My Two Cents--
I must confess that I'm unfamiliar with the effect of electromagnetism on
conductive heating. I thought that I'd throw out a few questions regarding the
observations of the 4th paper, hoping to learn:
Background for the questions: Alternating current (dependent on the frequency)
can produce a more prominent "skin effect" on conductors than standard direct
current. This skin effect can cause the vast bulk of current to flow down only
the outer surface of a conductor.
Q1) Does this uneven current flow translate to potentially uneven heating -
even at equilibrium?
Q2) Could the nickel core be cooler in the middle with more heat being
concentrated, and subsequently shed, on the surface?
Q3) Could the surface of the inductor wires appear hotter, though the entire
conductor is dissipating the same amount of total heat?
Donating to the World, Two Cents at a Time,
R.L.
Documents 1-3 were quite interesting - compelling, really. I'm going to have
to read up more on Steorn.
Document #4 - "It's getting hot in here, turn off that Orbo!"
The fourth report that we were allowed to examine is unique from the others in
that it is about a solid state version of Steorn's technology. It is also the
most recent of the documents, being written in March, 2011.
A solid state Orbo offers the potential of having no moving parts, having no
need for bearings (as in permanent manget (PM) or E-Orbo configurations), being
simpler to build, and potentially being simpler to test. Other advantages of
solid state Orbo include fewer parts to wear out, and perhaps more potential to
evolve quickly -- in a similar manner to the way computers evolved during the
past twenty years.
In this paper the author describes a very simple configuration that involves a
coil wrapped around a nickel core (that is both magnetic and conductive) acting
as an inductor. The coil and core is placed in a calorimeter composed of a
vacuum chamber. Two thermocouples measure the temperature of the coil itself,
and the temperature of the air in the room. A metered power supply provides the
input power to the coil, and an oscilloscope monitors the current, voltage, and
can also calculate total input power by using a math function of the scope.
The purpose of the test is to determine if the coil fed with a quantity of AC
power, can produce more heat than the same coil fed with the same quantity of
DC power. In the paper, the formula needed to calculate the total AC power is
presented. The AC input and DC input is configured to be as identical as
possible. Actually, the power input during the AC run was .9 (point nine)
watts, and in the DC run it was 1 (one) watt. The fact that the input power
during the AC run was slightly less than in the DC run actually biases the test
against the AC run. This makes the results of the test even more significant.
In the first test, 1 watt of DC power is fed into the coil wound around the
nickel core. The temperature of the coil increases until it reaches an
equilibrium point of 36.1 degrees. This is the point at which the power lost by
the coil via heat dissipation matches the electrical input power. Even if the
input power stayed on for hours longer, the temperature of the coil would not
increase above this temperature.
In the second test, .9 watts is fed into the same coil wound around the same
exact nickel core. Obviously, this test took place a period of time after the
first one, after the temperature of the coil has dropped back to its original
value. The result of AC being fed into the coil is that it rises to an
equilibrium temperature of 41.1 degrees. This means that in the AC test, the
temperature of the coil reached a temperature five degrees higher than in the
DC test.
The higher equilibrium temperature obtained when the coil was powered with AC,
indicates an anomalous gain of energy. The gain of energy is unexplainable,
because the input power in both tests were almost identical -- actually
slightly less when AC was utilized. As the paper continues, the author
indicates that resistive heating cannot be the case for the increased
temperature in the AC test run.
Here is the conclusion found at the end of the paper.
"The extra heating effect under the application of an AC signal is not
explained simply by the transfer of input power to the coil. Consideration of
the energy input to the system does not account for the energy output -- as
evidenced by the steady state temperature; there is an extra effect which needs
to be isolated and identified.
"This investigation has not been able to suggest a reason for the energy output
from the AC case. While it has been demonstrated and verified, and the DC case
shows resistive heating as expected, there is no such simple explanation for
the behavior of the coil under AC heating."
The conclusion must be that this is an energy output which is higher than would
be expected from the power input, and caused by the response of the coil to the
alternating signal."
It seems likely that this "extra effect" is part of Steorn's magnetic overunity
effect that allows for the production of free energy. After many months of
hearing little about Steorn's progress developing the Orbo technology, it is
refreshing to read a report that demonstrates a clear, simple, and obvious gain
of energy -- in this case, in the form of heat.
A Breakthrough for the Free Energy Community
Although the amount of free energy produced in the fourth paper mentioned above
is not huge, it seems to be well documented by a professional. The point of the
experiment was not to produce large amounts of energy, but to document and
prove an overunity magnetic effect. The test seems to have satisfied that goal.
Scaled up and fully developed, this configuration might be capable of producing
much greater amounts of excess energy.
One interesting thing to note is the experiment seems so simple it makes me
think it could be fairly easily replicated. Of course Steorn may not be ready
to share the additional information that would be useful for a replication, but
if Steorn decided to even partially open source this technology (for
individuals outside of Steorn to replicate) PESN would be eager to assist such
an effort.
