuven.be/lce2006/147.pdf If you plan to share you efforts, please post updates here. Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: Dynamically naming objects.

On Jun 7, 1:20 pm, Hans Nowak [user() for i in range(n)] Kalibr wrote: or does it somehow work? how would I address them if they all have the name 'u'? users = list(User() for i in range(n)) for user in users: user.do_something() hth, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org

Re: parser recommendation

One other possibility: SimpleParse (for speed). URL:http://simpleparse.sourceforge.net/ It is very nice. Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: Ideas for master's thesis

differently. I am confident that you could get a lot of guidance on the NumPy list if you were interested in taking this on. Cheers, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: should I put old or new style classes in my book?

://docs.python.org/ref/metaclasses.html but it seems right. Thank you, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: make a string a list

' position. Why dont the ``find`` or ``index`` methods work for you? http://docs.python.org/lib/string-methods.html Cheers, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: code of a function

Anand Patil wrote: If you're using IPython, you can do svd?? . http://www.scipy.org/doc/numpy_api_docs/numpy.linalg.linalg.html hth, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: observer pattern (notification chain synchronization)

, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

observer pattern (notification chain synchronization)

. Is this sensible enough? What are standard and better ways? Thank you, Alan Isaac PS I am drawing on the description of the observer pattern at URL:http://www.dofactory.com/Patterns/PatternObserver.aspx#_self1 The real world aspects are just to add some concreteness. -- http

observer pattern question #1 (reference to subject)

/Python/Recipe/131499). Is anything lost by not maintaining this reference (other than error checking ...)? If I feel the observer needs access to the subject, what is wrong with just having the subject pass itself as part of the notification? Thank you, Alan Isaac -- http

observer pattern question #2 (notification chain)

, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: observer pattern question #1 (reference to subject)

Alan Isaac [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Is anything lost by not maintaining this reference (other than error checking ...)? If I feel the observer needs access to the subject, what is wrong with just having the subject pass itself as part of the notification? Ville M. Vainio wrote

Re: observer pattern question #1 (reference to subject)

Ville M. Vainio wrote: in case of stocks, you are probably monitoring several stock objects, so the stock should probably pass itself to the observer OK. This is related to my question #2 (in a separate thread), where I'd also appreciate your comments. analogous to a typical

Re: python vs. grep

analog. https://svn.enthought.com/svn/sandbox/grin/trunk/ hth, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: Help me on function definition

aeneng wrote: WHAT IS WRONG WITH MY CODE? def cross(u,v) Missing colon. hth, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: method to create class property

Cheers, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: no more comparisons

... how is this supposed to work if __cmp__ is no longer being called? (Which was my understanding.) Thank you, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: no more comparisons

Dan Bishop wrote: def cmp_key(cmp_fn): class CmpWrapper(object): def __init__(self, obj): self.obj = obj def __cmp__(self, other): return cmp_fn(self.obj, other.obj) return CmpWrapper On Mar 13, 12:38 pm, Alan Isaac wrote: how

Re: no more comparisons

representing the absolute value of the integer. So Does this do it? :: key= lambda x: (-x[1],int(x2)) Here I am depending on the lexicographic sorting of tuples. Without that there would be real trouble. Cheers, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python

Re: no more comparisons

uncomfortable? Thanks, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

no more comparisons

/pipermail/python-3000/2008-January/011764.html Is that going anywhere? Also, what is the core motivation for removing this functionality? Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: no more comparisons

``: this is already possible when it is convenient, but it is not always convenient. (Even aside from memory considerations.) By the way, I even saw mention of even removing the ``cmp`` built-in. Cheers, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: Can't get items out of a set?

Cruxic wrote: people = set( [Person(1, 'Joe'), Person(2, 'Sue')] ) ... p = people.get_equivalent(2) #method doesn't exist as far as I know print p.name #prints Sue def get_equivalent(test, container): for p in container: if p == test: return p hth, Alan Isaac

Re: Is it possible to return a variable and use it...?

