Peter Hagelstein hypothesized that SPPs could form on the surface and that they may be complicit in the conversion of the 2 laser signals into the beat frequency. The SPPs could potentially provide the nonlinearity required for a beat to form. In past experiments, the amount of gold needed for the effect to occur has not been carefully quantified nor has its surface morphology. Etched Pd cathodes are not like a sheet of glass or polished silicon, so the thin gold deposit is bound to be very complicated.
The possible use of gold nanoparticles has been discussed, but has not been tried that I know of. Any metal that is put in an electrolysis cell is going to deposit to some extent on the cathode by ordinary electroplating. Electroplating professionals go to a lot of trouble to put a filter bag around the anode to prevent small "fines" from plating from the anode to the cathode. Regarding adding particles, why not begin with adding the size you want? Note that even for the red laser SPP resonance, the particles needed may be quite big compared to the nanoscale. I doubt that the "Woods anomalies" are an electromagnetic effect in the way usually thought. Even interferometry is completely misunderstood. I recommend reading the spot-on paper, "Interference and wave-particle duality of single photons", by Shan-Liang Liu, arXiv [2017]. In it you will find that what we were taught in university physics about interference was complete malarkey. Is there a way to get excess heat from plasmons alone? I cannot weigh in on that. On Wed, Oct 21, 2020 at 9:27 AM Jones Beene <jone...@pacbell.net> wrote: > Bob Higgins wrote: > > > Yes, the beats in the Hagelstein, Letts, and Cravens experiment are > presumably formed by this process. A thin gold film was deposited on the > cathode surface and the effect was not observed without the thin gold film. > > Has it been ruled out that the energy anomaly is not partly or solely due > to plasmon formation alone ? > > > It is believed that the thin gold went down as tiny islands that were > responsible for the nonlinearity needed to form the beats. > > If the "islands" were in the size range of 2-12 nm, then the Casimir > effect could come into play. The so-called "Wood's Anomalies" have been > known for a century in various forms - and this plasmon anomaly of > Hagelstein et al could be related to that. > > > https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Chapter-2-Theory-of-Wood-%E2%80%99-s-Anomalies-Maystre/406d2c8f212c3286d85774815de62a2c75b748b8 > > IOW there is a possibility of actual energy gain from plasmon radiation > alone which may or may not also have a nuclear effect as a secondary > reaction when deuterium is present. > > >
