http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spaser
The Spaser The negatively charged quasiparticle called a Plasmons is being produced on the nano-surfaced micro-particles used in both the Rossi and DGT reactors. First, surface plasmons are bosons: they are vector excitations and have spin 1, just as photons do. These electrons are forming condensates which amplify their wave function as they become entangled. Their localization at lattice defects defines the nuclear active areas where LENR occurs. A spaser is the nanoplasmonic counterpart of a laser, but it (ideally) does not emit photons. It is analogous to the conventional laser, but in a spaser photons are replaced by surface plasmons and the resonant cavity is replaced by a nanoparticle, which supports the plasmonic modes. Similarly to a laser, the energy source for the Spasing mechanism is an active (gain) medium that is excited externally. The LENR reaction provides this excitation. This spacer accomplishes two functions; it’s entangled and amplified wave function catalyzes fusion by lowering the coulomb barrier of atoms at and near the lattice defect and then it down converts and transfers this fusion gamma energy from the nucleus into the lattice of the micro particle as infrared radiation. Cheers: Axil On Fri, Feb 8, 2013 at 9:02 PM, Kevin O'Malley <kevmol...@gmail.com> wrote: > Hello Vorts: > See below for confirmation from YE Kim that the formation of a BEC at room > temperature gives his LENR theory a leg up. > > > > > > > Kevin O'Malley <kevmol...@gmail.com> > 1:22 PM (4 hours ago) > to yekim, ayandas, pkb > Hello Dr. Kim. I left you a voicemail regarding this. Does the formation > of a BEC at room temperature make your theory of Deuteron Fusion more > viable? Wasn't the main criticism of your theory that BECs couldn't form at > higher temperatures? > Y. E. Kim, "Bose-Einstein Condensate Theory of Deuteron Fusion in > Metal", J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci. *4*, 188 (2011), > best regards, > Kevin O'Malley > <408%20460%205707> > > -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- > > http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2013/01/29/1210842110 > > Polariton Bose–Einstein condensate at room temperature in an Al(Ga)N > nanowire–dielectric microcavity with a spatial potential trap > > Ayan Dasa,1, > Pallab Bhattacharyaa,1, > Junseok Heoa, > Animesh Banerjeea, and > Wei Guob > > Author Affiliations > > Edited by Paul L. McEuen, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, and approved > December 21, 2012 (received for review June 28, 2012) > > Abstract > > A spatial potential trap is formed in a 6.0-μm Al(Ga)N nanowire by varying > the Al composition along its length during epitaxial growth. The polariton > emission characteristics of a dielectric microcavity with the single > nanowire embedded in-plane have been studied at room temperature. > Excitation is provided at the Al(Ga)N end of the nanowire, and polariton > emission is observed from the lowest bandgap GaN region within the > potential trap. Comparison of the results with those measured in an > identical microcavity with a uniform GaN nanowire and having an identical > exciton–photon detuning suggests evaporative cooling of the polaritons as > they are transported into the trap in the Al(Ga)N nanowire. Measurement of > the spectral characteristics of the polariton emission, their momentum > distribution, first-order spatial coherence, and time-resolved measurements > of polariton cooling provides strong evidence of the formation of a > near-equilibrium Bose–Einstein condensate in the GaN region of the nanowire > at room temperature. In contrast, the condensate formed in the uniform GaN > nanowire–dielectric microcavity without the spatial potential trap is only > in self-equilibrium. > > Bose–Einstein condensation > exciton–polariton > Footnotes > 1To whom correspondence may be addressed. > E-mail: ayan...@umich.edu or p...@umich.edu. > > > > Author contributions: A.D. and P.B. designed research; A.D. and J.H. > performed research; J.H., A.B., and W.G. contributed new reagents/analytic > tools; A.D. analyzed data; and P.B. wrote the paper. > > The authors declare no conflict of interest. > > This article is a PNAS Direct Submission. > > This article contains supporting information online at > http://www.pnas.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1073/pnas. > 1210842110/-/DCSupplemental. > > Freely available online through the PNAS open access option. > Reply > Reply to all > Forward > Kim, Yeong E > 5:24 PM (32 minutes ago) > to me, ayandas, pkb > > Hi, Kevin,**** > > Yes, the formation of a BEC of deuterons (or other Bose nuclei) makes my > theory more viable.**** > > ** ** > > The claim, made by some that BECs could not form at room temperatures, was > based on an inconclusive conjecture**** > > which assumes that the Maxwell-Boltzmann (MB ) velocity distribution > applies for deuterons in a metal.**** > > This conjecture was not based on any theories nor on any experimentally > observed facts.**** > > The MB velocity distribution is for an ideal gas containing > non-interacting particles.**** > > There are no justifications to assume the MB velocity distribution for > deuterons in a metal.**** > > The published paper by Dasa, et al. quoted below indicates that the > conjecture is not justified.**** > > ** ** > > I have stated at seminars and conferences (in the proceedings) that**** > > **** > > “The BEC formation of deuterons in metal at room temperatures depends on > the velocity distribution**** > > of deuterons in metal at room temperatures. The velocity distribution of > deuterons in metal has not**** > > determined by theories nor by experiments and is not expected to be the MB > distribution”**** > > ** ** > > The published paper by Dasa, et al. supports the above statement.**** > > Yeong**** > > ** ** > > *keSent:* Friday, February 08, 2013 4:22 PM > *To:* Kim, Yeong E > *Cc:* ayan...@umich.edu; p...@umich.edu > *Subject:* Bose Einstein Condensate formed at Room Temperature**** >