Nathan Pinno wrote: Is it possible to return a variable and then use it I think you are asking about the ``global`` statement. URL:http://docs.python.org/ref/global.html like the following: Presumably not. ;-) Cheers, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo

Re: tuples, index method, Python's design

On April 12th, 2007 at 10:05 PM Alan Isaac wrote: The avoidance of tuples, so carefully defended in other terms, is often rooted (I claim) in habits formed from need for list methods like ``index`` and ``count``. Indeed, I predict that Python tuples will eventually have these methods

Re: tuples, index method, Python's design

Paul Boddie wrote: Here's the tracker item that may have made it happen: http://bugs.python.org/issue1696444 I think you need to thank Raymond Hettinger for championing the cause. ;-) Yes indeed! Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: more pythonic

: someNewList = list( elementDerivedFrom(smthg) for smthg in someSequence if condition(smthg) ) Tastes vary of course. Cheers, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: Pythons Ladders

used it, some tinkering was required. You could work on adding features. http://docutils.sourceforge.net/sandbox/rst2wordml/readme.html If you get good enough a docutils, provide an option to have the number for the note be superscripted, like the note reference can be. fwiw, Alan Isaac

Re: asynchronous alarm

Paul Rubin wrote: a = Event() Thread(target=f, args=(a,)).start() raw_input('hit return when done: ') a.set() Simple and elegant. Thank you. Alan -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

asynchronous alarm

Goal: turn off an audible alarm without terminating the program. For example, suppose a console program is running:: while True: sys.stdout.write('\a') sys.stdout.flush() time.sleep(0.5) I want to add code to allow me to turn off this

Re: basic output question

John Deas wrote: My problem is that f.read() outputs nothing Since ``open`` did not give you an IOError, you did get a handle to the files, so this suggests that the files you read are empty... Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: find minimum associated values

[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I'd use the first solution. It can be speeded up a bit with a try/except: for k,v in kv: try: if d[k] v: d[k] = v except KeyError: d[k] = v Cheers, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: find minimum associated values

Alan Isaac wrote: #sort by id and then value kv_sorted = sorted(kv, key=lambda x: (id(x[0]),x[1])) #groupby: first element in each group is object and its min value d =dict( g.next() for k,g in groupby( kv_sorted, key=lambda x: x[0] ) ) Yes, that appears to be fastest and is pretty easy

Re: find minimum associated values

Steven Bethard wrote: [3rd approach] Seems pretty enough to me. ;-) I find it most attractive of the lot. But its costs would rise if the number of values per object were large. Anyway, I basically agree. Thanks, Alan -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

find minimum associated values

I have a small set of objects associated with a larger set of values, and I want to map each object to its minimum associated value. The solutions below work, but I would like to see prettier solutions... Thank you, Alan Isaac

Re: find minimum associated values

Paul Rubin wrote: How about something like: kv_sorted = sorted(kv, key=lambda x: (id(x[0]), x[1])) You mean like this? #sort by id and then value kv_sorted = sorted(kv, key=lambda x: (id(x[0]),x[1])) #groupby: first element in each group is object and its min value d =dict( g.next() for

Re: pairs from a list

I suppose my question should have been, is there an obviously faster way? Anyway, of the four ways below, the first is substantially fastest. Is there an obvious reason why? Thanks, Alan Isaac PS My understanding is that the behavior of the last is implementation dependent and not guaranteed

Re: pairs from a list

that it.next() will be performed from left to right, so there is no risk that e.g. pairs4([1, 2, 3, 4]) returns [(2, 1), (4, 3)]. Is there anything else that I am overlooking? [1] http://docs.python.org/lib/itertools-functions.html URL:http://bugs.python.org/issue1121416 fwiw, Alan Isaac

Re: pairs from a list

Arnaud Delobelle wrote: pairs4 wins. Oops. I see a smaller difference, but yes, pairs4 wins. Alan Isaac import time from itertools import islice, izip x = range(51) def pairs1(x): return izip(islice(x,0,None,2),islice(x,1,None,2)) def pairs2(x): xiter = iter(x) while True

pairs from a list

, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

simple try/except question

Is the behavior below expected? If so, why is the exception not caught? Thanks, Alan Isaac x,y='','' try: x/y ... except TypeError: print 'oops' ... Traceback (most recent call last): File stdin, line 1, in module TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for /: 'str' and 'str' -- http

