Root should NOT own any directory that is publicly accessed, such as web 
content.

I don't know if this is worded wrong, or maybe English isn't your primary 
language, but this is the worst advice as-worded.
You shouldn't run services as root, but yes, files and directories *should* be 
owned by root as much as possible.


Should there be a breach, then the visitor will have root access to the whole 
system.

Not true, if there is a breach they only get access to apache and files owned 
by apache, NOT the whole system. I think you have file ownership and service 
ran as confused.


It is better if the directory is owned by the web server, and that depends on 
your platform.

No. If there is a breach the attacker gets the permissions of the service they 
breached. If you give all of the directories and files the same user level as 
the service that was breached the attacker can now access / alter all of the 
files belonging to that breached service. This is why you want the files owned 
by root, so if apache gets breached, the attacker CAN NOT touch those files 
because they are owned by root NOT apache.
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