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American Fire Sprinkler Association
Monday's Technical Update
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A weekly newsletter dealing with codes and other technical issues
December 15, 2014
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ESFR and Open Gratings
"We have a client that has installed an open grate mezzanine 7 ft. 6 in. above
the
finished floor in a building with an ESFR system. The obstruction is well over
4 ft so we have proposed protecting the area below as ordinary hazard (Group 2)
utilizing K-5.6 quick-response intermediate level sprinklers. The area below
the
mezzanine will be a walkway only and no storage is anticipated. The AHJ is
requesting
that we utilize ESFR heads below the mezzanine. Is this the intent of
8.12.5.3.3?"
We have reviewed NFPA 13, 2013 edition as the applicable standard. Our informal
interpretation is that ESFR sprinklers are not required under the walkway.
The issue of how to address a large obstruction like a mezzanine using metal
grating
is not well addressed by NFPA 13. Where metal grating is used for a catwalk
well
above the floor where the contents underneath the catwalk is effectively the
same
as the rest of the area, it is treated simply as an obstruction. The standard
took
one step forward for the 2016 edition and now explicitly states that sprinklers
beneath obstructions are to be the same as that used at the ceiling. This makes
perfect sense because both sprinklers are protecting the same contents on the
floor.
We still have a problem though with metal grating since the heat and water
passes
through it. The water is addressed by section 8.5.5.3.3 (and repeated by
8.12.5.3.3)
that requires sprinklers beneath the grating to be the intermediate level/rack
storage
type or otherwise shielded from the overhead sprinklers. For a catwalk, there
are
no ESFR intermediate level sprinklers so they would need to be shielded. For a
mezzanine where the contents below it are different than above it or adjacent to
it, the area is a different portion of the floor area that can have its own
design
basis. This is black and white for a mezzanine with solid floor/ceiling
assembly.
The sprinklers above the mezzanine would have to account for the 15 ft overlap
required for adjacent hazards but not the area beneath it. Each design basis
within
a building can use a different type of sprinkler. With the size of the walkway
and conveyor belts being so large and with them being so close to the floor with
minimal fuel loading (and nothing like the remainder of the facility), it is
appropriate
to treat this like a mezzanine and use it's own design basis.
There is still an issue, though, for metal grating. Section 8.5.5.3.1 and
8.12.5.3.3
casually referred to open grate flooring as an obstruction. This ensures that
the
issue of heat and water passing through it is addressed. The fact that there
are
no intermediate level ESFR sprinklers (shields above the as part of the
sprinkler)
is another reason to considering using spray sprinklers. Their use beneath this
area does not reduce the ability of the ESFR sprinklers over the walkway to
control
a fire and it better addresses the concern over the upper sprinklers wetting the
lower ones. Since NFPA 13 does not explicitly address this, discussing it with
the AHJ beforehand is desirable.
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Technical Update is prepared by the Technical Services Dept. of the AFSA: Vice
President
of Engineering and Technical Services Roland Huggins, a PE registered in fire
protection
engineering; Phill Brown, a NICET IV certified automatic sprinkler technician
and
NFPA Certified Fire Protection Specialist (CFPS) and Tom Wellen, a PE registered
in fire protection engineering. This is provided with the understanding that
the
AFSA assumes no liability for this opinion or actions taken on it and they are
not
to be considered the official position of the NFPA or its technical committees.
Copyright 2014, American Fire Sprinkler Association.
All Rights Reserved
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