Re: simple try/except question

Tim Chase wrote: It works for me(tm)... Python 2.4.3 Sorry to have left out that detail. Yes, it works for me in Python 2.4, but not in 2.5.1. The code I posted was copyied from the interpreter. Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: simple try/except question

False alarm. Fresh start of interpreter and all is well. Apologies. Still tracking. Alan -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: simple try/except question

Gabriel Genellina wrote: Perhaps you reassigned TypeError? Yes, that was it. Sheesh. Thanks! Alan -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: Python and Combinatorics

none wrote: Is there some package to calculate combinatorical stuff like (n over k), i.e., n!/(k!(n - k!) ? Yes, in SciPy. Alan Isaac from scipy.misc.common import comb help(comb) Help on function comb in module scipy.misc.common: comb(N, k, exact=0) Combinations of N things

unpickle from URL problem

the filetype to unix. I upload again. I try to unpickle from the URL. Now it works. Try it: x1, x2 = pickle.load(urllib.urlopen('http://www.american.edu/econ/notes/hw/example2')) Why the difference? Thank you, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: unpickle from URL problem

Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch wrote: Pickles are *binary* files, not text files Actually not: http://docs.python.org/lib/node316.html These were created with protocol 0. But my question is about the different outcomes I observed. Thank you, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo

Re: unpickle from URL problem

, and I need not to worry about their directory structure.) Can you explain the differences I see? Thank you, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: unpickle from URL problem

fine on my machine, but in addition the urllib download of this file unpickles just fine. Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

announcement: OpenOpt and GenericOpt

OpenOpt and GenericOpt == Introducing two new optimization packages. OpenOpt and GenericOpt are 100% Python with a single dependency: NumPy. For more detail see below and also URL:https://projects.scipy.org/scipy/scikits/wiki/Optimization OpenOpt --- OpenOpt is new open

Re: Any syntactic cleanup likely for Py3? And what about doc standards?

. http://www.kylev.com/2004/10/13/fun-with-python-properties/ fwiw, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: create Powerpoint via com

Well, my needs were very limited so the result is too, but in case someone else just needs to get started: http://econpy.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/utilities/mso.py Comments, suggestions, additions welcom. Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: create Powerpoint via com

How about chart creation (in Ppt 2003)? I do not see how to do this with Python. [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: You probably need to browse the COM object using PythonWin, which is a part of the ActiveState distro. You can also use Python's builtin function, dir, to find out various methods of COM.

create Powerpoint via com

Can someone point me to a simple example or better yet tutorial for creating a Powerpoint using Python. Thanks, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: create Powerpoint via com

[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hope that helps! Yes indeed. Thanks! Alan -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: create Powerpoint via com

[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: code OK, creating bulleted lists, or tables, or adding pictures is all straightforward. How about chart creation (in Ppt 2003)? I do not see how to do this with Python. Thanks, Alan -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: Fastest way to convert a byte of integer into a list

On Jul 13, 9:54 am, Matimus [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: num = 255 numlist = [num i 1 for i in range(8)] Godzilla wrote: Thanks matimus! I will look into it... Watch out for the order, which might or might not match your intent. Cheers, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo

Re: bool behavior in Python 3000?

Alan Isaac skrev: http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0285/ Nis Jørgensen wrote: You forgot to quote this bit: [4)] Actually not. That is a different point. Ben seems bothered by this, but not me. I do not mind that True+1 is 2. I won't do it, but I do not object to it being possible. I do

Re: bool behavior in Python 3000?

Stargaming wrote: I think Bjoern just wanted to point out that all those binary boolean operators already work *perfectly*. bool(False-True) True But reread Steven. Cheers, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: bool behavior in Python 3000?

Bjoern Schliessmann wrote: Is there any type named bool in standard Python? type(True) type 'bool' Cheers, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: bool behavior in Python 3000?

arguments, not proposing an implementation. Cheers, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: bool behavior in Python 3000?

arithmetic. I mentioned Python 3000 since that is an opportunity for an ideal world. Cheers, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

bool behavior in Python 3000?

