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June 15, 2015
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Mixing Orifices

"We are installing a sprinkler system with K-8.0 standard response sprinklers 
throughout
in a beam and girder type building.  There is one exception where on the last 
bay
are K-11.2 standard response heads (EC-11).  This bay was not typical of the 
other
areas and this design allows the reduction for the amount of heads and branch 
lines.
 The spacing on the K-8.0 sprinklers is 10 ft x 12 ft-6 in.  The spacing on the 
EC heads is 12 ft-6 in. x 16 ft.  The occupancy is ordinary hazard Group II 
throughout.
 All of the sprinklers throughout are standard response.  Is this acceptable in 
accordance with NFPA 13?"

We have reviewed NFPA 13, 2013 edition that you indicated as the applicable 
standard.
 Our informal interpretation is that such combination of spray sprinkler types 
does
not violate the intent of NFPA 13.

Section 23.4.4.8.4 indicates that extended-coverage and residential sprinklers 
with
a different K-factor shall be acceptable for part of the protection area where 
installed
in accordance with their listing.  The Sprinkler Systems Handbook commentary 
explains
that extended coverage sprinklers and standard spray sprinklers can be mixed in 
a system to protect all of the floor area economically. Different extended 
coverage
sprinklers can also be used on the same system to economically cover the space. 
 The committee sees no reason to prohibit the kinds of installation discussed in
 23.4.4.8.4 as long as the sprinklers are installed in accordance with their 
listing
and the water supply can deliver the required flow and pressure to the 
sprinklers.
 As such, many take an excessively conservative view on this issue based mostly 
on concerns about restoring the system and making a mistake on replacing the 
correct
sprinkler type.  The fact that the orifice sizes are typically different also 
complicates
the issue.  The base criteria of Section 23.4.4.8.2 are that different orifices 
cannot be used to balance a system.  Some exceptions were provided to indicate 
typical
examples where different orifices were acceptable.  This was not intended to be 
an all-inclusive list of having different orifice sizes.  There are several 
references
to using different types of sprinklers (which often have different size 
orifices)
within the same compartment such as A.8.4.  While explicitly saying when 
different
types of sprinklers are used in the same compartment, it's mainly emphasizing 
that
they should have the same response characteristics (i.e. standard or quick 
response).
 Even more applicable is A.23.4.4.8 that identifies the use of sprinklers with 
differing
K-factors in situations where different protection areas are needed is not 
considered
balancing.  An example would be a room that could be protected with sprinklers 
having
different orifice sizes in closets, foyers, and room areas.
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Call for Trainers

AFSA continues to grow and evolve in response to the needs of our members. As 
training
development continues, we call out to those in our membership 'family' 
(contractors,
manufacturers, designers, etc.) who can serve as trainers: either as instructors
 or as content developers.

If you, or someone you know, are well versed in any (or all) of the following 
areas:
installation, layout, or inspection/testing/maintenance of fire sprinkler 
systems,
and want to teach or develop courses, let us hear from you!

Please visit firesprinkler.org/trainers 
[http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001sTNlFjua2nLogRzmnONEquurRRwgULx_DweAs36tIoUHzRgJNJu-hWJQGo7vcBdFnXYk-ZToyHg8yKUwj0fzBOU9gdl-OOYjzFY3-L1r4NYv_Xj2Mv_1HwLMzPOyCAVtXdUTPR4IxplaHbq8B_m09fT8uegpIXqhpPGH9FZ2g8S6h0xS5pqMwmlzKKToLNcB&c=Tapuh53c4PfqWPU91D-gbkU04PdstKqj534CBgzk3mXJf6snT5qM_w==&ch=83j8weeM2EUs6ZL6J4YumpFTJ-tm5qorxavSZu-7oieQQvY_CyLt9w==]
for more details.
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Technical Update is prepared by the Technical Services Dept. of the AFSA: Vice 
President
of Engineering and Technical Services Roland Huggins, a PE registered in fire 
protection
engineering; Phill Brown, a NICET IV certified automatic sprinkler technician 
and
NFPA Certified Fire Protection Specialist (CFPS) and Tom Wellen, a PE registered
 in fire protection engineering. This is provided with the understanding that 
the
AFSA assumes no liability for this opinion or actions taken on it and they are 
not
to be considered the official position of the NFPA or its technical committees.
Copyright 2015, American Fire Sprinkler Association. All Rights Reserved
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Sold Out!
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For additional details, register, or view upcoming training, visit the
AFSA Calendar [http://www.firesprinkler.org/events/].
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