Hi Keith, You cannot substitute 60 degrees C in a couple of weeks with 121 degrees in 30 minutes. You need such a high temperature to stop the fungus from reproducing and denature(destroy) the enzymes responsible for converting straw to glucose. By composting, you are creating culture medium for the fungus and ultimately a disaster.
regards, Christopher =>-----Original Message----- =>From: Keith Addison [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] =>Sent: Sunday, August 03, 2003 3:23 AM =>To: biofuel@yahoogroups.com =>Subject: Re: [biofuel] Rice straw to glucose - was Re: question on water =>hyacinth => => =>Hi Ken => =>Thanks for this, very interesting. => =>>Hi Keith =>> =>>I talked to Iyan this morning and this is what he told =>>me. The fungus is called Trichoderma Reesei (QM9414). =>> It first digests lignin then cellulose to glucose and =>>will continue on to digest glucose once the cellulose =>>is consumed. The reaction is carried out at room =>>temperature (in the tropics) in stirred aerated water. =>> The maximum glucose yield of 17% by weight of dry =>>rice straw is reached in about four days. A continues =>>flow process is possible, but he only performed a =>>batch process in the laboratory. The work was =>>published in the Indonesian language and a translation =>>into English is not available. => =>Well, I've no right to say "That's a pity" (he said, saying it), =>English is much too imperialistic... => =>Anyway that's probably enough to work on Ken, many thanks! => =>>Best regards, =>> =>>Ken => =>>Keith =>> =>>I forgot to add that the residual can be used for =>>fertilizer. Where I live, the wet paddy method of =>>rice production is used and the rice straw is burned =>>rather than “plowed” back into the paddy. => =>That's a waste, such useful stuff! And the soil needs some return. =>Composting would be better. (Add 50% water hyacinth, for instance, =>then there's no need for animal manure.) => =>Are you aware of this, by the way? =>http://ciifad.cornell.edu/sri/ =>SRI Homepage/System of Rice Intensifcation => =>Well worth a look, or better than a look. => =>>The =>>Trichoderma Reesei fungus should be killed or it may =>>start attacking roots etc. Heating at 121 Celsius for =>>30 minutes is enough to denature it (a microwave oven =>>might work). The minerals and fixed nitrogen remain =>>in the residual. => =>Hot composting at 60 deg C for a couple of weeks should deal with it, =>and give an improved product too. => =>Thanks again Ken. => =>Best => =>Keith => => =>>Ken => => =>>Keith Addison <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:Hello =>>Ken =>> =>><snip> =>> =>> >You can also look at fermentation to glucose and =>> >ethanol. My colleague, Dr. Iyan Sofyan, has used a =>> >fungus to ferment rice straw to glucose. And rice =>> >straw is difficult because of its high lignin content =>> >(like wood). =>> =>>I'd like to know more about that - any more detail =>>available? Did Dr. =>>Sofyan publish anything about it? =>> =>>regards =>> =>>Keith =>> =>> =>> >Best regards and good luck, =>> > =>> >Ken => => => =>Biofuel at Journey to Forever: =>http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html => =>Biofuels list archives: =>http://archive.nnytech.net/ => =>Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. =>To unsubscribe, send an email to: =>[EMAIL PROTECTED] => =>Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ => => ------------------------ Yahoo! Groups Sponsor ---------------------~--> Buy Ink Cartridges or Refill Kits for Your HP, Epson, Canon or Lexmark Printer at Myinks.com. Free s/h on orders $50 or more to the US & Canada. http://www.c1tracking.com/l.asp?cid=5511 http://us.click.yahoo.com/sO0ANB/LIdGAA/ySSFAA/FGYolB/TM ---------------------------------------------------------------------~-> Biofuel at Journey to Forever: http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html Biofuels list archives: http://archive.nnytech.net/ Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. To unsubscribe, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