Is there any discussion of having real booleans in Python 3000? Say something along the line of the numpy implementation for arrays of type 'bool'? Hoping the bool type will be fixed will be fixed, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: allow scripts to use .pth files?

that wanted to import it. Right. I'm curious whether you think that the OP's use of .pth was a typo, and whether you have read this: http://docs.python.org/lib/module-site.html You seem to understand what I'm getting at. Thanks John. Alan Isaac (the OP above) -- http://mail.python.org

Re: disappearing documentation of `coerce`

On 2007-07-05, Alan Isaac [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Once upon a time, `coerce` was documented with the other built-ins. Neil Cerutti wrote: It's now documented in Library Reference 2.2 Non-essential Built-in Functions. Apparently it is no longer needed or useful, but only kept for backward

Re: allow scripts to use .pth files?

On Jul 3, 7:35 am, Alan Isaac [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Suppose I have a directory `scripts`. I'd like the scripts to have access to a package that is not installed, i.e., it is not on sys.path. On this list, various people have described a variety of tricks they use, but nobody has proposed

disappearing documentation of `coerce`

Once upon a time, `coerce` was documented with the other built-ins. http://pydoc.org/1.5.2/__builtin__.html Now it is not. http://docs.python.org/lib/built-in-funcs.html Reason? Thanks, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

allow scripts to use .pth files?

there is not one. (?) How about allowing a `scripts.pth` file in such a `scripts` directory, to work like a path configuration file? (But to be used only when __name__==__main__.) Drawbacks? Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: equality comparison by default (was Re: Too many 'self' in python.That's a big flaw in this language.)

** identical, in the sense of having the same conceptual reference. In contrast, two equal cars are generally not identical in this sense. Of course you can make them so if you wish, but it is odd. So *nothing* is wrong here, imo. Btw: a = 12 b = 12 a == b True a is b True Cheers, Alan Isaac

Re: guidance needed: best practice for script packaging

My thanks to Gabriel and Josiah. Alan -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: equality comparison by default (was Re: Too many 'self' in python.That's a big flaw in this language.)

as expected. Use `is`. http://docs.python.org/ref/comparisons.html This is good behavior. Cheers, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

guidance needed: best practice for script packaging

is still unclear, I would appreciate any leads on how to clarify it. Thank you, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

relative import question: packaging scripts

on the user having done this? Thank you, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: Python plain-text database or library that supports joins?

Not Python, but maybe relevant: http://www.scriptaworks.com/cgi-bin/wiki.sh/NoSQL/HomePage Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

cannot have test scripts in packages?

of inserting the package location into sys.path and have test.py rely on the user having done this? What is the recommended handling of demo or test scripts for a package? Thank you, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: File processing - is Python suitable?

to process these files? Someone can. ;-) However if the file is structured, awk may be faster, since this sounds like the kind of report generation it was designed for. Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: docs patch: dicts and sets

, and in fact I just used the proposals of others. I just wanted there to be some clue for users who read the docs. If you prefer to leave such users baffled, so be it. My effort is exhausted. Cheers, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: docs patch: dicts and sets

I submitted the language based on Bill and Carsten's proposals: https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detailatid=105470aid=1721372group_id=5470 That language has been rejected. You many want to read the discussion and see if acceptible language still seems discoverable. Alan Isaac -- http

docs patch: dicts and sets

of the containing program. Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: change of random state when pyc created??

. Iteration over a set returns elements in an indeterminate order, which generally depends on factors outside the scope of the containing program. Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

docs patch: dicts and sets

/lib/types-set.html: append a new sentence to 2nd par. Iteration over a set returns elements in an indeterminate order,which generally depends on factors outside the scope of the containing program. Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: change of random state when pyc created??

over a set returns elements in an arbitrary order, which may depend on the memory location of the elements. fwiw, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

Re: change of random state when pyc created??

Alan Isaac requested: http://docs.python.org/lib/typesmapping.html: to footnote (3), add phrase http://docs.python.org/lib/types-set.html: append a new sentence to 2nd paragraph Hamilton, William [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Keys and values are listed

Re: change of random state when pyc created??

Peter Otten [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Alan Isaac wrote: There is nothing wrong with the random module -- you get the same numbers on every run. When there is no pyc-file Python uses some RAM to create it and therefore your GridPlayer instances are located

Re: change of random state when pyc created??

think the docs for sets and dicts should include a red flag: do not use these as iterators if you want replicable results. (Side note to Carsten: this does not require listing every little thing.) Cheers, Alan Isaac -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

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